21. Report Of The Management Of Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux In Report of the Management of Primary vesicoureteral reflux in Children http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

22. UrologyHealth.org - Pediatric Conditions - Abnormalities - Vesicoureteral Reflux How is a urinary tract infection related to vesicoureteral reflux? A urinarytract infection (UTI) is a Also referred to as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). http://www.urologyhealth.org/pediatric/index.cfm?cat=01&topic=155

23. Virtual Children's Hospital Urology Pediatric Urology A description of vesicoureteral reflux along with information such as how to tell if your child has this, what it does, if surgery is necessary and http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

24. UrologyHealth.org Glossary: Vesicoureteral Reflux vesicoureteral reflux (VESSih-koh-yoo-REE-ter-ul). Also referred to as VUR.An abnormal condition in which urine backs up from the bladder into the http://www.urologyhealth.org/glossary/popup.cfm?id=109

25. Vesicoureteral Reflux In Children - Keep Kids Healthy vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a condition that causes urine to move backwards from the bladder, through one or both of the ureters, and up to the http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

26. A To Z Encyclopedia Topic Vesicoureteral Reflux vesicoureteral reflux occurs when urine that dwells in the bladder flows back When a child has vesicoureteral reflux, the mechanism that prevents the http://web1.tch.harvard.edu/cfapps/A2ZtopicDisplay.cfm?Topic=Vesicoureteral Refl

27. EMedicine - Vesicoureteral Reflux Article By Caleb P Nelson, MD vesicoureteral reflux vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), or the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the ureter, is an anatomic and functional http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

28. Vesicoureteral Reflux Detailed information on vesicoureteral reflux, including cause, symptom, diagnosis,and treatment. http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/adult_urology/vesicour.cfm

[ Skip Navigation ] Health System Home For Health Answers Healthcare Professionals ... Advanced Search Health System Search Search for Information People UVa Home Health System News Health System Events (all) Health System Publications ... Making a Gift Topics All About Cancer Blood Disorders Bone Disorders Breast Health Cancer Cardiovascular Disease Dermatology Diabetes Digestive Disorders Endocrinology Environmental Medicine Eye Care Glossary Gynecological Health Infectious Diseases Kidney Disease Men's Health Mental Health Nervous System Disorders Non-Trauma Emergency Oral Health Orthopaedics Otolaryngology Pathology Pediatrics, General Health Prostate Health Radiology Respiratory Disorders Skin Cancer Surgical Care Urology Women's Health UVa Health Topics A to Z FIND A DOCTOR Bladder Cancer Erectile Dysfunction Female Pelvic Medicine and Surgery ... WHY CHOOSE UVA Search This Site Vesicoureteral Reflux What is vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)? Vesicoureteral reflux occurs when urine in the bladder flows back into the ureters and often back into the kidneys. The bladder is the hollow, muscular organ that stores urine before urination occurs. The bladder has three small openings: two connect the ureters where urine is drained down from the kidneys, and one connects the bladder to the urethra where urine exits the body. The ureters are funnel-shaped tubes that carry urine from the kidneys. Ureters enter the bladder at a diagonal angle and have a special one-way valve system that normally prevents urine from flowing back up the ureters in the direction of the kidneys. When a child has vesicoureteral reflux, as this condition is most frequently diagnosed in infancy and childhood, the mechanism that prevents the back-flow of urine does not work, allowing urine to flow in both directions. A child who has vesicoureteral reflux is at risk for developing recurrent kidney infections, which, over time, can cause damage and scarring to the kidneys.

29. Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) Detailed information on vesicoureteral reflux, including cause, symptom, diagnosis,and treatment. http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/peds_urology/vur.cfm

[ Skip Navigation ] Health System Home For Health Answers Healthcare Professionals ... Advanced Search Health System Search Search for Information People UVa Home Health System News Health System Events (all) Health System Publications ... Making a Gift Topics Adolescent Medicine Allergy/Asthma/Immunology Blood Disorders Burns Cancer Common Injuries/Poison Tips Craniofacial Anomalies Dermatology Diabetes/Endo/Metabolism Eye Care Genitourinary/Kidney High-Risk Newborn High-Risk Pregnancy Infectious Diseases Medical Genetics Mental Health Nervous System Disorders Normal Newborns Oral Health Orthopaedics Pediatric Surgery Respiratory Disorders Terminal Illness in Children Transplantation UVa Health Topics A to Z FIND A DOCTOR Pediatric Nephrology Pediatric Urology MAKE AN APPOINTMENT ... CLINICAL TRIALS Search This Site Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) What is vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)? Vesicoureteral reflux occurs when urine that dwells in the bladder flows back into the ureters and often back into the kidneys. The bladder is the hollow, muscular organ that stores urine before urination occurs. The bladder has three small openings: two connect the ureters where urine is drained down from the kidneys, and one connects the bladder to the urethra where urine exits the body. The ureters are funnel-shaped tubes that carry urine from the kidneys. Ureters enter the bladder at a diagonal angle and have a special one-way valve system that normally prevents urine from flowing back up the ureters in the direction of the kidneys. When a child has vesicoureteral reflux, the mechanism that prevents the back-flow of urine does not work, allowing urine to flow in both directions. A child who has vesicoureteral reflux is at risk for developing recurrent kidney infections, which, over time, can cause damage and scarring to the kidneys.

30. Vesicoureteral Reflux In Children - Keep Kids Healthy vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a condition that causes urine to move backwardsfrom the bladder, through one or both of the ureters, and up to the kidneys. http://www.keepkidshealthy.com/welcome/conditions/vesicoureteral_reflux.html

Bookstore Site Map Contact Us Help ... What's New? Search this site: Advanced Search Main Menu Useful Tools Index of Topics Pediatric Problems Parenting Tips ... Web Links Online Resources What's New Reviews Growth Charts Online Forums ... Height Calculator Newsletters: Subscribe to get free news, tips and updates. Recommend Us tell a friend about us or email this page to a friend Main Diseases and Conditions Vesicoureteral Reflux Most children with urinary tract infections, especially if they are younger than five years old will need some testing done to make sure that they do not have urinary reflux, or vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). This is a condition that causes urine to move backwards from the bladder, through one or both of the ureters, and up to the kidneys. It is especially important to test children under 2-5 years old with a UTI and older children that have more than one infection. Up to 50% of children with a UTI may have reflux on further testing. Related Topics Urinary Tract Infections Vesicoureteral reflux can either be primary , due to an intrinsic anatomic deformity of the ureterovesical junction (where the ureter enters the bladder), which is usually congenital and eventually resolves spontaneously in most cases. Vesicoureteral reflux can also be

31. Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Information on vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in your child, provided by CincinnatiChildren s Hospital Medical Center. http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/info/urinary/diagnose/vesicoureteral-r

Home Contact Us Site Map Go to Advanced Search ... Urine Accidents (Enuresis) Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) Home Care Kidney Transplant Overview Tests and Procedures ... Wellness Conditions and Diagnoses Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) Related Services Urology Explanation Terms Diagnosis ... Treatment What is vesicoureteral reflux? To understand vesicoureteral ( ves -ih-ko-yu- ree -ter-ul) reflux, it is necessary to first understand the normal structure and function of the urinary tract. The urinary system Blood in the body passes through the kidneys. The kidneys filter the liquid waste products out of the blood. This liquid waste (urine) passes through the ureters and into the bladder. When the bladder is full, the child has the urge to urinate. During urination, when the child goes to the bathroom, the urine passes through the urethra, a tube which carries the urine out of the body. Reflux With children who have vesicoureteral reflux, the urine backflows or refluxes from the bladder up the ureters towards the kidneys. Reflux is caused by a faulty valve mechanism between the ureter and bladder. It is a condition with which people are born. It tends to run in families. If your child has reflux, your healthcare provider may recommend testing for the condition in your other children. Reflux becomes a problem when urine becomes infected. Infected urine usually stays within the bladder. When reflux exists, however, bacteria can get into the kidneys and cause a kidney infection. This can lead to kidney damage.

32. Vesicoureteral Reflux Penn State Hershey Medical Center provides world class care and services to patients. http://www.hmc.psu.edu/healthinfo/uz/vesicoureteralreflux.htm

33. Pediatric Urology - Vesicoureteral Reflux UCI Medical Center provides advanced healthcare services, including diagnosisand treatment programs for cancer, neurosurgery, heart surgery, pediatrics, http://www.ucihealth.com/HealthcareServices/peduro15.htm

UCI Online UCI Medical Center Home University Children's Hospital Home Search Our Site ... Pediatric Department Pediatric Urology Antoci Center for Pediatric Urology and Nephrology Pediatric Urology and Kidney DiseaseServices Bedwetting Circumcision ... Our Staff Featured Video: Dr. Alan Shanberg discusses corrective surgery for undescended testicles. A Child's Bill of Rights Vesicoureteral Reflux Vesicoureteral reflux, or "reflux," is a condition affecting about 1 percent of children, girls more commonly than boys. In children with reflux, urine travels back up from the bladder into the kidneys. Normally, this is prevented by a special valve mechanism. As the bladder fills, the ureter, which carries urine from the kidney, becomes compressed preventing urine from traveling back up into the kidney. In children with reflux, this mechanism doesn’t work. Reflux is also more likely in children with obstructed bladders or certain neurologic problems. Reflux itself is usually of no consequence; it is when reflux is associated with a urinary tract infection (UTI) that problems can begin, including kidney infection, with possible permanent scarring of the kidneys. In the worst cases, this scarring can lead to high blood pressure and even kidney failure.

34. Medem: Medical Library: Vesicoureteral Reflux vesicoureteral reflux. Urine normally flows in one direction — down from the kidneys, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the abnormal flow of urine from the http://www.medem.com/MedLB/article_detaillb.cfm?article_ID=ZZZXJOH3RBC&sub_cat=1

35. Vesicoureteral Reflux CHC Wausau Hospital s Medical Library and Patient Education Center providesresearch services and healthcare information to physicians, http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00070240.html

Main Search Index Definition Description Causes ... Resources Vesicoureteral reflux Definition Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) refers to a condition in which urine flows from the bladder, back up the ureter, and back into the kidneys. Description The normal flow of urine begins in the collecting system of each kidney. Urine then flows out of each kidney and into a tube called the ureter. Each ureter leads into the bladder, where the urine collects until it is passed out of the body. Normally, urine should flow only in this direction. In vesicoureteral reflux, however, urine that has already collected in the bladder is able to flow backwards from the bladder, up the ureter, and back into the collecting system of the kidney. VUR may be present in either one or both ureters. Vesicoureteral reflux causes damage to the kidneys in two ways: The kidney is not designed to withstand very much pressure. When VUR is present, backpressure of the urine on the kidney is significant. This can damage the kidney. The kidney is usually sterile, meaning that no bacteria are normally present within it. In VUR, bacteria that enter through the urinary tract may be carried back up the ureter with the urine. These bacteria can enter the kidney, causing severe infection.

36. Urology - Vesicoureteral Reflux vesicoureteral reflux occurs when urine in the bladder flows back into the uretersand When a child has vesicoureteral reflux, as this condition is most http://uuhsc.utah.edu/healthinfo/adult/urology/vesicour.htm

Vesicoureteral Reflux What is vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)? Vesicoureteral reflux occurs when urine in the bladder flows back into the ureters and often back into the kidneys. The bladder is the hollow, muscular organ that stores urine before urination occurs. The bladder has three small openings: two connect the ureters where urine is drained down from the kidneys, and one connects the bladder to the urethra where urine exits the body. The ureters are funnel-shaped tubes that carry urine from the kidneys. Ureters enter the bladder at a diagonal angle and have a special one-way valve system that normally prevents urine from flowing back up the ureters in the direction of the kidneys. When a child has vesicoureteral reflux, as this condition is most frequently diagnosed in infancy and childhood, the mechanism that prevents the back-flow of urine does not work, allowing urine to flow in both directions. A child who has vesicoureteral reflux is at risk for developing recurrent kidney infections, which, over time, can cause damage and scarring to the kidneys. What causes vesicoureteral reflux?

37. Vesicoureteral Reflux vesicoureteral reflux has resulted in massively enlarged and thickened uretersand chronic pyelonephritis. Previous Next http://biomed.brown.edu/Courses/BI279/Lec10/Lec10-B.htm

Vesicoureteral Reflux Vesicoureteral reflux has resulted in massively enlarged and thickened ureters and chronic pyelonephritis. Previous Next Return to Systemic Pathology Page

38. Virtual Children's Hospital: Urology: Pediatric Urology: Vesicoureteral Reflux vesicoureteral reflux describes a condition where the urine goes backwards fromthe bladder into the tubes ( ureters ) that usually bring urine from the http://www.vh.org/pediatric/patient/urology/faq/refluxsurgery.html

Urology What is Vesicoureteral Reflux? Christopher S. Cooper, M.D., Pediatric Urologist Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed First Published: January 2000 Last Revised: May 2000 What is reflux? Vesicoureteral reflux describes a condition where the urine goes backwards from the bladder into the tubes ("ureters") that usually bring urine from the kidneys. This occurs when there is an abnormal insertion of the ureter through the bladder wall into the inside of the bladder. Some children with abnormally high pressures in the bladder also have reflux despite a normal insertion of the ureter into the bladder. How do I know if my child has reflux? Many children with reflux will develop a urinary tract infection. As part of the usual evaluation of a child with a urinary tract infection, a special study called a "voiding cystourethrogram" or "VCUG" should be performed. A VCUG is done by placing a catheter in the bladder and filling the bladder with contrast material that can be seen on an X-ray. If the child has reflux the X-ray will show the contrast material move out of the bladder and go up into the ureter (this often happens when the child urinates). About a third of the siblings of a child with reflux will also have reflux. A screening cystogram of siblings is therefore recommended even if they have not had a urinary tract infection. Other children are found to have a dilated kidney on prenatal ultrasound and a VCUG obtained after birth detects reflux. What does reflux do?

39. Virtual Children's Hospital: CQQA: Visicoureteral Reflux VUR stands for vesicoureteral reflux. It is a problem of the urinary tract (system Information about vesicoureteral reflux. Virtual Children s Hospital. http://www.vh.org/pediatric/patient/pediatrics/cqqa/vur.html

Pediatrics Common Questions, Quick Answers VUR (Vesicoureteral Reflux) Donna D'Alessandro, M.D. Lindsay Huth, B.A. Peer Review Status: Internally Reviewed Creation Date: February 2002 Last Revision Date: April 2002 Common Questions, Quick Answers What is VUR? What causes it? Who can get it? ... When should I call the doctor? What is VUR? VUR stands for Vesicoureteral Reflux. It is a problem of the urinary tract (system that rids the body of urine). The ureters are the tubes that take urine from the kidneys to the bladder. "Reflux" means "backward flow." VUR is when urine flows backward from the bladder into the ureters instead of through the bladder and out the body. Children are born with this condition. What causes it? In children with VUR, the tubes that connect to the bladder don't work right. The tubes may be too short or the openings may not shut right. Some cases of VUR are caused by high pressure in the bladder. Who can get it? VUR tends to run in families. Children with VUR are likely to have brothers or sisters with VUR. (1 out of 3 of his brothers or sisters is likely to have it.) If a child has VUR, his brothers and sisters should also be tested for it.

40. Introduction: Vesicoureteral Reflux - WrongDiagnosis.com Introduction to vesicoureteral reflux as a medical condition including symptoms,diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/v/vesicoureteral_reflux/intro.htm

Home Symptoms Diseases Risks ... Diseases Search our medical database Subscribe to our free Newsletter sample Send this page to a friend Condition Lists By Organ By Symptom By Class By Prevalence ... List A-Z Current chapter: Vesicoureteral reflux Next sections Basic Summary for Vesicoureteral reflux Types of Vesicoureteral reflux Causes of Vesicoureteral reflux Symptoms of Vesicoureteral reflux ... Diagnostic Tests for Vesicoureteral reflux Next chapters: Neurogenic bladder Vaginal fistula Incontinence Urine retention ... Feedback Introduction: Vesicoureteral reflux Vesicoureteral reflux: Reverse flow of urine from bladder back into kidneys. Vesicoureteral reflux: Urine normally flows in one direction down from the kidneys, through tubes called ureters, to the bladder. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters. Researching symptoms of Vesicoureteral reflux: Further information about the symptoms of Vesicoureteral reflux is available including a list of symptoms of Vesicoureteral reflux , or alternatively return to research other symptoms in the symptom center Treatments for Vesicoureteral reflux: Various information is available about treatments available for Vesicoureteral reflux , or research treatments for other diseases.

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