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Blepharospasm:     more detail

Blepharospasm: Webster's Timeline History, 1869 - 2007 by Icon Group International, 2010-03-10 The Official Patient's Sourcebook on Benign Essential Blepharospasm: A Revised and Updated Directory for the Internet Age by Icon Health Publications, 2002-10 Blepharospasm - A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References by ICON Health Publications, 2004-09-03 Treating the Psychological Consequences of Blepharospasm with Relaxation and Hypnosis by Elizabeth Evans, 1991 The Official Patient's Sourcebook on Blepharospasm: A Directory for the Internet Age by Icon Health Publications, 2005-01-30 Blepharospasm: An entry from Thomson Gale's <i>Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders</i> by Richard Robinson, 2005 Blepharospasm And Related Disorders: A Historical Review Of Etiology And Treatment (Advances In Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Volume 4) The Neurotic Constitution: Outlines of a Comparative Individualistic Psychology and Psychotherapy, by Alfred Adler, 1930 BLEPHAROSPASM Volume 4 in the series ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMIC PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY by Stephen L and Byron C Smith (Editors) BOSNIAK, 1985-01-01 Case of Intense and Long-Continued Photophobia and Blepharospasm, Relieved by the Inhalation of Chloroform. by William MacKenzie, 1857 Blepharospasm & Related Disorders by Stephen L Bosniak, 1985 Blepharospasm: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, And Annotated Research Guide To Internet References by Icon Health Publications, 1980 Blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia syndrome (Brueghel's syndrome). A variant of adult-onset torsion dystonia? by C. D Marsden, 1976

lists with details

1. BEBRF Blepharospasm Pages - Dystonia, Blepharospasm, Meige Syndrome, Publication
   blepharospasm is a condition in which there is sustained, forced, involuntary closing of the eyelids. Initial symptoms, cause and treatment are discussed.  
   http://www.blepharospasm.org/
   
   Extractions: What's New Contents of the Blepharospasm Pages Blepharo means "eyelid". Spasm means "uncontrolled muscle contraction". The term blepharospasm ['blef-a-ro-spaz-m] can be applied to any abnormal blinking or eyelid tic or twitch resulting from any cause, ranging from dry eyes to Tourette's syndrome to tardive dyskinesia. The blepharospasm referred to here is officially called benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) to distinguish it from the less serious secondary blinking disorders. "Benign" indicates the condition is not life threatening, and "essential" is a medical term meaning "of unknown cause". It is both a cranial and a focal dystonia. Cranial refers to the head and focal indicates confinement to one part. The word dystonia describes abnormal involuntary sustained muscle contractions and spasms. Patients with blepharospasm have normal eyes. The visual disturbance is due solely to the forced closure of the eyelids.

2. Blepharospasm
   Information about blepharospasm, and details of surgical options at the Institute.  
   http://www.steen-hall.com/bspasm.html
   
   Extractions: Blepharospasm is a common term for conditions that are medically known as Benign Essential Blepharospasm and Essential Blepharospasm. A blepharospasm is defined as "a chronic, unremitting, bilateral, variably progressive dysfunction of the nerve that controls the muscles around the eye." It manifests itself as an uncontrollable, forcible closure of the eyelids. It often affects both eyes at once, but it can also affect only one eye. In some cases, other muscles in the face can twitch as well, especially around the cheek and brow. Severe blepharospasm can cause the eyelids to be forcibly closed for a duration longer than the typical blink reflex, causing a variable interruption in the ability to see.

3. Blepharospasm Support Groups - Charlotte, NC - SupportWorks
   SupportWorks directory of support groups and other resources in Charlotte, NC addressing blepharospasm.  
   http://www.supportworks.org/cat829.htm
   
   Extractions: ONLINE MECK CAT 829 BLEPHAROSPASM Scroll down to browse, or click your choice below: Support groups in Mecklenburg County (NC) Nonprofit agencies in Mecklenburg County (NC0 ... to search beyond this page SECTION 1: Support groups in Mecklenburg County The Blepharospasm Support Group Click for overview of Blepharospasm resources SECTION 2: Nonprofit agencies in Mecklenburg County United Way 2-1-1 (Information and Referral Services) (138, all) The Health Library of Presbyterian Hospital Matthews The friendly staff at this full service library can help you research any medical topic using their up-to-date computers, databases, journals and books. No previous research experience or medical knowledge is required.

4. BEBRF Blepharospasm Pages - Dystonia, Blepharospasm, Meige
   blepharospasm is a condition in which there is sustained, forced, involuntary closing of the eyelids. Initial symptoms, cause and treatment are  
   http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. Blepharospasm Bulletin Board
   Re Life Insurance and blepharospasm? Lynn Yarbrough ( 07/28/2005, 173549 ). Re Life Insurance and blepharospasm? - judith k ( 07/28/2005,  
   http://www.blepharospasm.org/forums/beb/
   
   Extractions: blurry vision esp at night CammyB Tucson Support Group Steph in Tucson Tinted glasses have been a help Elsea Chase What kinds of work can BEBers still do - or change to? Marilee Re: What kinds of work can BEBers still do - or change to? Lynn Yarbrough a different question...Re: What kinds of work can BEBers still do - or change to?

6. Benign Essential Blepharospasm / Family Village Library
   Information, who to contact, where to go to chat with others and links from Family Village.  
   http://familyvillage.wisc.edu/lib_beb.htm
   
   Extractions: Web: http://www.blepharospasm.org/ The Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation has a mission to promote, develop and carry on the search for the cause and a cure for Benign Essential Blepharospasm and other related disorders and infirmities of the facial musculature. The Foundation publishes a bi-monthly newsletter and has pamphlets and patient packets available at no charge. They have a video Lending Library available for no charge. What is blepharospasm? Blepharospasm Benign Essential Blepharospasm Information Page

7. Blepharospasm
   Information about blepharospasm, and details of surgical options at the Institute.  
   http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. COX.net For Phoenix
   Explanations of these three disorders, as to what they are and the symptoms.  
   http://www.accessarizona.com/community/groups/azbebrf/What_is_blepharospas.html
   
   Extractions: Top Story Tropical Storm Becomes Hurricane Off Fla. Tropical Storm Ophelia strengthened into a hurricane as it stalled 70 miles off the northeast Florida coast Thursday, churning waves that caused beach erosion and drenching Kennedy Space Center. Full Story >> National News >> ... Video News From the Associated Press >> Local News Cox Community Information Support hurricane relief efforts We've all been astounded by the devastating impact Hurricane Katrina has had on the communities and people along the Gulf Coast. Cox Communications, in partnership with Valley of the Sun United Way, wants our customers to know how they can help. Simply go to www.vsuw.org, and make a monetary contribution directly to The Salvation Army, American Red Cross, or United Way Hurricane Katrina Response funds. Thank you for your continued support of our local community and for your support of our Gulf Coast neighbors! Join John McEnroe and Tracy Austin for their coverage of the U.S. Open Tennis Championships through Sept. 11! Secure and automatic payments allow you to pay your Cox bill effortlessly. ... Listen to MTV2 Radio, download the latest music videos and more! Weather Phoenix, Arizona

9. Benign Essential Blepharospasm Information Page National
   Information about Benign Essential blepharospasm from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Includes description  
   http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. DMRF: Forms Of Dystonia: Blepharospasm
    blepharospasm is a focal dystonia characterized by increased blinking and People with blepharospasm have normal vision. Visual disturbance is due solely  
    http://www.dystonia-foundation.org/defined/bleph.asp
    
    Extractions: Blepharospasm affects the eye muscles and usually begins gradually with excessive blinking and/or eye irritation. In the early stages it may only occur with specific precipitating stressors, such as bright lights, fatigue, and emotional tension. It is almost always present in both eyes. As the condition progresses, it occurs frequently during the day. The spasms disappear in sleep, and some people find that after a good night's sleep, spasms do not appear for several hours after waking. In a few cases, spasms may intensify so that the eyelids remain forcefully closed for several hours at a time. Blepharospasm can occur with dystonia affecting the mouth and/or jaw (oromandibular dystonia, Meige's syndrome). In such cases, spasms of the eyelids are accompanied by jaw clenching or mouth opening, grimacing, and tongue protrusion. If blepharospasm causes any type of impairment, it is because muscle contractions interfere with normal function. Features such as cognition, strength, and the senses, including vision and hearing, are normal. While dystonia is not fatal, it is a chronic disorder and prognosis is difficult to predict.

11. Dystonia Medical Research Foundation: Home Page
    Research and educational resource on the movement disorder dystonia blepharospasm, spasmodic torticollis, spasmodic dysphonia, writer's cramp.  
    http://www.dystonia-foundation.org/

12. Dystonia Medical Research Foundation Home Page
    Research and educational resource on the movement disorder dystonia blepharospasm, spasmodic torticollis, spasmodic dysphonia, writer's cramp.  
    http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

13. Blepharospasm Resource Guide [NEI Health Information]
    To order blepharospasm Resource Guide visit our online catalogNew! blepharospasm is an abnormal, involuntary blinking or spasm of the eyelids.  
    http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/blepha/index.asp
    
    Extractions: Text size: S M L Health Funding News Laboratories ... Health Information Blepharospasm Related Topics: On this page: The information provided in this Resource Guide was developed by the National Eye Institute (NEI) to help patients and their families search for general information about blepharospasm . An eye care professional who has examined the patient's eyes and is familiar with his or her medical history is the best person to answer specific questions. Other Names Benign essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm. What is Blepharospasm? Blepharospasm is an abnormal, involuntary blinking or spasm of the eyelids. What causes Blepharospasm? Blepharospasm is associated with an abnormal function of the basal ganglion from an unknown cause. The basal ganglion is the part of the brain responsible for controlling the muscles. In rare cases, heredity may play a role in the development of blepharospasm. What are the symptoms of Blepharospasm?

14. The Cosmetic Eyelid And Facial Rejuvenation Center
    Cosmetic eyelid surgery by Joseph A. Mauriello, Jr, MD. About oculoplastic surgery, orbital surgery, Botox and blepharospasm. Located in Summit.  
    http://www.eyelidmd.net/

15. DMRF Forms Of Dystonia Blepharospasm
    blepharospasm should not be confused with Related Questions What is the difference between facial tic and blepharospasm?  
    http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

16. EMedicine - Blepharospasm, Benign Essential : Article By Stanley M Saulny, MD
    blepharospasm, Benign Essential The first record of blepharospasm and lower facial spasm was found in the 16th century in a painting titled De Gaper.  
    http://www.emedicine.com/OPH/topic202.htm
    
    Extractions: (advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Ophthalmology Lid Last Updated: August 8, 2005 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: BEB, essential blepharospasm AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 10 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Stanley M Saulny, MD , Fellow, Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute Stanley M Saulny, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology American Medical Writers Association , and American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery Editor(s): Ron W Pelton, MD, PhD , Consulting Staff, Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital; Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD , Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine; Mark T Duffy, MD, PhD Lance L Brown, OD, MD , Ophthalmologist, Regional Eye Center, Affiliated With Freeman Hospital and St John's Hospital, Joplin, Missouri; and Hampton Roy, Sr, MD

17. WE MOVE - Worldwide Education And Awareness For Movement Disorders
    Education materials on movement disorders.  
    http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

18. Canadian Support Group For Blepharospasm And Meige Sufferers
    blepharospasm is a condition in which there is forced, sustained, involuntary closing of the eyelids. Symptoms, cause and treatment are discussed.  
    http://www.blepharospasm.ca/index.shtml
    
    Extractions: The Benign Essential Blepharospasm Canadian Research Foundation Inc. (BEBCRF) provides this site for your use. These pages are intended to provide information and not to advocate particular treatment options. For treatment, readers must consult their physician. The term blepharospasm ['blef-a-ro-spaz-m] can be applied to a forced, sustained, and, involuntary closure of the eyelids. It stems from a number of causes, beginning with dry eyes, and, may progress to a state where the person is "legally blind". The blepharospasm referred to here is officially called Benign Essential Blepharospasm (BEB). "Benign" indicates the condition is not life threatening, and "essential" is a medical term meaning "of unknown cause". The psychological impact of BEB can be tremendous. Patients often feel their physicians do not believe their symptoms are uncontrolled and, therefore, may see several physicians before the proper diagnosis is made. It is not unusual for a patient to be initially seen by a physician who is unaware of this disease and refers them for psychiatric evaluation. They are generally greatly relieved when they are finally told they have a real disease and that some treatment is available. It is extremely important for patients to understand their disease process. Patients generally learn their own coping techniques which can be shared with others at support group meetings. At present there is no cure for Essential Blepharospasm and related dystonia. Systemic medications help some patients. Debilitating spasms, however, continue in most cases, rendering patients functionally blind. Botulinum A toxin injection is the best temporary therapy and myectomy is the best long term therapy.

19. Meige's Syndrome
    Meige's Syndrome is a form of dystonia in which there is blinking and chin thrusting. The condition and its treatment are described by George W. Paulson, M.D.  
    http://www.blepharospasm.org/meige.html
    
    Extractions: Columbus, Ohio Web page created on December 13, 1997 Henri Meige described in 1904 what is now commonly called oral facial dystonia. There is some variation in what has been described since in what has been called Meige's syndrome, but in all descriptions there is blinking and chin thrusting. Some patients have lip pursing or tongue movements and, for a few, the movements spread into the shoulders. The cause remains obscure, treatment less than ideal, and frustration is a major factor as it is with blepharospasm. Many physicians, even regarding the more common essential blepharospasm, may have had no experience with Meige's syndrome and the patient may be told the process is psychologic. It is not. There are some similar conditions related to medication effects, for example, the mouth movement seen when excessive levodopa is present in patients with Parkinson's disease. Tardive dyskinesia, the movements that can follow prolonged use of major tranquilizers, can be associated with mouth and tongue movements. Some normal, elderly individuals develop spontaneous mouthing or chewing movements. Meige is more than and different from any of these other mouth movements. Blinking forcefully is often a part of it as is grimacing and the chin thrusting forward. At times there is a joint interactive movement between the oral movements and the eye movements. The patients are more likely to be women than men and usually at middle age or beyond. There is, as in all neurologic conditions, some variation with stress, but the movement is present at rest and with activity and when with others or alone. As with almost all movement disorders, it disappears in sleep.

20. ST Dystonia - Spasmodic Torticollis
    Help for people with Dystonia / Spasmodic Torticollis, to become improved human beings through our lifeline of benefits, including our 20 page  
    http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

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