1. HealthBoards - Thyroid Disorders Message board and information on disease symptoms and treatments, includinghyperthyroid and hypothyroid, plus a wide range of related problems. http://www.healthboards.com/boards/forumdisplay.php?f=122

2. British Thyroid Foundation Helping Those With Thyroid Disorders A patientled charitable organisation dedicated to helping those with thyroiddisorders. http://www.btf-thyroid.org/

var jsVersion=1.0 var jsVersion=1.1 var jsVersion=1.2 var jsVersion=1.3 var jsVersion=1.4 About Us About the Thyroid For Patients Health Professionals ... Site Map A patient-led charitable organisation dedicated to helping those with thyroid disorders. British Thyroid Foundation Welcome to the website of the British Thyroid Foundation The British Thyroid Foundation works with the medical profession, supporting patients and helping to raise funds for research into all types of thyroid disorders. It is associated with the British Thyroid Association Thyroid Eye Disease Association The British Thyroid Foundation is a member of Thyroid Federation International The information in this website is given in good faith. However, whilst every effort is made to provide correct information, it is impossible to take account of individual situations. It is therefore recommended that you check with a member of the relevant medical profession before embarking on any treatment other than that which has been prescribed for you by your doctor. [ IMPORTANT ] If you are reading this text it is because your browser doesn't support JavaScript. This website is designed to make use of JavaScript to make it easier to use. We suggest that you upgrade your browser to the latest version. In the meantime you can use our site from

3. Thyroid Disorders Thyroid problems are among the most common medical conditions but, TREATMENT ofhypothyroidism consists of taking thyroid hormone in pill form on a http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm

THYROID DISORDERS Your thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located just below your Adam's apple. The thyroid produces hormones that affect your body's metabolism and energy level. Thyroid problems are among the most common medical conditions but, because their symptoms often appear gradually, they are commonly misdiagnosed. The three most common thyroid problems are the underactive thyroid , the overactive thyroid and thyroid nodules HYPOTHYROIDISM (Underactive thyroid) The most common cause of hypothyroidism is Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In this condition, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland. Common symptoms of hypothyroidism are: Fatigue or lack of energy Weight gain Feeling cold Dry skin and hair Heavy menstrual periods Constipation Slowed thinking D IAGNOSIS of hypothyroidism is usually straightforward, once it is suspected. Patients with hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis have an elevated level of serum TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone). However, the rare patient with hypothyroidism due to a pituitary or hypothalamic condition may have a normal or low serum TSH. T REATMENT of hypothyroidism consists of taking thyroid hormone in pill form on a daily basis. Symptoms of hypothyroidism should clear up within a few months of starting treatment. Adjustment of the dose of thyroid pills is based upon measurements of serum TSH. Most patients need to take thyroid hormone for life.

4. Thyroid Disorders thyroid disorders Your thyroid gland is a small, butterflyshaped gland located just below your Adam's apple. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. Thyroid Disorders Diagnosing thyroid disorders by David W. Gardner MD. Division of Endocrinologyand Metabolism University of Missouri Health Sciences Center http://www.muhealth.org/~daveg/thyroid/thyindex.html

6. Thyroid - Diseases And Conditions, Treatments, General Health Information Illustrations, definitions, causes, risk factors, symptoms, tests, and treatment. http://www.healthcentral.com/centers/OneCenter.cfm?center=Thyroid_Disorders

7. Thyroid Gland Diseases Hormones, Cancer, Doctors, Drugs, Surgery Awardwinning site covers all thyroid disease cancer, nodules, surgery, radiation, hormone problems, etc. Over 200 pages of text and illustrations . http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 2, Ch. 8, Thyroid Disorders thyroid disorders include euthyroid goiter, euthyroid sick syndrome, hyperthyroidism,hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and thyroid cancers. http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section2/chapter8/8a.jsp

9. Endocrine Diseases Thyroid, Parathyroid Adrenal And Diabetes. elcome to the largest web site for Thyroid, Parathyroid and other Endocrine Disorders. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. THE MERCK MANUAL--SECOND HOME EDITION, Thyroid Disorders In Ch. 262, Postdeliver Women who have a family history of thyroid disorders or diabetes are particularly In women who already have a thyroid disorder, such as a goiter or http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec22/ch262/ch262f.html

var externalLinkWarning = "The link you have selected will take you to a site outside Merck and The Merck Manuals.*n*nThe Merck Manuals do not review or control the content of any non-Merck site. The Merck Manuals do not endorse and are not responsible for the accuracy, content, practices, or standards of any non-Merck sources."; Search The Second Home Edition , Online Version Search Index A B C D ... Z Sections Accidents and Injuries Blood Disorders Bone, Joint, and Muscle Disorders Brain, Spinal Cord, and Nerve Disorders ... Women's Health Issues Resources Anatomical Drawings Multimedia Pronunciations Weights and Measures ... , Online Version Section Women's Health Issues Chapter Postdelivery Period Topics Introduction Blood Clots Depression Home (What to Expect) ... Infections Thyroid Disorders Thyroid Disorders Buy The Book Print This Topic Email This Topic Pronunciations thyroiditis In 4 to 7% of women, the thyroid gland malfunctions during the first 6 months after delivery. Thyroid hormone levels may be high or low, usually temporarily. Women who have a family history of thyroid disorders or diabetes are particularly susceptible. In women who already have a thyroid disorder, such as a goiter or Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the disorder may become worse. Treatment may be required. Back to Top Previous: Infections Animation Audio Illustrations Photographs Pronunciations Sidebar Tables Videos

11. Vitiligo Society Uk - Loss Of Skin Colour Vitiligo results in a loss of skin color. Vitiligo usually occurs in families, and may sometimes also involve diabetes, thyroid disorders, and some other conditions. http://www.vitiligosociety.org.uk/

Promoting a positive approach to living with vitiligo We recommend that new visitors follow through the 'About Vitiligo' section (3 pages) that starts below and which takes a question and answer format. This may answer many of your queries. Other areas of this site deal with such things as events research grants membership etc. Vitiligo is quite a common skin condition which can cause extreme distress to sufferers because of its unusual appearance. It affects at least one in every hundred people in countries throughout the world including the UK. It affects people of both sexes equally, and it affects all races. It can begin at any age, though about fifty percent of people with vitiligo develop it before the age of twenty five. You cannot catch vitiligo. It is not infectious. Alternative text navigation Intro Genes Treatment Camouflage ... Enquiries Registered Office: The Vitiligo Society, 125 Kennington Road, London SE11 6SF. A company limited by guarantee no.3542195 registered in England and Wales. Registered charity no.

12. Thyroid Disease Information Source Bestselling Books, News first comprehensive guide to understanding mysterious and often difficultto-pinpoint autoimmune disorders like thyroid disease, Hashimoto's http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

13. Thyroid Disorders Do you know just how important the thyroid is? It helps you grow and affects yourenergy level. With a little care, the thyroid and the conditions it may http://kidshealth.org/kid/health_problems/glandshoromones/thyroid.html

KidsHealth Kids Kids' Health Problems Glands and Hormones Janie didn't notice the changes very much at first - but her teachers did. Since starting sixth grade, Janie had become restless. She was squirmy and nervous, and it was hard for her to sit still in class. Paying attention was hard, too. Finally, Janie's teachers asked the school nurse to call her father. Janie's dad had noticed some changes as well. She was eating more than usual. But instead of gaining weight, Janie was getting thinner. And even though it was almost December, she was sweating a lot. He decided it was time for Janie to have a checkup. It didn't take Janie's doctor long to discover what was wrong. Janie had a problem with her thyroid gland. Now the doctor knew just how to help her. But first Janie had a question: what in the world is a thyroid? What Is the Thyroid? The thyroid (say: thi -royd) is a gland, which is an organ where special chemicals are produced. These chemicals are called hormones (say: hor -moans). The major thyroid hormones the gland makes and releases into the bloodstream are called T4 or thyroxine (say: thi- rocks -in), and T3 or

14. AllThyroid.org Your Lifelong Thyroid Resource HOME. thyroid disorders Treatments. Staying Well. Find a Doctor. Ask the Doctor. Alliance of Patient Groups. Thyroid Research. Thyroid Issues http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. New York Thyroid Center: Overview Of Thyroid Disorders New York Thyroid Center Home. hyroid disorders are very common in the UnitedStates with over 20 million people under treatment. http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/dept/thyroid/disorders.html

New York Thyroid Center Home hyroid disorders are very common in the United States with over 20 million people under treatment. An estimated 2 million others have an undiagnosed thyroid problem. Women are especially vulnerable, and if they have a personal or family history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, pernicious anemia, prematurely graying hair, vitiligo or other autoimmune disease, there is a greater risk of thyroid malfunction (25%). Hyperthyroidism or overactive thyroid is a disease which often presents with nervousness, palpitations, heat intolerance and weight loss. It is estimated that there are approximately 1 million patients in the United States suffering from Graves' disease, the most common form of hyperthyroidism. Fifteen percent of these cases are seen in the general population over the age of sixty. Hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid is due to an insufficient amount of thyroid hormone. Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the most common cause of an underactive thyroid, experience fatigue, weight gain difficulty concentrating and depression. At least 10% of women in the United States will have signs of a failing thyroid by the age of fifty. At age 60, 17% of women and 8% of men have signs of a failing thyroid. Women and thyroid disease Thyroid disease is up to eight times more common in women than in men. At least 8% of women will have thyroid dysfunction following pregnancy. Thyroid dysfunction in the post partum period may play a role in some cases of postpartum depression. Additionally, thyroid disease may contribute to infertility if it is not recognized and treated.

16. SPINA: Structure Parameter Inference Approach Reference information, mailing list and software on SPINA, a method to calculate constant structure parameters of endocrine feedback control systems from hormone levels obtained in vivo. A first application covers thyroid disorders. http://link.medinn.med.uni-muenchen.de/spina/en/

SPINA S PINA (Structure Parameter Inference Approach) is a method for calculating constant structure parameters of endocrine feedback control systems from hormone levels obtained in vivo. Pilot applications have been developed for the evaluation of thyrotropic axis and fuel metabolism. Module Processing Structure Status SPINA Thyr Thyrotopic feedback control. Development and pilot evaluation finished, field studies being prepared. SPINA Beta Beta cell function and fuel metabolism Prototypical development finished. Pilot evaluation in progress. SPINA Cort Corticotropic axis Preparation. SPINA Calc Calcium homeostasis Planning. Please find current studies on SPINA at spina-studien.medical-cybernetics.de SPINA Thyr SPINA Beta SPINA Cort SPINA Calc Imprint

17. Thyroid Disease Hypothyroidism - Hyperthyroidism Autoimmune About Thyroid Disease site, with conventional and alternative information on hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Hashimoto's, Graves' Disease, nodules http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

18. Thyroid Disorders thyroid disorders. thyroid disorders Menu Primary Hypothyroid Seconday Hypothyroid (Hypopituitarism) "Subclinical" Hypothyroidism Juvenile http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

19. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 2, Ch. 8, Thyroid Disorders Section 2. Endocrine And Metabolic Disorders Chapter 8. thyroid disorders Topics General Euthyroid Goiter http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

20. Thyroid Disorders And Pregnancy thyroid disorders and Pregnancy. Thyroid disease is present in 25 percent of Several of the thyroid disorders which tend to occur during pregnancy are http://www.thyroid.ca/Articles/EngE11A.html

Version française Thyroid Disorders and Pregnancy Gregory P. Becks, MD, FRCP(C) Assistant Professor of Medicine St. Joseph's Health Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario Gerard N. Burrow, MD, FRCP Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences and Dean, School of Medicine University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Thyroid Disorders and Pregnancy Thyroid disease is present in 2-5 percent of all women and 1-2 percent of women in the reproductive age group. Not unexpectedly, thyroid problems are common in women who are pregnant. In this article we will view pregnancy broadly to include the antepartum (before pregnancy) and postpartum (after pregnancy) periods, as well as pregnancy itself. Both the baby's and mother's well-being are equally important. In this review we will outline our approach to the common thyroid disorders encountered in pregnancy based on questions frequently asked by our own patients. Spectrum of Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy Several of the thyroid disorders which tend to occur during pregnancy are autoimmune in nature. By this we mean that the body develops antibodies directed against thyroid cells, which then affect the way the thyroid gland functions. Antibodies which damage the thyroid cells may result in lymphocytic thyroiditis (inflammation of the thyroid), also known as Hashimoto's disease. These damaging antibodies can reduce the function of the thyroid and lead to hypothyroidism. On the other hand, your body can make antibodies against thyroid tissue which can stimulate thyroid cell function. In this case, hyperthyroidism due to over-function of the thyroid (Graves' disease) may be the result.

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