101. Center For Global Development : Initiatives: Active: Millions Saved CASE 9 Controlling trachoma in Morocco. Map showing Morocco. How do we know. An evaluation of the trachoma program was conducted by the London School of http://www.cgdev.org/Publications/millionssaved/studies/case_9.cfm

@import '/style.css'; Contact Us Support CGD Site Map Search Home Initiatives Research Topics Publications ... About Us Millions Saved overview Case Studies success Conclusions ... About View Related Experts Events Publications Opinions E-mail updates Sign up to receive updates from CGD: Learn more Email newsletter archive Print this Page Email this Page ... Initiatives Millions Saved: Proven Successes in Global Health One of the greatest human accomplishments has been the spectacular improvement in health since 1950. In developing countries, life expectancy has risen from 40 to 65 years, and the chances that a child will survive to the age of five has doubled. In addition to directly improving people's lives, this progress contributes to economic growth. While some of the improvements in health is the result of overall social and economic gains, about half of it is due to specific efforts to address major causes of disease and disability such as providing better and more accessible health services, introducing new medicines and other health technologies, and fostering healthier behaviors. Millions Saved: Proven Success in Global Health is about part of that success story: 17 cases in which large-scale efforts to improve health in developing countries have succeeded - saving millions of lives and preserving the livelihoods and social fabric of entire communities.

102. Welcome To IConnect Online - Trachoma School Health And Information Technology trachoma is best described as a community disease, which can often be controlled In February 2000, the first international workshop on trachoma School http://www.iconnect-online.org/Stories/Story.import4282

@import url(http://www.iconnect-online.org/ploneColumns.css); @import url(http://www.iconnect-online.org/plone.css); @import url(http://www.iconnect-online.org/ploneCustom.css); Skip to content Search Advanced Welcome to iConnect Online Sections Home Highlights Themes Interact ... Calendar You are here: Home ICT Stories Trachoma School Health and Information Technology Document Actions Trachoma School Health and Information Technology Document Actions Author : Benedict Tisa Date added : 2000-07-25 Brief Project Background Helen Keller International has begun a five-year project to expand community education and school health interventions in eight countries to help reduce trachoma, which is the second leading cause of blindness in the world. The project is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Results Helen Keller International has begun a five-year project to expand community education and school health interventions in eight countries to help reduce trachoma, which is the second leading cause of blindness in the world. The project is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.. Trachoma is best described as a community disease, which can often be controlled with simple methods implemented within the community. Most of the active disease is concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa. 6 million people are blind or at high risk of blindness from trachoma, and roughly 4 million of them are women. Another 150 million, mostly children, need treatment for active disease. 540 million people, or 10% of the world’s population, are at risk of developing the disease. The World Health Organization has endorsed a four-part strategy to eliminate trachoma as a blinding disease:

103. Medicine And Health Rhode Island: GLOBAL BURDEN OF TRACHOMA, THE Full text of the article, GLOBAL BURDEN OF trachoma, THE from Medicine and Health Rhode Island, a publication in the field of Health Fitness, http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa4100/is_200404/ai_n9377349

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Advanced Search Home Help IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports 10,000,000 articles - not found on any other search engine. FindArticles Medicine and Health Rhode Island Apr 2004 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Featured Titles for AAACN Viewpoint ABNF Journal, The AIDS Treatment News AMAA Journal ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports GLOBAL BURDEN OF TRACHOMA, THE Medicine and Health Rhode Island Apr 2004 by Aronson, Stanley M Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Europeans called it Egyptian ophthalmia because Napoleon's invading armies had first encountered this communicable dis ease in the Nile Valley. Large numbers of British troops, stationed in the Middle East during the early 191'1 Century, also contracted this infection; and many were then rendered unfit for military duty because of the blindness which it caused. This was not, of course, a newly confronted ailment. It had been well known in antiquity and was fully described in ancient Egyptian papyri. Historically it represented a recurrent medical hazard with each military incursion in the Middle East. The Macedonian troops of Alexander, the Roman legions of Vespasian and the Crusader armies all became afflicted with this painful eye disease.

104. Healthopedia.com - Trachoma trachoma is a highly contagious infection of the eyes. trachoma is caused by an organism called Chlamydia trachomatis. http://www.healthopedia.com/trachoma/

Set Homepage Email Page Favorites Home Health Centers Medical Encyclopedia Medical Symptoms ... Special Topics Related Resources Health Centers Eyes and Vision Allergic Reaction to a Medication Conjunctivitis Corneal Ulcers ... Anesthesia You are here : Healthopedia.com Medical Encyclopedia Diseases and Conditions Trachoma Category : Health Centers Eyes and Vision Trachoma Pictures and Images Attribution Trachoma is a highly contagious infection of the eyes. Trachoma is caused by an organism called Chlamydia trachomatis. What is going on in the body? Trachoma is a form of an eye infection called conjunctivitis . The chlamydia organism infects the conjunctiva and cornea of the eye. It can cause a number of symptoms and serious complications. Chlamydia was once thought to be a virus but is now believed to be more bacterial. It appears to respond to antibiotics. The infection is chronic and long lasting. Trachoma usually infects only the eyes. But it can also settle in the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. What are the causes and risks of the disease?

105. Arch Ophthalmol -- Abstract: Facial Cleanliness And Risk Of Trachoma In Families In large families, the odds of trachoma increased 4.8fold if a sibling had Risk Factors for trachoma 6-Year Follow-up of Children Aged 1 and 2 Years http://archopht.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/109/6/855

Select Journal or Resource JAMA Archives of Dermatology Facial Plastic Surgery Family Medicine (1992-2000) General Psychiatry Internal Medicine Neurology Ophthalmology Surgery Student JAMA (1998-2004) JAMA CareerNet For The Media Meetings Peer Review Congress Vol. 109 No. 6, June 1991 Featured Link E-mail Alerts ARTICLE Article Options Send to a Friend Readers Reply Submit a reply Similar articles in this journal Literature Track Add to File Drawer Download to Citation Manager PubMed citation Articles in PubMed by West SK Mele L Articles that cite this article Contact me when this article is cited Facial cleanliness and risk of trachoma in families S. K. West, N. Congdon, S. Katala and L. Mele Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md 21205. Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide, and epidemiologic studies of factors that may increase the transmission of ocular Chlamydia trachomatis are needed. In two villages in a hyperendemic area of Central Tanzania, 472 (90%) of 527 preschool-aged children were

106. Elimination Of Trachoma One Step Nearer As Major Breakthrough Announced breakthrough in treatment and control of trachoma. http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/news/2004/trachoma.html

Contact People Sitemap A-Z ... Departments You are here: Home News Elimination of trachoma one step nearer as major breakthrough announced 3 November 2004 Researchers find a way of stopping trachoma for up to two years with just one round of antibiotics Their findings, published today in the New England Journal of Medicine, reveal that mass treatment of trachoma-endemic communities with just one round of the antibiotic azithromycin, aided by periodic treatment with tetracycline eye ointment of individuals with the active disease, can stop the transmission of trachoma for up to two years and reduce the prevalence of infection to virtually nil. The team treated residents of a trachoma endemic community with azithromycin (97% of the 978 residents were treated), and took conjunctival swabs from everyone in the village intermittently for a period of two years after treatment. All individuals who had clinically active trachoma were also given tetracycline eye ointment at 6, 12 and 18 month intervals. The researchers found that infection rates in the village fell dramatically from 9.5 % (pre-treatment) to 2.1% at two months and just 0.1% at 24 months. Two-thirds of blindness is treatable, yet an estimated 45 million people worldwide are blind and, every year, an additional 1-2 million people join them. A child goes blind every minute. These findings will have a significant impact on the treatment of one of the major blinding diseases, helping trachoma control programmes to refine antibiotic distribution strategies.

107. Disease - Trachoma - Detroit, Michigan Disease trachoma - courtesy of Henry Ford Health System of Detroit, Michigan. http://www.henryfordhealth.org/12539.cfm

3D Tour of the Vattikuti Institute About the Institute The Vattikuti Institute Prostatectomy Prostate Cancer ... Health Encyclopedia Health Encyclopedia Back to main Health Information page Disease - Trachoma Eye Definition: Trachoma is an eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, which may result in chronic scarring and blindness if left untreated. Alternative Names: Granular conjunctivitis; Egyptian ophthalmia Causes And Risk: Trachoma is caused by infection with the bacteria Chlamydiatrachomatis. It has an incubation period of 5 to 12 days and begins slowly as conjunctivitis (irritation near the eye, "pink eye"), which if untreated may become chronic and lead to scarring. If the eyelids are severely irritated, the eyelashes may turn in and rub against the cornea. This can cause eye ulcers, further scarring, visual loss, and even blindness Trachoma occurs worldwide primarily in rural settings in developing countries. It frequently affects children, although the consequences of scarring may not be evident until later in life. While trachoma is rare in the United States, certain populations marked by poverty, crowded living conditions, and/or poor hygiene are at higher risk for this illness. Trachoma is acquired via direct contact with eye or nose-throat secretions from affected individuals or by contact with inanimate objects which are contaminated with these secretions, such as towels or clothes. In addition, certain flies which have fed on these secretions can transmit trachoma.

108. Entrez PubMed BACKGROUND trachoma is the leading cause of preventable blindness. Programmes to prevent blindness due to trachoma are based on communitywide treatment http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

109. Environmental Sanitary Interventions For Preventing Active Trachoma (Cochrane Re Abstract of a systematic review of the effects of health care prepared by the Cochrane Collaboration. http://www.cochrane.org/cochrane/revabstr/AB004003.htm

From The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2005 Environmental sanitary interventions for preventing active trachoma (Cochrane Review) Rabiu M, Alhassan M, Ejere H ABSTRACT What's new in this issue Search abstracts Browse alphabetical list of titles Browse by Review Group A substantive amendment to this systematic review was last made on 01 February 2005. Cochrane reviews are regularly checked and updated if necessary. Background: Trachoma is the second or third major cause of blindness. It is responsible for about six million blind people worldwide, mostly in the poor communities of developing countries. One of the major strategies advocated for the control of the disease is the application of various environmental sanitary measures to such communities. Objectives: To assess the evidence for the effectiveness of environmental sanitary measures on the prevalence of active trachoma in endemic areas. Search strategy: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials - CENTRAL (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group Trials Register) on The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2004), MEDLINE (1966 to January 2005), EMBASE (1980 to January 2005), LILACS (April 2004), the reference list of trials and the Science Citation Index. We also contacted agencies, experts and researchers in trachoma control. Selection criteria: This review included randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing any form of environmental hygiene measures with no measure. These hygienic measures included fly control, provision of water and health education. Participants in the trials were people normally resident in the trachoma endemic areas.

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