161. Information Literacy In Europe: A Literature Review Examines the developments in information literacy in Europe and provides an overview of the concepts used and discussed by European authors. http://informationr.net/ir/8-4/paper159.html

Information Research, Vol. 8 No. 4, July 2003 Information literacy in Europe: a literature review Sirje Virkus Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester, U.K. Abstract Examines the developments in information literacy in Europe and provides an overview of the concepts used and discussed by European authors. Some examples of information literacy initiatives in schools and the higher education sector, as well as of institutions and organizations, projects and conferences concerned with information literacy, are given. Some research initiatives are also introduced. The overview is based on literature reviews and personal observations and involvement and presents a selective review. Introduction Bruce, a well-known Australian information literacy researcher, notes: The idea of information literacy, emerging with the advent of information technologies in the early 1970s, has grown, taken shape and strengthened to become recognized as the critical literacy for the twenty-first century. Sometimes interpreted as one of a number of literacies, information literacy is also described as the overarching literacy essential for twenty-first century living. Today, information literacy is inextricably associated with information practices and critical thinking in the information and communication technology environment' ( Bruce, 2002

162. Library Second a literature review seeks to describe, summarise, evaluate, clarify and/or Bruce, who has published widely on the topic of the literature review, http://www.deakin.edu.au/library/findout/research/litrev.php

Skip to content Deakin home Contact us Directory of staff ... Portal Search: Library Catalogue Online resources Research Training ... Library intranet - staff only Printer friendly view The literature review What is a literature review? According to Cooper (1988) '... a literature review uses as its database reports of primary or original scholarship, and does not report new primary scholarship itself. The primary reports used in the literature may be verbal, but in the vast majority of cases reports are written documents. The types of scholarship may be empirical, theoretical, critical/analytic, or methodological in nature. Second a literature review seeks to describe, summarise, evaluate, clarify and/or integrate the content of primary reports.' The review of relevant literature is nearly always a standard chapter of a thesis or dissertation. The review forms an important chapter in a thesis where its purpose is to provide the background to and justification for the research undertaken (Bruce 1994) . Bruce, who has published widely on the topic of the literature review, has identified six elements of a literature review. These elements comprise a list; a search; a survey; a vehicle for learning; a research facilitator; and a report

163. UC Academic Skills Online. Writing At University. Literature Review A literature review is a description of the literature relevant to a A critical literature review is a critical assessment of the relevant literature. http://www.canberra.edu.au/studyskills/writing/litreview.html

UC HOME SEARCH KEY CONTACTS SITE INDEX IN THIS SECTION: Writing at University Answering the question Introductions Conclusions ... Reports Writing a Literature Review What is a literary review? Why do a literary review? How many texts? Writing the review ... Annotated bibliography What is a literature review? A literature review is a description of the literature relevant to a particular field or topic. This is often written as part of a postgraduate thesis proposal, or at the commencement of a thesis. A critical literature review is a critical assessment of the relevant literature. It is unlikely that you will be able to write a truly critical assessment of the literature until you have a good grasp of the subject, usually at some point near the end of your thesis. How does a literature review differ from other assignments? The review, like other forms of expository writing, has an introduction, body and conclusion, well-formed paragraphs, and a logical structure. However, in other kinds of expository writing, you use relevant literature to support the discussion of your thesis; in a literature review, the literature itself is the subject of discussion. What counts as 'literature'?

164. SparkNotes: Today's Most Popular Study Guides Study guides and discussion forums offered on various academic subjects. literature section includes brief analyses of characters, themes and plots. http://www.sparknotes.com/

Welcome to SparkNotes! Studying English? We have everything you need. Help Log in Sign Up for a Free Account Most Popular Literature History Shakespeare Philosophy ... Film More Subjects Math Chemistry Economics Computer Science ... More AP... Learn Shakespeare fast. Text you can understand and illustrations that explain it all. No Fear Shakespeare... Illustrated Shakespeare... Facts at your fingertips. More SparkCharts... Back to School 2005 Go back to school with SparkLife's Stuff We Like. More... Free tools for study help. Look no further. Dictionary Thesaurus Calculator How to cite SparkNotes ... More tools... Search SparkNotes from your desktop. With the SparkNotes Search Widget you can connect directly from your desktop to the powerful SparkNotes search engine. Get the widget... Contact Us Terms and Conditions About

165. Wesleyan University: Library A literature review is much more than an annotated bibliography or a list of separate And this is the heart of what a literature review is about. http://www.wesleyan.edu/libr/tut/litrev/thelitrev.html

Writing a Literature Review What Is a Literature Review What Is a Literature Review? A literature review is much more than an annotated bibliography or a list of separate reviews of articles and books. It is a critical, analytical summary and synthesis of the current knowledge of a topic. Thus it should compare and relate different theories, findings, etc, rather than just summarize them individually. In addition, it should have a particular focus or theme to organize the review. It does not have to be an exhaustive account of everything published on the topic, but it should discuss all the significant academic literature important for that focus. Literature reviews are common and very important in the sciences and social sciences. They are less common and have a less important role in the humanities, but they do have a place, especially stand-alone reviews. Types of Literature Reviews There are different types of literature reviews, and different purposes for writing a review, but the most common are: Stand-alone literature review articles . These provide an overview and analysis of the current state of research on a topic or question. The goal is to evaluate and compare previous research on a topic to provide an analysis of what is currently known, and also to reveal controversies, weaknesses, and gaps in current work, thus pointing to directions for future research. You can find examples published in any number of academic journals, but there is a series of

166. Personal Bankruptcy: A Literature Review PERSONAL BANKRUPTCY A literature REVIEW The empirical literature on personal bankruptcy is voluminous, but researchers have made little progress in http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=2421&sequence=0

167. Oxford Journals | Humanities | Classical Review by Oxford University press; reviews of new work dealing with the literatures and civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome (registration required) http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/list/clrevj/

@import "/resource/css/main.css"; @import "/resource/css/homepage.css"; @import "/resource/css/journal.css"; @import "/resource/css/clrevj.css"; Skip Navigation Oxford Journals Contact Us My Basket ... My Account The Classical Review About This Journal Contact This Journal Subscriptions Current Issue ... Humanities Classical Review The Current Issue Volume 55 Issue 1 March 2005 View table of contents Browse the Archive Founded in 1886, The Classical Review publishes reviews of new work dealing with the literatures and civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome. Over three hundred books are reviewed each year. The full-length reviews are followed by shorter notices. It can be regarded as a companion to The Classical Quarterly Search This Journal Advanced search Reader Services Free sample issue Access/purchase this journal Classical Association The Journal About this journal Publishers' Books for Review Published on behalf of The Classical Association Editors Professor Jonathan Powell Professor David Scourfield View full editorial board For Authors Instructions to authors Alerting Services Email table of contents CiteTrack XML RSS feed Corporate Services Advertising sales Online ISSN 1464-3561 - Print ISSN 0009-840X Classical Association Oxford Journals Oxford University Press Site Map Frequently Asked Questions Other Oxford University Press sites: Oxford University Press American National Biography Booksellers' Information Service Children's Fiction and Poetry Children's Reference Dictionaries Dictionary of National Biography

168. Literature-review A critical literature review within a specific field or interest of research is one of the As the most important task of critical literature review, http://lrs.ed.uiuc.edu/tse-portal/literaturereview/junghyun-an-literature-review

Literature Review A critical literature review within a specific field or interest of research is one of the most essential, but also complex activities in the process of research. In order to proceed a more productive literature review, it is recommendable for reviewers to design a frame that consists of their research questions or purpose of the review. Thus, the internalized frame of research questions needs to be kept through the whole process of selecting resources, reading and writing about previous research studies chosen. This site will provide useful information and Web links on methodology and tools for critical literature review in academic research. Search for Resources Critical Review of Literature Bibliography Online catalog/ Article databases/ Internet search tools UIUC Search Databases General Search Databases Search Tutorials Criteria for Quality Literature Review Evaluation of Web Resources Methodology ... Citation Tools 1. Search for Resources 1) Online catalog/ Article databases/ Internet search tools: A. UIUC Search Databases

169. Union Institute University Literature Review Union Institute University is the premier distancelearning, learner-centered university offering BA, BS, MA, M.Ed., MFA, and Ph.D. degrees with learning http://www.tui.edu/current/phd/first/lr.asp

170. InfoRAD Exhibit On Systematic Literature Reviewing The systematic literature review what it is and how IT can help. an interactive primer written by Liz Berry, University of Leeds http://www.comp.leeds.ac.uk/comir/people/eberry/sysrev/sysrev.htm

The systematic literature review: what it is and how IT can help an interactive primer written by Liz Berry, University of Leeds These three coloured icons appear throughout this presentation Click on the blue books icon to find out about systematic reviews Click on the green computer mouse icon to see how IT can help The long road leading off into the sunset will always return you to this page Click once here About this info RAD display

171. The Literature Review In very practical terms, the literature review process is an integral part of Writing a literature review clearly both assists students to gain mastery http://www.usq.edu.au/library/help/postgrad/litreview.htm

@import url(/includes/usq/page.001/css/style.notns4.001.css); @import url(/includes/usq/page.001/library/style.001.css); Contact Us Search About this Site PostGrad Toolbox Introduction Doing Research The Literature Review Finding Information Retrieving Information Managing Information Keeping Current ... PostGrad Toolbox > The Literature Review The Literature Review "You know one when you see one." H.Cooper Introduction Writing a literature review clearly both assists students to gain mastery of their field and demonstrates that they have mastered an important research skill. Writing literature reviews has not only been a long-standing tradition in research and scholarship, it continues to be a vehicle through which credibility is established. Literature reviews are required when writing grant applications, research reports and journal articles, as well as being sought after by journals for publication in their own right. Writing a literature review is therefore an important part of undertaking higher degree research. " C. Bruce

172. Links For How To Write A Literature Review Selected Links to Resources on Writing a literature Review University of Washington Writing a Psychology literature Review http://web.pdx.edu/~dbls/HowtoWriteLiteratureReview.htm

Selected Links to Resources on Writing a Literature Review Edith Cowan University (Australia) http://www.cowan.edu.au/ses/research/CALLR/WRITING/ A site that gives some nice tips on reading and organizing the literature. For the reading the literature section, they have divided up into "top down" and "bottom up" readers and the pitfalls that each can fall into when reviewing the literature. It also has a nice section to help you distinguish between reporting the author's stance on something and your stance on something, giving some nice verbs to help you distinguish the two: http://www.cowan.edu.au/ses/research/CALLR/WRITING/reportingstances.html University of Toronto: http://www.utoronto.ca/writing/litrev.html A very detailed guide on how to write a literature review. Includes a nice set of questions to ask yourself about how well you've conducted your literature review. It also includes a very detailed set of questions to ask yourself about each article. This second part is more intended for thesis writers than for an in-class type of literature review. In other words, it's more than you really need. University of Washington: Writing a Psychology Literature Review http://depts.washington.edu/psywc/handouts/litrev.html

173. Multimedia Reviews To read a review, click on the cover. ( 2 reviews) ( 2 reviews) Click here to go to page two of recent reviews http://www.secondaryenglish.com/adollit.html

Reviews of New Books Articles Powerpoints Homepage Dark Quilters ... About Secondary English Reviews by Genre: Historical Fiction Mystery/Suspense Biography Sci-Fi/Fantasy ... Great but overlooked To read a review, click on the cover. Click here to go to page two of recent reviews Home About Multimedia Reviews ... www.s e c o n d a r y e n g l i s h.com

174. Using The Literature: 3 X 4 Analogies A literature review can be evaluative, weighing up the merits of previous A good literature review can help buy the researcher s credibility (see also http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR2-4/massey.html

Using the Literature: 3 x 4 Analogies by Alexander Massey The Qualitative Report , Volume 2, Number 4, December, 1996 (http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR2-4/massey.html) About the title The first draft of this piece was written as a message to the members of the discussion group 'Qualitative Research for the Human Sciences' , and was in response to a discussion that had arisen about where to put a literature review in a research report. From the feedback, it is clear that some read the piece as though it was about literature reviews. It is not. The title indicates that it is about using the literature, which is quite different. My first subtext is that one cannot sensibly say what a literature review is, what it is for, where to put it, or whether to have one at all, until one has thoroughly explored why, in research, we might even want to refer to what others have said and done. There is a second subtext which, I hope, is more visible, and that is about the issue of authority in research. What counts as authority? Where can it be found? Why do we need it? Do we need it? Here, then, is a collection of analogies to describe some of the ways I have seen literature being used in research. Inevitably, some of these overlap, but I see no particular virtue in the categories remaining mutually exclusive. Many aspects of research methodology intersect with each other, and this area is no different from any other in this respect.

175. R519: Writing For Instructional Media: Literature Review Your literature review will be tailored to the purposes of your paper, Detailed literature Review Assignment with sample writing and student sample, http://education.indiana.edu/~istcore/r519/lit.html

Research Writing: Literature Review Starting from an existing research question and body of literature with which you are familiar, write the literature review section of a research paper or manuscript you hope to publish as a journal article. Your literature review will be tailored to the purposes of your paper, but it should - summarize and synthesize the major research relevant to your topic (explaining that research clearly enough for an educated laymen to understand, - validate assertions of fact upon which you are building your hypothesis, - identify the theoretical position from which you begin, or from which you are working, - demonstrate your alignment with, or clarify your opposition to, the commonly accepted positions held by professionals in the field about which you are writing. Follow the APA Style Guide unless you know that the publication for which you are writing uses a different one. If you use something besides APA, hand in a copy of their guidelines (or a URL for them) with your final manuscript. The links below will not substitute for owning your own copy of the Publication Manual of the APA , but may be a good place for a quick check while you're writing.

176. WEB QUEST: Juvenile Literature Review - Introduction Juvenile literature Review By Jenifer Sigafoes Phelan Juvenile literature Review . By completing this WebQuest you will learn how to find valuable http://myhome.spu.edu/sigafoes/wq/juvlit/introduction.htm

WebQuest: Juvenile Literature Review By: Jenifer Sigafoes Phelan Task Process Evaluation Conclusion ... Teacher Page INTRODUCTION Welcome to the Education Librarian's WebQuest "Juvenile Literature Review" By completing this WebQuest you will learn how to find valuable background information about your favorite children's books, including critical reviews, author's biographies, and additional works by the author. This knowledge is invaluable when planning lessons that incorporate juvenile literature for your students. While participating in this WebQuest, you will become familiar with the following library resources. The Library Catalog - Subject searching for books about an author The Library Databases - MLA (Modern Language Association) - Academic Search Premiere (EBSCOhost) 3. The Library Reference Collection - Children's Literature Review - Contemporary Authors - Contemporary Authors New Revised - Something About the Author To begin please click "

177. Information Fluency : Literature Review In preparing a literature review, you will need to conduct extensive For those new to academic research, the literature review is one of the least http://info.wlu.edu/literature_review/literature_review.html

Background Research Proposal Literature ... RefWorks Literature Review Take the Literature Review Tutorial In preparing a literature review, you will need to conduct extensive research on your topic using a number of sources (use the links at the left). First, you may want to know a few things: What is a Literature Review? Why do a Literature Review? How do you write a Literature Review? How do you begin looking for sources? What is a Literature Review? For those new to academic research, the literature review is one of the least understood parts of a research project. A literature review is a summary of previous research on a topic. Literature reviews can be either a part of a larger report of a research project, or it can be a bibliographic essay that is published separately in a scholarly journal. Either way, the purpose is the same, to review the scholarly literature relevant to the topic you are studying. This review will help you design your methodology and help others to interpret your research. Some questions you may think about as you develop your literature review: What is known about the subject?

178. Structured Learning Program For The Literature Review This page offers examples of different kinds of literature review, complete with tasks and commentaries. http//ec.hku.hk/acadgrammar/litrev/main.htm http://ecdev.hku.hk/acadgrammar/LitRevProgram.htm

"Learning Program" for the Literature Review Students on the English Centre's 1st-year course for Social Science students have been given a sequenced series of links to Academic Grammar to help them through the process of doing and then writing up a Literature Review. The Literature Review process What is it ? This page offers examples of different kinds of Literature review, complete with tasks and commentaries: http://ec.hku.hk/acadgrammar/litrev/main.htm Writing the Literature Review How to write it? Pages that help with the actual writing of a Lit Review are: http://ec.hku.hk/acadgrammar/litrev/section2/two1.htm - and the 4 pages that follow, complete with links to the most appropriate of the example reviews. This site offers extensive advice on how and why you refer to the literature, and how to write a bibliography in the APA style: http://ec.hku.hk/acadgrammar/general/argue/citation/frame2.htm Those seem like the most appropriate links to help you work through a Literature Review. Of course, we assume you will eventually find your own way around Academic Grammar , but feel it's useful to offer students what we think are the most appropriate starting points.

179. American Thoracic Society - Critical Care Medicine / Intensive Care Medicine They will be updated as the literature warrants. once completed, sent as an email attachment to gajic.ognjen@mayo.edu for editing and peer review. http://www.thoracic.org/criticalcare/cccat.asp

HOME Introduction Patient Information Evidence-based critical care ... Critical Care Assembly Welcome to this new section of the Website called "CCCATs!" (Critical Care Assembly Critically Appraised Topics; CAT for short). CATs are on-line, evidence-based answers to common and controversial clinical questions. Each topic contains a search strategy, links to original articles, critical appraisals and short editorial comments. Each new CAT will be peer reviewed and then added to a library of CATs . They will be updated as the literature warrants. We encourage members of the ATS and other intensivists to participate in building a large database of useful clinical information. Forms can be downloaded from the website (see instructions below) and, once completed, sent as an e-mail attachment to gajic.ognjen@mayo.edu for editing and peer review. Both the author and the reviewer will be credited for each new CAT. I look forward to working with you in this new exciting endeavor. Marcus Schultz, MD, PhD

180. Designing Web Sites For Older Adults: A Review Of Recent Literature (2004) This annotated literature review is geared towards those designing web sites for older adults. It concentrates on research from the disciplines of http://www.aarp.org/olderwiserwired/oww-resources/a_review_of_recent_literature_

@import url("/style_folder/global.css"); @import url("/style_folder/toolbar.css"); @import url("/style_folder/home.css"); @import url("/style_folder/topic.css"); AARP Home Contact AARP Site Map AARP The Magazine ... AARP Bulletin SEARCH Member Services and Discounts Issues and Elections Technology and Learning Health ... Fun and Games Designing Web Sites for Older Adults: A Review of Recent Literature (2004) Designing Web Sites for Older Adults: A Review of Recent Literature (PDF, 385K) focuses on Web site design for older adults. But it is not limited to information about Web sites directed toward older adults. The findings and heuristics are applicable to all types of Web sites that have older adults in their audiences, from search engines to e-commerce sites, to reference Web sites, and beyond. This literature review was commissioned by AARP and conducted by researchers Ginny Redish and Dana Chisnell . Their review concentrates on research from the disciplines of interaction and navigation, information architecture, presentation or visual design, and information design, thus it is narrower than some other reviews. The researchers have used these other reviews for their insights into older users and the Web and their annotations of them focus on what they have to say that can inform Web design. Download the full report (PDF, 385K).

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