21. Epictetus (c.60-120) Library Of Congress Citations Marcus Aurelius, Emperor of Rome, 121180. Meditations. 1955. Munro, HAJ (HughAndrew Johnstone), 1819-1885. Long, George, 1800-1879. http://www.mala.bc.ca/~mcneil/cit/citlcepic1.htm

Epictetus (c.60-120) : Library of Congress Citations The Little Search Engine that Could Down to Name Citations LC Online Catalog Amazon Search Book Citations [First 20 Records] Author: Epictetus. Title: The discourses of Epictetus. Translated by P. E. Matheson. Illustrated by Hans Erni. Published: New York, Heritage Press [1968] Description: xxx, 308 p. illus. (part col.) 30 cm. LC Call No.: B560.E5 M3 1968 Dewey No.: 188 Notes: Half title: Epictetus: the discourses and manual. "First published in 1916." Bibliographical references included in "Notes" (p. 295-304) Other authors: Matheson, P. E. (Percy Ewing), 1859-1946, tr. Other titles: Epictetus: the discourses and manual. Control No.: 68002921 //r88 Author: Bonforte, John. Title: Epictetus: a dialogue in common sense [by] John Bonforte. Published: New York, Philosophical Library [1974] Description: 178 p. 22 cm. LC Call No.: B563 .B55 Dewey No.: 188 ISBN: 0802221319 Notes: Based on the Discourses of Epictetus translated by T. W. Higginson, 1865. Subjects: Epictetus. Other authors: Epictetus. Works. English. 1865. Control No.: 73088704 Author: Xenakis, Iason, 1923- Title: Epictetus. Philosopher-therapist. Published: The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, 1969. Description: xii, 141 p. 24 cm. LC Call No.: B563 .X45 Dewey No.: 188 Notes: Bibliography: p. [131]-133. Subjects: Epictetus. Control No.: 74443471

22. Riley Collection: Roman Emperors: Marcus Aurelius Emperor Marcus Aurelius (AD 121180) Marcus Aurelius was one of Rome s finestEmperors and comes close to the Platonic ideal of the philosopher-king. http://www.vroma.org/~riley/aurelius/portrait_cc.html

Emperor Marcus Aurelius (A.D. 121-180) (click image to view enlargement) Probably ca. A.D. 160-170 Commentary M arcus, the son of Annius Verus and Domitia Lucilla, was born in Rome in April of 121. His father, brother-in-law of Antoninus Pius , died when Marcus was only ten months old. As a child Marcus was highly favored by Hadrian who, in attempting to create a kind of dynasty, insisted that Antoninus Pius adopt him (see cat. 24). His name was changed to Marcus Aelius Aurelius Verus Caesar, reflecting various familial and political ties. He was also betrothed to the daughter of Aelius Caesar (see Hadrianic Noble , Riley Collection) but, once Antoninus Pius became emperor, this arrangement was dissolved. Marcus was engaged to the new emperor's daughter, Anna Galeria Faustina Minor (see Antonine Woman as Venus , Riley Collection). Antoninus Pius reigned for almost twenty-four years but on 7 March 161 Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, as he was now called, became emperor at age forty. In an act of magnanimity that was to characterize his reign, he insisted that the intentions of Antoninus Pius be honored by accepting the co-regency of Lucius Verus , son of Aelius Caesar. Unfortunately, the degenerate Verus was not a worthy partner. His early death in 169 must have been a relief to Marcus Aurelius and the Roman nobility. Aurelius continued to rule until his death on 17 March 180, just ten days short of the nineteenth anniversary of his ascendancy.

23. Roman Empire - Marcus Aurelius, 121180 (Emperor, 161-80). Marcus Aurelius (also known as He is remembered as the Emperor who fiddled while Rome burned (a myth the http://famous.adoption.com/famous/roman-empire.html

24. Meditations - Marcus Aurelius The great Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus famously wrote down and Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (121180) was Emperor of Rome from 7 March 161 to http://www.complete-review.com/reviews/agreek/maurel.htm

A Literary Saloon Site of Review. Trying to meet all your book preview and review needs. Contents: Main the Best the ... Links to e-mail us: the complete review - philosophy Meditations by Marcus Aurelius general information review summaries our review links ... about the author Title: Meditations Author: Marcus Aurelius Genre: Philosophy Written: ca. 180 Length: 410 pages Original in: ancient Greek Availability - US editions: Loeb Classical Library (trans. C.R.Haines) Penguin Classic (trans. Maxwell Staniforth) Oxford World's Classics (trans. A.S.L. Farquharson) Everyman's Library (trans. A.S.L. Farquharson) Dover Thrift (trans. George Long) - UK editions Loeb Classical Library Penguin Classic Oxford World's Classics Everyman's Library ... Dover Thrift - Canada Meditations (Loeb Classical Library) - France - Deutschland Selbstbetrachtungen This review refers specifically to the Loeb Classical Library edition of the works of Marcus Aurelius (volume 58, simply titled Marcus Aurelius ), edited and translated by C.R. Haines, and first published 1916 (revised 1930). It is the only widely available text that gives both the original Greek text as well as an English translation. It includes an Introduction to the text itself, as well as one on Stoicism, a Bibliography, indices of Matters and of Proper Names, and a Glossary of Greek Terms. Beside the Meditations it also includes Speeches and Sayings by Marcus Aurelius, and a

25. Revelation Two - Second Age Marcus Aurelius Antoninus 121180 AD a philosopher and Emperor of Rome (161-180)who wrote Meditations, a classic work of stoicism. http://www.mazzaroth.com/ChapterSix/RevelationTwoSecondAge.htm

From The Alpha and the Omega - Chapter Six Revelation Two - Second Age The Second Church and the Second Age 100-312 A.D. – Third Persecution 98-117 A.D. to the Tenth Persecution – 284-305 A.D. The Second Church - Smyrna - Caesars - Second Age 100-312 A.D. Persecution - Third 98-117 A.D., Persecution - Fourth 109-163 A.D., Persecution - Fifth 163-200 A.D., Persecution - Sixth 201-235 A.D., Persecution - Seventh 235-249 A.D., Persecution - Eighth 249-257 A.D., Persecution - Ninth 257-284 A.D., Persecution - Tenth 284-305 A.D. Second Age: A.D. 100-312 Caesars Smyrna To the Second Church Izmar or ( formerly Smyrna (Gr. Smyrna ) was a city of western Turkey on the Gulf of Izmir , an inlet of the Aegean Sea, near the mouth of the Cayster river. Settled during the Bronze Age, modern Izmir is now a major port and an industrial center, Population, 757,854. Destroyed by the Lydians in 627 B.C. and refounded in the middle of the fourth century B.C. It was famous for science, medicine and the majesty of its buildings. Go back to Home Page Rev. 2:8

26. The Roman Quest For Secular Order (150 BC To 300 AD) - By Miles Hodges The story of the rise of Rome from a group of hills hosting a number of Marcus Aurelius Antonius (121180 AD) Emperor Marcus Aurelius Antonius (121-180 http://www.newgenevacenter.org/west/roman2.htm

A GENERAL OVERVIEW The Roman Contribution to Western Material Culture The Romans, coming along behind the Greeks (after defeating the Greeks militarily in 146 BC and turning Greece into a Roman province), put into effect a wonderfully ordered material civilization. This civilization indeed gave witness to the power of human reason or human engineering to work with the natural world in producing a place that people often thought was perfection itself. Roman civilization bore out the hope of the Greeksby giving the West a practical example of the orderly life. The Romans were not intellectual innovatorsas the Greeks were with their powerful philosophies. Rather, the Romans were powerful adminstratorssuch as the Greeks themselves were never able to be. The Romans, with their sense of legal or administrative order, put the Greek ideas to work in life. Probably had not the Romans done so, the Greek contribution might itself have been put aside with its own growing cynicism and skepticism. Thus the Romans contributed immensely to (materialistic) Western civilization by demonstrating clearly that orderly cooperation with nature could produce amazing results. The On-Going Influence of Hellenistic Thought Yet even under the practical-minded Romans, Western philosophy continued to develop. But Roman philosophy tended to follow the lines laid down by Hellenistic Greece in the two previous centuries. Indeed, as once Eastern thought captured its Greek conquerors centuries before, now Greek thought began to capture its Roman conquerors. Thus did Greek Platonism and Stoicism continue to draw Western philosophy forward, though now under Roman patronage. Indeed despite Roman political ascendancy, the Greek-speaking eastern provinces of the Roman Empire continued by their own right to be vibrant and at times even dominant cultural-intellectual centers within the Roman Imperium.

27. Marcus Aurelius Antoninus - YourDictionary.com - American Heritage Dictionary Search Mamma.com for Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Listen mär k s ôr l -s n t -n n s , AD 121-180. Philosopher and Emperor of Rome (161-180). http://www.yourdictionary.com/ahd/m/m0103600.html

Search Mamma.com for "Marcus Aurelius Antoninus" Search: Normal Definitions Short defs (Pronunciation Key) Mar·cus Au·re·li·us An·to·ni·nus Listen: mär k s ô-r l s n t -n n s A.D. Philosopher and emperor of Rome (161-180). His philosophical autobiography Meditations is a classic work of stoicism. Back to Search Back The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition

28. Lecture 12: Augustus Caesar And The Pax Romana Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (121180; Emperor, 161-180), the last of the Five Good On his way back to Rome, Aurelius visited Lower Egypt and Greece. http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/lecture12b.html

Lecture 12 Augustus Caesar and the Pax Romana On the morning of March 15, 44 B.C., JULIUS CAESAR was assassinated by several members of the Roman Senate. This was just one month after he had declared himself dictator of the Roman world. In the wake of his death, three men moved forward to form a new triumvirate which would punish Caesar's assassins and then divide up the Roman world. The members of this triumvirate consisted of Marc Antony (consul), Lepidus (high official), and Octavian (the grand nephew of Caesar). Up to the year 37 B.C., there was relative peace in the Roman world. Brutus and Cassius were defeated in the Battle of Philippi (42 B.C.) and Cicero, perhaps the greatest thinker in the Roman world, had his hands and head cut off and placed in public display in the Forum. These three men headed a republican faction against Caesar for the simple reason that Caesar had claimed absolute power for himself. But in 37 B.C., stability appeared to disintegrate. Antony had married Octavian's sister but had also formed some sort of marriage contract with Cleopatra . In 31 B.C., Antony and Cleopatra's navy was beaten by Octavian's forces at Actium. Antony fled to Alexandria where Octavian eventually followed. Antony committed suicide while Cleopatra took the asp.

29. Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius. Life (121180). Notes Emperor of Rome. Titles. Meditations Meditations Thoughts of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus http://manybooks.net/authors/aurelius.html

@import "/resources/2005.css"; Content Navigation Footer Search - advanced search Title Author Authors Titles Categories Languages ... Help Marcus Aurelius Life Notes Emperor of Rome Titles Meditations Meditations Thoughts of The Emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus More Information Images of Marcus Aurelius from Google Marcus Aurelius at Wikipedia Site links About manybooks.net Contact Webmaster RSS feed Admin access

30. Marcus Aurelius - Definition Of Marcus Aurelius By The Free Online Dictionary, T Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius Emperor of Rome; nephew and son-in-law and the decline of the Roman Empire began under Marcus Aurelius (121-180) http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Marcus Aurelius

Domain='thefreedictionary.com' word='Marcus Aurelius' Your help is needed: American Red Cross The Salvation Army join mailing list webmaster tools Word (phrase): Word Starts with Ends with Definition subscription: Dictionary/ thesaurus Computing dictionary Medical dictionary Legal dictionary Financial dictionary Acronyms Columbia encyclopedia Wikipedia encyclopedia ... encyclopedia Marcus Aurelius Also found in: Columbia Wikipedia Hutchinson 0.03 sec. Page tools Printer friendly Cite / link Email Feedback Thesaurus Legend: Synonyms Related Words Antonyms Noun Marcus Aurelius - Emperor of Rome; nephew and son-in-law and adoptive son of Antonius Pius; Stoic philosopher; the decline of the Roman Empire began under Marcus Aurelius (121-180) Antoninus Aurelius Marcus Annius Verus Marcus Aurelius Antoninus ... Roman Emperor - sovereign of the Roman Empire Mentioned in References in classic literature Antoninus Aurelius Caracalla Claudius II ... Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius used to say: 'A man should leave the world as a ripe olive falls from the tree that bore it, and with a kiss for the earth that nourished it. The Guardian by Pater, Walter Horatio

31. MB PHIL-MARCUS AURELIUS Marcus Aurelius (121180 CE) According to Plato, philosophers must become defended Rome against more invasions than any other Emperor he http://www.marieb.com/phil322.html

MARCUS AURELIUS Marcus Aurelius (121-180 CE) According to Plato, "philosophers must become kings or kings must become philosophers before the world will have peace." The fourteenth Roman Emperor (from 161 to 180, Marcus Aurelius (121-80) was probably the closest thing to a philosopher king the world has ever known. Born to a prominent Spanish family in Rome, he became an orphan at a young age and devoted himself to a life of study. By the age of twelve he was mastering geometry, music, mathematics, painting, and literature. Under the mentorship of private tutors he learned fluent Greek and Latin and the whole of philosophy from the ancients through the Stoics whom he most admired. By the age of fourteen he received the toga virilis, the white robe signifying adulthood and full citizenship in Rome. A series of events that brought him to the throne began when the emperor Hadrian picked Marcus's uncle Antoninus as his successor but only on the condition that Antoninus should designate Marcus to be the next Emperor.

32. The Christian Catacombs Of Rome - Finding Out More Marcus Aurelius (161180), philosopher Emperor, spent 17 of the 19 years of his The arguments of Marcus Aurelius (121-180), Galenus(129-200), Lucian, http://www.catacombe.roma.it/en/ricerche/ricerca2.html

FINDING OUT MORE 2. PERSECUTIONS OF THE CHRISTIANS Teresio Bosco A new and malevolent superstition The first instance of the Roman State taking action against Christians arose in the reign of the Emperor Claudius (41-54 A.D.). The historians Suetonius and Dio Cassius tell us that Claudius had to expel the Jews because they were continually arguing among themselves about a certain Chrestos. "Here we have first mention of the response to the Christian message in the community of Rome," comments Karl Baus. The historian Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus (70- ca.140) was a high-ranking official at the imperial courts of Trajan and of Hadrian. He was a scholar and counsellor of the emperors. He justified this and future actions of the State against Christians defining them as a "new and malicious superstition"; very harsh words. As a "superstitio", Christianity was linked to "magia". For the Romans it was the same as the irrational practices which magicians and witches of evil character used to deceive the ignorant populace who had no training in philosophy. Magic was against reason and was common knowledge as opposed to philosophical knowledge. The accusation of magia (witchcraft), as well as that of insanity was a weapon with which the Roman State branded and suppressed new and suspect groups in society, such as Christianity.

33. GIFTED EDUCATION NEWS-PAGE JUNE-JULY 1998 The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius (121180 AD) should be a significant part ofthe gifted Marcus Aurelius was the Emperor of Rome from 161-180 AD. http://www.giftededpress.com/NPJUNEJULY1998.htm

GIFTED EDUCATION NEWS-PAGE VOLUME 7, NUMBER 5 Published by GIFTED EDUCATION PRESS; 10201 YUMA COURT; P.O. BOX 1586; MANASSAS, VA 20108; 703-369-5017 www.giftededpress.com In the June-July 1997 issue, we presented summaries of previously reviewed books that we considered to be outstanding works in educational psychology and gifted education. The brief descriptions of books in this issue are based on our reviews of outstanding biographies and reminiscences beginning in 1991. We highly recommend these works for use by gifted students and their teachers. THE ROAD AHEAD BY BILL GATES (1995). VIKING: NEW YORK. This book and the diskette found inside the back cover are about the life of Bill Gates, the development of Microsoft Corporation, and the future impact of the computer industry upon American society. For those individuals whose computer skills have matured in conjunction with Microsoft's ascendance during the last 15 years, Gates' story is a nostalgic journey through different versions of MS-DOS and the PC computer to today's powerful Pentium computer and Windows 95. For young gifted students concerned with computer technology and programing, the book will show them the enormous leaps of technological progress made from the end of the Second World War to present times. (Feb.-March 1996) MARIE CURIE: A LIFE The life of Marie Curie (1867-1934) demonstrates the intellectual development, determination and sheer scientific brilliance of the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. In 1903, she and her husband, Pierre, along with Henri Becquerel

34. HISTORY OF ADOPTION King of Macedon Philip V, 238179 BC, King of Macedonia Marcus Aurelius,121-180, Emperor of Rome Three of the most powerful men of their times. http://www.adoption.org/adopt/history-of-adoption.php

- Select One - General Info I am Pregnant I Want to Adopt Adopt Internationally Countries Site Map Pregnant...? Looking to adopt? International Adoption? Pregnant? ... Foster Top Resources for: Community Professionals Shop Library HISTORY OF ADOPTION History of Adoption - Articles A History of Adoption Development of modern-day adoption from the beginning of the 20th century. Adoption History and Reform in New Zealand A timeline of the past, present, and future of adoption and adoption law in New Zealand, from Keith Griffeth's book. Purely American: Laws, Lies and Love Capitol... History of Adoption History of Adoption - Part 1 Ancient/Biblical Times Alexander the Great, 356-323 BC, King of Macedon Philip V, 238-179 BC, King of Macedonia Marcus Aurelius, 121-180, Emperor of Rome Three of the most powerful men of their times. What do they have in common? Each was adopted. Adoption has been... History of Adoption - Select a category - All New Arrivals Adoption Books Lifebooks Scrapbooking e-books click here History of Adoption - Articles A History of Adoption Development of modern-day adoption from the beginning of the 20th century. Adoption History and Reform in New Zealand A timeline of the past, present, and future of adoption and adoption law in New Zealand, from Keith Griffeth's book. Purely American: Laws, Lies and Love Capitol...

35. Marcus Aurelius Meditations Quotations Marcus Aurelius lived from AD 121180. He was Roman Emperor from 161 until hisdeath. Livia Drusilla Julia Augusta Empress of Rome Augustus Caesar. http://ancienthistory.about.com/library/bl/bl_q_aurelius.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Ancient / Classical History Homework Help ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Ancient / Classical History newsletter! See Online Courses Search Ancient / Classical History Marcus Aurelius Quotations Meditations Other Quotes Aeschylus Quotes Euripides Quotes Sophocles Quotes Bible Quotes Quotations from Marcus Aurelius on the following topics: Change Satisfaction Equality in Death Preordained Fate ... Truth BIOGRAPHY: Marcus Aurelius lived from A.D. 121-180. He was Roman emperor from 161 until his death. For a picture and more information on Marcus Aurelius, see Marcus Aurelius entry HIS WRITING: Read Marcus Aurelius' Meditations online Euripides Quotes Aeschylus Quotes Sophocles Quotes ... Ancient/Classical History Articles Recent Discussions Book Chat: From the Gracchi to Nero Next Book Chat: From the Gracchi to Nero Rome and Jerusalem Recent Discussions Ancient Roman 535BC, Battle of Alaia

36. ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY: The Ethical Period Marcus Aurelius (121180 AD). Marcus Aurelius (picture) ruled Rome from 161 Born Marcus Annius Verus, he was adopted by the Emperor Antoninus Pius in http://radicalacademy.com/adiphilethical2.htm

Adventures in Philosophy ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY Select a Category... Ancient Philosophy Medieval Philosophy Modern Philosophy Recent Philosophy American Philosophy Islamic Philosophy Jewish Philosophy Political Philosophy Eastern Philosophy Academy Resources Glossary of Philosophical Terms Philosophy Search Engine Timeline of Philosophy A Timeline of American Philosophy ... Books about Religion in The Radical Academy Bookstore Shop Amazon Stores in the Radical Academy Bookstore Magazine Outlet Music Store Video Store ... Baby Superstore Win $100 Worth Of Books! Click Here for Powell's Books FREE newsletter and you may win $100 worth of books. Select: Cicero Lucian of Samosata Seneca Musonius Rufus ... Marcus Aurelius The Ethical Period The Greco-Roman Moralists Cicero (106-43 B.C.)

37. Press Release Archives #251-98 - Accepts Statue Of Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius Accepts Statue of Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius From Mayor of Rome. Marcus Aurelius (121180 AD) ruled as Emperor until his death in 180 AD. http://www.nyc.gov/html/om/html/98a/pr251-98.html

Archives of the Mayor's Press Office FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Date: Wednesday, June 3, 1998 Release #251 -98 Contact: Colleen Roche (212) 788-2958 or Jennifer Chait 212-788-8479 MAYOR GIULIANI ACCEPTS STATUE OF ROMAN EMPEROR MARCUS AURELIUS FROM MAYOR OF ROME STATUE FROM NEW YORK CITY'S SISTER CITY WILL STAND IN CENTRAL PARK Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani today welcomed Mayor of Rome Francesco Rutelli to City Hall and accepted the gift of the statue of Rome's famed second century emperor Marcus Aurelius. The statue is a replica of the one which stands in front of City Hall in Rome, New York City's Sister City. Joining the Mayor at today's announcement was Parks Commissioner Henry J. Stern. "I would like to welcome Mayor Rutelli to New York City, the Sister City of Rome and thank him for this wonderful gift - the bronze statue of Marcus Aurelius," Mayor Giuliani said. "Marcus Aurelius is one of two great Roman symbols, representing the universality and history of Rome. The statue stands as a tribute to this second century "philosopher king" who ruled with a humanitarism philosophy and enlightened intellect." The Mayor continued, "New York City and Rome have always been linked in many ways. Italian immigrants came here by the millions and worked hard to help make New York City the Capital of the World. This statue is a wonderful tribute to that connection. And I promise that Commissioner Stern and I will find the emperor a good home in Central Park."

38. Europe TIMELINE c.250100, Growth of slavery, decline of small farmer in Rome 121-180,Marcus Aurelius. 130-c.200, Galen 610-641, Byzantine Emperor Heraclius http://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/ralph/referenc/eurotime.htm

Europe Go to Whole World Timeline Chapters on Europe European Multimedia European History Timeline European History Timeline KEY: Dates are B.C.E. unless noted * mya=million years ago c.2000 Minoan worship of the Mother Goddess c.2000 Extensive commerce between Egypt and Crete c.2000-1500 Height of Minoan Civilization c.1600-1200 Mycenaean civilization on mainland Greece c.1500-800 Dark Ages of Greek history c.1500-1400 Mycenaean dominance on Crete c.1400 Destruction of Knossos and end of Minoan Civilization c.1250 Trojan War c.1200-1100 Collapse of Mycenaean civilization in Greece c.800 Beginning of city-states in Greece c.750-600 Concentration of landed wealth in Greece c.750-600 Greek overseas expansion c.753 Rome founded c.750 The Iliad and The Odyssey c.700 Earliest Greek settlement in Egypt's Nile delta c.650 Shift from cavalry to infantry in Greece c.650-500 Doric architectural style c.600 Invention of coinage by Lydians c.600 Thales of Miletus Reforms of Solon in Athens c.530 Pythagoras Aeschylus Reforms of Cleisthenes in Athens c.500-432

39. Stoicism Epictetus (55138 AD) and the Roman Emperor, Marcus Aurelius (121-180 AD) . Returning to Rome, Seneca began to move through the ranks of the imperial http://www.molloy.edu/academic/philosophy/sophia/ancient_lit/happiness/stoicism1

Stoicism [1] Foundations of Stoic Ethics 1. Who Were The Stoics? The founder of the Stoic school was Zeno , who was born in 333 BC in Citium on the island of Crete. In 311 he went to Athens to study philosophy under the cynic Crates and soon began lecturing himself in a hall ( stoa ) across from the Acropolis. The history of Stoic thought is usually divided into three distinct periods: early, middle and late: Stoic doctrine was develop during the early period primarily by Zeno and his disciple, Chrysippus (d. c. 208 BC). The later came to be known as the "completer" of the Stoic system. Middle Stoics, such as Panaetius (185-109 BC) and Posidonius (135-150 BC) would dangerously modify Stoic ethics to the point where it became indistinguishable from that of the Peripatetics (the followers of Aristotle). The later Stoics wrote amidst the turmoil of the Roman Empire during the first and century centuries AD. Perhaps it was the turmoil of this period that led these later thinker to reject the innovations of the Middle Stoics in favor of a much more radical-though highly popularized-form of Stoic ethics. Among the most notable of the later Stoics are Seneca (4 BC-65 AD), the freed slave Epictetus (55-138 AD) and the Roman Emperor, Marcus Aurelius (121-180 AD). Unfortunately almost all that has been written by the early and middle Stoics have been lost to posterity. The source of most of our information about these thinkers comes from such sources as Diogenes Laertius'

40. Sculpture Of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Sculpture of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, a photograph from the Ringling Sculptures Antoninus (AD 121180). He was a philosopher and Emperor of Rome. http://fcit.usf.edu/florida/photos/historic/ring/ringl2/ringl224.htm

Home Photos Historic Ringling Estate ... Site Map Sculpture of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Sculpture of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (A.D. 121-180). He was a philosopher and emperor of Rome. Photo credit: The Florida Center for Instructional Technology, University of South Florida Home Photos Historic Ringling Estate ... Exploring Florida: Social Studies Resources for Students and Teachers Produced by the Florida Center for Instructional Technology

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