21. Diagnosis And Assessment Of Trachoma Solomon Et Al. 17 (4) 982 Diagnosis and Assessment of trachoma Anthony W. Solomon 1* Rosanna W. Peeling 2 3 Allen Foster 1 and David C. W. Mabey1 http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

22. WHO | Trachoma trachoma. This page provides links to descriptions of activities, reports, news and events, as well as contacts and cooperating partners in the various WHO http://www.who.int/topics/trachoma/en/

Home About WHO Countries Health topics ... Health topics Trachoma This page provides links to descriptions of activities, reports, news and events, as well as contacts and cooperating partners in the various WHO programmes and offices working on this topic. Also shown are links to related web sites and topics. MeSH scope note: A chronic infection of the conjunctiva and cornea caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. PUBLICATIONS Global elimination of trachoma RELATED LINKS Trachoma Water-related diseases: trachoma DONATE Make every mother and child count DISEASE OUTBREAKS Poliomyelitis Ethiopia - Update Full text Yellow fever Guinea Full text Disease outbreak news EMERGENCIES Sudan Health is key to peace Niger Crisis coverage Health action in crises GENERAL WHO INFORMATION Media centre News, events, fact sheets, contacts, and multimedia. Director-General's office Biography of the Director-General, major speeches, and biographies of Assistant Directors-General. Governance WHO Constitution, policy documentation, and Executive Board and World Health Assembly resolutions and records. Travellers' health Vaccination requirements, travel risks and precautions.

23. Arch Ophthalmol Abstract Risk Factors For Recurrence Of Implications for trachoma Blindness Prevention Hui Zhang, MS for Postsurgical Trichiasis Recurrence in a trachomaEndemic Area West et al. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

24. WHO | Trachoma Elimination of blinding trachoma from the globe by the year 2020. http://www.who.int/pbd/blindness/trachoma/en/

All WHO This site only Home About WHO Countries Health topics ... Deafness Prevention of blindness and deafness WHO WHO sites Prevention of blindness and deafness (PBD) Blindness Trachoma The World Health Organization leads an international alliance of interested parties to work for the global elimination of trachoma, the Alliance for Global Elimination of Trachoma by 2020 (GET 2020). The disease Trachoma is an infectious disease responsible, at present, for approximately 3% of the world's blindness. Worldwide, there are about 8 million people irreversibly visually impaired by trachoma; an estimated 84 million cases of active disease in need of treatment, if blindness is to be prevented. More information about trachoma GET 2020 The Alliance for the Global Elimination of Blinding Trachoma by 2020 (GET 2020) supports and collaborates with WHO in carrying out essential activities such as epidemiological assessment, including rapid assessment and mapping, project implementation, coordination, and monitoring, disease surveillance, project evaluation and resource mobilization. It is open to all parties - governments, international organizations and nongovernmental organizations - which are willing and ready to contribute to international efforts. Group photo taken at the 8th GET2020 meeting with WHO DG Dr J.W.Lee

25. Extracts From "Clinical Evidence" Trachoma Mabey And Interventions to prevent scarring trachoma by reducing active trachoma Likely to be beneficial Promotion of face washing http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

26. HKI - Trachoma trachoma is the leading infectious cause of preventable blindness in the world. For those in the early stages of trachoma, a course of tetracycline http://www.hki.org/programs/trachoma.html

How You Can Help EYE HEALTH Trachoma Onchocerciasis ... Other Approaches Proven Programs Trachoma Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of preventable blindness in the world. It is caused by a bacterium prevalent in poor communities with limited access to adequate sanitation and clean water. This painful infection of the eye leads to a build-up of scar tissue, which forces the eyelid to curl inward and rake the cornea, an abnormality called trichiasis. Vision is diminished and - if left untreated - results in permanent blindness. The simple surgical procedure to correct trichiasis has a success rate of 80%, and can cost as little as $10 per person. For those in the early stages of trachoma, a course of tetracycline ointment or an oral dose of the medication Zithromax will stop the infection. "Health is the natural state of man. Ignorance, poverty, and greed must disappear so that light can prevail in all places." Site Map Contact Us

27. Helen Keller International trachoma Prevalence in Chitwan and Nawalparasi The need for interventions. Nepal trachoma Bulletin Vol. 1, Issue 1. http://www.hki.org/research/trachoma_research.html

How You Can Help Tsunami Relief Report Indonesia Crisis Report Nutrition News for Africa ... Nutrition Surveillance Project of Bangladesh BY TOPIC Anemia Food Fortification General Eye Health General Health and Nutrition ... Vitamin A BY REGION Africa Regional Burkina Faso Cameroon Cote d'Ivoire ... Philippines Research and Publications Trachoma Resources and Publications Bulletins and Educational Materials from Nepal: Trachoma Prevalence in Chitwan and Nawalparasi: The need for interventions. Nepal Trachoma Bulletin Vol. 1, Issue 1 . Kathmandu: Helen Keller International/Nepal, Apr 2002. For information on these educational materials, please contact fgraciano@hki.org "Optimism is the faith that leads to achievement." Site Map Contact Us

28. EMJA: Taylor, Trachoma In Australia The early European settlers of Australia brought trachoma with them. Whether the Australian Indigenous people had trachoma before colonisation is unclear, http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/175_07_011001/taylor/taylor.html

Home Issues Email alerts Classifieds ... Search Indigenous Health Trachoma in Australia Hugh R Taylor Australia is the only developed country in the world where blinding trachoma still exists MJA Trachoma is a disease that has been with us from antiquity. It is discussed in ancient Egyptian texts written on papyrus and in even earlier writings from ancient China. Chronic infection with the trachoma organism, Chlamydia trachomatis , can lead to blindness. The disease came to prominence in Europe during the Napoleonic wars, when tens of thousands of British and French troops returned with trachoma after fighting in Egypt. It spread rapidly through the armies of Europe, where the troops lived in crowded and insanitary barracks. Most of all, trachoma was a disease of the urban slums. In Europe, as people left their relatively healthy rural homes they were crowded into the workhouses and tenements created by the Industrial Revolution. Personal and community hygiene fell to an all-time low and the prevalence of trachoma surged. The early European settlers of Australia brought trachoma with them. Whether the Australian Indigenous people had trachoma before colonisation is unclear, but it seems unlikely, as small groups of nomadic hunter-gatherers can maintain good hygiene.

29. Welcome To NHS Direct Online trachoma is an eye infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. trachoma is highly infectious, and in some areas of the world the infection http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/en.asp?TopicID=457

30. Trachoma CHC Wausau Hospital s Medical Library and Patient Education Center provides research services and healthcare information to physicians, http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00068660.html

Main Search Index Definition Description Causes ... Resources Trachoma Definition Trachoma, which is also called granular conjunctivitis or Egyptian ophthalmia, is a contagious, chronic inflammation of the mucous membranes of the eyes, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis . It is characterized by swelling of the eyelids, sensitivity to light, and eventual scarring of the conjunctivae and corneas of the eyes. Description Trachoma is a major cause of blindness in the world. It is found in the Far East, as well as countries with desert climates. In the United States, it is most common among certain Native Americans and in parts of Appalachia. The infection is highly contagious in its early stages. Blindness results from recurrent untreated infections. The conjunctiva is the clear mucous membrane that lines the inside of the eyelid and covers the white part (sclera) of the eye. Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva. Trachoma is caused by C. trachomatis , a parasitic organism closely related to bacteria. It is transmitted by insects, by hand-to-eye contact, or by the sharing of infected handkerchiefs or towels. The incubation period is about a week. The early symptoms of trachoma include the development of follicles (small sacs) on the conjunctivae of the upper eyelids

31. Extracts From "Clinical Evidence": Trachoma -- Mabey And Fraser-Hurt 323 (7306): Prognosis Corneal damage from trachoma is caused by multiple processes. Outcomes Rates of active trachoma; clinical signs of active trachoma using the http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/323/7306/218

Home Help Search Archive ... Table of Contents Author Keyword(s) Vol Page [Advanced] This article Extract PDF Respond to this article Alert me when this article is cited ... View citation map Services Email this article to a friend Find similar articles in BMJ Find similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal ... Read articles citing this article PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Mabey, D. Articles by Fraser-Hurt, N. Related content Ophthalmology Other evidence based practice BMJ 2001;323:218-221 ( 28 July ) Clinical review Extracts from "Clinical Evidence" Trachoma Denise Mabey consultant ophthalmologist a Nicole Fraser-Hurt epidemiologist b a Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital Trust, London SE1 9RT, b Epiconsult Ltd, Nhlangano, Swaziland Correspondence to: D Mabey Background Top Background Methods References Definition Active trachoma is chronic inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by infection with Chlamydia trachomatis The World Health Organization's classification for acute trachoma defines mild trachoma (grade TF) as the presence of five or more follicles in the upper tarsal conjunctiva of at least 0.5 mm diameter.

32. Introduction: Trachoma - WrongDiagnosis.com Introduction to trachoma as a medical condition including symptoms, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/t/trachoma/intro.htm

Home Symptoms Diseases Risks ... Diseases Search our medical database Subscribe to our free Newsletter sample Send this page to a friend Condition Lists By Organ By Symptom By Class By Prevalence ... List A-Z Current chapter: Trachoma Next sections Basic Summary for Trachoma Prevalence and Incidence of Trachoma Types of Trachoma Risk Factors for Trachoma ... Symptoms of Trachoma Next chapters: Concussion Amnesia Amnesic shellfish poisoning Amnestic disorder ... Feedback Introduction: Trachoma Trachoma: Chronic bacterial eye condition in the developing world Trachoma: Trachoma is a chronic follicular conjunctivitis that leads to scarring in the conjunctiva and cornea. Repeat active infections occur in children < 10 years of age. Subsequently, conjunctival scarring (cicatricial disease) and inversion of the eyelashes so they irritate the cornea (trichiasis) develops as a result of earlier infections. Trichiasis predisposes to corneal ulceration and corneal opacities resulting in decreased vision and blindness. Researching symptoms of Trachoma: Further information about the symptoms of Trachoma is available including a list of symptoms of Trachoma , or alternatively return to research other symptoms in the symptom center Treatments for Trachoma: Various information is available about treatments available for Trachoma , or research treatments for other diseases.

33. Article: Trachoma: DBMD - WrongDiagnosis.com Medical article trachoma DBMD including all symptom, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment and prevention information. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/artic/trachoma_dbmd.htm

Home Symptoms Diseases Risks ... Newsletter Search our medical database Subscribe to our free Newsletter sample Send this page to a friend Condition Lists By Organ By Symptom By Class By Prevalence ... List A-Z Current chapter: Trachoma: DBMD Next chapters: Transfusion Alert: Use of Autologous Blood: NHLBI Travelers' Diarrhea: DBMD Treating Head Lice with Malathion: DPD Treating Head Lice: DPD ... Feedback Trachoma: DBMD Article title: Trachoma: DBMD Conditions: Trachoma Source: DBMD Trachoma Clinical Features Trachoma is a chronic follicular conjunctivitis that leads to scarring in the conjunctiva and cornea. Repeat active infections occur in children < 10 years of age. Subsequently, conjunctival scarring (cicatricial disease) and inversion of the eyelashes so they irritate the cornea (trichiasis) develops as a result of earlier infections. Trichiasis predisposes to corneal ulceration and corneal opacities resulting in decreased vision and blindness. Etiologic Agent Chlamydia trachomatis , serovars A, B, and C. First description of disease in 16th-century BC in the Ebers Papyrus. Infectious potential demonstrated by experimental transmission of agent from a case-patient to an orangutan in 1907.

34. Clinical Evidence Eye Disorders Trachoma Interventions Eye disorders. trachoma. Search date October 2004. Denise Mabey Preventing scarring trachoma Surgery for scarring trachoma http://www.clinicalevidence.com/ceweb/conditions/eyd/0706/0706.jsp

35. AllRefer Health - Trachoma (Egyptian Ophthalmia, Granular Conjunctivitis) trachoma (Egyptian Ophthalmia, Granular Conjunctivitis) information center covers causes, prevention, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, incidence, http://health.allrefer.com/health/trachoma-info.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia Web health.allrefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Health Trachoma Trachoma Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis ... Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Egyptian Ophthalmia, Granular Conjunctivitis Definition Trachoma is an eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis which may result in chronic scarring and blindness if left untreated. Eye Trachoma is caused by infection with the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis . It has an incubation period of 5 to 12 days and begins slowly as conjunctivitis (irritation near the eye, "pink eye"), which if untreated may become chronic and lead to scarring. If the eyelids are severely irritated, the eyelashes may turn in and rub against the cornea. This can cause eye ulcers, further scarring, visual loss, and even

36. AllRefer Health - Trachoma Prevention (Egyptian Ophthalmia, Granular Conjunctivi trachoma (Egyptian Ophthalmia, Granular Conjunctivitis) information center covers Prevention. http://health.allrefer.com/health/trachoma-prevention.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia Web health.allrefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Health Trachoma : Prevention of Trachoma Trachoma Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis Complications Calling Your Health Care Provider ... Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Egyptian Ophthalmia, Granular Conjunctivitis Trachoma Prevention Trachoma is spread by direct contact with eye, nose, and throat secretions from affected individuals or by contact with objects that may have been in contact with these secretions. Improved sanitation and avoidance in the use of common toilet articles (e.g., towels) are important measures that will limit the spread/acquisition of trachoma. Previous Top Next Jump to another section Definition Trachoma Prevention Trachoma Treatment Trachoma Prognosis Trachoma Complications Calling Your Health Care Provider Topics that might be of interest to you Conjunctivitis Other Topics Blindness Cloudy Cornea Swelling Review Date : 8/7/2002 Reviewed By : Camille Kotton, M.D., Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

37. Trachoma Synonyms. granular conjunctivitis; Egyptian ophthalmia. ICD9-CM 076.0 trachoma, initial stage 076.1 trachoma, active 076.9 trachoma, unspecified http://www.5mcc.com/Assets/SUMMARY/TP0933.html

Trachoma DESCRIPTION: Chronic infectious disease of the conjunctiva and cornea. Characteristics - photophobia, pain, lacrimation. The organism is a bacterium, Chlamydia trachomatis . Usual course - acute; progressive. Endemic areas - Africa; Middle East; Asia; Central America. CAUSES: Chlamydia trachomatis transmission through birth canal Synonyms: granular conjunctivitis Egyptian ophthalmia ICD-9-CM: 076.0 trachoma, initial stage 076.1 trachoma, active 076.9 trachoma, unspecified Author(s): Mark R. Dambro, MD

38. Sight Savers: Eye Conditions: Trachoma trachoma is one of the most common causes of blindness in the developing world, and is most commonly associated with areas of extreme poverty. http://www.sightsavers.org.uk/html/eyeconditions/trachoma.htm

**** INSERT NOSCRIPT SECTION HERE!! **** showimg('../../images2004/headers/header_new', '.jpg', 19) home page who we are what we do eye conditions ... River blindness Trachoma campaigns how to donate get involved latest news ... trachoma WHAT IS TRACHOMA? Trachoma: What is trachoma Page 2: The prevalence of trachoma Page 3: Treatments for trachoma Page 4: Trachoma surgery Page 5: Trachoma and antibiotics Page 6: Trachoma and facial cleanliness Page 7 : Trachoma and the environment Trachoma is one of the most common causes of blindness in the developing world, and is most commonly associated with areas of extreme poverty. In fact, it is a very old disease - it was referred to in the 16th Century BC - and cases were recorded in Europe up until the last century. Trachoma is caused by a bacteria called Chlamydia trachomatis which is, as the name indicates, very similar to the one that causes the sexually transmitted disease Chlamydia. In this case, however, the infection causes repeated conjunctivitis: leading to irritated eyes and a mucous-type discharge. Although this conjunctivitis will clear up after a short period of time (commonly a month or so), it is very easily spread, and people - especially children - become reinfected from their friends and relatives. The infection is spread in a variety of ways: the discharge is attractive to flies, and can be transmitted from babies to adults via the fingers and clothes. This is particularly the case in places where there is very little water and it's much more difficult for people to wash their hands and faces regularly. In the developing world, you will also often find large families living together, meaning that the infection can be endemic within the household.

39. Sight Savers: Annual Review 2005: Trachoma Sight Savers further developed its work with partners in eight countries (the Gambia, Mali, Nigeria, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Uganda and Pakistan) to http://www.sightsavers.org.uk/annual_review2005/trachoma.htm

**** INSERT NOSCRIPT SECTION HERE!! **** showimg('../images2004/headers/header_new', '.jpg', 19) home page who we are Annual Review Future strategy ... annual review 2005 TRACHOMA The first pilot project for trachoma control in Pakistan supported by Sight Savers is now underway. The National Task Force on Trachoma undertook a national rapid assessment of trachoma in 2003, supported by Sight Savers and the World Health Organization , which identified hundreds of villages with trachoma. In 2004, door-to-door surveys were completed in selected villages to assess the problem and implementation is now being finalised. Find out how Grecia Paul helps to reduce trachoma in Malawi Sight Savers supported the Kenya National Trachoma Survey during June and July, which took place in six of the 18 districts where trachoma is considered to be endemic. The survey revealed that potentially blinding trachoma was a problem in all surveyed districts. A five-year plan has now been developed to tackle trachoma on a national scale, while a two year pilot project will cater for the six districts surveyed. Recommendations have been made for improving personal and environmental hygiene, with provision of water being the single most important need. Antibiotic treatment and surgical services will also be provided through a collaboration of agencies, including Sight Savers.

40. Trachoma International Eye Foundation trachoma One-page factsheet. International trachoma Initiative - information on trachoma. http://www.ability.org.uk/Trachoma.html

"see the ability, not the disability" You to can help support the Ability Project by: Our Aims ... Z Trachoma How to prevent trachoma and blindness International Eye Foundation: Trachoma - One-page factsheet International Trachoma Initiative - information on trachoma. Sight Savers International - Charity devoted to helping the blind, and preventing and curing eye diseases and blindness. Trachoma - Brief, technical clinical definition. Trachoma - Report from Hellen Keller International. Trachoma - The world's leading preventable cause of blindness. Trachoma Treatment and Prevention - A wide range of Trachoma information concerning treatment, prevention, diagnosis, email groups, support groups, personal stories, and much more. Updated regularly. WHO Alliance for the Global Elimination of Trachoma - "Elimination of blinding trachoma from the globe by the year 2020." Webmaster . Site Design by Ability "see the ability, not the disability" Acknowledgments

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