61. The Norse Study of Old norse texts is especially informative about early Germanic culture norse mythology could be used as ornamental material in Scandinavian http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Medieval_Studies/norse.html

The Norse Introduction Ancient Scandinavia was dominated by speakers of North Germanic languages, including Old Norwegian, Old Swedish, Old Danish, and Old Icelandic. Scandinavians did not participate in the first wave of Germanic migrations that destroyed the Roman Empire, but in the eighth century some of them initiated a second wave of Viking invasions. The typical Viking was a landless young man who made a living as a pirate, sometimes preying on other Scandinavians as well as peoples farther south. Most Scandinavians were farmers or traders who regarded Vikings with grave suspicion, and in the early literature Vikings often come across as arrogant louts who brag too much about their exploits abroad. Contrary to popular belief, Vikings did not wear horned helmets, though some of their armor is decorated with representations of earlier Germanic warriors wearing such helmets. The term Viking invasion is sometimes used for attacks by large fleets of ships under the command of an aristocrat who would probably not have been called a Viking by his fellow Scandinavians, at least not to his face. Study of Old Norse texts is especially informative about early Germanic culture because the Scandinavians were converted to Christianity much later than the East and West Germanic peoples (around 1000 CE). By this time, Roman Christianity was well established in Western Europe and no longer felt much threatened by the few remaining traces of pre-Christian thought. Norse mythology could be used as ornamental material in Scandinavian poetry without offense, much as pagan Greek and Roman mythology was used by the deeply religious John Milton to ornament his Christian epic

62. Norse Saab Aftersales / Home Details of current new and used cars, online test drive booking, finance and contact information. http://www.norsesaab.co.uk/

Who are Norse Saab? Customer Service Commitment Email enquiry form Parts Order Form Specialised care for your Saab Norse Saab specialise in providing state of the art aftercare services for your Saab. Our purpose built service and repair centre is unmatched in specification - our experienced team of technicians are fully trained in every aspect of all Saab models and will be able to diagnose and remedy any problems with your vehicle quickly and efficiently. Norse Saab aftersales is located in Sergeants Way, Bedford. For assistance please call us on 01234 261313. window.open("http://www.bedfordiamotorholdings.co.uk/popup/saab_mot.htm","service","resizable=no,height=300,width=500"); Home Contact Us Bedfordia Motor Holdings

63. Ravensgard Norse Homepage Ravengard s Viking Age Page with general research links and specific interest items, including many original articles. http://www.ravensgard.org/gerekr/norse.html

This page is an on-going project and should be considered always under construction. Check regularly for changes. Questions and correspondence may take some time to be answered. For all of the below see also the general references on the Medieval Research Resources Page . Go directly to General Archaeology Art Norse Costume ... Technology , or Modern Offshoots, Falsifications, Controversies and Misconceptions General Norse FAQ Old Norse Bibliographty Norse Games Medieval Food: Brewing:Mead ... Images (norse costume, ceramics, military) updated 6/11/04 Maps of Iceland sorted by age and origin Medieval Scandinavia A Norse Spice Chest Oldnorsenet/ONN ONN New Archives Smithsonian - Vikings The Viking Society for Northern Research The World of the Vikings Project Link collections and general sites Odin's Castle Museums Arni Magnusson Institute in Iceland The Jorvik Viking Centre Journal of Conservation and Museum Studies (UK server) JCMS Submission Guidelines ... Sigtuna Museum Museum Contact Pages The National Museum of Denmark Ribe Viking center Sandefjordmuseene Silkeborg Museum ... Danish Viking Age Museums Archaeology Basic Scandinavian Archaeology Bibliography Birka Vikingastaden Anglo-Saxon and Viking Yorkshire: The Cottam Project (University of York) The Council for British Archaeology ... Some Russian, Byzantine and Oriental objects from the 1996 Archaeological Excavations in Sigtuna, Sweden

64. Norse Fornnordisk Mytologi Inneh¥ller bl.a. den poetiska eddan korsrefererad mellan svenska, engelska och isl¤ndska. http://web.telia.com/~u85906673/

Foto:Bengt A Lundberg Birka vikingastaden (Svenska) expireat("August 13, 2000") Birka The Viking Town (English) expireat("August 13, 2000") Bergens databas expireat("August 13, 2000") Runinskriptioner, sökbar online./ Bergen data base with runic inscriptions, online search enabled. expireat("July 13, 2000") Elevarbete (Svenska) (English) Gylfaginning Gylfaginning (English) Kalevala (Suomeksi) expireat("August 18, 2000") Norse language Nordiskt runnamnslexikon Dictionary of Nordic runic names Databas med runinskriptioner Data base with runic inscriptions. Used on these pages, thanks! (Svenska) Dictionary of names in the Eddas Nytt om runer Rune news Runologi Kalle Runristare Nutida runristare/Contemporary rune carver. Hugins och Munins bo Om korpar i myten och verkligheten/ About Ravens in myths and reality. Vikings: The North Atlantic Saga, traveling exhibition. The year 2000 marks the 1000-year anniversary of the Vikings' arrival in North America Bruket av symboler och arkeologi Bruk och missbruk av symboler. Artikel från Riksantikvarieämbetet.

65. Norse Games The norse were interested in many games. Included among them were The Old norse names of the chess pieces appear to be in general, skákmaðr; http://www.ravensgard.org/prdunham/ngames.html

Norse Games The Norse were interested in many games. Included among them were: Nine Men's Morris The basic rules are as follows: The game is fought in two stages. In stage one each player is permitted to place one of his nine pieces at any junction of line segments (corners or center-lines) in succession. An opponents piece may be taken when a player manages to get three pieces on a single line segment (a mill). (A very few versions do not permit this in stage one.) The strategies in this stage are related to, but are more complex than, the strategies for Tic-Tac-Toe (Noughts and Crosses). When all pieces are down, stage two begins (assuming one of the players hasn't wiped out his opponent; unusual but possible). Each player in succession may move one piece along any line segment to the next junction on that segment. Jumping is not normally permitted. The object in this stage is also to form lines of three (mills). The game ends in one of three ways: a tie, by agreement of the players that neither will be able to form further mills; a win, where one player has been reduced to 2 pieces and is thus unable to make further mills; and finally the equivalent of a stalemate in chess, where one of the players is physically unable to move any of his pieces due to the blocking positions of his opponents pieces. The interpretation of this last position varies, but I think the tendancy is to view it as a loss for the player who can't move. Most of the more complex rules involve what constitutes a mill and what pieces if any need to move to make a new mill.

66. Raven Online Traditionalist norse Pagan Homepage. Information on norse Paganism including Asatru Today magazine and Ravenbok, a complete book on the faith, and the Raven Kindred Association, an organization of kindreds. http://www.webcom.com/lstead/

This page is maintained as an information service to those interested in Norse Paganism or Asatru. The ancient but renewed faith of the North. Our hearts and prayers go out to those who sorrow or are missing loved ones from 9/11. Let us remember those who acted bravely in terrible circumstances, give honor to those who demand our rights not be compromised in the search for justice, ask that said justice be done, and remember the memories of those who were slain. Basic Information (A brief history of Asatru.) Raven Kindred South Raven Kindred South The Raven Kindred Blot Ritual Raven Kindred Holidays 'Tis the Season Freyfaxi Assorted Writings/Articles Ravenbok: The Raven Kindred Ritual Book (Rituals, holidays and more.) RK's Guide to Starting a Kindred (Not as hard as it sounds...) The Freya Hof Asatru Today magazine The Hammer and the Pentagram: Wicca and Asatru Links and Networking Kindred List (Last updated 03/02/03) Links to other Pages of Interest (Norse, Viking and Asatru links, last updated 8/15/02) Not So Mundane Links (Legal matters and related issues, updated 8/1/02.)

67. NKU Athletics Index Official site of the norse with press releases, rosters, pictures, scores and statistics. http://www.nku.edu/~athletics/

SPORTS SPORTS Baseball M Basketball W Basketball Cross Country ... Volleyball NORSE LINKS Archives NAC Page Web Broadcasts Prospective SA ... Volleyball - Holmes named GLVC Player of the Week after averaging 4.89 kpg Volleyball (at Charleston, W. Va.) NKU vs. Shepherd, 2 p.m. NKU at Charleston, 6 p.m. Ky. Wesleyan at NKU, 5 p.m. Cross Country (at A.J. Jolly) Norse Classic, 4:30 p.m. Ky. Wesleyan at NKU, 7:30 p.m. Volleyball (at Charleston, W. Va.) NKU vs. Mars Hill, 9 a.m. NKU vs. Indiana (Pa.), 1 p.m. Lewis at NKU, 9 a.m. Northern Kentucky University 250 Albright Health Center Highland Heights, Ky. 41099 This page has had hits since Oct. 10, 2000 NKU Home Athletics Home Press Releases Contact Athletics

68. Cosmogonic Myths And Theoretical Science - Norse Calendar Days norse Calendar Days. http://www.erols.com/bcccsbs/norscal.htm

Cosmogonic Myths and Theoretical Science Norse Calendar Days Ostla Stone, SE Days of the Week The association of the days of our week named, as many of them are, for the old Norse divinitites, after the god whose hour started the day, is a fairly recent adoption. The Romans observed a nine-day market week and most ancient peoples reckoned time in months. The Jews and Christians observed a seven day week coinciding with the seven days of creation and the four seven day phases of the moon. Our day names are after the Anglo-Saxon useage. These Gods have, in addition, identification with a letter in the Runic Alphabet. Often carved on wood staves or stone, runes were in general use by the fifth century c.e. and were regarded as representing mysteries or secrets. In Norse mythology, Odin was able to discern the meaning of the runes only after a great sacrifice. Sunday The S-rune sowilo represents the Sun and may be associated with the solar serpent. Tueday The T-rune tiwaz represents Tyr and is associated with Polaris the Pole Star. His association with the rules of battle and legal contracts makes Tyr the divine being who presides over communal agreements.

69. Norse Saga Home Page http://server.fhp.uoregon.edu/Norse/

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70. · The OLD NORSE LANGUAGE · Information about the languages of medieval Scandinavia phonology, grammar, vocabulary list including proper names, texts, and links. http://hem2.passagen.se/peter9/gram/index.html

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71. The Norse Discovery Of America Index by Arthur Middleton Reeves, North Ludlow Beamish, and Rasmus B. Anderson. Public domain Etext by the Sacred Text Archive. http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/nda/index.htm

Sacred Texts The Norse Discovery of America by Arthur Middleton Reeves, North Ludlow Beamish, and Rasmus B. Anderson Contents Start Reading This is a collection of texts relating to the voyages of the Norse west to America. A thousand years ago, nearly half a millennium before Columbus, the Norse extended their explorations from Iceland and Greenland to the shores of Northeastern North America, and, possibly, beyond. This volume from the Norroena collection contains all known sagas and documentary fragments which relate to this legendary exploration. It also contains analysis of the texts which should be read with a critical eye. While it is now certain that the Norse reached Nova Scotia, the claims in this book that they reached as far south as Bostonnot to mention Georgia or South Carolinaare still controversial. There is also tangential discussion of whether the Irish managed to get to America prior to the Norse, an even more contentious assertion. Regardless, the texts in this three-part volume open up a window into a vivid era, and give glimpses of religion, society and travel in the period when the Norse were actively exploring the North Atlantic. They contain one of the only detailed descriptions of a pagan women's divination ritual, and deal with the expansion of Christianity from both sides. There are bone-chilling stories of disease, murder and jealousy in the small communities on the leading edge of Viking colonization. Reading these sagas inspires deep understanding of the life and motivations of the Scandinavian sea rovers and respect for their accomplishments in the field of exploration.

72. Valkyrie , Norse Mythology Scandinavian Mythology, preChristian religious beliefs of the Scandinavian people. http://home4.inet.tele.dk/svava/valkyrie.htm

Valkyrie, Valyries, Norse Mythology, Nordisk Mytologi Valkyries, - maidens who served Odin as choosers of slain warriors, who were taken to reside in Valhalla Brynhildr Sigrdrifa Sigrún Sváva Kára Hrist Mist Skeggjöld Skögul Hildr Þrúðr Hlökk Herfjötur Göll Geirahöd Randgríðr Ráðgri'ðr Reginleif Gunnr Róta Skuld Göndul JOHN GRUSE The Valkyrie Oil on Canvas From the Norse Mythology Introduction : Pre-Christian beliefs Gods and Heroes Creation belief Religious rituals The Aesir Family ... Valhalla Scandinavian Mythology, pre-Christian religious beliefs of the Scandinavian people. Most information about Scandinavian mythology is preserved in the Old Norse literature (Icelandic, Swedish, and Norwegian Literature), in the Eddas and later sagas; other material appears in commentaries by the Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus and the German writer Adam of Bremen (flourished about 1075). Fragments of legends are sometimes preserved in old inscriptions and in later folklore. Gods and Heroes Besides Odin, the major deities of Scandinavian mythology were his wife, Frigg, goddess of the home; Thor, god of thunder, who protected humans and the other gods from the giants and who was especially popular among the Scandinavian peasantry; Frey, a god of prosperity; and Freya, sister of Frey, a fertility goddess. Other, lesser gods were Balder, Hermod, Tyr, Bragi, and Forseti; Idun, Nanna, and Sif were among the goddesses. The principle of evil among the gods was represented by the trickster Loki. Many of these deities do not seem to have had special functions; they merely appear as characters in legendary tales.

73. Mythology Brief sections on classical, norse and Egyptian myths. http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0900731.html

in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Daily Almanac for Sep 7, 2005 Skip Navigation Home Almanacs ... Word of the Day Editor's Favorites Back to School Hurricanes Daylight Saving Time Energy Consumption ... Mississippi Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map College Center Scholarship Search College Resources Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips Arts and Entertainment Mythology Greek and Roman Mythology The Olympian Gods and Goddesses Heroes in Greek Mythology The Twelve Labors of Hercules ... Egyptian Mythology See also: American Folklore Encyclopedia: Folklore and Mythology Quiz: The Iliad and the Trojan War Quiz: Ancient Greek Games ... Arts and Entertainment Page Tools: Cite Print Email RSS ... Privacy Related sites: Family Education TeacherVision var zflag_nid="305"; var zflag_cid="181/1"; var zflag_sid="114"; var zflag_width="1"; var zflag_height="1"; var zflag_sz="15";

74. Norway.com Norway .com. Leading online gateway to Norway and Norwegian America. Travel, City guides, Business, Heritage, Events, Brands, Maps. http://www.norseman.no/

YOURNAME@NORWAY.COM NOR-AM FOUNDATION NORSE FEDERATION EVENTS Language Home About us The Norseman Hjemme og ute ... Travel The Norse Federation / Nordmanns-forbundet For friends of Norway around the world Nordmanns-Forbundet NO-0158 Oslo, Norway Tel. (+47) 23 35 71 70 - Fax (+47) 23 35 71 75 norseman@norseman.no Contact us Home About us ... Link exchange Sitemap: A B C D ... Z

75. WELCOME TO THE VTTA The official website for the Viking Trail region of Newfoundland and Labrador, with visitor information for the 1,000 yearold norse settlement at L'Anse aux Meadows. http://www.vikingtrail.org/

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76. Old Norse Etexts Visio Pauli (Old norse and Latin text) Texts with restricted access (for copyright reasons) The rendering of unusual characters (in Norwegian) http://etext.old.no/

Old Norse etexts Sophus Bugge: Sæmundar Edda Völuspá Hávamál Vafþrúðnismál Grímnismál ... Skírnismál (För Skírnis) Hárbarðslióð Hýmiskviða Lokasenna Þrymskviða ... Vegtamskviða (Baldrs draumar) Rígsþula Hyndlulióð Völundarkviða Helgakviða Hjörvarðssonar ... Forspjallsljóð Various texts (The first grammatical treatise) Konungs skuggsiá Visio Pauli (Old Norse and Latin text) Texts with restricted access The rendering of unusual characters (in Norwegian) Links to other etext collections Menota Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda (University of Oregon) Projektet Källtext, Fornsvenska texter Völuspá (Bragi Skúlason) Norrøne tekster og kvad (Foreningen Forn Sed) Jörmungrund (Eysteinn Bjornsson) Netútgáfan (Modern Icelandic orthography) Ordbok öfver Svenska Medeltids-språket

77. Odin - Norse Mythology This article is an attempt to provide a thumbnail sketch of norse mythology, To me, norse mythology is one of the most intriguing, original and http://odin.dep.no/odin/engelsk/om_odin/p10000971/032005-990465/index-dok000-b-n

Odin Government Ministries Help ... Contact us Norse Mythology In the beginning there was cold and heat The way to the North - Norway - has always been regarded as a route that is hard to find, difficult to tread and fraught with unspeakable dangers. To the writers of ancient Greece and Rome Norway was a mythical world - Ultima Thule, peopled by wild barbarians and full of strange and fantastic creatures. In the 4th century BC, the Greek Pytheas described a place where the laws of nature seemed to be suspended, where earth and water and air came together and everything seemed to float about freely. The renowned historian Herodot complained that it was actually quite impossible to say anything at all about the northern regions, because one simply couldn't see a foot in front of one. This was because of all the white feathers that constantly blow in people's faces - the air is thick with such feathers, he wrote, and the ground completely covered by them! We should probably interpret this observation as the somewhat unsuccessful attempt of a southerner to describe a snowstorm. However, it's true enough; Norway has always had more than its share of snow and ice. A major portion of our country lies north of the Arctic Circle. And even though the glaciers have long since receded from these parts, the Ice Age lasted longer in Norway than in most other places. Paganism too lasted longer here in the north. When the rest of Europe had been christianized for almost a thousand years, Norwegians were still worshipping their old pagan gods.

78. Luther Athletics > Football Home Official site of the norse with news items, scores, statistics, player roster and a schedule of games. http://sports.luther.edu/football/index.html

Meet Head Coach Paul Hefty 2005 Coaching Staff 2005 Schedule 2005 Roster Meet Head Coach Paul Hefty 2005 Coaching Staff 2005 Schedule 2005 Roster ... Luther Defeats Martin Luther 55-21

79. Hos-McGrane > Ancient History Projects > Viking Project Menu The norse Storm. by Tom C. Heather R. and Nadine O. Table of Contents. Introduction Viking Civilization Geography History Viking Timeline Religion http://www.internet-at-work.com/hos_mcgrane/viking/eg_viking_menu1.html

Amsterdam Grade 5/6 Projects Ancient History Projects Viking Resources The Norse Storm by Tom C. Heather R. and Nadine O. Table of Contents Introduction Viking Civilization Geography History ... Bibliography Pages Created: Wednesday, 10-September-97 Web pages by L.C. Swanson. Graphics by L. Swanson based on an images (used with permission)

80. Runes, Alphabet Of Mystery Source of Rune information and norse reference books. Categories including meanings, pronunciation, layouts, and section on making your own runes. http://sunnyway.com/runes/

Introduction to Runes - What the runes are. Origins of the Runes - Where the runes came from. Meanings of the Rune Symbols - The Elder Futhark explained. Write in Runes - A javascript will transliterate names or words into rune symbols. The Blank Rune Controversy - Is there a "blank rune"? Pronunciation of Rune Names Runecasting - Runic divination using basic layouts. Runecasting Layouts - Some complex layouts for runic divination. Runecasting Aspects - When should a rune be read as "reversed" or "merkstave"? Make a Rune Set - A rune set you make yourself is the most accurate for divination. Tarot Correspondences - There is a theory that the runes were the original basis for tarot. A Runecaster's Lament - About a common problem... Runic Tattoos - Read before you do it! The Rune Poems - Memory aids to the runes from different ancient cultures. New Rune Poems - These are more relevant to the new millennium.

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