1. The Scoliosis Association scoliosis FACTSSPANISH(en Español) TYPES OF scoliosis NON-SURGICAL MANAGEMENT SPINAL PROBLEMS SPINE CONFERENCES REGISTER FOR A CONFERENCE http://www.scoliosis-assoc.org/

CONTACT US VIEW CART HOME ABOUT US ... SHOPPING CART-SCOLIOSIS MATERIAL P.O Box 811705 Boca Raton, FL. 33481-1705 Tel: (561) 994-4435 Fax: (561) 994-2455 Hosting and start cart ecommerce by World Wide Web Store

2. IScoliosis.com - Have Questions About Scoliosis? IScoliosis.com Has Answers. scoliosis is a condition that affects the spines of children, teenagers, and adults alike. iscoliosis.com provides information on the symptoms, causes, http://www.iscoliosis.com/

Cotrel Spinal Research Foundation "Spinal disease is quite a vast field and it will keep on growing in relation to today's modern lifestyle as well as the phenomenon of increased human longevity," once wrote Dr. Yves Cotrel. Read More... Screening Cobb Diagnostic Self-Assessment Scoliosis is a condition which affects the spines of many children, teenagers and adults. The human spine features many natural curvatures which help our bodies to move and be flexible. Read More... Bracing Observation Thoracoplasty Because the majority of scoliosis cases will never progress to the point where surgery is necessary, non-surgical treatment options, whether bracing or observation, will always be used as a first attempt to control curve progression. Read More... Erica's Story When my family and I were on vacation, my mom noticed that my left shoulder blade stuck out. She looked at my back and realized that something was wrong. Read More Jean's Story I have been struggling with back pain for most of my life.

3. Scoliosis Provides information on the causes and the different treatments available. http://members.optusnet.com.au/physio/scoliosis.html

There are many causes of a structural scoliosis, but by far the most common (80 to 90 per cent) is the unknown, or idiopathic. This idiopathic scoliosis develops usually as the spine is growing rapidly. The earliest form, or infantile form, occurs in the first three years of life, and it usually resolves with time. The juvenile form occurs up to the age of nine, and has a high familial relationship. It can often be a progressive scoliosis. The adolescent form is the most common, and occurs from nine to fourteen years, and the most severe cases involve females. It is not known for sure why some children get a scoliosis. It appears that genetic inheritance is a major contributor to a scoliosis. When should screening for scoliosis occur? The most important part of the management of scoliosis is the early detection of its presence, as early management may prevent the need for surgery. The Spine Society of Australia recommends that screening for scoliosis should be done on Year 7 and Year 9 schoolgirls. Management of Scoliosis The management of a scoliosis is determined by the extent of the scoliosis. A number of methods are used to decide upon the most appropriate treatment. In most instances a mild scoliosis requires no specific treatment. Advice in regard to posture and exercises may be offered. If the scoliosis is more severe it must be treated.

4. Scoliosis Association (UK) Charity providing support, useful links and some basic information about scoliosis, including how to recognise this condition in children. http://www.sauk.org.uk/

Contact us SAUK info SAUK news Scoliosis ... Links The Scoliosis Association (UK) was founded in 1981. It is the only independent support group for scoliosis in the UK. There is no cure for scoliosis, only corrective treatment for the twisting and curving spine. SAUK aims to provide information about scoliosis, eliminate fear and stigma, and offer contacts for shared experiences, because: adolescents need support and reassurance parents need information and contact with others who have been through the same situation older people need help with pain the public need to be aware of the importance of early detection of scoliosis in children The Scoliosis Association (UK) is a registered charity, number 285290 people have visited this site since January 2000 Scoliosis Association (UK) Registered Charity Number 285290 These pages are maintained by Al Menzies

5. Scoliosis Information, and resources to help understand and treat this common disorder. http://orthopedics.about.com/health/orthopedics/blscoliosis.htm

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6. SCOLIOSISRX SCOLIOSIS TREATMENT Information about brace treatment and surgery for scoliosis. Written by an orthopaedic surgeon. http://www.scoliosisrx.com/

Friday, 09-Sep-2005 13:26:24 EDT - 67.18.104.18 - SCOLIOSIS TREATMENT Last Revision July 20,2005 Scoliosis Research Institute Ronald Blackman M.D. 1073 Hubert Road Oakland, CA. 94610 For curriculum vita and photo Dr. Blackman. In association with Jason Smith M.D. 425 Gregory Lane, Pleasant Hill, CA 94523 For curriculum vita and photo Dr.Smith Here also is a link under construction for a slide show of some of Dr. Smith's cases. NOTE: Here and at the end of this page is a link to the technique of minimally invasive spine surgery for scoliosis. Please read the entire page prior to clicking onto just this technique.IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT I NO LONGER RECOMEND THIS TECHNIQUE except for a few specific instances which includes removal of ligaments and disc for loosening up a stiff curve prior to posterior fusion. DESPITE my DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNIQUE I BELIEVE BETTER APPROACHES (posterior pedicle screws) HAVE OCCURRED WITH BETTER CORRECTION,and LOWER FAILURE RATES Scoliosis is the medical term for curvature of the spine. This paper deals primarily with the surgical treatment of scoliosis. Xray pictures of scoliosis before and after treatment are shown. The thumbnail pictures of scoliosis can be enlarged by clicking on them.

7. Virtual Children's Hospital: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Prevalence, Natura A multimedia textbook on the diagnosis and treatment indications for scoliosis in the adolescent. http://www.vh.org/pediatric/provider/orthopaedics/AIS/AIS.html

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Prevalence, Natural History, Treatment Indications Stuart L. Weinstein, M.D. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Creation Date: Unknown Last Revision Date: March 1998 Table of Contents Diagnosis Curve Patterns Relationship of Spinal Growth to Maturity ... This Site's Awards, Reviews and Comments See other scoliosis materials: Scoliosis Surgery Scoliosis Surgery: Questions for the Doctor Questions Often Asked About Scoliosis Treating Scoliosis in Muscular Dystrophy ... Treating Scoliosis with Posterior Spinal Fusion with Instrumentation This information is written primarily for providers. See related Provider Textbooks about Orthopaedic Surgery See related Provider Topics Bones, Joints and Muscles Child and Teen Health Food, Nutrition and Metabolism Orthopaedic Surgery ... Scoliosis or Teen Health See related Patient Textbooks about Orthopaedic Surgery See related Patient Topics Bones, Joints and Muscles

8. National Scoliosis Foundation Welcome to the home of the National scoliosis Foundation. June 28, 2005. Dave Wolpert has released a second edition of his book scoliosis Surgery, http://www.scoliosis.org/

1-800-NSF-MYBACK (673-6922) NSF@scoliosis.org Recent news and upcoming events Welcome to the home of the National Scoliosis Foundation. August 15, 2005 New Arrival - “Scoli~Band” The Scoli~Band is a livestrong styled bracelet designed to show unity among scoliosis patients, healthcare providers, and supporters worldwide. The green bracelet displaying the three curves from our logo was designed by Jamie Phillips, a post surgical teenager volunteering at a hospital and running a support group with her Mom to help other kids. The bracelets are now available in our Store June 28, 2005 Dave Wolpert has released a second edition of his book "Scoliosis Surgery, The Definitive Patient's Reference". We have it in stock and it can be ordered now from the books section of the NSF Store! March 31, 2005 Scheuermann's epiphisitis subjects needed. Persons age 10-25 with Scheuermann's epiphisitis are sought to participate in a study of the psychosocial impact of the disorder. The study, approved by the University of Michigan Institutional Review Board, (IRBMED #2004-0345, principal investigator Andrew J. Haig, M.D.) involves a 7 page questionnaire on the disease, coping mechanisms, and quality of life, followed by a 1/2 hour semiqualitative phone interview. Physicians and

9. Index Researching the gene that causes AIS to help the development of a cure. http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/ais/

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10. Spinal Stenosis, Spondylolisthesis, Laminectomy, Myelopathy, Adult Scoliosis, Fl This New York clinic provides good quality information on a range of back problems, including, scoliosis and herniated disc. http://www.orthospine.com

11. Scoliosis Research Society A non profit organization dedicated to education, research, and treatment of spinal deformity. http://srs.org/

The Scoliosis Research Society is a professional organization, made up of physicians and allied health personnel. Our primary focus is on providing continuing medical education for health care professionals and on funding/supporting research in spinal deformities. Founded in 1966, the SRS has gained recognition as one of the world's premier spine societies. Strict membership criteria ensure that the individual Fellows support that commitment. Current membership includes over 800 of the world's leading spine surgeons as well as some researchers, physician assistants and orthotists who are involved in research and treatment of spinal deformities. If you are a patient or parent of a patient, please click the Patients/Public Information option on the navigation bar to the left for information and resources about spinal deformities. The Mission of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) is to foster optimal care of the patient with any disorder that may affect the shape, alignment or function of the spine, throughout life. The SRS accomplishes this, through education, research, advocacy and ethical practice. President Randal R. Betz, MD

12. IScoliosis.com - Have Questions About Scoliosis? IScoliosis.com scoliosis is a condition that affects the spines of children, teenagers, and adults alike. iscoliosis.com provides information on the symptoms http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

13. IScoliosis.com - Causes - Congenital Scoliosis Congenital scoliosis is defined as a curvature of the spine that is the result of malformations of the vertebral elements. http://www.iscoliosis.com/causes-congenital.html

Congenital Kyphosis Neuromuscular Adult Scoliosis Congenital Scoliosis Congenital scoliosis is defined as a curvature of the spine that is the result of malformations of the vertebral elements. The fact that the spine and spinal column ever form correctly is amazing given the complexity of the process from an embryological standpoint. Most of this development happens during the third to sixth week in utero (after conception). In spite of the opportunities for error, congenital malformations are relatively rare. The elements of the spinal column develop at the same time as several other major organ systems such as the bladder, kidneys, and heart. As a result, there is an association between congenital vertebral anomalies and other malformations. For example, there is a 20% incidence of associated genitourinary anomalies in children with congenital scoliosis. Malformations of the spinal cord are also common, and medical attention should be sought if there is any suggestion of an intraspinal problem such as dimples or hairy patches over the skin of the back, pain, or spasticity in the lower extremities. If your child is thought to have congenital scoliosis, the evaluation should begin with a thorough physical examination in search of associated congenital anomalies. Taking x-rays of the entire spine will determine if congenital scoliosis is present. X-rays will also allow your doctor to determine the type and severity of the congenital vertebral malformations, which helps predict the long-term risk that your child's curve may get worse with growth. A renal ultrasound is usually recommended as part of the routine screening assessment if congenital scoliosis has been confirmed. An MRI of the spinal cord may be indicated if there is suspicion of a spinal cord abnormality or unexplained rapid progression of the curve.

14. Scoliosis Find out more about this disorder, how to detect it, and what corrective surgery is like. http://www.kidshealth.org/kid/health_problems/bone/scolio.html

KidsHealth Kids Kids' Health Problems Your spine, or backbone, helps hold your body upright. Without it, you couldn't walk, run, or play sports . If you look at yourself sideways in the mirror or look at a friend from the side, you'll notice that the back isn't flat like a piece of board. Instead, it curves in and out between your neck and lower back. Despite that gentle curve, a healthy spine appears to run straight down the middle of the back. The trouble for someone with scoliosis is that the spine curves from side to side in a "C" or "S" shape or is twisted. What Is Scoliosis? The word scoliosis (say: sko-lee- oh -sus) comes from a Greek word meaning crooked. If you have scoliosis, you're not alone. About three out of every 100 people have some form of scoliosis, though for many people it's not much of a problem. For a small number of people, the curve gets worse as they grow and they may need a brace or an operation to correct it. Someone with scoliosis may have a back that curves like an "S" or a "C." This type of curve may be noticeable to others and can be uncomfortable. See the X-ray image to get an idea of what scoliosis looks like. No one knows what causes the most common type of scoliosis called idiopathic (say: ih-dee-uh- pa -thik) scoliosis . (Idiopathic is a fancy word for unknown.) Doctors do know that scoliosis can run in families. So if a parent, sister, or brother had scoliosis, you might have it, too. About the same number of girls and boys have scoliosis, but girls are more likely to need treatment.

15. SCOLIOSISRX SCOLIOSIS TREATMENT Information about brace treatment and surgery for scoliosis. Written by an orthopaedic surgeon. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

16. Scoliosis Research Society This is the website for the scoliosis Research Society, a nonprofit organization dedicated to education, research, and treatment of spinal deformity. http://www.srs.org/

The Scoliosis Research Society is a professional organization, made up of physicians and allied health personnel. Our primary focus is on providing continuing medical education for health care professionals and on funding/supporting research in spinal deformities. Founded in 1966, the SRS has gained recognition as one of the world's premier spine societies. Strict membership criteria ensure that the individual Fellows support that commitment. Current membership includes over 800 of the world's leading spine surgeons as well as some researchers, physician assistants and orthotists who are involved in research and treatment of spinal deformities. If you are a patient or parent of a patient, please click the Patients/Public Information option on the navigation bar to the left for information and resources about spinal deformities. The Mission of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) is to foster optimal care of the patient with any disorder that may affect the shape, alignment or function of the spine, throughout life. The SRS accomplishes this, through education, research, advocacy and ethical practice. President Randal R. Betz, MD

17. Scoliosis - MayoClinic.com scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine. Most cases are mild, but severe cases may require treatment with braces or surgery. http://www.mayoclinic.com/invoke.cfm?id=DS00194

18. Scoliosis Research Society This is the website for the scoliosis Research Society, a nonprofit organization dedicated to education, research, and treatment of spinal http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

19. Understanding Scoliosis Information about scoliosis, including indepth diagnosis and treatment information on idiopathic scoliosis or adolescent scoliosis, including scoliosis http://www.spine-health.com/topics/cd/scoliosis/scoliosis01.html

Introduction Common causes Conservative care Surgery ... Anatomy Search Understanding idiopathic scoliosis Introduction to idiopathic scoliosis Symptoms and diagnosis Non-surgical treatment options Scoliosis surgery Figures Fig 1: Idiopathic scoliosis larger view Related information Bracing for scoliosis found less effective for overweight teens Back braces Scheuermann's disease of the thoracic and lumbar spine Bracing treatment for idiopathic scoliosis ... Degenerative scoliosis Understanding idiopathic scoliosis The term scoliosis is used to describe a condition, which represents an abnormal curvature of the spine, but it is not a disease or a diagnosis. Scoliosis can be caused by congenital, developmental or degenerative problems, but most cases of scoliosis actually have no known cause, and this is known as

20. Scoliosis scoliosis occurs relatively frequently in the general population, scoliosis has many causes, and a brief differential diagnosis is listed in the outline http://www.rad.washington.edu/mskbook/scoliosis.html

UW Radiology Home Approaches To DDx In Musculoskeletal Imaging Contents Preface ... Hardware Scoliosis Osteopenia Osteonecrosis Skeletal Dysplasias ... Search this site Approaches To Differential Diagnosis In Musculoskeletal Imaging Michael L. Richardson, M.D. Scoliosis patient with thoracic scoliosis, convex to the right, bridged by a Harrington rod and bone graft along the concave side of the spine If scoliosis is neglected, the curves may progress dramatically, creating significant physical deformity and even cardiopulmonary problems with especially severe curves. Currently, scoliosis is treated successfully by special braces, electrical stimulation, surgery, or by combinations of these three techniques. Generally, scoliosis is treated by orthopedic surgeons with special training in spinal problems. However, radiographic scoliosis examinations are ordered by a wide variety of other physicians, most of whom look toward the radiologist as the local musculoskeletal expert, after the orthopedist. Therefore, one must know how to read these films and how to dictate a coherent and helpful interpretation of them. A sample dictation of a typical examination is shown below: Standing AP and lateral views of the entire spine demonstrate an arcuate thoracolumbar scoliosis with a rightward convexity. No associated vertebral abnormalities are noted. Using the Cobb technique, and measuring from the top of the T9 and the bottom of the L3 vertebral bodies, this angle measures approximately 27 degrees. The apex of the curve is at the T12 vertebral body and demonstrates grade 3 out of 4 rotation to the right. Lateral bending films show persistence of the curvature with bending to the right and increased curvature with bending to the left. This indicates that the thoracolumbar curve is structural and major. The iliac apophyses are complete along the iliac crests, but have not yet fused with the ilium, indicating that the patient has not yet reached skeletal maturity.

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