41. Retinoblastoma retinoblastoma (RB) is a malignant tumor of the developing retina that occurs in The clinical diagnosis of retinoblastoma is usually established by http://www.geneclinics.org/profiles/retinoblastoma/details.html

Retinoblastoma Authors: Dietmar R Lohmann, MD Brenda L Gallie, MD About the Authors / Author History Initial Posting: 18 July 2000 Last Revision 21 January 2005 Summary Disease characteristics. Retinoblastoma (RB) is a malignant tumor of the developing retina that occurs in children, usually before the age of five years. RB occurs in cells that have cancer-predisposing mutations in both copies of the gene . RB may be unifocal or multifocal. About 60% of affected individuals have unilateral RB with a mean age of diagnosis of 24 months; about 40% have bilateral RB with a mean age of diagnosis of 15 months. Individuals heterozygous for a cancer-predisposing mutation in one allele are said to have a germline mutation and thus have a hereditary predisposition to RB. They also have an increased risk of developing other RB-related (non-ocular) tumors. Early diagnosis and treatment of RB and RB-related tumors can reduce morbidity and increase longevity. Diagnosis/testing.

42. Retinoblastoma : CancerBACUP Quick fact sheet about retinoblastoma. http://www.cancerbacup.org.uk/info/child-retinoblastoma.htm

@import "/stylesheet-site.css"; Search Retinoblastoma This information is about retinoblastoma in children. It is helpful to read it alongside the CancerBACUP general information on , which contains detailed information about cancers in children, their diagnosis and treatment and the support services available. What is retinoblastoma? Causes of retinoblastoma Signs and symptoms How it is diagnosed ... References What is retinoblastoma? About 40 cases of retinoblastoma are diagnosed each year in the UK. Most of these occur in children younger than 5 years old, although it can affect children of any age. Retinoblastoma is a tumour that occurs in the retina. This is the light-sensitive lining of the eye. It can occur in two forms: an inherited form where there are often tumours in both eyes ( bilateral ) or sometimes only in one eye a non-inherited form where there is a tumour in only one eye ( unilateral Diagram of the eye (d) back to top Causes of retinoblastoma The inherited form of retinoblastoma (which is about 2 cases in every 5), is caused by a genetic abnormality. This means that an abnormal gene, which can be passed from a parent to the child, allows the tumour to develop. People with this gene, known as the Rb gene , also have a slightly increased risk of developing other types of tumours.

43. Retinoblastoma retinoblastoma is a rare tumour of the eye which develops in the cells of the General information for retinoblastoma (St Jude s Children s Research http://www.cancerindex.org/ccw/guide2r.htm

Home Site Map Cancer Types Treatments ... About Retinoblastoma Menu Cancer-Types Retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma Menu About Retinoblastoma Organisations / Support Groups Resources for Parents and the Public Home Pages of Children and Families Resources for Health Professionals Search Elsewhere for Resources About Retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma is a rare tumour of the eye which develops in the cells of the retina, most patients are under 5 years old. Sometimes only one eye is affected (unilateral-retinoblastoma ), but in about two fifths of patients both eyes have the disease (bilateral-retinoblastoma ). Some cases are known to be hereditary. This page contains links to information specifically related to Retinoblastoma, other relevant resources are availible via the Main Menu of Children's Cancer Web. Retinoblastoma Menu Site Menu Suggest a site Organisations / Support Groups (3 links) National Retinoblastoma Research and Support Foundation (USA) A support group established by parents and friends of children treated at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute. The NRRSF aims to establish a national network to provide support to parents with children affected by retinoblastoma. R-BLASTOMA - Email list (ACOR) Retinoblastoma Information and Support Retinoblastoma Society, The

44. People Living With Cancer - Cancer Type - Cancer Page Describes risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, staging, and treatment of retinoblastoma. http://www.peoplelivingwithcancer.org/plwc/MainConstructor/1,1744,_04-0067-00_12

Home About Us Contact Us Message Boards Cancer Type: Select a Cancer Type Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Adrenal Gland Tumor Amyloidosis Anal Bile Duct Bladder Bone Brain Tumor Breast Breast, Inflammatory Breast, Male Breast, Metaplastic Carcinoid Tumors Cervical Childhood Central Nervous System Astrocytoma Brain Stem Glioma Ependymoma Medulloblastoma Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioma Ewing's Sarcoma Germ Cell Tumors Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic (ALL) Leukemia, Acute Myeloid (AML) Lymphoma, Hodgkin Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Neuroblastoma Osteosarcoma Retinoblastoma Rhabdomyosarcoma Wilms Tumor Colorectal Endocrine Tumor Esophageal Eye Eyelid Fallopian Tube Gallbladder Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor Head and Neck Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Nasopharyngeal Oral and Oropharyngeal Salivary Gland HIV/AIDS-Related Islet Cell Tumors Kidney Lacrimal Gland Tumor Leukemia, Acute Lymphocytic (ALL) Leukemia, Acute Myeloid (AML) Leukemia, B-Cell Leukemia, Chronic Lymphocytic (CLL) Leukemia, Chronic Myeloid (CML) Leukemia, Eosinophilic

45. RB1 - Retinoblastoma 1 (including Osteosarcoma) - Aka: Rb - Cancer GeneticsWeb In hereditary retinoblastoma the RB1 gene is lost and children have multiple tumours retinoblastoma and the RB1 Gene (National Center for Biotechnology http://www.cancerindex.org/geneweb/RB1.htm

Cancer Genetics Web www.cancer genetics.org ; Retinoblastoma 1 (including osteosarcoma) (13q14.2) RB1 Menu Summary Information - RB1 Gene Database Entries for RB1 Other RB1 Related Resources The RB Tumour Supressor Family of Genes ... Feedback / suggest a new topic for RB1 Search: Summary Information RB1; Retinoblastoma 1 (including osteosarcoma) Location: Alias: Rb Overview: The Retinoblastoma gene (RB1), located on chromosome 13, is a tumour suppressor gene that was discovered in genetic studies of hereditary retinoblastoma. It also has a role in other cancers including osteosarcoma. The RB1 gene is important because it helps regulates cell division, if the gene is absent then cells may proliferate in an uncontrolled way leading to tumour formation. In hereditary retinoblastoma the RB1 gene is lost and children have multiple tumours in both eyes, while in children with sporadic (non-hereditary) retinoblastoma there is usually only one tumour in one eye. Return to RB1 Contents Gene Database Entries for RB1 OMIM GeneCard (Weizmann Institute) Human Gene Mutation Database (Cardiff, UK)

46. Retinoblastoma / Family Village Library RI has a mission to wipe out retinoblastoma worldwide through education and research. The National retinoblastoma Research and Support Foundation http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/lib_reti.htm

Retinoblastoma Who to Contact Where to Go to Chat with Others Learn More About It Web Sites ... Search Google for "Retinoblastoma" Who to Contact Retinoblastoma International 4650 Sunset Boulevard MS #88 Los Angeles, CA 90027 Phone: 323-669-2299 Fax: 323-660-8541 E-mail: info@retinoblastoma.net Web: http://www.retinoblastoma.net/ RI has a mission to wipe out retinoblastoma world-wide through education and research. To accomplish this mission we: Provide information about retinoblastoma to parents, family and friends Offer on-line continuing medical education and hands-on training in the management of retinoblastoma to health care professionals Promote early detection of retinoblastoma among parents and professionals Raise funds to support research on safer, more effective treatment that one day will be available to any child anywhere with retinoblastoma. Where to Go to Chat with Others Retinoblastoma Online Support Group Retinoblastoma Survivors Support Group KidsEyeCancerFriends Retinoblastoma Learn More About It About Retinoblastoma A Parent's Guide to Understanding Retinoblastoma What is Retinoblastoma?

47. The Retinoblastoma Protein- A Master Regulator Of Cell Cycle, Differentiation An Comprehensive scientific overview about the retinoblastoma protein. http://hucellbiol.mdc-berlin.de/review0_text.htm

The retinoblastoma protein- a master regulator of cell cycle, differentiation and apoptosis Susanne Herwig and Michael Strauss Danish Cancer Society, Division for Cancer Biology, Department of Cell Cycle and Cancer, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark correspondence Abbreviations pRb, retinoblastoma protein; , retinoblastoma gene; SV40 Tag, Simian virus 40 large T antigen; HPV, human papilloma virus; Pol, RNA polymerase; H folate reductase, dihydrofolate reductase; TK, thymidine kinase; RbK, retinoblastoma kinase; Cdk, cyclin-dependent kinase; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; TGF-b1, transforming growth factor b1; IFN-g, interferon-g; Cki, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor; TS, thymidylate synthase. Key words : retinoblastoma, cell cycle, restriction point, differentiation, apoptosis Acknowledgements We thank Michael Gotthardt for artwork. Summary The retinoblastoma susceptibility gene is a tumour suppressor and its product, pRb, is known as a repressor of progression towards S phase for 10 years. Its major activity was supposed to be sequestration or inactivation of the transcription factor E2F which is required for activation of S phase genes. However, within recent years growing evidence has been accumulating for a more general function of pRb at both, the transcriptional level as well as the cellular level. pRb not only regulates the activity of certain protein-encoding genes but also the activity of pol I and pol III transcription. This protein appears to be the major player in a regulatory circuit in the late G

48. National Cancer Institute - Retinoblastoma Home Page NCI s gateway for information about retinoblastoma. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/retinoblastoma

var bSearchBoxBool=false; Quick Links Director's Corner Dictionary of Cancer Terms NCI Drug Dictionary Funding Opportunities ... NIH Calendar of Events NCI Highlights NCI Offers Support for Those in Need After Katrina NCI Announces Plan to Fight Lung Cancer National Prostate Cancer Awareness Month National Ovarian Cancer Awareness ... Past Highlights Retinoblastoma Related Pages What You Need To Know About Cancer - An Overview An overview of cancer detection, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. NIH Publication No. A fact sheet about children's cancer centers and health care approaches, including clinical trials for children with cancer. Young People with Cancer: A Handbook for Parents Discusses the most common types of childhood cancer, treatments and side effects, and issues that may arise when a child is diagnosed with cancer. Offers medical information and practical tips gathered from parents. Includes a section on talking to children about cancer. Full description of the NCI PDQ database. General Cancer Resources Coping with Cancer Managing side effects and complications caused by cancer and its treatment.

49. National Cancer Institute - Retinoblastoma (PDQ®): Tratamiento Translate this page ¿Qu© es un retinoblastoma? ¿Qu© es un retinoblastoma? Un retinoblastoma es un tumor maligno (canceroso) de la retina, el tejido nervioso delgado que http://www.cancer.gov/espanol/pdq/tratamiento/retinoblastoma/Patient

var bSearchBoxBool=false; Actualizado: Descripci³n Explicaci³n de los estadios Aspectos generales de las opciones de tratamiento Retinoblastoma intraocular Retinoblastoma extraocular ... Descripci³n del PDQ Utilice esta p¡gina Imprimir p¡gina Imprimir documento Ver documento Compartir este documento Quick Links Director's Corner Dictionary of Cancer Terms NCI Drug Dictionary Funding Opportunities ... NIH Calendar of Events NCI Highlights NCI Offers Support for Those in Need After Katrina NCI Announces Plan to Fight Lung Cancer National Prostate Cancer Awareness Month National Ovarian Cancer Awareness ... Past Highlights Descripci³n ¿Qu© es un retinoblastoma? ¿Qu© es un retinoblastoma? Un retinoblastoma es un tumor maligno (canceroso) de la retina, el tejido nervioso delgado que reviste la parte posterior de los ojos y que detecta la luz y forma las im¡genes. A pesar de que el retinoblastoma puede presentarse a cualquier edad, aparece con mayor frecuencia en los ni±os m¡s j³venes, usualmente antes de cumplir los cinco a±os. El tumor puede estar situado en uno o ambos ojos. Este tipo de tumor normalmente se concentra en los ojos y no se extiende a otros tejidos o partes del cuerpo. El pron³stico de su ni±o (sus probabilidades de recobrar y retener la vista) as­ como las opciones de tratamiento depender¡n de hasta qu© punto se haya extendido la enfermedad, tanto en los ojos como fuera de ellos. Esta enfermedad la causa una mutaci³n en el gen llamado Retinoblastoma-1 . Estas mutaciones son heredadas (se trasmite de padres a hijos) o nuevas (no se trasmite de padres a hijos). Algunas mutaciones nuevas podr­an convertirse en "hereditarias" (la nueva mutaci³n se transmite de padres a hijos). Los tumores ocasionados por mutaciones hereditarias se llaman retinoblastomas hereditarios. Los tumores ocasionados por mutaciones nuevas, se les llama retinoblastomas espor¡dicos. Los retinoblastomas hereditarios podr­an formarse en uno o ambos ojos, y generalmente se les encuentra en los ni±os de m¡s corta edad. La mayor­a de retinoblastomas que se presentan solo en un ojo, no son hereditarios y son m¡s frecuentes en ni±os mayores de edad. Cuando los tumores se forman en ambos ojos, la enfermedad es casi siempre hereditaria. Debido al factor hereditario, tanto los pacientes como sus hermanos y hermanas deber­an someterse a ex¡menes peri³dicos, incluyendo asesoramiento gen©tico, para determinar el riesgo que tienen de desarrollar la enfermedad.

50. Retinoblastoma retinoblastoma bar3.gif (4740 bytes). Bullet Recurrent Orbital retinoblastoma after Enucleation This is a case presentation of a 3 year old boy who http://www.lowvision.org/retinoblastoma.htm

Retinoblastoma Recurrent Orbital Retinoblastoma after Enucleation This is a case presentation of a 3 year old boy who presented with orbital recurrence of retinoblastoma after enucleation and limited radiation therapy. Following the case presentation, a review of therapeutic modalities for retinoblastoma will be discussed, with particular focus on enucleation and the management of recurrence of tumor in the globe. A Parent's Guide to Understanding Retinoblastoma Patient Statement: Retinoblastoma - Updated 04/98 What is Retinoblastoma? An Inspirational, Spiritual Book About Childhood Cancer (Retinoblastoma) Perfect Vision, A Mother's Experience With Childhood Cancer, is an inspirational book that deals with a tragic experience. Coming to grips with the grief. Retinoblastoma Basics Retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma Foundation Genetics of Retinoblastoma ... The National Retinoblastoma Research and Support Foundation

51. DJO | Digital Journal Of Ophthalmology retinoblastoma is a disease that causes the growth of malignant tumors in The frequency that retinoblastoma occurs has increased over the past 60 years. http://www.djo.harvard.edu/site.php?url=/patients/pi/436

52. The Retinoblastoma Gene Studies of a rare childhood tumor, retinoblastoma, reveal an important class The retinoblastoma tumor suppresser gene produces a protein important for http://apu.sfn.org/content/Publications/BrainBriefings/retinoblastoma.html

Login Directory Merchandise Contact Us ... Abstracts/Annual Meeting Publications Full size image available below The Retinoblastoma Gene Studies of a rare childhood tumor, retinoblastoma, reveal an important class of genes called tumor suppressers that control cell division. The retinoblastoma tumor suppresser gene produces a protein important for nervous system development, aging and replication of some viruses. Studies of this gene and other tumor suppressers are leading to new ideas for preventing or treating retinoblastoma and other diseases. Think of riding a rollercoaster without brakes. The thrilling speed and curves quickly become frightening as the coaster accelerates out of control. Like a rollercoaster, the cells in our bodies normally operate with great precision, safely cycling between rapid cell division and rest. Occasionally, however, a cell's molecular "brakes" fail, allowing run-away cell growth and division. Many of the first insights into the importance of cellular "braking" come from studies of an eye tumor called retinoblastoma that affects about 400 children a year. Learning how cell division goes awry in this disease is leading to: Understanding of many genes that control division of nerve and other cells.

53. Retinoblastoma - General Practice Notebook Clinicallyoriented information. http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk:80/simplepage.cfm?ID=1248526346

54. What Is Retinoblastoma? retinoblastoma (RB) is a term which refers to the genetic condition causing Trilateral retinoblastoma is caused from the same thing as Bi-lateral. http://www.mrmegabyte.net/rb/retino.html

On this page What is it? Tony Tony Adults ... Home What is Retinoblastoma? The newer stuff is at the bottom of the page! I state here, on my page, that I'm not a doctor. I want to make sure everyone knows that. I am, as stated elsewhere, in the medical field, and I've done some research on the subject of Retinoblastoma. Here's my explanation of what Retinoblastoma is. For the most, up-to-date and late breaking information, try one of my LINKS Retinoblastoma (RB) is a term which refers to the genetic condition causing tumors to grow on the Retina of the eye. Unilateral RB simply means that tumors have grown in only one eye. Unilateral might not be caused by genetic, but rather a spontaneous growth. Bilateral RB is when a tumor or tumors have grown in both eyes and usually indicates a genetic influence (either spontaneous mutation or inherited). If you break Retino-blast-oma into it's separate components you can begin to get an idea of what it's about. Retino refers to the Retina which is a part of our eye (see diagram below). Blast is a medical term used to indicate that the tumor is derived from the "primitive" cell. Any tumor name with "blast" in it indicates that it's from the "infantile" cell, and almost always occur in children, before their cells mature.

55. Retinoblastoma retinoblastoma is usually confined to the eye, and as a result, more than 90% Most patients with retinoblastoma have extensive disease within the eye at http://imsdd.meb.uni-bonn.de/cancer.gov/CDR0000062846.html

Treatment statement for Health professionals Retinoblastoma Get this document via a secure connection General Information Cellular Classification Stage Information ... More Information General Information This cancer treatment information summary provides an overview of the prognosis, diagnosis, classification, and treatment of retinoblastoma. The National Cancer Institute provides the PDQ pediatric cancer treatment information summaries as a public service to increase the availability of evidence-based cancer information to health professionals, patients, and the public. These summaries are updated regularly according to the latest published research findings by an Editorial Board of pediatric oncology specialists. Cancer in children and adolescents is rare. Children and adolescents with cancer should be referred to medical centers that have a multidisciplinary team of cancer specialists with experience treating the cancers that occur during childhood and adolescence. This multidisciplinary team approach incorporates the skills of the primary care physician, an ophthalmologist with extensive experience in the treatment of children with retinoblastoma, pediatric surgical subspecialists, radiation oncologists, pediatric medical oncologists/hematologists, rehabilitation specialists, pediatric nurse specialists, social workers, and others in order to ensure that children receive treatment, supportive care, and rehabilitation that will achieve optimal survival and quality of life. Refer to the PDQ

56. Sena's Eyes, Home Dedicated to retinoblastoma awareness and early detection of treatable eye diseases. http://home.mchsi.com/~senaseyes//wsb/html/view.cgi-home.html-.html

Sena's Eyes Highlights Quote to Live By Retinoblastoma Pamphlet Sena's Rb Blankies Sena's Story and Update ... What's an ophthalmoscope? What is Retinoblastoma? Retinoblastoma is a cancer of the eye. One baby is diagnosed with retinoblastoma every day in the United States. Symptoms of Retinoblastoma Poor eye alignment A white "cat's eye" look in photographs or in dark rooms (called "leukocoria" meaning white pupil) "Lazy eye" Vision difficulties Red, irritated eyes Sensitivity to light Watery eyes Nothing unusual Trust yourself. You know more than you think you do. -Dr. Benjamin Spock You are visitor

57. EMedicine - Retinoblastoma : Article By Marichelle L Aventura, MD retinoblastoma retinoblastoma is the most common primary ocular malignancy of childhood.The first description of a tumor resembling retinoblastoma was by http://www.emedicine.com/oph/topic346.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Ophthalmology Retina Retinoblastoma Last Updated: March 14, 2005 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: intraocular childhood malignancy, tumor, ocular malignancy, RB gene, retinoblastoma gene, childhood cancer AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Marichelle L Aventura, MD , Consulting Staff, Department of Ophthalmology, Santo Tomas University Hospital of Manila, Philippine Heart Center Coauthor(s): Manolette R Roque, MD , General Manager, Ophthalmic Consultants Philippines Co, Chief of Service, Ocular Immunology and Uveitis, Consulting Staff, Cataract, Cornea and Refractive Surgery Service, Eye Republic Ophthalmology Clinic Thomas M Aaberg, Jr, MD , Ophthalmology, Associated Retinal Consultants Marichelle L Aventura, MD, is a member of the following medical societies:

58. RETINOBLASTOMA - Definition Definition of retinoblastoma, with links to each word in the definition for further explanations. http://www.hyperdictionary.com/dictionary/retinoblastoma

English Dictionary Computer Dictionary Thesaurus Dream Dictionary ... Medical Dictionary Search Dictionary: Meaning of RETINOBLASTOMA Pronunciation: r`etun`owbl`ast'owmu WordNet Dictionary Definition: [n] malignant ocular tumor of ... cells Sponsored Links: See Also: malignant neoplasm malignant tumor metastatic tumor Medical Dictionary Definition: An eye cancer that most often occurs in children younger than 5 years. It occurs in hereditary and nonhereditary (sporadic) forms. Biology Dictionary Definition: Retinoblastoma is the most common malignant intraocular neoplasm of infants, about half of all children with retinoblastoma may be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, in which case, the cancer afflicts both eyes. Glossary Definition: a cancer of the retina of the eye in children, inherited as a dominant. HOME ABOUT HYPERDICTIONARY

59. RETINOBLASTOMA Sydney Australia and Sarah was recently diagnosed with unilateral retinoblastoma. This is our story and we are building a homepage for retinoblastoma as http://homepage.idx.com.au/muznsam/

SARAH'S RETINOBLASTOMA HOMEPAGE This is a picture of Sarah at preschool before being diagnosed. JoannaM@nch.edu.au . Click this link to go to the latest issue of the Retinoblastoma Support Group Newsletter . The colours of this page represent the rainbow. The reason for this is when Sarah had to have her eye cleaned and drops inserted after the enucleation, she sang a song to overcome the pain. The song was "I can Sing a Rainbow". What is Retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumour or cancer which develops in the cells of the retina, the thin nerve tissue that lines the back of the eye and senses light. Although RB may occur at any age, it most often occurs in children before they reach the age of 5. Retinoblastoma happens to approximately 1 in 20,000 children. RB is either unilateral (one eye affected) or bi-lateral (both eyes affected), but can occasionally be tri-lateral (intracranial). Sarah's Story.... On the 6th August , 98 we took Sarah to our local Optometrist because we had noticed a whitish/green looking pool in her left eye. We later found out that this was leucocoria. In this photo you can see the white spot (leucocoria) in Sarah's left eye .

60. Retinoblastoma retinoblastoma. Oncolink References on retinoblastoma. This document maintained by Robert J. Huskey Last updated on November 10, 1998. http://wsrv.clas.virginia.edu/~rjh9u/retblst.html

Retinoblastoma Oncolink References on Retinoblastoma This document maintained by Robert J. Huskey Last updated on November 10, 1998.

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