41. Yezidis And Yezidism Remarkably, the believers and supporters of yezidism are exclusively Kurds. In accordance with yezidism the sun, fire, water, air and moon are the most http://www.nadir.org/nadir/initiativ/kurdi-almani-kassel/kultur/yeziden/yezidism

KurdishMedia.com The Yezidis and Yezidism By KonKurd 4 March 2002 Foreword It is well known that Yezidism, or Zoroastrianism, being one of the oldest religions of the Middle East, has greatly influenced the history of mankind. The truth, always evident from old and new books alike, is that this religious culture was alive and dominant there as early as in the years between 1000 and 600 BC. By analysing the elements of Zoroastrianism, which could be described as experiencing Renaissance, we come to the conclusion that it represents a deep interrelation between mankind and nature. The spiritual and physical conditions of Zoroaster himself, as well as his role as the leader of the religious movement, demonstrate that he was a philosopher rather than a prophet. Doubtless, the Renaissance of Zoroastrianism, as it has often been the case with other cultural movements, has largely been based on social structure and apparent shortcomings, characteristic of the regional reality. It might propose answers to the questions of interrelationships between Man and Eternity, not only for the Kurdish people, who once were a powerful factor in the Middle East, but also to other peoples who accepted Zoroastrianism as a basic religious system. Since developed in Kurdistan and since being the principal religion of the whole Kurdish nation, it is only logical that all the religious literature, prayers and teaching were conducted in the Kurdish language. As a particular and important case, the two Holy Books "Zend Avesta and Meshef Roj" are composed in Kurdish.

42. The Yezidis (Ezidis) And Yezidism - Humanrights.de It is well known that yezidism, or Zoroastrianism, being one of the oldest The policy of the states dividing Kurdistan aimed at destroying yezidism and http://www.humanrights.de/doc_en/archiv/k/kurdistan/yezid.html

Info Kontakt Search Home Lang: English Deutsch Español Italian Country: Home Sri Lanka Togo Nigeria Kurdistan Irak USA Kolumbien Ambazonia British Cameroon Indien Iran Kamerun Mexico Nepal Peru Sierra Leone Syrien Tamil Eelam all Urgent Campaigns Background Links Archive Search Information by Topic Country Info Kontakt Impressum Home Archive Archived Documents This part of the Website is not constantly maintainced any longer. Documents can lead to missing links and the drop-down selection of your favourite language does not work. To: The UN Officials The Yezidis (Ezidis) and Yezidism Foreword It is well known that Yezidism, or Zoroastrianism, being one of the oldest religions of the Middle East, has greatly influenced the history of mankind. The truth, always evident from old and new books alike, is that this religious culture was alive and dominant there as early as in the years between 1000 and 600 BC. By analysing the elements of Zoroastrianism, which could be described as experiencing Renaissance, we come to the conclusion that it represents a deep interrelation between mankind and nature. The spiritual and physical conditions of Zoroaster himself, as well as his role as the leader of the religious movement, demonstrate that he was a philosopher

43. New Page 1 Book yezidism. From Early Millenia , St Petersburg, 2005, Articles 15 articles and theses in scientific journals; 5 articles in newspapers and Internet. http://www.w-z-o.org/seminar2005.htm

The World Zoroastrian Organisation 135 TENNISON ROAD, SOUTH NORWOOD, LONDON SE25 5NF VISIT OUR WEBSITE www.w-z-o.org WZO’s 2005 Seminar on Zoroastrian Religion, History and Culture Held in association with the World Zarathushtrian Trust Fund At the International Students House, 229 Gt. Portland Street, London W1N 5HD (nearest Underground station: Gt. Portland Street) Sunday 5 th June 2005 .00 am Registration and coffee 10.25 am Welcome and opening address by Mr Sam Bhiwandiwalla, Chairman of WZO 10.30 am Morning Session commences Speaker : Dr Khosro Khazai Chairperson: Shahpur F Captain Misunderstanding” Praised and venerated passionately for about 1000 years as the highest symbol of knowledge by almost all the ancient Greek and Roman philosophers, Zarathustra was severely demonized from the 6th century by the Church in Europe as the Father of Dualism, rejecting with him all the Persian doctrines and those of rivals. This situation changed in the 14th century, the beginning of the European renaissance and the search for a new cultural reference and a new identity. In this new context the interest in Zoroastrianism was reborn in Europe. The main interest for this among European intellectuals was that they thought they had found a weapon against the church: for them the church no longer held a monopoly over the truth. They felt that Zarathustra could bring a new light and anew instrument in their fight.

44. Society Religion And Spirituality Zoroastrianism Yezidism - Society Religion And MINELRELL Archive (08101999-094755-12046)Fwd First World Conference On yezidism. Reply-To minelres-l@riga.lv Sender minelres-l@riga.lv From MINELRES moderator minelres@mailbox.riga.lv Date http://www.abc.net/directory/Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Zoroastrianism/Ye

HOME DIRECTORY META SEARCH NEWS ... World Search: search the entire directory search this category only Top Society Zoroastrianism Yezidism See also: Society: Ethnicity: Asian: Middle Eastern: Kurdish: Society and Culture This category in other languages: German Kurdish CCC33 - Yezidi Source Project - A Jalwah from the Black Book. Describes the early origin myths as well as various taboos. Eyes of Malek - Journey into the eyes of Malek Taus, a page dedicated to the birth of a legend. Gertrude Bell Diaries - Many diary entries from Gertrude Bell, which includes reference to the Yezidi in them. Selections from The Sacred Books and Traditions of the Yezidiz - A brief overview of some of the Yezidi beliefs. The Yezidi - A detailed article with cited sources on the Yezidi and their religion. Yezidi Creation Myths - Origin and creation myths from the Mishaf Resh, or Black Book. The Yezidi Kurds: Wolf at the door - Some specific aspects of religion discussed in this article, but mainly an editorial on the Yezidi inhabitations and way of life. Yezidi Religion and Society - Brief article on beliefs, practices, and history.

45. Robert Lindsay a tendency which may result in the end of yezidism with time. yezidism shares many things with Zoroastrianism, and some commenters regard it as either a http://robertlindsay.blogspot.com/

@import url("http://www.blogger.com/css/blog_controls.css"); @import url("http://www.blogger.com/dyn-css/authorization.css?blogID=7275705"); @import url(http://www.blogger.com/css/navbar/main.css); @import url(http://www.blogger.com/css/navbar/1.css); Notify Blogger about objectionable content. What does this mean? BlogThis! Robert Lindsay Independent Left Journalist From California Wednesday, September 07, 2005 For starters, let's have a 'reality show' that's really about reality I don't hate the Jews, I hate everyone published in February on this site, was one of the most widely read and linked articles to have appeared on this blog so far. It's been read over 2000 times so far. Although it was published 7 months ago, I continue to get hits for it to this day, and it is still being linked. Hotly controversial, the piece was vilified by many as anti-Semitic, while others praised it as anti-racist. This dual view of the piece was exemplified by a spate of recent Indymedia posts of the article. Some of the commenters praised it as an anti-racist piece, and it was filed under "Anti-Racism" at one Indymedia site. Of course, that is how the piece was intended. On another Indymedia site, it was attacked as "racist garbage" (probably by a Jewish commenter) and it was placed in the Hidden category as a violation of the terms of the site.

46. Yezidism directory.virtek.com/Directory/Society/Religion_an De Yezidi van GeorgiëThe religious centre of yezidism is Lalish, which is in nothern Irak near the city of Many essays about yezidism have been written by non Yezidis, http://www.ebroadcast.com.au/dir/Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Zoroastrianis

SEARCH GUIDE NEWS AUSTRALIAN TV GUIDE DVD RENTALS ... Zoroastrianism : Yezidism An absolutely brilliant resource for those researching religion and spirituality. CCC33 - Yezidi Source Project A Jalwah from the Black Book. Describes the early origin myths as well as various taboos. Eyes of Malek Journey into the eyes of Malek Taus, a page dedicated to the birth of a legend. Gertrude Bell Diaries Many diary entries from Gertrude Bell, which includes reference to the Yezidi in them. Selections from The Sacred Books and Traditions of the Yezidiz A brief overview of some of the Yezidi beliefs. The Yezidi A detailed article with cited sources on the Yezidi and their religion. Yezidi Creation Myths Origin and creation myths from the Mishaf Resh, or Black Book. The Yezidi Kurds: Wolf at the door Some specific aspects of religion discussed in this article, but mainly an editorial on the Yezidi inhabitations and way of life. Yezidi Religion and Society Brief article on beliefs, practices, and history. The Yezidis before Sheihk-Adi A historical analysis of Yezidism. In text format.

47. Religious - Other Alternative Religions profiles yezidism (Alevism). al-Hallaj in Kurdish Tradition. By Dr. Zurab Aloian. From www.LALISH.com. http://learning.lib.vt.edu/slav/relig_other.html

Slavic, East European, and Former USSR Resources Religion - Other Religious Organizations OTHER RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS AND GROUPS WEB SITES : Sites with Collective or Generalized Information of Other Religious Organizations and Groups Not Included Elsewhere. General sites arranged first, and then sites arranged by country or locality. Table of Contents The Druze Yârsânism Yezidi Zoroastrian ... Information on the Alewis, Alevis, etc, is mainly here and also here Alevism. A majority of the Dimila Kurds of Anatolia Note: Three of the above religions descend from an ancient religion known as the "Cult of Angels". Only three branches of the Cult of Angels have survived from ancient times. They are Yezidism Alevism , and Yârsânism (also known as Aliullâhi or Ahl-i Haq) GENERAL AND SPECIFIC DRUZE SITES Druzenet . From www.druzenet.org. Druse, Druze, Mowahhidoon

48. Www.programosy.pl/pol/index.php/Society/Religion_a directory.derkeiler.com/Top/Society/Religion_and_S www.seekmeup.com/directory/Society/Religion_and_Sp The Arcane Archive yezidism Not a Religion?However, he stated that Yezidis are a separate nation as yezidism cannot be considered the name of the religion only, because no nation in the world is http://www.programosy.pl/pol/index.php/Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Zoroast

Warning : fopen(./cache/Society_Religion_and_Spirituality_Zoroastrianism_Yezidism_.txt): failed to open stream: Brak dostêpu in /home/mati/domains/programosy.pl/public_html/pol/includes/classes.inc.php on line Warning /home/mati/domains/programosy.pl/public_html/pol/includes/classes.inc.php on line Warning /home/mati/domains/programosy.pl/public_html/pol/includes/classes.inc.php on line Warning : fopen(./cache/Society_Religion_and_Spirituality_Zoroastrianism_Yezidism_.txt): failed to open stream: Nie ma takiego pliku ani katalogu in /home/mati/domains/programosy.pl/public_html/pol/includes/classes.inc.php on line Warning /home/mati/domains/programosy.pl/public_html/pol/includes/classes.inc.php on line Warning /home/mati/domains/programosy.pl/public_html/pol/includes/classes.inc.php on line Warning : Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/mati/domains/programosy.pl/public_html/pol/includes/classes.inc.php:84) in /home/mati/domains/programosy.pl/public_html/pol/index.php on line Top Society Zoroastrianism Yezidism ... ¦ci±gi,¶ci±ga,referaty

49. Yezidism - Its Background, Observances And Textual Tradition Archives St. Petersburg TimesAlthough it is rooted in nature, yezidism has similarities to Judaism, In Islam there is a God and also a devil, but in yezidism we don t have any term http://www.mellenpress.com/mellenpress.cfm?bookid=1585&pc=9

50. Gene Expression: Now Yezidi, Now You Don't yezidism, like Coptic Christianity, is one of the only religious relicts in the Middle East to have survived the rise of Islam. http://www.gnxp.com/MT2/archives/002776.html

Gene Expression Front Page September 25, 2004 Now Yezidi, now you don't Tha Beeb has posted an eight-image photo journal about the Yezidis (i.e. Kurds who resisted conversion to the religion of their Muslim conquerors). BBC News Yezidis are an ancient, pre-Islamic sect of uncertain origin. LexicOrient Researches [ sic ] believe that the Yazidi creed has elements from Zoroastrianism, Manicheism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Justin Huggler, "Hell's Angels", The Independent , 2003 November 29. The Yezidi believe that after man's creation, God ordered the angels to pray for Adam, but that one angel refused - there is a similar belief in Islam. Their problems have been compounded by the widely accepted belief that Yezidism was a sect that split from Islam - which makes them apostates in the eyes of many Muslims. The Yezidi deny that their religion is an offshoot of Islam - they say it is centuries old and predates Christianity. In all likelihood, the story of the angel's refusal was transmitted from Yezidism to Islam or, at least, from a common antecedent, than the other way round. I'd want to drag my copy of The Origin of Satan by Elaine Pagels out of storage before I go into greater detail.

51. Registan.net » Yezidi As this description of yezidism suggests, it’s best to say no one is exactly yezidism is an enigma that has confounded scholars and incited debate for http://www.registan.net/?p=3801

52. The Sydney Morning Herald yezidism is a valid religion, and at the time when people were being forced In fact yezidism has two main books of revelation, written 1000 years ago http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/07/25/1059084215461.html

@import url("http://smh.com.au/css/smh.css"); @import url("http://fdimages.fairfax.com.au/cui/netstrip-20050427.css"); NEWS MYCAREER DOMAIN DRIVE ... register Register now - It's FREE! Already registered? Login below if you have a Fairfax Digital username, or have registered for The Sydney Morning Herald, The Age, RugbyHeaven, or Realfooty. Username: Password: Forgotten your password? Note! You do not need to login every time you visit, provided your browser accepts cookies. More About registration: Why register? Help-FAQ's Contact us Not yet registered? You are now required to register for full access to The Sydney Morning Herald. Please fill out the short form below to register. Contact us if you are blind or vision impaired. Indicates required information Step 1: Create your account Create a Username: Minimum 4 characters. No spaces allowed. You can use your email address. Create a Password: Minimum 4 characters. No spaces allowed. Case sensitive (a is different from A) Confirm Password: Email Address: You will not be spammed as a result of registering with us. More Email Format: HTML (with graphics) Plain Text Step 2: Tell us about yourself First Name: Last Name: Age Range: Please select Under 18 65 and over Gender: Female Male Region: Please select Australia New Zealand (incl. Pacific Islands)

53. Yazidi - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia soc.culture.bulgaria (date) Guentcho Skordev, 1515; Re yezidism (Alevism), Ilgaz Ocal, 1329; Re Nova moda, NMKostoff, 0853; yezidism (Alevism), Alistair_Sim, 0725 http://www.voyager.in/Yezidism

Voyager Main Page About Help / Contact us ... Log in The Free Encyclopedia Categories Ethnic groups of the Middle East Kurds Iranian peoples ... Printable version Yazidi (Redirected from Yezidism The Yezidi or Yazidi (Kurdish; Êzidî ) are adherents of a small Middle Eastern religion with ancient origins. They are primarily ethnic Kurds , and most Yazidis live near Mosul Iraq with smaller communities in Syria Turkey Iran Georgia and Armenia , and are estimated to number ca. 500,000 individuals in total. There are also Yazidi refugees in Europe . The Yazidi worship , apparently a pre-Islamic peacock Mithraism and, through it, to Zoroastrianism . The Yazidi maintain a well-preserved culture, rich in traditions and customs. In the region that is now Iraq, the Yazidi have been oppressed and considered devil worshippers for centuries. During the reign of Saddam Hussein , however, they were considered to be Arabs and maneuvered to oppose the Kurds, in order to tilt the ethnic balance in northern Iraq. Since the 2003 occupation of Iraq , the Kurds want the Yazidi to be recognized as ethnic Kurds. Dasin . While popular etymology connects the religion to the Umayyad khalif Yazid I (680-683), the name Yazidi is perhaps most likely derived from the

54. Soc.culture.bulgaria (thread) Za ljibitelite na muzikalnata industrija , Guentcho Skordev, 2005/07/16. yezidism (Alevism), Alistair_Sim, 2005/07/16 http://www.archivum.info/soc.culture.bulgaria/2005-07/threads.html

soc.culture.bulgaria (thread) Date Index Top All Lists Prev Period ... Bulgarian Chess Duane Archer Are Orthodox Communist? vjp2 . at Re: Are Orthodox Communist? DracuGol Re: Are Orthodox Communist? Pants Awry Gogu sails,while the loser Seanile sells BJs Sean Willie Sacket (O'Kilfoyle/Ratledge) Re: Gogu sails,while the loser Seanile sells BJs Pants Awry Re: Gogu sails,while the loser Seanile sells BJs Panta Rhei Re: Are Orthodox Communist? Panta Rhei Re: Are Orthodox Communist? vjp2 . at Re: IQ of Nations Go figure it! Message not available Re: IQ of Nations Go figure it! gogu Re: IQ of Nations Go figure it! Walter Constantin Gogu Costica Brincoveanu Mitty Gogu said no to his pet Sean the Seanile Re: IQ of Nations Go figure it! Panta Rhei Message not available Re: IQ of Nations Go figure it! Anri Erinin Ali-to vuv vihura si Re: Ali-to vuv vihura si Dimitar Stoil Marinov Guentcho Skordev NMKostoff Stoil Marinov Stoil Marinov Re: ? ?-? ? ? Koi sa nay-krasivite bqlgarski dumi? mude NMKostoff Fw: Indo-Europeans: The Invisible Race Agamemnon THE VLACHS OF MACEDONIA Re: THE VLACHS OF MACEDONIA Anri Erinin Re: THE VLACHS OF MACEDONIA Walter Constantin Gogu Costica Brincoveanu Mitty No cruise for Seanile Re: THE VLACHS OF MACEDONIA Panta Rhei Ping Milko Iliev Stoil Marinov "Щ"

55. Disinformation | The Yezidi: The Angelick Cultus In The Middle East yezidism Its Background, Observances and Textual Tradition. 5 Denge Ezdiyan Forum Of yezidism messageboard March 29, 2001. http://www.disinfo.com/archive/pages/article/id1340/pg2/

Abuse Your Illusions - the follow-up to Everything You Know Is Wrong You Are Being Lied To is in the store and every bit as essential. The long-awaited Disinformation DVD is in too! U.S. Weighs Military Intervention in Liberia What The European Papers Say Violence Mars Nigerian Strikes Religion in the News: June 2003 the yezidi: the angelick cultus in the middle east by Brian D. Hodges (hajj@disinfo.net) - June. 26, 2001 While the symbols and habits may compare on a certain level, it is more probable that the Parsi features in the Yezidi paradigm are artifacts from the movement and dissemination of a variant of Zoroastrian thought over distances and time. There are differences between the two, as well; For example, where the Yezidi (and Ahl-i Haqq) believe in reincarnation, there is no parallel belief in Zoroastrianism; nor is there a parallel to the soul-transmigration concept found in the Yardanist tradition. The syncretic volatility of the region has only been enhanced (as has our knowledge of these groups) by the ethnic, political and military tensions that have waxed and waned after the "Great Game" and most especially since the Gulf War, which brought far more contact with the Yezidi as a result of Saddam Hussein's Kurdish purges. Furthermore, the PKK (Kurdistan Workers' Party) has garnered both support and antagonism from various sectors of the Yezidi community, and many Yezidi Kurds fled the Turkish - Iraqi border to Germany where they have their own online and print magazine

56. Yezidism Iranica.com QAWLWhereas later yezidism regarded itself as wholly separate from Islam, PG Kreyenbroek, yezidism, its Background, Observances and Textual Tradition, http://www.directory.net/Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Zoroastrianism/Yezidi

Yezidism Directory: Guide to Yezidism sites on the internet. Directory Home Site Map Business Directory White Pages ... Sponsor this category For Yezidism Society Religion and Spirituality Zoroastrianism Yezidism Websites The Yezidis of Kurdistan - Are They Really Zoroastrians? http://www.ozemail.com.au/~zarathus/deen33f.html An article describing the religious beliefs of the Yezidis. The Yezidis before Sheihk-Adi http://www.luckymojo.com/esoteric/religion/satanism/yezidi2.txt A historical analysis of Yezidism. In text format. Yezidi Religion and Society http://www.geocities.com/athens/thebes/2153/yezidi.html Brief article on beliefs, practices, and history. Yezidism http://altreligion.about.com/library/faqs/bl_yezidism.htm A fact sheet on the important aspects of Yezidi religion. CCC33 - Yezidi Source Project http://home.c2i.net/blinge/essays/mishaf.html A Jalwah from the Black Book. Describes the early origin myths as well as various taboos. The Yezidi Kurds: Wolf at the door http://www.imb.org/centralasia/people/kurds.html Some specific aspects of religion discussed in this article, but mainly an editorial on the Yezidi inhabitations and way of life.

57. From Zazas-l-owner@hollyfeld.org Thu Feb 04 205221 1999 Return MAA23179@bolt.sonic.net Subject (Z) yezidism Not a Religion? However, he stated that Yezidis are a separate nation as yezidism cannot be considered http://www.luckymojo.com/esoteric/religion/9902.yezdism.tn

From zazas-l-owner@hollyfeld.org Thu Feb 04 20:52:21 1999 Return-Path: Delivered-To: yronwode@prog-relay.sonic.net Received: (qmail 15862 invoked from network); 4 Feb 1999 20:52:21 -0000 Received: from sub.sonic.net (208.201.224.8) by buzz.sonic.net with SMTP; 4 Feb 1999 20:52:21 -0000 Received: from mindy.accesscom.com (root@ns2.accesscom.com [205.226.156.3]) by sub.sonic.net (8.8.8/8.8.5) with ESMTP id MAA00116 for ; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 12:51:08 -0800 Received: from shell.accesscom.com (root@shell.accesscom.com [205.226.156.10]) by mindy.accesscom.com (8.8.8/8.8.8/Debian/GNU) with ESMTP id MAA14182 for ; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 12:24:49 -0800 Received: from mindy.accesscom.com (root@ns2.accesscom.com [205.226.156.3]) by shell.accesscom.com (8.8.8/8.8.8/Debian/GNU) with ESMTP id MAA15454 for ; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 12:24:49 -0800 Received: from mail-out-0.tiac.net (mail-out-0.tiac.net [199.0.65.247]) by mindy.accesscom.com (8.8.8/8.8.8/Debian/GNU) with ESMTP id MAA14177 for ; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 12:24:48 -0800 Received: from mail-out-3.tiac.net (mail-out-3.tiac.net [199.0.65.15]) by mail-out-0.tiac.net (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id PAA03968; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 15:24:47 -0500 (EST) (envelope-from zazas-l-owner@hollyfeld.org) Received: from www.hollyfeld.org (www.hollyfeld.org [204.130.199.143]) by mail-out-3.tiac.net (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id PAA10025; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 15:24:32 -0500 (EST) (envelope-from zazas-l-owner@hollyfeld.org) Received: (from majordom@localhost) by www.hollyfeld.org (8.8.4/8.8.4) id PAA29547 for zazas-l-outgoing; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 15:30:10 -0500 X-Authentication-Warning: www.hollyfeld.org: majordom set sender to owner-zazas-l@hollyfeld.org using -f Received: from marine.sonic.net (marine.sonic.net [208.201.224.37]) by www.hollyfeld.org (8.8.4/8.8.4) with SMTP id PAA29442 for

58. Gnostic Friends Network - Links & Rings - Occult & Esoteric Links - Brujeria, Hu As a branch of the Cult of Angels, yezidism places a special emphasis on the angels Among these angels, the Yezidis include also Lucifer, http://www.enemies.com/html/links_n_rings/occult_and_esoteric.html

Welcome! Articles Art Galleries Biography ... Yezidism CATHARS The Secret Heresy of Hieronymus Bosch "Catharism [was a] medieval gnostic and dualist heresy which affirmed that the earth was literally Hell, ruled over by Satan." The Church's WAR ON THE CATHARS "In general the Cathars... rejected the orthodox Catholic Church and denied the validity of all clerical hierarchies..." Bizarre Guide to Words: Buggery "When the Cathars refused to submit to Church authority, Pope Innocent III had these peaceful, enlightened, Gnostic, vegetarian ascetics brutally annihilated in the Albigensian Crusade of 1209-1229." Inquisitor's Manual of Bernard Gui How to recognize a Cathar Welcome to the Cathars!

59. MERIA RESEARCH GUIDE Michael L. Chyet (USA, Kurdish language), Nelida Fuccaro (UK, yezidism, language, yezidism), HansLukas Kieser (Switzerland, Kurdish Alevis), http://meria.idc.ac.il/research-g/kurds.html

RESEARCH GUIDE: Kurdish Studies B y Hamit Bozarslan "Kurdish studies" began during the first three decades of the Twentieth Century with the works of Basil Nikitin, Vladimir Minorsky and Thomas Bois. In spite of some major studies (F. Barth, I. C. Vany, D.N. MacKenzie...), the later decades however, saw a decline of Kurdish studies. The apparent pacification of Kurdistan by the central governments of Iraq, Iran and Turkey explains largely this lack of interest for this issue from the 1940s up to 1960s. THE RENEWAL OF THE 1970s-1990s From the 1960's to the 1990's, however, this situation changed gradually. The Barzani rebellion in Iraq (1961-1975), the guerrilla warfare in Iran (1979-1980) and in Turkey (1984-1999), the two Gulf Wars (1980-1988, 1991) and the establishment of a "Safe Haven" in Iraqi Kurdistan (1991) put the Kurdish issue once again on the regional and international agenda. These events increased the interest of the Western mass media on the Kurdish issue. At the some time, some "raw materials" and works of Kurdish and Turkish researchers become accessible. Parallel to this evolution, academic Kurdish studies in Europe and, to a lesser extent, in the United States also increased both in quantity and in quality. Martin van Bruinessen, a Dutch anthropologist, played a decisive role in the renewal of these studies from the 1970s up to now. Alongside his major work, Agha, Sheikh and State. The Social and Political Structures of Kurdistan (Zed Press, 1992), van Bruinessen has published a countless number of articles on various aspects of the Kurdish issue as well as on Kurdish society (history of the Kurdish emirates, tribal structures, urban society, religion, nationalism, Kurdish diaspora abroad). His linguistic skills allowed him to acquire a deep knowledge of the Middle East and to attain a high degree of erudition that goes hand-in-hand with a constant theoretical concern that is in sharp contrast with the Orientalist traditions.

60. TConline - Oct. 2002 - Sahmiram-Satan’s Village The most important historical figure in yezidism is Sheik Adi, who dates to the 12th or 13th century, whom they believe to be the reincarnation of Malak http://archives.tconline.org/Stories/Oct02/histimesham.htm

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