81. Vesicoureteral Reflux - OhioHealth Normally, urine travels in one direction — from your kidneys through drainagetubes (ureters) to your bladder. In vesicoureteral reflux, urine flows http://www.ohiohealth.com/healthreference/reference/17BF4234-8EAF-46FC-9D933F8F1

82. Vesicoureteral Reflux xray2000 Nick\ s Website 3000+ xray images and Info. http://www.e-radiography.net/radpath/v/vcr.htm

Vesicoureteral Reflux Urine normally flows in one directiondown from the kidneys, through tubes called ureters, to the bladder. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters. Normal urinary system Urinary system with reflux http://www.urology.medsch.ucla VUR is most commonly diagnosed in infancy and childhood after the patient has a urinary tract infection (UTI). About one-third of children with UTI are found to have VUR. VUR can lead to infection because urine that remains in the child's urinary tract provides a place for bacteria to grow. But sometimes the infection itself is the cause of VUR. Pathophysiology: Reflux nephropathy is based on persistent reflux of sterile or infected urine from the bladder to one or both kidneys via the ureters. Although sterile VUR may cause renal scarring, most studies indicate that the appearance of renal scarring or the extension of established renal scars requires infection (Escherichia coli is the common pathogen). The higher the grade of reflux, the greater the likelihood of development of new or progressive scarring in association with infection. Intrarenal reflux, or the extension of VUR into the collecting tubules of the nephrons that allows urinary microorganisms access to the renal parenchyma, is believed to be particularly important in the development of renal scarring.

83. Vesicoureteral Reflux -- ECureMe.com UPDATED SARS INFORMATION,Check health symptoms, make a self diagnosis, ask adoctor or veterinarian online, view an encyclopedia of diseases treatments, http://www.ecureme.com/emyhealth/Pediatrics/Vesicoureteral_Reflux.asp

DisplayAd("468","60"); eCureMe Life : Your Healthy Living. Click Here! Welcome, eCureMe.com Select a Health Topic ADD/ADHD Allergy Alternative Medicine Arthritis Asthma Beyond Dieting Body Aches and Pains Breast Cancer Cancer Awareness Cardio Health Children's Health Colon Cancer Contraception COPD/Emphysema Dental Health Diabetes Elder Care Emergency Room Epilepsy Erectile Dysfunction Eye Care Fertility Fitness Gastrointestinal Health Glands and Hormones Gynecologic Health Hair Loss Headache Healthcare Today Healthy Aging HIV and AIDS Infectious Diseases Kidney Health Leukemia Liver Health Lung Cancer Lymphoma Multiple Sclerosis Men's Health Mental Health Nutrition Osteoporosis Parkinson's Disease Sexual Health Skin Health Sleep Disorders Special Events Stroke Surgeries and Procedures Teen Health Thyroid Health Urologic Health Vascular Disease Women's Health Workplace Health September 9, 2005 eCureMe Life Healthy Living Shop Medical Supplies Calorie Count ... Hospital Directory Vesicoureteral Reflux Reflux into the ureter The abnormal flow of urine from the bladder, upstream into one or both ureters and thence into the kidneys. Symptoms of bladder infection Incontinence of urine Signs of Pyelonephritis or dilation of the urinary tract on X-ray, ultrasound, or other imaging studies

84. American Family Physician: Follow-up Renal Sonography For Vesicoureteral Reflux Followup renal sonography for vesicoureteral reflux. American Family Physician,Jan 1, 2005 by Caroline Wellbery. new. Save a personal copy of this article http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3225/is_1_71/ai_n8704722

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Advanced Search Home Help IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports 10,000,000 articles - not found on any other search engine. FindArticles American Family Physician Jan 1, 2005 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Related Searches Children / Health aspects Urinary tract infections / Care and treatment Kidney diseases / Diagnosis Featured Titles for AAACN Viewpoint ABNF Journal, The AIDS Treatment News AMAA Journal ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Follow-up renal sonography for vesicoureteral reflux American Family Physician Jan 1, 2005 by Caroline Wellbery Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Children with febrile urinary tract infections should be evaluated with voiding cystoure-thrography and renal sonography, but it is unclear whether repeat ultrasonography is necessary. Lowe and associates attempted to determine the usefulness of performing follow-up ultrasonography in patients with documented primary vesicoureteral reflux and normal results on the initial ultrasound examination in otherwise healthy children. Using a computerized scheduling data-base, the authors identified 64 children one month to 10 years of age with vesicoureteral reflux, who were scheduled for follow-up renal sonography. These 128 "renal units" (each renal unit signified one kidney) were normal on initial sonography and on follow-up, with the time from initial sonogram to last follow-up sonogram ranging from four months to slightly more than five years. The majority (81.3 percent) of the children had been treated with antibiotics. About two thirds (65.6 percent) of reflux cases resolved spontaneously, and about one third (34.4 per-cent) resolved with surgical intervention.

85. Pamphlet By: National Kidney And Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse: Ve Full text of the article, vesicoureteral reflux Pamphlet from Pamphlet byNational Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse, http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0HUC/is_2000_Sept_1/ai_70189737

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Advanced Search Home Help IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports 10,000,000 articles - not found on any other search engine. FindArticles Pamphlet by: National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse Sept 1, 2000 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Related Searches Health pamphlets / Reports Urinary tract infections in children / Causes of Bladder diseases / Care and treatment Featured Titles for AAACN Viewpoint ABNF Journal, The AIDS Treatment News AMAA Journal ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Vesicoureteral Reflux - Pamphlet Pamphlet by: National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse Sept 1, 2000 Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it.

86. Vesicoureteral Reflux Patient medical question and answer from The Urology Forum. Health topic areaand articles about pediatric urology Topics ,kidney. http://www.medhelp.org/forums/Urology/messages/30054.html

Questions in the Urology Forum have been answered by Dr. Kevin Pho, (who is board certified in Internal Medicine) and by urologists from Henry Ford Health System. vesicoureteral reflux Forum: The Urology Forum Topic: Pediatric Urology Subject: vesicoureteral reflux From To Post Stacy My daughter is 5 months old and was diagnosed with reflux when she was 3 months. She has had a kidney ultrasound and a voiding cystogram. Our urologist diagnosed her as having grade 2 on the right and grade 3 on the left. He is recommending antiobiotic therapy instead of surgery to see if the problem will correct itself as she gets older. We recently went for a 2nd opinion with a different urologist. She took one look at all the x-rays, and immediately said that she had grade 3 on the right, and grade 4 or 5 on the left. She is recommending that we get a DMSA and a cystoscopy. She believes that our daughter needs surgery right away, but that we may be able to hold off until she's 18 months old depending on the outcome of those two tests. She has had no infections- no symptoms of any kind. (This problem was actually diagnosed in utero, as her kidney appeared to be dialated in one of my ultrasounds when I was pregnant.)

87. Vesicoureteral Reflux - Corrective Surgery Patient medical question and answer from The Urology Forum. Health topic areaand articles about pediatric urology Topics vesicoureteral reflux,. http://www.medhelp.org/forums/Urology/messages/30665.html

Questions in the Urology Forum have been answered by Dr. Kevin Pho, (who is board certified in Internal Medicine) and by urologists from Henry Ford Health System. Vesicoureteral Reflux - corrective surgery Forum: The Urology Forum Topic: Pediatric Urology Subject: Vesicoureteral Reflux - corrective surgery From To Post MiaIShook Forum-M.D.-KYP MiaIShook Without examinination, I cannot make one recommendation over another, but here are some comments of medicine vs surgery from UptoDate. Both medical and surgical management of severe reflux appear to be of roughly equal efficacy and choosing between these options is dependent upon clinical judgment. Medical therapy in such children includes daily prophylactic antibiotics which are usually continued until the reflux resolves (as determined from annual radionuclide cystography) the child reaches the age of five to seven, the time at which repeat infection, if it occurs, is unlikely to produce new scars. Surgical correction of VUR should be individualized and is probably indicated in the following settings: - The presence of gross reflux and ureteral dilatation in a young child (particularly if under two years of age) even without marked scarring, since new scars will develop in up to 60 percent of these cases.

88. UpToDate Clinical Manifestations And Management Of Vesicoureteral Reflux INTRODUCTION — vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the retrograde passage of urinefrom the bladder into the upper urinary tract. It is the most common urologic http://patients.uptodate.com/topic.asp?file=pedineph/14350

89. Nature Clinical Practice Urology | Predictive Value Of Procalcitonin For Vesicou (2005) Procalcitonin as a predictor of vesicoureteral reflux in children with afirst febrile urinary tract infection. Pediatrics 115 e706e709 PubMed http://www.nature.com/ncpuro/journal/v2/n7/full/ncpuro0222.html

@import "/common/style/layout.css";/* do not edit this stylesheet */ @import "/common/style/main.css";/* do not edit this stylesheet */ @import "/clinicalpractice/style/layout_group.css";/* do not edit this stylesheet */ @import "/clinicalpractice/style/group.css";/* do not edit this stylesheet */ @import "/ncpuro/style/site.css";/* edit this stylesheet only */ Accessibility statement Jump to main content Jump to main navigation Jump to search ... ABOUT NPG E-MAIL: PASSWORD Save password Forgotten password? MY ACCOUNT E-ALERTS SUBSCRIBE ... REGISTER Text to search for Advanced search Home Archive Vol 2 No 7 ... Research Highlights Extract Research Highlights Nature Clinical Practice Urology doi Predictive value of procalcitonin for vesicoureteral reflux This article has no abstract so we have provided the first paragraph of the full text. et al . investigated the relationship between procalcitonin (PCT) blood concentrations and VUR in children with a first febrile urinary tract infection, to determine whether PCT was able to predict the presence of VUR. Full text of this article is available with one of the following: Personal subscription Purchase your own personal subscription to this journal. Already a subscriber? Please login for immediate access.

90. Vesicoureteral Reflux: Latest Option For Evaluation In Children -- O’Hara 221 ( vesicoureteral reflux diagnosis and grading with echoenhanced cystosonographyversus voiding cystourethrography. Radiology 2001; 221359-365. http://radiology.rsnajnls.org/cgi/content/full/221/2/283

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... TABLE OF CONTENTS QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: Published online before print October 1, 2001, 10.1148/radiol.2212011309 This Article Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: most recent Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Related articles in Radiology Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed ... Download to citation manager PubMed PubMed Citation Radiology. RSNA Editorial Vesicoureteral Reflux: Latest Option for Evaluation in Children Address correspondence to the author (e-mail: s.ohara@chmcc.org Index terms: cystosonography to the menu of radiographic voiding cystourethrography and radionuclide cystography for detection of vesicoureteral reflux in pediatric patients. Actually, radiologists in the United States will have to wait a little longer for U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of ultrasonographic (US) contrast agents. Still, these agents will likely send the clinical pathways

91. Vesicoureteral Reflux: Can The Urethra Be Adequately Assessed By Using Contrast- vesicoureteral reflux Can the Urethra Be Adequately Assessed by UsingContrastenhanced Voiding US of the Bladder?1 http://radiology.rsnajnls.org/cgi/content/abstract/234/1/235

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... TABLE OF CONTENTS QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2341031503 This Article Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) ... Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal ... Download to citation manager PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Berrocal, T. Articles by Arjonilla, A. Radiology RSNA Pediatric Imaging Vesicoureteral Reflux: Can the Urethra Be Adequately Assessed by Using Contrast-enhanced Voiding US of the Bladder? Teresa Berrocal, MD, PhD and Antonia Arjonilla, MD From the Department of Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 246, 28046 Madrid, Spain. Received September 30, 2003; revision requested December 10; final revision received March 16, 2004; accepted April 15. Address correspondence to T.B. (e-mail: tberrocal.hulp@salud.madrid.org PURPOSE: voiding ultrasonography (US) for assessment of the urethra by using voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) as the reference standard.

92. MIR Teaching File Case Rs008 In this case, the images confirmed the vesicoureteral reflux. This is not unusualin patients with ureteral stents. ACR Codes and Keywords http://gamma.wustl.edu/rs008te187.html

Case Author(s): Charles Pringle, M.D., Barry A. Siegel, M.D. , 01/10/96 . Rating: #D2, #Q3 Diagnosis: Vesicoureteral Reflux Brief history: Past history of colon cancer Images: Posterior images, 1 minute through 19 minutes after injection of Tc-99m MAG3 View main image(rs) in a separate image viewer View second image(rs). Sequential images after administration of furosemide (Lasix). View third image(mm). Split renal function calculation and time-activity curve View fourth image(mm). Lasix washout curves Full history/Diagnosis is available below Diagnosis: Vesicoureteral Reflux Full history: Previous history of colon cancer approximately 12 years ago. Treatment included radiation therapy. The patient subsequently developed radiation cystitis and a small-capacity bladder. She also subsequently developed bilateral ureteral obstruction, which has been treated with bilateral ureteral stents, which are now in place. Radiopharmaceutical: 7.3 mCi Tc-99m MAG3 Findings: There is prompt mildly asymmetric perfusion to both kidneys, with left kidney perfusion slightly less than the right. There is also prompt uptake and excretion by both kidneys, although the left renal excretion is slightly less than the right. Split renal function is 62% right kidney and 38% left kidney.

93. MIR Teaching File Case Rs009 Patient with vesicoureteral reflux, evaluate for renal scarring. Images. Aboveleft and right posterior pinhole images. Below posterior oblique pinhole http://gamma.wustl.edu/rs009te281.html

Case Author(s): Jerold Wallis, M.D. , 7/5/96 . Rating: #D1, #Q3 After viewing the image(s), the Full history/Diagosis is available by using the link here or at the bottom of this page Brief history: Patient with vesicoureteral reflux, evaluate for renal scarring. Images: Above: left and right posterior pinhole images Below: posterior oblique pinhole images View main image(rs) in a separate viewing box View second image(rs). For comparison, standard posterior images with a high resolution low energy collimator. Search for similar cases Full history/Diagosis is also available Return to the Teaching File home page

94. Familial Vesicoureteral Reflux: Testing Replication Of Linkage In Seven New Mult vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) (OMIM %193000), a common cause of childhood renalfailure, is strongly influenced by hereditary factors. http://www.jasn.org/cgi/content/abstract/ASN.2004121034v1

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... SEARCH QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: Published ahead of print on April 13, 2005 Journal of the American Society of Nephrology American Society of Nephrology doi: 10.1681/ASN.2004121034 This Article Full Text (Rapid PDF) All Versions of this Article: ASN.2004121034v1 most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal ... Download to citation manager PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Sanna-Cherchi, S. Articles by Gharavi, A. G. CLINICAL SCIENCE: Human Genetics Familial Vesicoureteral Reflux: Testing Replication of Linkage in Seven New Multigenerational Kindreds Simone Sanna-Cherchi Adam Reese Terry Hensle Gianluca Caridi Claudia Izzi You Yeun Kim Anita Konka Luisa Murer Francesco Scolari Roberto Ravazzolo Gian Marco Ghiggeri Ali G. Gharavi

95. NIH Guide: CLINICAL STUDY OF VESICOURETERAL REFLUX IN CHILDREN RESEARCH OBJECTIVES Background vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), the retrograde flowof urine from the bladder to the upper urinary tract, is one of the most http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-DK-04-019.html

CLINICAL STUDY OF VESICOURETERAL REFLUX IN CHILDREN RELEASE DATE: July 8, 2004 RFA Number: RFA-DK-04-019 (see amendment NOT-DK-04-010 ) EXPIRATION DATE: March 17, 2005 Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION: National Institutes of Health (NIH) ( http://www.nih.gov ) COMPONENT OF PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) ( http://www.niddk.nih.gov/ http://www.niddk.nih.gov/fund/divisions/KUH/kuhconferences.htm http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/modular/modular.htm ). Specifically, if you are submitting an application with direct costs in each year of $250,000 or less, use the modular budget format. Otherwise follow the instructions for non-modular budget research grant applications. This program does not require cost sharing as defined in the current NIH Grants Policy Statement at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/nihgps_2003/NIHGPS_Part2.htm http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-04-040.html http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-04-040.html http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/data_sharing/ and, http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/data_sharing/data_sharing_guidance.htm#goals

96. Entrez PubMed PURPOSE To determine the association between vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) andthe presence of acute pyelonephritis in children with urinary tract infections http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8

97. Entrez PubMed Of the patients 92 had unilateral vesicoureteral reflux, 129 had bilateral refluxand 37 had a refluxing duplex system including 6 with bilateral duplex http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

98. Child Health Library - Genitourinary And Kidney Disorders - Vesicoureteral Reflu Detailed information on vesicoureteral reflux, including cause, symptom, diagnosis,and treatment from Child Health Library of Children s Hospital of http://www.chp.edu/greystone/urology/vur.php

About Parents Professionals Library ... Research Select Another Subject Adolescent Medicine Arthritis Burns Cardiovascular Disorders Craniofacial Anomalies Dermatology Eye Care Growth and Development High-Risk Newborn High-Risk Pregnancy Infectious Diseases Medical Genetics Mental Health Neurological Disorders Normal Newborn Oncology Orthopaedics Respiratory Disorders Surgery Terminally Ill, Care of Transplantation Urology About Pittsburgh Directions and Parking Departments and Services Find a Doctor ... Genitourinary and Kidney Disorders Online Resources Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) What is vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)? Vesicoureteral reflux occurs when urine that dwells in the bladder flows back into the ureters and often back into the kidneys. The bladder is the hollow, muscular organ that stores urine before urination occurs. The bladder has three small openings: two connect the ureters where urine is drained down from the kidneys, and one connects the bladder to the urethra where urine exits the body. The ureters are funnel-shaped tubes that carry urine from the kidneys. Ureters enter the bladder at a diagonal angle and have a special one-way valve system that normally prevents urine from flowing back up the ureters in the direction of the kidneys. When a child has vesicoureteral reflux, the mechanism that prevents the back-flow of urine does not work, allowing urine to flow in both directions. A child who has vesicoureteral reflux is at risk for developing recurrent kidney infections, which, over time, can cause damage and scarring to the kidneys.

99. WebMD - Vesicoureteral Reflux vesicoureteral reflux (by Melissa96996 on Jul26-05) I don t know anything specificabout vesicoureteral reflux, but my son had reflux due to posterier http://boards.webmd.com/webx?THDX@678.NxejaWx6m16.0@.59ad32b0!thdchild=.59ad32b0

100. Vesicoureteral Reflux Detailed information on vesicoureteral reflux, including cause, symptom, diagnosis,and treatment at St. John’s Mercy Medical Center, St. Louis Missouri. http://www.stjohnsmercy.org/healthinfo/adult/urology/vesicour.asp

Home Contact Us Site Map Search for: WebNursery Health Info Find a Job Find a Physician ... Urology Printable Version Vesicoureteral Reflux What is vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)? Vesicoureteral reflux occurs when urine in the bladder flows back into the ureters and often back into the kidneys. The bladder is the hollow, muscular organ that stores urine before urination occurs. The bladder has three small openings: two connect the ureters where urine is drained down from the kidneys, and one connects the bladder to the urethra where urine exits the body. The ureters are funnel-shaped tubes that carry urine from the kidneys. Ureters enter the bladder at a diagonal angle and have a special one-way valve system that normally prevents urine from flowing back up the ureters in the direction of the kidneys. When a child has vesicoureteral reflux, as this condition is most frequently diagnosed in infancy and childhood, the mechanism that prevents the back-flow of urine does not work, allowing urine to flow in both directions. A child who has vesicoureteral reflux is at risk for developing recurrent kidney infections, which, over time, can cause damage and scarring to the kidneys. What causes vesicoureteral reflux?

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