61. Adult Health Advisor 2004.2: Coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever) It usually affects the lungs but can affect other parts of the body as well. It is commonly called cocci or valley fever. http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/aha/aha_coccidom_crs.htm

Adult Health Topics All Health Topics Find a UMHS Doctor Search Adult Topics Search All Topics This information is approved and/or reviewed by U-M Health System providers but it is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a substitute for medical treatment. You should speak to your physician or make an appointment to be seen if you have questions or concerns about this information or your medical condition. Index Spanish version Coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever) What is coccidioidomycosis? Coccidioidomycosis is a disease caused by a fungus (mold). The fungus lives in the soil of the central valley of California and the deserts of the southwestern US and northwestern Mexico. It usually affects the lungs but can affect other parts of the body as well. It is commonly called cocci or valley fever. How does it occur? You can get infected by breathing in the fungus while you are camping, working, or digging in the desert. The fungus can also infect you when it is picked up by desert winds and blown into the area where you live. It cannot be passed from one person to another or through contact with an infected animal. What are the symptoms?

62. Rift Valley Fever Monitor Climate and Disease Connections Rift valley fever Monitor. RVF Home Background Environment Transmission Climate Monthly Updates References http://www.geis.fhp.osd.mil/GEIS/SurveillanceActivities/RVFWeb/indexRVF.asp

Climate and Disease Connections: Rift Valley Fever Monitor RVF Home Background Environment Transmission ... References Monitoring and predicting disease outbreaks early enough to prevent them or reduce their impact on society is a major goal of the DoD's Global Emerging Infections System. A collaborative project between DoD-GEIS and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center accomplishes that goal, for at least for one disease: Rift valley fever. Using near-real-time satellite vegetation measurements and associated climate data sets including sea surface temperatures and satellite derived cloudiness indices predictions about emerging Rift Valley Fever epidemics in East Africa can be made several months before an outbreak occurs. Primarily a disease of sheep, cattle and other animals, RVF can be transmitted to humans by Aedes and Culex sp. mosquitoes. Outbreaks can be devastating to the farming economies of rural East Africa and can cause significant human morbidity and mortality. Outbreaks of RVF are now well known to be coupled with above normal rainfall in East Africa associated with warm SST warming events in the Western Equatorial Indian Ocean and El Niño events in the Pacific. Monitoring the state of sea surface temperatures, rainfall and ecological conditions guides the efforts in identifying areas of potential RVF outbreaks. The ability to map such areas of potential RVF activity 2 to 5 months before outbreaks occur could permit vaccination of domestic animals and implementation of appropriate mosquito control programs.

63. Valley Fever [ HIV / AIDS Treatment Information ] Project Inform is a national organization working to end the AIDS epidemic. We provide information on the diagnosis and treatment of HIV disease, http://www.projinf.org/fs/vfever.html

Search Contact Us Feedback Calendar ... Site Map Valley Fever (coccidiomycosis) May 2003 View PDF Table of Contents What are the symptoms? How is Valley Fever diagnosed? Risk factors for complications What are the treatments? ... Frequently Asked Questions Diagram of Life Cycle: Spherule form (top half) multiplies in the lungs; mycelia (bottom half) grow in the soil Valley Fever is primarily a disease of the lungs that is common in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It is caused by the fungus Coccidioides immitis Coccidioides Valley Fever is prevalent in the San Joaquin and Central Valleys of California, and in the hot, desert regions of southern Arizona (especially in the Phoenix and Tucson areas), southern Nevada, southern Utah, southern New Mexico, western Texas (especially around El Paso), and Mexico (in the states of Sonora and Chihuahua). In addition, Coccidioides immitis is found in semi-arid and arid soils in Central and South America. People working in certain occupations, such as construction, agricultural work, work involving disturbance of desert soils, and archaeology, have an increased risk of exposure and disease. The fungal spores of Coccidioides immitis are often found in abundance in the soil around rodent burrows, Indian ruins and burial grounds. In these settings, infections are more likely to be severe because of intensive exposure to a large number of spores. Many infections, however, occur in persons without occupational risks. Exposure to windstorms or recently disrupted soils may increase the chances of infection.

64. Valley Fever valley fever by Darleen Rudnick, Pet Nutritionist and other sources. The medical name for valley fever is coccidioidomycosis often called cocci http://www.purelypets.com/articles/valleyfever.htm

Valley Fever by Darleen Rudnick, Pet Nutritionist and other sources The medical name for Valley Fever is coccidioidomycosis - often called "cocci" (pronounced KOK-SEE) for short. The name of the fungus, which causes Valley Fever or "cocci", is Coccidioides immitis, which grows in soils around areas of low rainfall, high summer temperatures, and moderate winter temperatures. Valley Fever is prevalent in portions of Sacramento Valley, San Joaquin Valley, desert regions, southern portions of California, and much of the southwestern United States. Coccidioides immitis (fungal spores) become airborne when the soil is disturbed by winds, construction, farming and other activities. The infection occurs when a spore is inhaled. The infecting spores grow in the lung tissue and become microscopic cysts called "spherules" (little spheres). Each spherule is filled with even smaller endospores. As the infection in the lung increases, the spherules burst, allowing the endospores to be discharged into the lung tissue. Each of the numerous endospores may itself grow into a spherule causing the disease to progress. Both people and pets are susceptible to this disease, but it is not a "contagious" disease, meaning it is not passed from person-to-person, or pet-to-pet, you must breath in the spore to get it. In some cases, it can become very serious and even life threatening. Fortunately in most cases, the body will build an immunity to it.

65. Rift Valley Fever Definition - Medical Dictionary Definitions Of Popular Medical Online Medical Dictionary and glossary with medical definitions. http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=14875

66. Discovery Health :: Diseases & Conditions :: Valley Fever valley fever is an infection, usually in the lungs, caused by the fungus Coccidioides immitis. It is called valley fever because the fungus is commonly http://health.discovery.com/encyclopedias/illnesses.html?article=295&page=1

67. Rift Valley Fever Rift valley fever (RVF) is an important emerging epidemic disease of humans and domestic animals in subSaharan Africa. Massive epizootics are typically http://edcintl.cr.usgs.gov/riftvalleyhome.html

-Choose a project- GeoCafe Carbon Sequestration EMIS FEWS NET IABIN-DGF Invasive Species Land Cover Performance MACGA Madagascar Conservation Rift Valley Fever Sahel Land Use Sustainable Tree Crops UNEP/GRID East Africa Rift Valley Fever Home Info Sheet Partner Links Data Home Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is an important emerging epidemic disease of humans and domestic animals in sub-Saharan Africa. Massive epizootics are typically observed in domestic livestock during times of sustained high rainfall. Humans and other species are known to become infected in inter-epidemic periods, though such infection is not detected by the usual, minimal surveillance. RVF is anticipated to become a larger problem throughout Africa as increases in livestock production, irrigation projects, and environmental disruption become more widespread. The project has two locations East Africa and Southern Africa. National Center for EROS Home About Archives ... National Center for EROS International Program URL: document.write(window.location) Maintainer: intlwebmaster@usgs.gov

68. Rift Valley Fever Immunological tests for Rift valley fever antigens and antibodies were developed by the CDC scientists and were applied in many different venues to show http://edcintl.cr.usgs.gov/riftvalleysa.html

-Choose a project- GeoCafe Carbon Sequestration EMIS FEWS NET IABIN-DGF Invasive Species Land Cover Performance MACGA Madagascar Conservation Rift Valley Fever Sahel Land Use Sustainable Tree Crops UNEP/GRID East Africa Rift Valley Fever Home Info Sheet Partner Links Data Southern Africa Home Overview RVF is anticipated to become a larger problem throughout Africa as increases in livestock production, irrigation projects, and environmental disruption become more widespread. However, at present there is no way to predict RVF epidemic/epizootic activity in specific locales, where existing, preventative measures could be undertaken to reduce the impact of-or perhaps even prevent-the wide-scale, explosive outbreaks typically observed. This research effort is aimed at establishing a local RVF prediction capability based on ecological, climate, and remote sensing variables. Objectives and Goals Our major hypothesis is that we can predict RVFV activity prospectively using a combination of ecological, climate, and remote sensing variables. The primary scientific goal of the project is to develop and validate predictive algorithms and models for RVFV activity and epidemics based on such variables. Secondary goals are to further define the factors governing RVFV maintenance and transmission in inter-epidemic periods and better define the vectors of RVFV. Background Dr. Swanepoel was the veterinary virologist for Zimbabwe for 11 years and continues to maintain close ties to the government and university community there. He made many fundamental observations (Swanepoel, 1981), including those on which the dambo connection and this proposal are based. He pioneered the use of sentinel domestic animal herds to show the presence of sub-epidemic RVFV transmission. After leaving Zimbabwe, he has continued to investigate RVF epidemic and endemic activity during subsequent years in South Africa.

69. Valley Fever - OhioHealth valley fever (coccidioidomycosis) is a lung infection caused by the fungal organism em Coccidioides immitis /em . http://www.ohiohealth.com/healthreference/reference/6B6E2834-3B97-438D-B57239031

70. Introduction: Rift Valley Fever - WrongDiagnosis.com Introduction to Rift valley fever as a medical condition including symptoms, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/r/rift_valley_fever/intro.htm

Home Symptoms Diseases Risks ... Diseases Search our medical database Subscribe to our free Newsletter sample Send this page to a friend Condition Lists By Organ By Symptom By Class By Prevalence ... List A-Z Current chapter: Rift Valley Fever Next sections Basic Summary for Rift Valley Fever Prognosis of Rift Valley Fever Causes of Rift Valley Fever Risk Factors for Rift Valley Fever ... Symptoms of Rift Valley Fever Next chapters: Barmah Forest virus Ross River virus Mosquito bite Over-diagnosed conditions ... Feedback Introduction: Rift Valley Fever Rift Valley Fever: Mosquito-borne viral infection affecting animals and humans Rift Valley Fever: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an acute, fever-causing viral disease that affects domestic animals (such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels) and humans. RVF is most commonly associated with mosquito-borne epidemics during years of heavy rainfall. Researching symptoms of Rift Valley Fever: Further information about the symptoms of Rift Valley Fever is available including a list of symptoms of Rift Valley Fever , or alternatively return to research other symptoms in the symptom center Treatments for Rift Valley Fever: Various information is available about treatments available for Rift Valley Fever prevention of Rift Valley Fever , or research treatments for other diseases.

71. Article: Rift Valley Fever: DVRD - WrongDiagnosis.com Medical article Rift valley fever DVRD including all symptom, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment and prevention information. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/artic/rift_valley_fever_dvrd.htm

Home Symptoms Diseases Risks ... Newsletter Search our medical database Subscribe to our free Newsletter sample Send this page to a friend Condition Lists By Organ By Symptom By Class By Prevalence ... List A-Z Current chapter: Rift Valley Fever: DVRD Next chapters: Rocky Mountain spotted fever: DVRD Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: Epidemiology: DVRD Rocky Mountain spotted fever: Laboratory: DVRD Rocky Mountain spotted fever: Natural History: DVRD ... Feedback Rift Valley Fever: DVRD Article title: Rift Valley Fever: DVRD Conditions: Rift Valley Fever Source: DVRD Special Pathogens Branch CONTENTS Main Index Disease Information - What Is a VHF? - Fact Sheets - Arenaviruses - Lassa Fever - LCM - Rift Valley Fever RVF Distribution Maps - Filoviruses - Ebola HF - Marburg HF All About HPS Teaching and Prevention Materials Other Resources Glossary of Terms Site Index GO TO... CDC Home Page NCID Home Page References Gear, JHS. "Clinical Aspects of African Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers" Reviews of Infectious Diseases . Vol. 11, supp. 4. May-June 1989: 5777-5782.

72. Rift Valley Fever Rift valley fever. Published on the Web by the Office International des This fact sheet on Rift valley fever, a zoonotic disease affecting sheep, goats, http://vetgate.ac.uk/browse/cabi/dd4590c4e110a16e28f33c252d560a09.html

low graphics Rift Valley fever broader: human diseases mosquito-borne diseases viral diseases Rift Valley fever Published on the Web by the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) this fact sheet was updated in April 2002 and provides information on Rift Valley fever, covering aetiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and prevention and control. References and links to other information sources are available. zoonoses Rift Valley fever Office International des Epizooties Rift valley fever ... Rift Valley fever Last modified: 09 Sep 2005

73. Rift Valley Fever - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Genus, Phlebovirus. Species, Rift valley fever Virus. Rift valley fever is a viral disease caused by a specific Phlebovirus called the Rift valley fever http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rift_Valley_Fever

You did it! Over US$240,000 was donated in the 21-day fund drive. Thank you for your generosity! You are still welcome to make a donation or purchase Wikimedia merchandise Rift Valley Fever From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Rift Valley Fever Virus Virus classification Group: Group V (-)ssRNA Family: Bunyaviridae Genus: Phlebovirus Species: Rift Valley Fever Virus Rift Valley Fever is a viral disease caused by a specific Phlebovirus called the Rift Valley Fever (RVF) virus, a negatively-stranded RNA virus of the family Bunyaviridae. The disease is primarily veterinary in nature, attacking livestock and pets and causing characteristic "abortion storms" in ungulates, but occasional outbreaks in humans have occurred as well. The virus is tranmitted by mosquitos of the Aedes genus. Distribution of Rift Valley Fever in Africa. Blue, countries with endemic disease and substantial outbreaks of RVF; green, countries known to have some cases, periodic isolation of virus, or serologic evidence of RVF. The disease is named after the Great Rift Valley in Africa , after initial livestock epidemics in the early 1900s in Kenya were identified to be caused by the same virus.

74. Rift Valley Fever - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Rift valley fever (RVF) is a viral zoonosis (affects primarily domestic livestock, but can be passed to humans) causing fever. It is spread by the bite of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rift_Valley_fever

You did it! Over US$240,000 was donated in the 21-day fund drive. Thank you for your generosity! You are still welcome to make a donation or purchase Wikimedia merchandise Rift Valley fever From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a viral zoonosis (affects primarily domestic livestock , but can be passed to humans) causing fever . It is spread by the bite of infected mosquitoes . The disease is caused by the RVF virus , a member of the genus Phlebovirus (family Bunyaviridae ). The disease was first reported among livestock in Kenya around , but the virus was not isolated until . RVF outbreaks occur across sub-Saharan Africa , with outbreaks occurring elsewhere infrequntly (but sometimes severely - in Egypt in -78, several million people were infected and thousands died during a violent epidemic; in September an outbreak was confirmed in Saudi Arabia and Yemen In humans the virus can cause several different syndromes. Usually sufferers have either no symptoms or only a mild illness with fever, headache myalgia and liver hemorrhagic fever syndrome, meningo-

75. IGH: Programs & Activities/Current Programs/Valley Fever Vaccine Project Coccidioidomycosis, also known as valley fever, is a lung infection caused by a But for those sick enough to seek medical help, valley fever can lead to http://www.igh.ucsf.edu/programs_activities/valley_fever_vaccine_project.html

Valley Fever Vaccine Project Coccidioidomycosis, also known as Valley Fever, is a lung infection caused by a fungus that is common in the southwestern United States, northern Mexico, and some areas of Central and South America. About sixty percent of the people who inhale spores from the cocci fungus do not get sick. For some, it may feel like a cold or the flu. But for those sick enough to seek medical help, Valley Fever can lead to serious illness or death. Public health experts have observed that the cost of Valley Fever can be enormous in personal and economic terms - with victims becoming too ill to work for days, weeks, and even months. In its most serious form, Valley Fever can permanently damage lung or bone tissue, or cause meningitis by attacking the membranes surrounding the brain. Currently, there are no available drugs or treatments for this disease, and the relapse rate is high. The Valley Fever Vaccine Project is a research collaboration working to create a candidate vaccine that would lead to human clinical trials by the end of 2004. For Phase 1 of this project, IGH and its partners assessed the safety and activity of a skin-test antigen called coccidioidin. Phase 2, which began in Fall 2002, will focus on conducting more extensive skin tests among select populations in California. Home Please send comments to the web developer Last Updated Thursday, 08-May-2003 10:15:05 PDT

76. Rift Valley Fever Rift valley fever Updated December 13, 2004 Rift valley fever McGill University. Researched by NOAH Contributing Editor NOAH Team http://www.noah-health.org/en/infectious/diseases/viral/rift.html

Skip navigation About NOAH Help English Spanish Both Advanced NOAH Infectious Diseases Change text size: Rift Valley Fever Updated: December 13, 2004 Rift Valley Fever CDC Rift Valley Fever World Health Organization Rift Valley Fever McGill University Researched by NOAH Contributing Editor: NOAH Team NOAH Infectious Diseases Specific Infectious Diseases Viral Infectious Diseases > Rift Valley Fever Health Topics Index A to Z Page of the Month Advanced Search ... Feedback

77. Valley Fever. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 valley fever. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 200105. http://www.bartleby.com/65/x-/X-valley.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. valley fever see coccidioidomycosis CONTENTS INDEX GUIDE ... NEXT Click here to shop the Bartleby Bookstore Welcome Press Advertising ... Bartleby.com

78. Rotary District 5240 : Valley Fever Under Cooper’s leadership, the valley fever Americas Foundation was formed and, In addition to fundraising, valley fever awareness campaigns and the http://www.rotarydistrict5240.org/index.php?id=70

79. Coccidioides Immitis, Cause Of Coccidioidomycosis, Aka Valley Fever, San Joaquin disease coccidioidomycosis, aka valley fever, San Joaquin valley fever, and bugle corps in the 1980 s from Modesto, California called valley fever? http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/toms_fungi/jan2002.html

Tom Volk's Fungus of the Month for January 2002 This month's fungus is Coccidioides immitis , cause of the fungal disease coccidioidomycosis, aka Valley Fever, San Joaquin Valley Fever, desert bumps, desert rheumatism or Posadas' disease For the rest of my pages on fungi, please click http://TomVolkFungi.net Coccidioides immitis (kok-sid-ee-OID-eez IMM-ih-tiss) is the cause of a nasty fungal disease called coccidioidomycosis (kok-sid-ee-oid-oh-my-KOH-sis). Like the other true-pathogenic, systemic human fungal diseases histoplasmosis blastomycosis , and paracoccidioidomycosis, Coccidioidomycosis starts out as a lung disease caused by inhalation of the conidia, shown to the left. Most often the disease causes mild flu-like symptoms, but usually is resolved in the lungs. This fungus is a dimorphic pathogen, which means it can change from the room-temperature hyphal form at to the body-temperature spherule form (shown to the right) containing endospores. These endospores can be transported by the bloodstream to other parts of the body, particularly to the brain and central nervous system, where they can germinate and grow to cause even more severe disease. The dimorphism helps the fungus to evade the immune system by the changing of the surface antigens of the fungus. The disease often begins as a benign, inapparent or mildly severe upper respiratory infection that usually resolves rapidly. Recovery from mild forms of the disease usually results in lifelong immunity to reinfection. However, if there are enough spores inhaled, or if the person's immune system is compromised in some way, the disease can spread to other parts of the body, Rarely the disease is an acute or chronic severe disseminating fatal mycosis. If infection is established, the disease may progress as a chronic pulmonary condition or as a systemic disease involving the meninges (lining of the brain), bones, joints, and subcutaneous and cutaneous tissues. Such involvement is characterized by the formation of burrowing abscesses. Although the symptoms of the disease are quite variable, but often the patient has an allergic reaction to the circulating fungus, producing reddening of the skin known as "desert bumps," shown to the left.

80. Rift Valley Fever Traveller's Health Prevention Against Diseases Abroad; Vaccina Rift valley fever description occurrence, manifestations, diagnose and treatment, prevention of the disease. http://www.traveldoctoronline.net/diseases/riftvf.htm

Diseases Rift Valley Fever Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an acute, fever-causing viral disease that affects domestic animals (such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels) and humans. RVF is most commonly associated with mosquito-borne epidemics during years of heavy rainfall Rift Valley fever is an acute, fever-causing viral disease that affects humans. The RVF virus, a member of the genus Phlebovirus in the family Bunyaviridae, causes the disease. RVF is generally found in regions of eastern and southern Africa where sheep and cattle are raised. However, RVF virus also exists in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar. Map click here Manifestations: People with RVF typically have either no symptoms or a mild illness associated with: fever and liver abnormalities However, in some patients the illness can progress to Hemorrhagic fever (which can lead to shock or haemorrhage) Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain, which can lead to headaches, coma, or seizures) Ocular disease (diseases affecting the eye) Typically, patients recover within two days to one week after onset of illness

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