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Kernicterus:     more detail

Haemorrhagic and Haematological Disorders of Fetus and Newborn: Neonatal Jaundice, Polycythemia, Kernicterus, Haemorrhagic Disease of the Newborn Bilirubin guideline stresses increased awareness: would prevent kernicterus.(Clinical Rounds): An article from: Pediatric News by Norra MacReady, 2004-08-01 KERNICTERUS. Report based on a symposiun held at the IX INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PAEDIATRICS, Montreal, July 1959. by Andrew Sass-Lortsak, 1961 Kernicterus: Webster's Timeline History, 1937 - 2007 by Icon Group International, 2009-04-16 LETTERS.(The Real Cause of Kernicterus)(Just Walk On Out)(Tedious Committee Meetings)(Letter to the Editor): An article from: Pediatric News Kernicterus (Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience) by David W. McCandless, 2010-09-09 Pathology of Kernicterus and Posticteric Encephalopathy: Presentation of 87 Cases, with a Consideration of Pathogenesis and Etiology (AMAERICAN ACADEMY FOR CEREBRAL PALSY) by WEBB HAYMAKER, 1961 AAP Is Revising Hyperbilirubinemia Guidelines.: An article from: Pediatric News by Sally Koch Kubetin, 2001-10-01 Investigational drug looks good for hyperbilirubinemia: FDA panel debate.(Children's Health)(stannsoporfin): An article from: Family Practice News by Michele G. Sullivan, 2004-02-15 Screen doesn't prevent bilirubin encephalopathy.(CLINICAL ROUNDS): An article from: Family Practice News by Mary Ellen Schneider, 2009-10-15 Panel looks at chronic bilirubin encephalopathy.(CLINICAL ROUNDS): An article from: Pediatric News by Mary Ellen Schneider, 2009-10-01 Cry analysis in infants with Rh haemolytic disease (Acta paediatrica Scandinavica) by Maila Koivisto, 1987

lists with details

21. Washington Fax 07/30/2001 Reprint
    kernicterus is a lifelong neurological syndrome caused by severe and untreated hyperbilirubinemia during the infant's neonatal period.  
    http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

22. MedlinePlus Enciclopedia Médica: Incompatibilidad RH
    Translate this page El kernicterus es un síndrome neurológico causado por depósitos de bilirrubina en Tanto la hidropesía fetal como el kernicterus representan condiciones  
    http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/spanish/ency/article/001600.htm
    
    Extractions: @import url(/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Omita y vaya al Contenido Otros temas: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Contenido: Nombres alternativos Definici³n Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo S­ntomas ... Exanguinotransfusi³n - Serie Nombres alternativos Volver al comienzo Enfermedad hemol­tica del neonato inducida por Rh; hidropes­a fetal Definici³n Volver al comienzo La incompatibilidad Rh es una condici³n que se desarrolla cuando existe una diferencia en el tipo de sangre Rh de la mujer embarazada (Rh negativo) y el del feto (Rh positivo). Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo Volver al comienzo Durante el embarazo, los gl³bulos rojos del feto pueden pasar al torrente sangu­neo de la madre a medida que ella lo alimenta a trav©s de la placenta. Si la madre es Rh negativo, su organismo no tolerar¡ la presencia de gl³bulos rojos Rh positivos. En tales casos, el sistema inmunol³gico de la madre trata a las c©lulas fetales Rh positivas como si fuesen una sustancia extra±a y crea anticuerpos contra dichas c©lulas sangu­neas fetales. Estos anticuerpos anti-Rh positivos pueden atravesar la placenta hacia el feto, donde destruyen los gl³bulos rojos circulantes del feto.

23. AllRefer Health - Rh Incompatibility (Hydrops Fetalis, Kernicterus, Rh-Induced H
    Rh Incompatibility (Hydrops Fetalis, kernicterus, RhInduced Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn) information center covers causes, prevention, symptoms,  
    http://health.allrefer.com/health/rh-incompatibility-info.html
    
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24. AllRefer Health - Rh Incompatibility Diagnosis & Tests (Hydrops Fetalis, Kernict
    Rh Incompatibility (Hydrops Fetalis, kernicterus, RhInduced Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn) information center covers Diagnosis Tests.  
    http://health.allrefer.com/health/rh-incompatibility-diagnosis-tests.html
    
    Extractions: AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia

25. Kernicterus
    Synonyms. bilirubin encephalopathy; nuclear jaundice. ICD9-CM 773.4 kernicterus due to isoimmunization 774.7 kernicterus not due to isoimmunization  
    http://www.5mcc.com/Assets/SUMMARY/TP0504.html
    
    Extractions: DESCRIPTION: A condition characterized by high levels of nonconjugated bilirubin in the blood with biliary pigmentation of certain nuclei in the brain and spinal cord and frequently resulting in cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and hearing deficit. It is commonly a sequel to icterus gravis neonatorum. Usual course - acute; progressive; chronic.

26. Kernicterus Definition - Medical Dictionary Definitions Of Popular Medical Terms
    Online Medical Dictionary and glossary with medical definitions.  
    http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4100

27. Kernicterus
    The disorder is called kernicterus, and it arises when yellow jaundice is not diagnosed and treated The hallmark of kernicterus is cerebral palsy.  
    http://www.alllaw.com/articles/personal_injury/article17.asp
    
    Extractions: Home Legal Topics ... Personal Injury KERNICTERUS by Tracy K. Lischer, Esq. Doctors, parents, and lawyers need to be alerted to the re-emergence of a preventable medical disorder that is once again affecting children. The disorder is called kernicterus, and it arises when yellow jaundice is not diagnosed and treated appropriately. The hallmark of kernicterus is cerebral palsy. Now that new mothers and their babies are discharged at 48 hours or less, before jaundice has peaked, cerebral palsy from this cause is on the rise. Before aggressive early discharge, this disorder had been virtually eradicated. For younger pediatricians, seeing a patient with full-blown diagnosed kernicterus is like seeing a patient with polio; they never thought it would happen. The Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) has issued an ALERT to refocus its members on preventing this disorder. The diagnosis is easily made from a heel prick that measures the level of bilirubin in a baby's blood. There is a new non-invasive test as well. The treatment is phototherapy. If the bilirubin levels are too high (over 18, 20, or 25), depending on the baby's gestational age when born, weight and weight loss, ability to feed, and so on, a blood exchange may need to be performed in a hospital with that capability. In a premature baby or a sick baby, the threshold levels of concern about bilirubin levels are much lower.

28. Information About Kernicterus
    This site contains information about kernicterus. kernicterus is a form of brain damage caused by excessive jaundice. It causes athetoid cerebral palsy  
    http://www.mamashealth.com/head/kern.asp
    
    Extractions: What is Kernicterus? Kernicterus is a form of brain damage caused by excessive jaundice. It causes athetoid cerebral palsy and hearing loss. In some cases, kernicterus also causes problems with vision and teeth, and mental retardation. In newborn babies with kernicterus, the liver makes too much yellow pigment called bilirubin. When too much bilirubin builds up in a new baby's body, the skin and whites of the eyes turn yellow. This yellow coloring is called jaundice. Jaundice is very common in newborn babies and usually goes away by itself. A little jaundice is not a problem, but a few babies have too much jaundice. If not treated, high levels of bilirubin can damage the brain. Kernicterus occurs more often in premature infants than full-term infants. Kernicterus is also called Bilirubin Encephalopathy. Symptoms of Kernicterus? jaundice decreased muscle tone ( hypotonic increased muscle tone (hypertonic) arching of the head and back backwards.

29. Kernicterus - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
    kernicterus is damage to the brain centers of infants caused by jaundice. Retrieved from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/kernicterus  
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernicterus
    
    Extractions: You did it! Over US$240,000 was donated in the 21 day fund drive. Thank you for your generosity! You are still welcome to make a donation or purchase Wikimedia merchandise Kernicterus is damage to the brain centers of infants caused by jaundice . Newborn babies are often "polycythemic", meaning they have too many red blood cells . When they break down the cells, one of the by-products is bilirubin , which circulates in the blood, and causes jaundice. In adults and older children, jaundice is harmless in and of itself. But the tissues protecting the brain (the blood-brain barrier ) are immature in newborns. The bilirubin penetrates the brain, and literally stains the nerve bodies, causing irreversible damage. Depending on the level of exposure, the effects range from unnoticeable to severe brain damage Retrieved from " http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernicterus Categories Neurology Views Personal tools Navigation Search Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages ... Permanent link This page was last modified 14:24, 14 May 2005.

30. Kernicterus: Definition And Much More From Answers.com
    ker·nic·ter·us ( kûrnik t?r-?s ) n. A grave form of jaundice of the newborn characterized by very high levels of unconjugated bilirubin in the.  
    http://www.answers.com/topic/kernicterus
    
    Extractions: n. A grave form of jaundice of the newborn characterized by very high levels of unconjugated bilirubin in the blood and by yellow staining and degenerative lesions in the cerebral gray matter. Also called nuclear jaundice WordNet Note: click on a word meaning below to see its connections and related words. The noun kernicterus has one meaning: Meaning #1 an abnormal accumulation of bile pigment in the brain and other nerve tissue; causes yellow staining and tissue damage Wikipedia Kernicterus Kernicterus is damage to the brain centers of infants caused by jaundice . Newborn babies are often "polycythemic", meaning they have too many red blood cells . When they break down the cells, one of the by-products is bilirubin , which circulates in the blood, and causes jaundice. In adults and older children, jaundice is harmless in and of itself. But the tissues protecting the brain (the

31. Sentinel Event Alert, Issue 18 - April 2001
    kernicterus is a condition of newborns that leads to severely disabling brain damage or kernicterus is preventable with techniques currently available.  
    http://www.jcaho.org/about us/news letters/sentinel event alert/sea_18.htm

32. Sentinel Event Alert, Issue 31 - August 31, 2004
    While kernicterus is considered a rare but highly preventable condition, recent reports of kernicterus indicate that the condition is still occurring.  
    http://www.jcaho.org/about us/news letters/sentinel event alert/sea_31.htm

33. Haemolytic Jaundice
    Factors which increase the risk of kernicterus for a given SBR level include kernicterus can be prevented in Rhesus disease if total SBR is kept below  
    http://www.cs.nsw.gov.au/rpa/neonatal/html/newprot/rhesus.htm
    
    Extractions: Rhesus isoimmunisation Rh-negative mothers who have become sensitised to the D-antigen in an Rh-positive fetus develop anti-D antibodies which can cross the placenta and attack the blood of Rh-positive fetuses in subsequent pregnancies. This leads to the condition usually referred to as Rhesus Isoimmunisation , but also referred to as Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn and Erythroblastosis fetalis . This condition primarily involves haemolysis of red blood cells before and after birth. In severe cases fetal anaemia develops, causing congestive cardiac failure ("hydrops fetalis"). The other consequence of haemolysis is release of haemoglobin which is rapidly converted to unconjugated bilirubin (SBR). The fetus is protected because of placental removal of bilirubin, but following birth the rapidly rising SBR places the baby at risk of kernicterus The incidence of Rhesus isoimmunisation has dramatically declined since the implementation of prophyaxis (treatment of Rh-negative mothers with anti-D antibody following birth of an Rh- positive baby, or in association with miscarriages, termination, ectopic pregnancies and other invasive proceedures). Once very common, we now treat about only 5 cases/year. Factors which increase the risk of kernicterus for a given SBR level include:

34. Kernicterus -- ECureMe.com
    UPDATED SARS INFORMATION,Check health symptoms, make a self diagnosis, ask a doctor or veterinarian online, view an encyclopedia of diseases treatments,  
    http://www.ecureme.com/emyhealth/Pediatrics/Kernicterus.asp
    
    Extractions: DisplayAd("468","60"); eCureMe Life : Your Healthy Living. Click Here! Welcome, eCureMe.com Select a Health Topic ADD/ADHD Allergy Alternative Medicine Arthritis Asthma Beyond Dieting Body Aches and Pains Breast Cancer Cancer Awareness Cardio Health Children's Health Colon Cancer Contraception COPD/Emphysema Dental Health Diabetes Elder Care Emergency Room Epilepsy Erectile Dysfunction Eye Care Fertility Fitness Gastrointestinal Health Glands and Hormones Gynecologic Health Hair Loss Headache Healthcare Today Healthy Aging HIV and AIDS Infectious Diseases Kidney Health Leukemia Liver Health Lung Cancer Lymphoma Multiple Sclerosis Men's Health Mental Health Nutrition Osteoporosis Parkinson's Disease Sexual Health Skin Health Sleep Disorders Special Events Stroke Surgeries and Procedures Teen Health Thyroid Health Urologic Health Vascular Disease Women's Health Workplace Health September 9, 2005 eCureMe Life Healthy Living Shop Medical Supplies Calorie Count ... Hospital Directory

35. ACT To Avoid Kernicterus
    Review what you should do to make sure that your baby with jaundice doesn t develop kernicterus, a form of brain damage.  
    http://pediatrics.about.com/od/newbornsandbabies/a/05_jaundice_alt_2.htm
    
    Extractions: var zLb=1; zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a12' About Pediatrics Pediatrics Essentials ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); Sign Up Now for the Pediatrics newsletter! Jaundice Jaundice Blood Types Breastfeeding Jaundice Your New Baby Babies New Baby Parenting Quiz Feeding Your Baby Breastfeeding Baby Formula Most Popular Height Predictor - How tall will your kids be? Ideal Body Weight Calculator for Kids and Adults Baby Girl Names Baby Boy Names ... Autism Screening Quiz What's Hot Katrina Relief Average Weight Woman Find Flu Shots Coping with a Tragedy ... Kids and Cell Phones adunitCM(150,100,'x55') from The National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities Ask your doctor or nurse about a bilirubin test.

36. KERNICTERUS
    Parents of Infants and Children with kernicterus (PICK). 517 Brentwood Dr. Birmingham, AL 35226. Contact Karen Dixon. (205) 9792021. ktdixon1@home.com  
    http://www.as.wvu.edu/~scidis/organizationK_M.html
    
    Extractions: KERNICTERUS Parents of Infants and Children with Kernicterus (PICK) 517 Brentwood Dr. Birmingham, AL 35226 Contact: Karen Dixon ktdixon1@home.com http://www.bilirubin.net KIDNEY DISEASE, HEREDITARY Hereditary Nephritis Foundation 1390 W. 6690 S. #202H Murray, U 84123 (801) 262-5901 (phone/fax) http://www.cc.utah.edu/~cla6202/HNF.htm -Urologic Disorders -Alport Syndrome KIDNEY DISORDERS American Association of Kidney Patients 106 S. Ashley Dr., Ste. 315 Tampa, FL 33602 (813) 223-0001 (fax) info@aakp.org http://www.aakp.org American Kidney Fund 6110 Executive Blvd., Ste. 1010 Rockville, MD 20852 (301) 881-0898 (fax) helpline@akfinc.org http://www.akfinc.org Spencer Russ, Acting Director Cheo-Research Institute 401 Smith Rd. Ottawa, ON CAN K1H 8L1 (613) 738-4800 (fax) Kidney Foundation of Canada 300-5165 Sherbrooke St. W. Montreal, QC CAN H4A IT6 (514) 369-2472 (fax) kathleen@kidney.ca http://www.kidney.ca National Kidney Foundation 30 E. 33rd St., Ste. 1100 New York, NY 10016 (212) 689-9261 (fax) http://www.kidney.org PKD Foundation Dave Switzer, Marketing/Public Relations Director 4901 Main St., Ste. 200

37. Kernicterus - Definition Of Kernicterus In The Medical Dictionary - By The Free
    Definition of kernicterus in the Medical Dictionary and Thesaurus. kernicterus explanation. Information about kernicterus in Free online English dictionary.  
    http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/kernicterus

38. Kernicterus
    kernicterus is the technical name for the specific form of brain damage due to excessive kernicterus still occurs very rarely, mainly in very tiny,  
    http://www.drhull.com/EncyMaster/K/kernicterus.html
    
    Extractions: Help for sleepless parents Encyclopedia Index K kernicterus Search kernicterus Ordinarily, substances toxic to the brain cells are kept safely bottled up in the bloodstream by the which relates to the fact that the lining cells of the blood vessels of the brain are very selective about what substances they allow to pass from the bloodstream into the brain tissue. Certain toxic substances, and even many drugs, are thus excluded from the brain tissue. bilirubin (the waste product of hemoglobin breakdown from old red blood cells) can harm the brain. This waste product selectively stains and damages the part of the brain known as the basal ganglia. These areas control the fluidity of muscle movement. Kernicterus is the technical name for the specific form of brain damage due to excessive levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream. Because of this dreadful possibility, jaundice in babies is monitored closely. There is no absolute level of jaundice that is guaranteed to be dangerous, but intervention (either phototherapy or exchange transfusion Because the damage inflicted by excessive bilirubin concentrations is directed chiefly against the basal ganglia and other areas of the brain (hippocampus, geniculate bodies, various brainstem nuclei, and the cerebellum) with their crucial role in controlling motor movement - kernicterus was once the leading cause of athetoid (writhing)

39. Nationwide Specialist Kernicterus Medical Malpractice Lawyers
    Advice on kernicterus and medical malpractice settlements from specialist lawyers.  
    http://www.cerebral-palsy.us.com/kernicterus.html
    
    Extractions: C P Lawyers FAQS Symptoms Causes ... United CP Kernicterus Any baby with untreated jaundice is at risk of kernicterus however most babies with jaundice get better by themselves. It is normal for some red blood cells to die everyday and in newborns the liver may not be sufficiently developed to efficiently remove bilirubin. The yellow colour does not hurt the baby's skin, but bilirubin in high concentrations can lead to brain damage. If a baby’s skin is very yellow, then either phototherapy treatment or an exchange transfusion may be necessary to stabilise bilirubin levels and reduce the risk of kernicterus. There are certain recognised risk factors for kernicterus which include: If the baby has a sibling that had jaundice then there is increased risk that the newborn will have jaundice. A baby who has bruises at birth is likely to have jaundice. The healing of large bruises which involves the body processing red blood cells may cause high levels of bilirubin resulting in jaundice which can lead to kernicterus.

40. Kernicterus
    kernicterus is a rare neurological disorder characterized by excessive levels of bilirubin in the blood  
    http://my.webmd.com/hw/raising_a_family/nord233.asp
    
    Extractions: Kernicterus is a rare neurological disorder characterized by excessive levels of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia) during infancy. Bilirubin is an orange-yellow bile pigment that is a byproduct of the natural breakdown of hemoglobin in red blood cells (hemolysis). Toxic levels of bilirubin may accumulate in the brain, potentially resulting in a variety of symptoms and physical findings. These symptoms may include lack of energy (lethargy), poor feeding habits, fever, and vomiting. Affected infants may also experience the absence of certain reflexes (e.g., Moro reflex, etc.); mild to severe muscle spasms including those in which the head and heels are bent backward and the body bows forward (opisthotonus); and/or uncontrolled involuntary muscle movements (spasticity). In some cases, infants with kernicterus may develop life-threatening complications.

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