21. Nembutsu.info nembutsu.info Journal of shin buddhism. Mail. Book Reviews. Poets' Corner. Music. Speaking Personally. What's New, February 2005 http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

22. WHAT IS SHIN BUDDHISM & PANENTHEISM? shin buddhism is a way of life and a religious path, which offers a liberal, peaceful and deeply mystical spirituality. Explore panentheism, monotheism and http://buddhistfaith.tripod.com/pureland_sangha/id21.html

setAdGroup('67.18.104.18'); var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "tripod.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" Search: Lycos Tripod Murderball Share This Page Report Abuse Edit your Site ... Next BUDDHIST FAITH FELLOWSHIP OF CONNECTICUT SHIN BUDDHISM: OVERVIEW... Home OUR NETWORK OF BUDDHIST COMMUNITIES SHIN BUDDHISM: OVERVIEW... SHIN BUDDHISM: INDEPTH... ... BFF MEMBERS' WEB SITES NO ONE IS LEFT BEHIND The Buddha taught to all regardess of race, gender, moral status, belief, age, species, etc A Way of Life Shin Buddhism is a way of life and a religious path, which offers a liberal, peaceful and deeply mystical spirituality. The Shin path gives real support to the spiritual seeker with an honest yet optimistic world-view, proven psychological tools and religious practices that will help you navigate through the challenges and blessings of the human experience. Ultimately, it guarantees to transform your inner life, in which awareness, peace, joy, gratitude and compassion naturally manifest from your inner source. Furthermore, Shin Buddhism addresses your most important questions like, Who am I? Why do I suffer so? Where am I going? What is my purpose? What does it mean to be a human being? What is faith? What happens after death?

23. Three Wheels, London - Shin Buddhist House - Branch Of Shogyoji Japanese Shin Buddhist centre where you can learn about Buddhism in general and about shin buddhism founded by Shinran (11731262) in particular. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

24. SHIN BUDDHISM: INDEPTH... It is to explore shin buddhism in as clear and concise a manner as possible that I I shall approach the teachings of Shinran, founder of shin buddhism, http://buddhistfaith.tripod.com/pureland_sangha/id58.html

setAdGroup('67.18.104.18'); var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "tripod.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" Search: Lycos Tripod 40 Yr Old Virgin Share This Page Report Abuse Edit your Site ... Next BUDDHIST FAITH FELLOWSHIP OF CONNECTICUT SHIN BUDDHISM: INDEPTH... Home OUR NETWORK OF BUDDHIST COMMUNITIES SHIN BUDDHISM: OVERVIEW... SHIN BUDDHISM: INDEPTH... ... BFF MEMBERS' WEB SITES The Founder of Shin Buddhism Shinran Shonin, 13th century Japan What is Shin Buddhism? By Professor Takamaro Shigaraki Contents I. What is Shin? II. What Is Shinjin? III. Buddhist Wisdom IV. Great-Self And Non-Ego V. The Logic Of Prajna VI. Causes and Conditions VII. Great Compassion VIII. Nembutsu IX. Where Is The Buddha? X. The Transformation Of Shinjin XI. Other Power XIII. The Finger and The Moon XIV. Symbolism and Paradox XV. Tasting the Dharma XVI. Change and Growth in Shinjin XVII. Buddhist Salvation XVIII. The Problem of Death XIX. The Pure Land XXI. The Process of Shinjin XXIII. The Essential Integration XXIV. Only Nembutsu is Real XXV. The Essential Gate

25. What Is Shin Buddhism? By Dr. Nobuo Haneda In order to explain that shin buddhism teaches us the importance of humility, The essence of shin buddhism is the discovery of the evilness, ignorance, http://www.livingdharma.org/Living.Dharma.Articles/WhatIsShinBuddhism-Haneda.htm

What Is Shin Buddhism? By Dr. Nobuo Haneda Reprinted by permission of the The Maida Center of Buddhism, 2609 Regent Street, Berkeley, CA 94704, (510) 843-8515 The more ripe a cluster of rice becomes, the lower it bows down its head. -A Japanese proverb Shin Buddhism, or the teachings of Shinran (1173-1262), teaches us the importance of humility, the most important universal virtue. Many people think that the ultimate goal in Buddhism as well as human life is to become good. But according to Shinran, it is to become humble. Being good is not good enough; we must become humble persons. We must know our evilness, the existence of our ineradicable egoism. We must know our ignorance, the limitations of our intellects. We must become humble persons who can say, "I'm evil and ignorant." In order to explain that Shin Buddhism teaches us the importance of humility, let me first discuss the two stages of life that Shinran experienced. Two Stages in Shinran's Life The most important event in Shinran's life was his meeting with Honen (1133-1212), the founder of the Jodo School, when Shinran was twenty-nine. This event divided his life into two stages: the period before the meeting was the first stage and the period after it was the second stage. When Shinran met Honen, Shinran realized that he had had a shallow view of Buddhahood. His thoughts on the subject went through a total transformation. Before Shinran met Honen, Shinran thought that a Buddha was a "good" and "wise" person-a holy person who was possessed of wonderful virtues. In order to become such a Buddha, Shinran attempted to purify himself by eliminating evil passions. But he could not attain Buddhalhood. Not only was he unable to become a Buddha, he was feeling more and more depressed and miserable. His goal of Buddhahood seemed far away. He could not understand what was wrong.

26. Common Misconceptions About Buddhism shin buddhism in America is for Japanese or JapaneseAmericans only This In addition, many of the Shin Buddhist temples in America are in areas with http://www.livingdharma.org/Misconceptions.html

Some Common Misconceptions About Buddhism in America "Buddhism is a 'pagan' religion" "Paganism" is usually used to refer to belief in a god or gods other than the normally accepted Christian God. However, Buddhists don't concern themselves about God or god(s). Buddhists concern themselves with the Dharma, which is not a god or gods. It is "truth" or "reality." Thus, when sad or tragic events occur in our lives or the lives of our loved ones - as they inevitably will - Buddhists don't have to ask "Why did this happen?" This is because Buddhists don't hold onto the belief that there is a god "looking out" for his or her welfare. Buddhism is really an attitude of accepting the inevitable changes or impermanence of life, and of being grateful for every moment we are alive. "All Buddhists believe in reincarnation" This misconception is understandable, given that Tibetan Buddhists (such as the Dalai Lama), who do believe in a form of reincarnation, are perhaps the most "visible" of the many sects of Buddhism. Also, watching recent movies like Little Buddha

27. Myokoin Temple - White Lotus Center For Shin Buddhism, Anchorage, Alaska New Home of Myokoin Temple and the White Lotus Center for shin buddhism and Yuho and Diane Van Parijs, has been conducting regular Shin Buddhist http://www.akshin.net/main.htm

Temple Calendar Buddhism Photo Gallery ... Resources and Links Welcome Support the White Lotus Center for Shin Buddhism Myoko-in Temple Myoko-in (pronounced myo-ko-in) “Wondrous Light Temple” Sangha News New Home of Myokoin Temple and the White Lotus Center for Shin Buddhism and Buddhist Studies is now located in the Turnagain Arts Building, 4105 Turnagain Blvd. East Suite, G-2, Anchorage, AK 99517 (off of Spenard Road between the Harley Davidson Shop and McDonalds) Myokoin Temple - White Lotus Center for Shin Buddhism Children's Dharma School, 1st and 3rd Sunday's Starting in May 2005 Dharma School will be held from 10:00-10:45am on the 1st and 3rd Sundays starting in May. Reminder: The White Lotus Center for Shin Buddhism (Myoko-in Temple) is located at: The Turnagain Arts Building 4105 Turnagain Blvd. East, Suite G-2, Anchorage, AK 99517 (off of Spenard Road between the Harley Davidson Shop and McDonald's) Home Jodo Ring Member Site This Jodo Ring site is managed by Yuho B.Van Parys

28. Ccsbs 1. continuing education for BCA ministers and students of shin buddhism; IBS courses on general and shin buddhism have been accepted as substitutes for http://www.shin-ibs.edu/ccsbs1.htm

CCSBS home introduction program people ... site map Center for Contemporary Shin Buddhist Studies About the CCSBS A Word from the Director Programs Publications ... Visting Scholars In 1995, the IBS has established the Center for Contemporary Shin Buddhist Studies to serve as a vehicle for accomplishing its mission. The general purposes of the Center are to: 1. Establish a new perspective from which to view ongoing IBS programs and priorities; 2. Provide for a greater focus on research, scholarship and instruction in contemporary Shin Buddhist Studies; 3. Develop new programs that would apply to a broader segment of the BCA community, including ministers and an increasingly well educated membership; and 4. Help IBS to develop as a community in which Shin Buddhists, students and scholars can come together with the common aim of deepening their understanding of Shin Buddhism. Chief among Center's tasks will be the development of programs for: 1. continuing education for BCA ministers and students of Shin Buddhism;

29. On-line Reading Room It is most important that we consider shin buddhism from the standpoint of our Professor Nabeshima concludes by suggesting that shin buddhism offers a http://www.shin-ibs.edu/library2.htm

on-line library home introduction program people ... site map On-line Reading Room Introduction On-line Reading Room IBS Monograph Series Life of Shinran: Bloom CCSBS On-line Publication Series 1. Religion and Language: Omine 2. Jodo Shinshu in the 21st Century: Omine 3. Shinran 's Approaches towards Bereavement and Grief: Nabeshima Pacific World Journal ... Book Search/Links Recent publications from the Institute of Buddhist Studies available in PDF files: To read the PDF files on-line, you need Acrobat Reader The Life of Shinran Shonin: The Journey to Self Acceptance by Alfred Bloom IBS Monograph Series 1 Shinran's life has great historical interest because it was the chrysalis within which a new and distinctive form of Buddhist piety and thought developed.His religious experience gave him a penetrating insight into the defiled nature of human existence which became the foundation for his understanding that salvation is through faith alone.Just as this perception is historically

30. A Primer Of Shin Buddhism Shin Buddhist resources. shin buddhism, like all Mahayana schools, depends entirely on the theory and practice of the bodhisattva path because http://mugeko.senet.com.au/primshin.htm

nembutsu.info Journal of Shin Buddhism A Primer of Shin Buddhism Preface The Buddha's teaching of the way for all beings to attain genuine freedom from anxiety and suffering is affirmed in the Shin interpretation of the Pure Land path. This joyful fact has been experienced by millions of Buddhists for over two and a half thousand years and is a living reality today. This introduction is in two parts. The first is a brief outline of the main tenets of Shin Buddhism and the second follows up on some of the themes in the first half about which readers may have further questions. We are happy to be of assistance to readers and invite you to email us if you have anything more you would like to discuss. All quotations from the writings of Shinran (1173 - 1262) are taken from the Shin Buddhism Translation Series published by the Hongwanji International Center. Top A Brief Outline of Shin Buddhism For Shin Buddhists, the true nature of things is a lively wisdom and compassion that resonates in the lives of ordinary people. This wisdom and compassion takes form as Amida Buddha 'Amida' is a compound East-Asian word derived from two Sanskrit words: Amitabha (Infinite Light) and Amitayus (Infinite Life). Sanskrit is the classical language of India where Buddhism first arose. 'Amida Buddha', means, therefore, 'Infinite Light Buddha' and 'Infinite Life Buddha'.

31. UBC Chaplains - Shin Buddhism Information about the UBC Chaplains Association, including religions and denominations represented on campus. The chaplains develop many social and ethical http://chaplains.students.ubc.ca/buddhism.cfm

Home About us Anglican Baptist ... Religious holidays Photo credit: Andrew Ohara Buddhism is comprised of the Teachings of Shakyamuni Buddha. It teaches us the state of Enlightenment attained by the Buddha and the methods by which we can be emancipated from the world of birth and death and attain the same state of Enlightenment as the Buddha himself. Shin Buddhism, one of the sects of Buddhism, was founded by Shinran Shonin (1173-1262). Shinran taught that Enlightenment could be attained through the Easy Path by reciting the Nembutsu, Namo Amida Butsu, with a sincere mind and with the aspiration of been born in the Pure Land. Shinran taught through his own existence that ordinary people living in a world of suffering could be liberated by the working of the Wisdom and Compassion of Amida Buddha. Through the working of the Nembutsu, Buddhist followers can become a Buddha in the Pure Land. When the light of Wisdom shines upon them, they realize that their ignorance and actions, attributable to their egotistical nature, are embedded deeply in their beings. Having being shone upon by the Buddha's Light of Wisdom and Compassion and having been awakened to their true nature, these followers can now enter the Path leading to the Pure Land. Photo credit: Andrew Ohara Through this process, one realizes that the ultimate goal is total reliance on Amida Buddha. To quote Honen Shonin (Shinran's teacher), "Our minds are filled with unnecessary thoughts which makes it impossible to attain awakening though our own efforts when we become aware of Amida Buddha's Primal Vow that causes our emancipation, it becomes the basis of living a true, full life. Because it is the power of Amida Buddha's Vow, even those who are sunk in delusion and whose bodies are polluted with evil can, without doubt, escape the cycle of birth and death and reach the world of Awakening."

32. UBC Chaplains - Shin Buddhism - Chaplain Profile Information about the UBC Chaplains Association, including religions and denominations represented on campus. The chaplains develop many social and ethical http://chaplains.students.ubc.ca/buddhism.cfm?go=profile

33. BuddhaNets Buddhist Web Links: Mahayana Buddhism. shin buddhism in America is a century old. Until recent decades it was shin buddhism is the quiet call of Amida Buddha from within each of us. http://www.buddhanet.net/l_maha.htm

10 Best Meditation Studies Magazine ... Amida Trust Amida Trust is a Pureland Buddhist foundation with a particular interest in engaged work. Our Dharma Teacher, Dharmavidya David Brazier is the author of Zen Therapy, The Feeling Buddha and The New Buddhism. Amida Trust sponsors projects in Zambia, India, Sarajevo and UK and has a world-wide membership. It has a particular interest in Buddhist psychology and its application in many settings. Tendai Buddhism The web site is devoted to presenting Tendai Buddhism to a English speaking audience. Providing information on its history, esoteric ritual, daily practice and Sutra texts. Pure Land Buddhism This website is dedicated to disseminating information, about Pure Land Buddhism, primarily in Ireland. Rather than recreate the excellent information already available on numerous websites, links will be given to them. Some books and notes are available on the website and some books available by post. Dharma Realm Buddhist Association The Way-places (monasteries, centers, and offices) of the Dharma Realm Buddhist Association offer a range of practices and opportunities to study Buddha Dharma - twenty-some institutions. Some large centers, such as the City of Ten Thousand Buddhas, near Ukiah, California, contain both men and women monastics, as well as lay families. This site has Mahayana Buddhist Sutras in English translations and contact information of associated Monasteries and Centers.

34. Shin Buddhism shin buddhism is a universal faith, but in America, for historical and social The bad news is that despite appearances, shin buddhism is in a crisis http://www.buddhistinformation.com/pureland/shin_buddhism.htm

Shin Buddhism: The Contemporary Situation By Rev. Dr. Alfred Bloom We are living in a very competitive religious environment, confronted by a variety of forms of spirituality that appeal to the young and old in our society. There is a great deal of searching going on. We must also recognize that the term Honpa Hongwanji Mission did not mean mission as it has been used in western religion. Rather than bringing the teaching to a new people, its main purpose was to assist Japanese immigrants who brought Shin Buddhism as their traditional faith or those Japanese who, having no clear affiliation, joined the temple for sociality and support in their hard life on the plantations and towns of Hawaii. As long as there has been a strong, coherent Japanese community, the temples have been secure in their role. There was no need to reach out to a larger community, though there were some efforts at that by Bishop Yemyo Imamura. Further, there was no necessity to reconsider the role of the temples in the broader social context. The war, however, disrupted the life of the temples with the removal of ministers and closure of temples and on the mainland the total incarceration of Japanese-Americans. After the war temple life had to be reestablished. It is now some 50 years since that time and the situation of Japanese-Americans and Buddhism has significantly changed in the society. It is a time for reflection and a search for new and creative approaches to meet the many issues and concerns, not simply of our members, but of our whole community.

35. Shin Buddhism... Also, in this past half century, shin buddhism has had a number of The significant feature of shin buddhism is that through its practicing that one http://www.buddhistinformation.com/pureland/shin_buddhism_and_the_buraku.htm

Shin Buddhism and the Buraku-min By Toshinori Kasahara The issue of discrimination is a concern for every religion that claims to teach Equality and Freedom, but in fact many people have suffered discrimination from religious groups. In the past, discrimination in America has been against women, black people, and other minorities. Today especially it is a global issue as the world becomes more interdependent. In its broadest sense, the danger for increased social division is rising between the economically advanced countries and the third world. In addition, more attention needs to be given to the problem faced by the Buraku-min in Japan. I am a Buddhist and, as my practice, I wish to focus on the issue of the Buraku-min. In other words, I see the mission of Buddhism through this issue. You may not know that there were many outcast people in Japanese history who are called Buraku-min. They have been discriminated against in Japan for over 400 years. Japanese Buddhists have been deeply involved historically with this issue. The second opinion is that the Burakumin had its origin in religious traditions. Buddhist ideas of "non-killing" and karma were used as tools of discrimination against those who are engaged in those impure jobs. Although humans must kill living things for their survival, to kill was interpreted by Buddhists as the most evil and unethical act, with the result that it was used to discriminate against those particular people. Karma was understood as the fate, which people received because of evil actions in previous lifetimes, and those born into families assigned to the lowest occupations were considered to deserve this life of impurity. These ideas were popularized in Japan, creating the negative image of "Buraku-min."

36. Shin Buddhism - Taitetsu Unno - Palm Reader EBooks shin buddhism Taitetsu Unno - Palm Reader eBook - Advanced navigation, search, bookmarks, and powerful viewing features. Download Now! - Get eBooks! http://www.ebookmall.com/ebook/135093-ebook.htm

Home eBook Categories Eastern Palm Reader eBooks Shin Buddhism Palm Reader eBooks By: Taitetsu Unno Price: Format: Palm Reader eBooks Availability: Download Now Platforms: Features: Advanced navigation, search, bookmarks, and powerful viewing features. Get eBook! Free eBooks With Every Order! eBook Summary: Ordering Instructions Download Palm Reader and install it on your Palm PDA. Click "Add To Basket" then fill out the order form. Download your eBook from your Invoice page. Format - Palm Reader Availability - Download Now Palm Reader eBooks can be read on your Palm or Visor handheld device. Palms allow you to carry as many eBooks with you as the memory will allow. You can select various fonts and font sizes, and you can control how much text is on the screen at one time. You can also jump to any section of the eBook with ease. Download Now availability means that your eBook can be downloaded and read immediately upon completing your order. Most Palm Reader eBooks are between 100 KB - 800 KB in size and download in approximately two minutes. Download your eBooks directly from your Invoice Page.

37. Shin Buddhism - Taitetsu Unno - Adobe Reader EBooks shin buddhism Taitetsu Unno - Adobe Reader eBook - Advanced navigation, search, bookmarks, and multiple viewing options. Download Now! - Get eBooks! http://www.ebookmall.com/ebook/135091-ebook.htm

Home eBook Categories Eastern Adobe Reader eBooks Shin Buddhism Adobe Reader eBooks By: Taitetsu Unno Price: Format: Adobe Reader eBooks Availability: Download Now Required: Adobe Reader 6.0 Platforms: Windows, Mac, Palm Features: Advanced navigation, search, bookmarks, and multiple viewing options. Get eBook! Free eBooks With Every Order! eBook Summary: Ordering Instructions Download Adobe Reader and install it on your computer. Click "Add To Basket" then fill out the order form. Download your eBook from your Invoice page. Format - Adobe Reader Availability - Download Now Adobe Reader eBooks can be viewed with Windows PCs, Macintosh computers, and Palm OS devices. Page navigation, multiple viewing options, bookmarks, and search features are included. Secure eBook Format: Most publishers of Adobe Reader eBooks have chosen to only allow ONE download of the eBook. You can make a backup copy by clicking the "Save a Copy" button when you download your eBook. The good news is that you can make as many backup copies as you wish. Transfer eBooks: These eBooks are also transferable to Palm PDAs or additional computers by Activating the computer or device.

38. Buddhist Churches Of Canada Thus, the religious stories of shin buddhism all emphasize that there is no self effort practice necessary for us to be born into the Pure Land at our http://www.bcc.ca/shin/

@import url(../bcc_super.css); Buddhist Churches of Canada Website - www.bcc.ca All things are interrelated; see yourself in others. Let us aspire for the harmony of all humankind. Home Contact Us The Life of Shinran Shonin Kyosho: The Essentials of Jodo Shinshu ... Download .PDF Location: Home About Shin Buddhism: Introduction Introduction Shinran Shonin, our master in Jodo Shinshu Buddhism, lived in Japan from 1173 to 1263. Like ourselves, he lived in a time of war, anxiety and great human suffering. In order to bring the freedom and emotional release of the Buddhist message to the ordinary lay people of his day, he greatly simplified the Buddhist teaching. Following the lead of his honourable teacher, Honen Shonin, Shinran taught that Buddhist 'Enlightenment' could be attained through the 'Easy Path' of reciting the Name of Buddha, 'Namo Amida Butsu', with a sincere mind aspiring for birth. The birth he spoke of was 'Birth in the Pure Land of Amida Buddha' at the time of our human death. Shinran taught that conditions in the human world had become so corrupt that it was no longer possible for ordinary people to achieve Enlightenment through their own efforts. Monks and holy sages might be able to carry out sufficient religious practice in the dark Age of Mappo (the age of decline); but most of us, including Shinran himself, could not. We must rely on the Transferred Merit coming to us across aeons of time from the Great Practice of Amida Buddha. Thus, the religious stories of Shin Buddhism all emphasize that there is no 'self effort' practice necessary for us to be born into the Pure Land at our human death, or to experience the 'Pure Land Mind' during our human life. All that is required is the recitation of 'Namo Amida Butsu' entrusting oneself to the power of the Primal Vow.

39. Buddhist Churches Of Canada Traditionally, shin buddhism has limited it s meditation practices to sutra chanting and recitation of the Nembutsu (Namo Amida Butsu). http://www.bcc.ca/shin/medit1.html

@import url(../bcc_super.css); Buddhist Churches of Canada Website - www.bcc.ca All things are interrelated; see yourself in others. Let us aspire for the harmony of all humankind. Home Contact Us The Life of Shinran Shonin Kyosho: The Essentials of Jodo Shinshu ... Download .PDF Location: Home About Shin Buddhism Shin Meditation: Introduction Introduction Contemporary life in North America, at the beginning of the Second Millennium, is becoming more and more stressful. We realize that if we blindly follow the cultural expectations of our consumer society, our lives will be endlessly frantic, uptight, harried and superficial. North Americans are increasingly looking to Asian methods of meditation to calm their minds and harmonize their lives. Traditionally, Shin Buddhism has limited it's meditation practices to sutra chanting and recitation of the Nembutsu (Namo Amida Butsu). Today, however, there is an increasing demand from within our temples and from those wishing to join us, for "quiet sitting" meditation instruction in addition to chanting meditation. One of the main teachings of Buddhism is that we have two levels of mind - our everyday rational mind, and our underlying Wisdom Mind. The Wisdom Mind is the deeper intuitive part of ourselves that can be experienced during meditation. This Mind is not part or ourselves that can be experienced during meditation. This Mind is not part of ourselves, but belongs to Amida Buddha If we compare our mind to a deep lake, the ordinary mind is the surface water subject to waves and storms. Our Bodhi Mind (Pure Mind of Buddha), however, is like the calm water at the bottom of the lake.

40. Shin Buddhism Taitetsu Unno s earlier, very readable, introduction to shin buddhism, shin buddhism (more properly, Jodo Shinshu) takes more specific form in the life http://www.dharmalife.com/issue20/profound_entrusting.html

about subscribe advertise issue 20 summer 03 search issues current Issue 20 Book Reviews Moving against the stream ... Vajrayogini Shin Buddhism Bits of Rubble Turn into Gold Taitetsu Unno Taitetsu Unno's earlier, very readable, introduction to Shin Buddhism, River of Fire, River of Water , offered a sketch of the main themes of Shin Buddhist teaching and practice and, despite its claim to offer 'a complete overview of the tradition', this new book continues in this vein. Taitetsu Unno is not only one of the leading scholars of Shin, he is also a practitioner, and this fact shines through the pages of this book. Unno speaks with a committed voice, which makes this a heartfelt, personal introduction to Shin's main tenets, a book of faith not merely of scholarship. He uses modern poetry and personal anecdotes in addition to traditional sources to illustrate his points. Pure Land Buddhism is perhaps one of the most unusual flowerings of the Dharma and, until now, it has not made much of an impression on the western mind. Indeed, at first glance it can appear to contradict basic principles of early Buddhism. The evolution of Shin is long and complex but its primary inspiration comes from the Pure Land Sutras of Indian Mahayana. These focus on the figure of Amitabha/Amitayus (Amida in Japanese) who, in a past life, vowed not to gain Enlightenment unless, when he did so, all beings who called his name sincerely would be reborn in his Pure Land. This is Amida's famous '18th vow', the theological basis of Shin. Shin teaches that, since Amida

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