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Hypoparathyroidism:     more detail

Hypoparathyroidism: Webster's Timeline History, 1941 - 2007 by Icon Group International, 2009-02-20 Parathyroid Disorders: Hyperparathyroidism, Parathyroid gland, Hypoparathyroidism, Parathyroid disease, Secondary hyperparathyroidism Celiac disease occurring in a patient with hypoparathyroidism and autoimmune thyroid disease.(Case Report): An article from: Southern Medical Journal by Hasnain M. Khandwala, Rajni Chibbar, et all 2006-03-01 21st Century Complete Medical Guide to Parathyroid Disorders, Hyperparathyroidism, Hypoparathyroidism, Authoritative Government Documents, Clinical References, ... for Patients and Physicians (CD-ROM) by PM Medical Health News, 2004-06 Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine: Hypoparathyroidism by Jeffrey P. Larson RPT, 2002-01-01 The Psychiatric Aspects of Hypoparathyroidism. ACTA Psychiatrica Scandinavica Supplementum 164, Volume 38 Hypoparathyroidism: An entry from Gale's <i>Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed.</i> by Jeffrey, RPT Larson, 2006 Maori art and pseudo-hypoparathyroidism: A medical contribution to prehistoric anthropology by Anneliese A Pontius, 1973 The psychiatric aspects of hypoparathyroidism, (Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica.Supplementum 164) by Joanne D Denko, 1962

lists with details

41. Hypoparathyroidism
    hypoparathyroidism (follows accidental removal or damage to parathyroid glands Genetics Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism may have a genetic component  
    http://www.5mcc.com/Assets/SUMMARY/TP0463.html

42. Hypoparathyroidism
    hypoparathyroidism, or under functioning of the parathyroid glands, For a few individuals, hypoparathyroidism presents itself at a young age from an  
    http://www.columbiasurgery.org/pat/endo/para_hypo.html
    
    Extractions: Parathyroid Hypoparathyroidism Hypoparathyroidism Hypoparathyroidism results in low blood calcium occurring immediately following parathyroid or thyroid surgery or more chronically in the case of spontaneous hypoparathyroidism. Clinical symptoms include: Diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism is made based on physical examination findings and confirmed by laboratory tests indicating decreased blood calcium levels. PTH levels in chronically low states or suspected postoperative hypoparathyroidism are helpful in both diagnosing the condition and determining the need for ongoing therapy. The treatment options for this disorder include:

43. Hypoparthyroidism
    hypoparathyroidism affects both males and females of all ages. hypoparathyroidism is a rare disorder associated with insufficient production of  
    http://endocrine-disorders.health-cares.net/hypoparathyroidism.php

44. Causes Of Hypoparathyroidism
    Causes of hypoparathyroidism include accidental removal of a parathyroid gland when the thyroid is removed.  
    http://endocrine-disorders.health-cares.net/hypoparathyroidism-causes.php

45. Hypoparathyroidism - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital
    hypoparathyroidism is caused by underactive parathyroid glands. Causes of hypoparathyroidism include accidental removal of a parathyroid gland when the  
    http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/diabetes/hptsm.html
    
    Extractions: Endocrinologists Hypoparathyroidism Hypoparathyroidism is caused by underactive parathyroid glands. Underactive parathyroid glands produce too little parathyroid hormones, which, in turn, causes low levels of calcium in the blood stream. The low levels of calcium lead to tetany, an increased excitability of the nerves. Causes of hypoparathyroidism include accidental removal of a parathyroid gland when the thyroid is removed, or when part of the parathyroid tissue is removed during surgery. Other causes include absent parathyroid glands from birth or the sudden stop of functioning due to unknown reasons (idiopathic). It is often associated with cardiac defects, such as DiGeorge. The following are the most common symptoms of hypoparathyroidism. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:

46. Rural Nurse Organization Clinic Digital Library
    hypoparathyroidism Sensorineural Deafness and Renal Dysplasia Access document. hypoparathyroidismRetardation-Dysmorphism Syndrome; HRD Access document  
    http://ruralnurseorganization-dl.slis.ua.edu/clinical/endocrinology/parathyroid/
    
    Extractions: Clinical Resources by Topic: Endocrinology Hypoparathyroidism Clinical Resources Emergency Pediatrics Geriatrics Radiology ... Miscellaneous Resources See also: The Merck Manual 17th Ed.-1999: Table of contents Medicine, Ob/Gyn, Psychiatry, and Surgery (eMedicine): Table of contents Emergency Medicine Resources See also General Emergency Medicine Resources Pediatrics Resources See also General Pediatrics Resources Geriatrics Resources See also General Geriatrics Resources Merck Manual of Geriatrics: Table of contents Chapter 58. Disorders of Mineral Metabolism

47. What Is Hypoparathyroidism?
    hypoparathyroidism is a condition that develops when the parathyroid In some cases, hypoparathyroidism is a temporary condition that gradually resolves.  
    http://www.thyroid-cancer.net/topics/what is hypoparathyroidism
    
    Extractions: The parathyroid glands are four tiny pea-shaped glands located in the neck. Two of these glands are situated on each side of the neck, lying just underneath each lobe of the thyroid gland. In the normal state, the parathyroid glands produce a hormone called parathyroid hormone, or PTH for short. This PTH helps to regulate the balance of calcium in the body by acting on the bones and kidneys to maintain the calcium in the bloodstream at a fairly consistent level.

48. Hypoparathyroidism / Family Village Library
    The hypoparathyroidism Association is set up to bring patients diagnosed with This list is for discussion of hypoparathyroidism by sufferers,  
    http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/lib_hpt.htm
    
    Extractions: Web: http://www.hypoparathyroidism.org The Hypoparathyroidism Association, Inc. is a voluntary, non-profit organization dedicated to improving the lives of people with all forms of Hypoparathyroidism, a rare medical disorder, by maintaining a worldwide network of family support, and promoting public, as well as professional, awareness of this disorder through a quarterly newsletter and our Web Site. The Hypoparathyroidism Association is set up to bring patients diagnosed with Hypoparathyroidism, their families, professional care givers, and other interested parties together for the purposes of 1) sharing common experiences; 2) offering support and comfort; 3) educating others about the disorder and how it affects lives; 4) serving as a support group, both formal and informal; and 5) putting people in touch with people for the foregoing purposes. HPTH

49. Parathyroid Disease, Parathyroid Glands, Parathyroid Hormone, Thyroid Gland, Hyp
    body for various reasons, which is considered a form of hypoparathyroidism. usually manages a patient with hypoparathyroidism (which causes too low  
    http://www.pediatric-ent.com/learning/problems/parathyroid.htm
    
    Extractions: Parathyroid Disease What are the parathyroid glands? The parathyroid glands are two pair (four in total) of glands that secrete parathyroid hormone. The parathyroid gland, like the THYROID GLAND , is part of the endocrine (gland) system. What is parathyroid hormone? Parathyroid hormone is a substance that helps regulate the amount of calcium in the bloodstream. Calcium is needed to make strong bones and teeth. However, a normal calcium level in the bloodstream is also very important for normal function of muscles and nerves. Parathyroid hormone raises the amount of calcium in the bloodstream by removing calcium from bones, by increasing the amount of calcium taken from the diet, and by decreasing the amount of calcium excreted in the urine. Where are the parathyroid glands located? The parathyroid glands are located behind the two lobes of the THYROID GLAND in the neck. What problems can develop with the parathyroid gland?

50. Hypoparathyroidism - Patient UK
    hypoparathyroidism Patient UK. A directory of UK health, disease, illness and related medical websites that provide patient information.  
    http://www.patient.co.uk/showdoc/40000942/
    
    Extractions: PatientPlus articles are written for doctors and so the language can be technical. However, some people find that they add depth to the articles found in the other sections of this website which are written for non-medical people. This rare condition occurs where there are inadequate or ineffective levels of parathyroid hormone. Causes include: Destruction of parathyroid glands – auto-immune, infiltration (Sarcoid, Wilson's Disease Haemochromatosis , neoplasia) Iatrogenic - surgical (commonest cause), radiotherapy Congenital failure of parathyroid development eg: parathyroid aplasia, DiGeorge syndrome (thymus and parathyroid gland dysgenesis), Familial autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I (APS I). Suppression of PTH secretion – magnesium deficiency (eg secondary to pancreatitis, drugs: aminoglycosides, loop diuretics, cisplatin, amphotericin B), hypermagnesaemia , faulty calcium receptor, direct drug effects (not via hypomagnesemia: aluminium, asparagine, cimetidine, cytosine, doxorubicin, arabinoside) Failure of PTH action – pseudohypoparathyroidism (pseudo-pseudo- hypoparathyroidism has features of pseudohypoparathyroidism, but with normal biochemistry).

51. Hypoparathyroidism - Patient UK
    hypoparathyroidism. Related pages. PatientPlus. hypoparathyroidism. Other Useful resources. Pictures, diagrams, photos, images, etc.  
    http://www.patient.co.uk/showdoc/884/
    
    Extractions: Top of Page Further services Need an operation but on a waiting list ? Are you considering having it done privately but are not insured? Find the best prices for your operation Next of Kin . In an emergency, alerts paramedics with your vital medical or allergy information. Plus immediate contact with your family or next of kin. Health Insurance . Visit the Patient UK finance channel for quotes on health insurance and other financial products such as mortgages, life insurance, etc. Shopping . Visit the Patient UK Shopping Channel for a range of health and beauty products, gifts, electrical goods, and much more.

52. Hypoparathyroidism
    hypoparathyroidism hypoparathyroidism may be caused by damage to or removal hypoparathyroidism Short description of hypo and hyper- parathyroidism.  
    http://www.reference.com/Dir/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/H/Hypoparathyroidism

53. Hypoparathyroidism Definition - Medical Dictionary Definitions Of Popular Medica
    Online Medical Dictionary and glossary with medical definitions.  
    http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=23921

54. Hypoparathyroidism - Wheeless' Textbook Of Orthopaedics
    most common cause of hypoparathyroidism is inadvertant damage or removal of the congenital hypoparathyroid late onset hypoparathyroidism from other  
    http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/hypoparathyroidism

55. Hypoparathyroidism
    hypoparathyroidism Rarely, hypoparathyroidism is a side effect of radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism. PTH secretion may be impaired when  
    http://www.lifespan.org/ADAM/English/HIE/000385.htm
    
    Extractions: Other ways to give Injury Disease Nutrition Poison ... Prevention Hypoparthyroidism is a deficiency of parathyroid hormone that causes abnormal metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. Causes Calcium and phosphorus are important body minerals. They form the mineral component of bones, and they exist as charged particles called ions in the blood and inside cells. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates the amount of calcium and phosphorus in bone and blood. The four small parathyroid glands located in the neck, behind the thyroid, make PTH. Hypoparathyroidism is the clinical condition caused by a lack of PTH. Blood calcium levels fall, and phosphorus levels rise. Low blood calcium levels may cause symptoms such as tingling of the lips, fingers, and toes, and muscle cramps or spasms. The most common cause of hypoparathyroidism is injury to the parathyroid glands during head and neck surgery. Rarely, hypoparathyroidism is a side effect of radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism . PTH secretion may be impaired when blood levels of magnesium are low or when blood pH is too high, a condition called metabolic alkalosis.

56. Hypoparathyroidism : Epilepsy.com/Professionals
    Epilepsy and seizure diagnosis, treatment, and information for Professionals.  
    http://professionals.epilepsy.com/page/metadis_hypoparathyroid.html
    
    Extractions: Search epilepsy.com/professionals: WHO IS EPILEPSY.COM DONATE PROFESSIONAL FORUM CO-EXISTING DISORDERS ... RESOURCE LIBRARY Hypoparathyroidism Co-Existing Disorders Metabolic Disorders Hypoparathyroidism Author: SC Schachter and MR Lopez The differential diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism includes: idiopathic hypoparathyroidism, in which the parathyroids are absent or atrophied. This condition occurs sporadically or in association with genetic autoimmune syndromes or DiGeorge syndrome (2) pseudohypoparathyroidism, in which bone and kidney tissue are unresponsive to parathyroid hormone (PTH) (3) damage or accidental removal of parathyroid glands during thyroidectomy. Transient hypoparathyroidism and hypocalcemia from subtotal thyroidectomy are common, but permanent hypoparathyroidism is a rare complication of thyroid surgery. Seizures occur in up to 70% of patients with symptomatic hypoparathyroidism. Parkinsonism, dystonia, hemiballismus, choreoathetosis, and oculogyric crises occur in 5–10% of patients with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism, but are less common in patients with surgical hypoparathyroidism or other causes of hypocalcemia.

57. Hypoparathyroidism
    hypoparathyroidism is a condition characterized by insufficient production of parathyroid hormones by  
    http://webcenter.health.webmd.netscape.com/hw/hormonal_disorders/nord703.asp

58. Hypoparathyroidism - Alegent Health Serving Eastern Nebraska And Southwest Iowa
    hypoparathyroidism courtesy of Alegent Health serving eastern Nebraska and southwest Iowa - Council Bluffs, Iowa - Corning, Iowa - Missouri Valley,  
    http://www.alegent.com/12637.cfm
    
    Extractions: Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Calcium and phosphorus are important body minerals. They form the mineral component of bones, and they exist as charged particles called ions in the blood and inside cells. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates the amount of calcium and phosphorus in bone and blood. The four small parathyroid glands located in the neck, behind the thyroid, make PTH. Hypoparathyroidism is the clinical condition caused by a lack of PTH. Blood calcium levels fall, and phosphorus levels rise. Low blood calcium levels may cause symptoms such as tingling of the lips, fingers, and toes, and muscle cramps or spasms. The most common cause of hypoparathyroidism is injury to the parathyroid glands during head and neck surgery. Rarely, hypoparathyroidism is a side effect of radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism . PTH secretion may be impaired when blood levels of magnesium are low or when blood pH is too high, a condition called metabolic alkalosis.

59. Hypoparathyroidism
    National network. Founded 1994. Dedicated to improving the lives of people with all forms of hypoparathyroidism,  
    http://my.webmd.com/hw/kidney_failure/shc29hyt.asp
    
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60. Clinical Trial: Treatment Of Hypoparathyroidism With Synthetic Human Parathyroid
    The conventional treatment for hypoparathyroidism, is associated with chronic increased levels The therapeutic approach to hypoparathyroidism. Am J Med.  
    http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/gui/show/NCT00001304
    
    Extractions: Verified by National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC) November 2, 2004 Sponsored by: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Information provided by: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC) ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: Purpose The conventional treatment for hypoparathyroidism, is associated with chronic increased levels of calcium in the urine (hypercalciuria) due to the kidney's inability to retain calcium. This side effect usually occurs even while maintaining the level of calcium in the blood at a normal range. As a result the kidneys may become damaged due to calcium deposits (nephrocalcinosis) and work ineffectively (renal insufficiency). This study will compare the long term effects of twice-daily injections of parathyroid hormone (PTH) with twice-daily doses of oral calcitriol in patients with hypoparathyroidism. Researchers believe, based on previous studies, that injections of PTH will provide better control of hypoparathyroidism. In addition, PTH appears to avoid the side effects typically associated with conventional therapy for hypoparathyroidism.

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