1. European Origin including the schwarzenau brethren who would rebaptize themselves in the Eder Anabaptism on the schwarzenau brethren (later Church of the Brethren), http://www.cob-net.org/europe.htm

The European Origin of the Church of the Brethren Written by Ronald J. Gordon This document may be reproduced for non-profit or educational purposes only, with the provisions that the entire document remain intact and full acknowledgement be given to the author. View an enlarged photograph of Schwarzenau , Germany, by clicking on the above photo. Alexander Mack of Schriesheim would seek refuge from religious persecution in the district of Wittgenstein near the village of Schwarzenau and organize a new religious group in 1708, founded on the principles of Pietism and Anabaptism . Over the centuries, this original group would eventually separate into many different Brethren Groups . Here are some of the historical developments that contributed to this originating call to the Brethren. Reformation Awakens a Sleeping Church Anabaptism Challenges the Reformers New Interpretations Rise of Pietism in Germany New Reformers Hochmann in the Palatinate Alexander Mack of Schriesheim Marienborn to Krefeld Brethren Bibliography REFORMATION AWAKENS A SLEEPING CHURCH hrist stated that the "gates of hell" would not prevail against His church. So very true has history validated this statement. The monolithic Roman Empire which attempted to stamp out the Gospel of Jesus gradually receded into the two rising arms of the Christian Church: Latin in the West and Greek in the East. The dominance of the Church at Rome suppressed literacy and free expression for a thousand years, but the culture of the Eastern Orthodox flourished. Most of what we know of the ancient world is derived from Eastern manuscripts. The

2. European Origin disagreement remains over the full effect of Anabaptism on the schwarzenau brethren (later Church of the Brethren), a distinctive imprint is http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

3. Folders Of Brethren Information schwarzenau brethren founder Alexander Mack was heavily influenced by ErnestHochmann who was a member of the Separatist wing of Pietism. http://www.cob-net.org/folder.htm

Timeline of the Church of the Brethren traces our development from a very small circle of eight Anabaptist-Pietist believers in Schwarzenau, Germany, until the present 1,100 congregations in 36 states with mission projects around the world. Discover many external religious events that significantly contributed to our formation. Included are many secular historical markers to more properly frame Brethren activity in relation to world events. European Origin Alexander Mack, son of a German miller was greatly influenced by Pietism, especially it's emphasis on faith as something to be experienced apart from ritual and form. After befriending members of the Separatist wing of the Pietistic movement, Mack and seven others proceeded to the Eder River at Schwarzenau, Germany, in the autumn of 1708, and (re)baptized themselves into a community of faith rooted in both Pietism, and Anabaptism from an earlier period. This was an illegal action for which they had "counted the cost" (Luke 14:28). Honors to Alexander Mack is a newly written article about the founder of the Brethren, written especially for COB-Net by noted author William G. Willoughby. He is also the author of "Counting The Cost" and "Beliefs of the Early Brethren." Unlike these two excellent works that have become treasures to fellow Brethren readers, "Honors" tells the story of Mack to the non-Brethren web visitor from the global community. It is written with a gentle sensitivity to the modern audience that wants a hero, and explains why the beliefs of Alexander Mack fills that need. We especially want to thank Mr. Willoughby for donating his time and literary talents, to help COB-Net tell the Brethren story through this evolving online technology of web communication.

4. Brethren In America Migration and expansion of the schwarzenau brethren in America http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. Schwarzenau Brethren - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia The Schwarzenau (German Baptist) Brethren, originated in Germany, The beliefsof the schwarzenau brethren include one selfexisting supreme ruler of the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzenau_Brethren

Wikimedia needs your help in the final days of its fund drive. See our fundraising page Over US$225,000 has been donated so far! Other charities also need your help. Schwarzenau Brethren From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The Schwarzenau German Baptist Brethren , originated in Germany , the outcome of one of many Pietistic movements of the 17th century . In Germany they became known as Neue T¤ufer (New Baptists), in distinction from the older Anabaptist groups. In the United States they became popularly known as Dunkers, Dunkards or Tunkers, corruptions of the German verb tunken , to dip. Contents History Beliefs and Practices Divisions Brethren World Assembly ... edit History The Schwarzenau Brethren was founded in by Alexander Mack (1679-1735) of Schwarzenau, Germany , and seven of his followers. They believed that both the Lutheran and Reformed churches were taking liberties with the literal teachings of the Scriptures, and rejected infant baptism. The Brethren were compelled by persecution to take refuge in Friesland , in The Netherlands. In Peter Becker brought a group to Pennsylvania . In 1720 forty Brethren families settled in Surhuisterveen in West Friesland. They settled among the Mennonites and remained there until , when all but a handful emigrated to America. The first American congregation was organized at

6. Schwarzenau Brethren factlibrary.com - schwarzenau brethren http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. Church Of The Brethren - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Related groups that trace their beginnings to the schwarzenau brethren are.The Brethren Church The Fellowship of Grace Brethren Churches http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_Brethren

Wikimedia needs your help in the final days of its fund drive. See our fundraising page Over US$225,000 has been donated so far! Other charities also need your help. Church of the Brethren From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The Church of the Brethren was organized by Alexander Mack , a miller, in Schwarzenau Germany , in . The first church was established in America in . These churches became commonly known as German Baptist Brethren . It is a Protestant Anabaptist Church. The denomination holds the New Testament as its only creed . Historically the church has taken a strong stance for non-resistance or pacifism . Distinctive practices include believers baptism by trine immersion, a three-fold Love Feast consisting of feet washing , a fellowship meal, and communion , anointing for healing, and the holy kiss (which is uncommon, except in the most conservative congregations). The Church of the Brethren represents the largest body descending from Mack's Schwarzenau Brethren church. The German Baptist Brethren suffered major division in the early , creating the Old German Baptist Brethren , the Brethren Church , and the majority adopting the name Church of the Brethren in . It had 134,000 members in about 1100 churches in

8. Schwarzenau Brethren schwarzenau brethren. The Schwarzenau (German Baptist) Brethren, originated in Germany, the outcome of one of many Pietistic movements of the 17th http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. Origins Of The Church Of The Brethren And Other Brethren (Groups Groups which stem from the schwarzenau brethren, 1708. Many religious groups havethe term brethren as part of their names. Most are not related to the http://www.berksgenes.org/brethren.htm

Origins of the Church of the Brethren and Other Brethren Groups by Lois C. Byrem, Strasburg, Pennsylvania Groups which stem from the Schwarzenau Brethren, 1708 Many religious groups have the term "brethren" as part of their names. Most are not related to the events that took place in Schwarzenau (present day Germany), in 1708, and to the group called "the Schwarzenau Brethren." According to The Brethren Encyclopedia, there have been more than 35 groups which are identified as having evolved from the Schwarzenau Brethren. It is important to note that those that are listed below, all consider themselves to be the true heirs of the Schwarzenau Brethren. The Church of the Brethren (earlier called Fraternity of German Baptists, until 1907 they were known as the German Baptist Brethren). Membership about 155,000. Beginning in Pennsylvania in 1723. Considered "conservative" in the 1880s. It has a seminary and six colleges. Headquarters - Elgin, Illinois. Ephrata Community (German Seventh Day Baptists). Led by Conrad Beissel, it resulted in the first schism among the Brethren in 1728. In 1732, Beissel led his followers to the place where the Ephrata Cloister now stands. Membership about 100. Office: 9400 Anthony Highway, Waynesboro, PA 17268.

10. Encyclopedia Schwarzenau Brethren Encyclopedia schwarzenau brethren Updated 31 days 1 hour 43 minutes ago. Other descriptions of schwarzenau brethren http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. BHLA - Guide To The Brethren In Europe After 1711 the schwarzenau brethren established here a daughter congregation . A refuge for the schwarzenau brethren between 1720 and 1729. http://www.brethren.org/genbd/bhla/BrethrenInEurope.html

Guide to the Brethren in Europe THE BRETHREN IN EUROPE There the Brethren spread across the continent, planting themselves largely in isolated rural communities. They kept pace with the Westward migration and were sometimes pioneer settlers. Today the Brethren number 141,400 members in 1,063 congregations in the United States. Overseas membership is not counted in these statistics. Missionaries from several of the Brethren groups, starting in 1894, developed active congregations in India, China, Nigeria, Argentina, Ecuador, and other nations. Most of these have united with indigenous churches and are thriving under local leadership. There are six major bodies today which stem from the Schwarzenau movement. The Church of the Brethren is the largest; followed by the Fellowship of Grace Brethren Churches; The Brethren Church; the Old German Baptist Brethren; the Dunkard Brethren; and the Conservative Grace Brethren Churches, International. In the 20th century, Brethren began returning to visit the sites of their origins. After World War II many volunteer workers from the Church of the Brethren did relief work in Germany, helping to alleviate the devastation and misery created by war and the influx of refugees. A center was established in Kassel for the many activities of the Brethren Service Commission. International workcamps and other programs were organized for Schwarzenau. In 1956 a sum of money was given by Brethren in the USA to help make possible the construction of a new school for village. This was named the "Alexander Mack School," after the first minister of the Brethren.

12. Schwarzenau Brethren - InfoSearchPoint.com schwarzenau brethren. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

13. BHLA - Guide To Research In Brethren History descendant of the schwarzenau brethren the Old German Baptist Brethren, A Study of the Yearbook of the Church of the Brethren, Schwarzenau, http://www.brethren.org/genbd/bhla/GuideResearchBrethrenHistory.html

GUIDE TO RESEARCH IN BRETHREN HISTORY Introduction Resources for Brethren History Encyclopedia Bibliographies ... Repositories Introduction Many religious groups have found the biblical designation "brethren" to be so appropriate that they have incorporated it into their denominational designations. Thus, there are Plymouth Brethren, Evangelical United Brethren, Moravian Brethren, River Brethren or Brethren in Christ, and many more. This has made for some serious confusion, however, for there are broad differences in religious belief and practice among those bodies sharing the name "brethren." Quite distinct from these is the denomination here described. The Church of the Brethren is the name since 1908 of one of the older denominations in the Free or Believers Church tradition. It was founded in 1708 in Schwarzenau, Germany, by a group of Reformed and Lutheran Pietists who adopted beliefs and practices along Anabaptist lines. Because of severe persecution and economic necessity, virtually the entire movement migrated to North America beginning in 1719. Known here as the German Baptist Brethren, or colloquially as "Dunkers" or "Dunkards," the Brethren founded congregations across the nation with heaviest concentration in Pennsylvania, Virginia, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and California. The adult membership in 1999 was 138,000 in 1029 congregations and 35 fellowships. These figures do not include members of independent churches in Nigeria, India, and Ecuador once affiliated with the Church of the Brethren.

14. Schwarzenau Brethren portaljuice.com schwarzenau brethren http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. Brethren: Information From Answers.com schwarzenau brethren groups. The schwarzenau brethren groups originated in 1708in Schwarzenau, Germany, in the Palatinate. Early leaders included Alexander http://www.answers.com/topic/brethren-1

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Encyclopedia Wikipedia Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping Brethren Encyclopedia Brethren, German Baptist religious group. They were popularly known as Dunkards, Dunkers, or Tunkers, from the German for “to dip,” referring to their method of baptizing. The Brethren evolved from the Pietist movement in Germany. The first congregation was organized there in 1708 by Alexander Mack. Persecution drove them to America where, under Peter Becker, they settled (1719) in Germantown, Pa. From that and other settlements in Pennsylvania they spread westward and into Canada. The Brethren oppose war and advocate temperance, the simple life, plain dress, and “obedience to Christ rather than obedience to creeds and cults.” The original group, at present the largest in the United States, is the Church of the Brethren (Conservative Dunkers); the local churches are united by an annual conference that elects a general board to supervise the national church program. From the Church of the Brethren there have been separations into the Seventh-Day Baptists, German Baptists (1728; see Beissel, Johann Conrad

16. Webkatalog site for six national Church of the Brethren organizations. Includes a short history of the denomination founded in Schwarzenau, Germany, in http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

17. Grace College: Information From Answers.com List of colleges and universities starting with G Brasenose College, Oxford University of Queensland schwarzenau brethren Merton College, Oxford http://www.answers.com/topic/grace-college

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Best of Web Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping Grace College Best of the Web Some good "Grace College" pages on the web: University www.grace.edu Mentioned In Grace College is mentioned in the following topics: Fellowship of Grace Brethren Churches List of colleges and universities in Indiana List of colleges and universities in Michigan List of colleges and universities starting with G ... Your Ad Here Jump to: Best of Web Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping Send this page Print this page Link to this page Tell me about: Home About Tell a Friend Buzz ... Site Map

18. Webkatalog - Reisen - Urlaub - Hotel - Flug Bei Freenet.de site for six national Church of the Brethren organizations. Includes a short history of the denomination founded in Schwarzenau, Germany, in http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

19. Church Of The Brethren -- Facts, Info, And Encyclopedia Article Related groups that trace their beginnings to the schwarzenau brethren are (anarticle, not an official web site) Brethrenrelated websites http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/c/ch/church_of_the_brethren.htm

Church of the Brethren [Categories: Christian denominations, Anabaptism] The Church of the Brethren was organized by Alexander Mack, a miller, in Schwarzenau, (A republic in central Europe; split into East German and West Germany after World War II and reunited in 1990) Germany , in 1708. The first church was established in America in 1723. These churches became commonly known as German Baptist Brethren . It is a (An adherent of Protestantism) Protestant (Adherent of Anabaptism) Anabaptist Church. The denomination holds the New Testament as its only (Any system of principles or beliefs) creed . Historically the church has taken a strong stance for (Click link for more info and facts about non-resistance) non-resistance or (The belief that all international disputes can be settled by arbitration) pacifism . Distinctive practices include (Click link for more info and facts about believers baptism) believers baptism by trine immersion, a three-fold Love Feast consisting of (Click link for more info and facts about feet washing) feet washing , a fellowship meal, and (The act of participating in the celebration of the Eucharist) communion , anointing for healing, and the (Click link for more info and facts about holy kiss) holy kiss The Church of the Brethren represents the largest body descending from Mack's (Click link for more info and facts about Schwarzenau Brethren) Schwarzenau Brethren church. The

20. Brethren -- Facts, Info, And Encyclopedia Article The (Click link for more info and facts about schwarzenau brethren) SchwarzenauBrethren groups originated in 1708 in Schwarzenau, (A republic in central http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/b/br/brethren.htm

Brethren The Brethren are any of several (A religious person who believes Jesus is the Christ and who is a member of a Christian denomination) Christian denominations, most of which are (Adherent of Anabaptism) Anabaptist (Click link for more info and facts about Pietist) Pietist Beliefs The Anabaptist-Pietist Brethren, and even other Brethren bodies, share in common many beliefs. Individual articles contain more specific information of the doctrines of various bodies. Schwarzenau Brethren groups The (Click link for more info and facts about Schwarzenau Brethren) Schwarzenau Brethren groups originated in 1708 in Schwarzenau, (A republic in central Europe; split into East German and West Germany after World War II and reunited in 1990) Germany , in the (A territory in southwestern Germany formerly ruled by the counts palatine) Palatinate . Early leaders included Alexander Mack, Peter Becker, and John Nass. The Brethren were at one time called Dunkers or German Baptist Brethren After enduring persecution for a time (see (Adherent of Anabaptism) Anabaptist ), the Brethren migrated to

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