41. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO): Outline For Medical Students And Primar D. retinal migraine, a rare cause, usually a diagnosis of exclusion. PRESENTATION. Presentation is usually with a sudden painless loss of vision. http://www.eyeweb.org/CRAO.htm

Central Retinal Artery Occlusion By Christiane Haddad, MD Central retinal artery occlusive disease (CRAO) is one of the most sudden and dramatic events seen in ophthalmology, though a less frequent chronic form also exists. It remains a disease of poor visual prognosis despite a multitude of studies and experimental trials. CAUSES The most common association is atherosclerosis followed by arterial hypertension. Carotid artery disease occurs in 45%. The difference in etiology depends on age; if presentation is at less than 30 years, it is more associated with migraine, trauma and coagulation disorders. I. Embolization A. Emboli from the heart can be: calcific, from aortic or mitral valve calcifications vegetations, from bacterial endocarditis thrombi, after myocardial infarction ‘mural thrombi’ and with mitral valve prolapse myxomatous, from atrial myxomas mainly to the left eye B.

42. Portal Toolkit Invalid Site URL One in 200 migraineurs is affected with retinal migraine 48. This entity should be more accurately called ocular migraine as retinal or ciliary http://www.co-ophthalmology.com/pt/re/coophth/fulltext.00055735-200312000-00005.

Sorry, the URL specified, http://www.co-ophthalmology.com:80/pt/re/coophth/fulltext.00055735-200312000-00005.htm , is invalid. To go to site for "TEST-Current Opinion in Ophthalmology" please click here http://www.co-ophthalmology.com To go to site for "Current Opinion in Ophthalmology" please click here http://www.co-ophthalmology.com To go to the LWW Online site, please click here http://www.lwwonline.com Thank you

43. Dorlands Medical Dictionary retinal migraine, a type of ophthalmic migraine with retinal symptoms such as monocular visual loss or blurring, probably because of constriction of one or http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszS

44. Retinal Migraine This website provides detailed information on retinal migraine. http://www.headachefreedom.com/headache-resources/headache-resources426.htm

Your Door To Headache Freedom Get the "must have" eBook on natural approaches to headache care: "Free Yourself From Headache Pain: Treat Yourself Naturally" Available at Home Our Top retinal migraine Resources Click on the site of interest to pop up a new browser window displaying the retinal migraine resource of interest. ... A discussion about retinal migraine along with graphics. http://imigraine.net/ migraine retinal Migraine LocalPin - Retinal Retinal -related links from LocalPin. Find links to Retinal in our geographically-organised fully-searchable database including many links to Retinal and Retinal -related sites. Over 3,500,000 websites. ... A discussion about retinal migraine along with graphics. http://imigraine.net/ migraine retinal .html. record no 7 of 10 ... The Balance Center: Migraines These recurring headaches often are accompanied by vomiting, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound. Symptoms can last hours or even days. ... before the onset of a migraine headache. Common instigators are ... sleep patterns, important in migraine management, serve the dual ... that can provoke a

45. Arquivos De Neuro-Psiquiatria - In retinal migraine this vasospasm may result in blindness3435, illustrating vasospasm to have occurred at some time during the migraine attack12, 21,36. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0004-282X2003000500026&script=sci_arttext&t

46. Migraine Headaches retinal migraine temporary, partial or complete loss of vision in one eye, along with a dull ache behind the eye that may spread to the rest of the head. http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/2600/2611.asp?index=5005

47. From The Cleveland Clinic: Your Guide To Migraines retinal migraine. Temporary, partial or complete loss of vision in one eye, along with a dull ache behind the eye that may spread to the rest of the head. http://my.webmd.com/content/article/46/1826_50692.htm?z=1826_50669_6512_0000_00_

48. Symptoms Of Migraine - HolisticOnLine - Your Gateway To Alternative Medicine, Co but their occurrence in one eye only (retinal migraine) is also common. Migraine aura may also occur in the form of neurologic symptoms such as numbness http://www.holistic-online.com/Remedies/migraine/mig_symptoms.htm

Home Search Alternative Medicine Stress Management ... Media Migraine Headaches Signs And Symptoms of Migraine Two Categories of Migraine Migraine Without Aura (Common Migraine) Migraine With Aura (Classical Migraine) See Also: Phases Of Migraine A migraine is characterized by flashes of light that appear across the field of vision, problems with speech, numbness or dizziness. Migraine pains are typically intense and, at their worst; are debilitating, with weakness, nausea, sweating and vomiting. The senses are heightened and the slightest noise, light or movement unbearable. Usually, the pain is localized or especially intense on one side of the head or over one eye. The person may also suffer from irritability. He or she usually wants to be left alone and out of any direct light. About one in five migraine sufferers will experience an "aura" minutes before the onset of a headache. Women report seeing flashes of light and zigzag patterns and sometimes experiencing speech impairment, confusion and numbness in their faces and limbs. From beginning to end, migraine attacks may last for hours to days. In addition to the symptoms described, patients with migraine (with or without aura) may experience a prodrome, or symptoms which occur up to 48 hours before the actual migraine attack begins. Some patients, for example, may have food cravings, changes in mood, irritability, drowsiness, difficulty concentrating, nausea, diarrhea or excessive yawning.

49. FIRSTConsult - Sdfdsf retinal migraine. A rare cause of transient monocular blindness that is seen in some patients who suffer from migraine . http://www.firstconsult.com/?action=view_article&id=1014152&type=101&bref=1

50. EMedicine Health: Migraine Headaches This variant is sometimes called retinal migraine or ocular migraine. Abdominal migraine is the term used to describe periodic abdominal pain in children http://www.emedicinehealth.com/articles/35045-2.asp

Search September 9, 2005 Registration Healthcare Professionals You are in: Headache Causes and Treatments of Migraine and Related Headaches Migraine Headaches Migraine headaches affect 17% of females and 6% of males in the United States. Before puberty, boys and girls get migraines at about the same rate, although boys may get them slightly more often. In individuals older than 12 years, the frequency of migraines increases in both males and females. The frequency declines in individuals older than 40 years. In the United States, white women have the highest frequency of migraine, while Asian women have the lowest. The female-to-male ratio increases from 2.5:1 at puberty to 3.5:1 at age 40 years, after which it declines. The rate of migraine headaches in females of reproductive age has increased over the last 20 years. Migraine Headaches, Causes The causes of migraine headaches are not clearly understood. In the 1940s, it was proposed that a migraine begins with a spasm, or partial closing, of the arteries leading to the main part of the brain (called the cerebrum). The first spasm decreases blood supply to part of the brain, which causes the aura (lights, haze, zig-zag lines, or other symptoms) that some people experience. These same arteries then become too relaxed, which increases blood flow and causes pain. About 30 years later, the chemicals dopamine and serotonin were found to play a role in migraine headaches. (These chemicals are called neurotransmitters.) Dopamine and serotonin are normally found in the brain, but they can cause blood vessels to act in uncharacteristic ways if they are present in abnormal amounts or if the blood vessels are unusually sensitive to them.

51. UpToDate Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, And Diagnosis Of Migraine In Migraine variants (retinal migraine, ophthalmoplegic migraine, The prevalence of migraine is high, and migraine attacks occur in up to 17 percent of http://patients.uptodate.com/topic.asp?file=headache/4701

52. Sci.med.vision: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), Part 3/5 retinal migraine (ocular migraine) The patient is typically under 40 and The differentiation between retinal and ocular migraine is how much of the http://www.cs.uu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/vision-faq/part3.html

Note from archiver cs.uu.nl: This page is part of a big collection of Usenet postings, archived here for your convenience. For matters concerning the content of this page , please contact its author(s); use the source , if all else fails. For matters concerning the archive as a whole, please refer to the archive description or contact the archiver. Subject: sci.med.vision: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), Part 3/5 This article was archived around: 19 Feb 1997 08:31:55 +1100 All FAQs in Directory: vision-faq All FAQs posted in: sci.med.vision sci.med Source: Usenet Version Archive-name: vision-faq/part3 Posting-Frequency: monthly Version: $Id: faq-part3.txt,v 1.15 1996/03/13 00:40:28 grants Exp grants $ http://www.west.net/~eyecare URL: http://www.he.tdl.com/~dakryon/index.html ( pharmaceutical company that manufacturers dry eye products. Also includes pictures of dry eye) URL: http://www.w2.com/ss.html (Sjogrens Sydnrome Foundation) URL: http://www.he.tdl.com/~dakryon/dei.html http://www.west.net/~eyecare 4.5 Keratoconus - Keratoconus (conical cornea) is an recessive inherited condition usually apparent between the ages of 10-25yrs. Incidence of the condition is approximately 1 in 5,000. The condition manifests as a thinning of the corneal apex, or central area of the cornea. With the weakening of the tissue there is a bulging of the tissue which increases the myopia of the affected eye. Initial correction is via spectacles whereby reasonable vision can be attained. Subsequent treatment is via a rigid contact lens which will provide a new front surface to the optical system of the eye. There is more information about this condition from the CLEK study at

53. ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Neurological_Disor iMigraine A discussion about retinal migraine along with graphics. Internet Ophthalmology Patient Education Library - A brief discussion about ocular http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Neurologica

@import "/styles/navbar.css"; @import "/styles/tabStyles.css"; Set home page Bookmark site Add search Latest News ... Email to friend Text Size A A A Front Page ... Migraine : Retinal Subtopics See Also: Health: Conditions and Diseases: Neurological Disorders: Headaches: Migraine: Ophthalmoplegic Search Google: Retinal News Books Links ... Microscopic Brain Imaging In The Palm Of Your Hand (August 25, 2005) full story Scientists Focus On 'Dwarf Eye' Genetic Finding May Have Implications For Farsightedness And Nearsightedness, Too (August 24, 2005) full story Gene Therapy Works In Mice To Prevent Blindness That Strikes Boys (August 16, 2005) full story Radiation Helps Eye Cancer Patients Beat The Disease, Retain Vision (August 2, 2005) full story Studies Shed Light On Role Of Melanin In Preventing Macular Degeneration (July 29, 2005) full story New Compound May Decrease Vision Loss In Diabetes (July 18, 2005) full story Internet Program Launched To Prevent Blindness In Diabetic Patients (July 17, 2005) full story Retina Adapts To Seek The Unexpected, Ignore The Commonplace (July 10, 2005) full story [ More news about Retinal Amazon.com's Price:

54. Classification : Epilepsy.com/Professionals 1.4. retinal migraine. 1.5. Complications of migraine. 1.5.1. Chronic migraine. 1.5.2. Status migrainosus. 1.5.3. Persistent aura without infarction http://professionals.epilepsy.com/page/migraine_classify.html

Search epilepsy.com/professionals: WHO IS EPILEPSY.COM DONATE PROFESSIONAL FORUM CO-EXISTING DISORDERS ... RESOURCE LIBRARY Classification Co-Existing Disorders Classification Author: SD Silberstein and RB Lipton International Headache Society Migraine Classification Following is the IHS classification of migraine subtypes published in 2004: 1.2. Migraine with aura 1.2.1. Typical aura with migraine headache 1.2.2. Typical aura with non-migraine headache 1.2.3. Typical aura without headache 1.2.4. Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) 1.2.5. Sporadic hemiplegic migraine 1.2.6. Basilar-type migraine 1.3. Childhood periodic syndromes that are commonly precursors of migraine 1.3.1. Cyclical vomiting 1.3.2. Abdominal migraine Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood 1.4. Retinal migraine 1.5. Complications of migraine 1.5.1. Chronic migraine 1.5.2. Status migrainosus 1.5.3. Persistent aura without infarction 1.5.4. Migrainous infarction 1.5.5. Migraine-triggered seizure 1.6. Probable migraine 1.6.1. Probable migraine without aura 1.6.2. Probable migraine with aura 1.6.5.[sic] Probable chronic migraine

55. Unraveling The Mystery Of Migraine (felt around the eyes); retinal migraine; Childhood syndromes associated with migraine; Complications of migraine; Other migraine disorders http://www.drf.org/hearing_health/Archive/2004/fall04_migrainemystery.htm

Unraveling the Mystery of Migraine As printed in Hearing Health , volume 20:3, Fall 2004 Richard E. Gans, Ph.D., FAAA According to the American Academy of Neurology, nearly 28 million Americans suffer from migraine. The most disruptive effects of this neurological disorder are excruciating headache pain and/or other disorienting symptoms. Because these symptoms are often so overwhelming, migraine is estimated to cost the economy about $13 billion annually in lost productivity. Most people have heard the term migraine but even experts have some difficulty defining it. There is such variability across cases that providing an all-inclusive definition is challenging. The International Headache Society (IHS) provides a descriptive framework that defines migraine by specific characteristics. According to the IHS, the disorder displays: recurrent attacks; limited duration of each attack (from four to 72 hours); sensitivity to physical activity; and pain that has a unilateral location, a pulsating quality and intensity sufficient to interrupt daily activities. Associated symptoms include nausea, vomiting and hypersensitivity to light and sound.

56. Leaflets Menstrual Migraine Migraine with Aura Opthalmoplegic Migraine retinal migraine Sinus Headache Tension Type Headache Transformed Migraine. MIGRAINE TRIGGERS http://www.migraine.ie/leaflet.html

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58. HEALTHMEDNET ILLNESS DISEASE URL DIRECTORY retinal migraine. http//directory.ansme.com/health/168.html. retinal migraine. http//www.e88.com/health_conditions. retinal migraine (9) http://www.healthmednet.com/RET-ROS.htm

59. ICD-10: Block G40-G47 G43.2, Status migrainosus. G43.3, Complicated migraine. G43.8, Other migraine. Ophthalmoplegic migraine retinal migraine. G43.9, Migraine, unspecified http://www3.who.int/icd/vol1htm2003/gg40.htm

Chapter VI Diseases of the nervous system Episodic and paroxysmal disorders Epilepsy Excludes: Landau-Kleffner syndrome seizure (convulsive) NOS status epilepticus Todd's paralysis Localization-related (focal)(partial) idiopathic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes with seizures of localized onset Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal EEG spikes Childhood epilepsy with occipital EEG paroxysms Localization-related (focal)(partial) symptomatic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes with simple partial seizures Attacks without alteration of consciousness Simple partial seizures developing into secondarily generalized seizures Localization-related (focal)(partial) symptomatic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes with complex partial seizures Attacks with alteration of consciousness, often with automatisms Complex partial seizures developing into secondarily generalized seizures Generalized idiopathic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes Benign: Childhood absence epilepsy [pyknolepsy] Epilepsy with grand mal seizures on awakening Juvenile: Nonspecific epileptic seizures: Other generalized epilepsy and epileptic syndromes Epilepsy with: Infantile spasms Lennox-Gastaut syndrome Salaam attacks Symptomatic early myoclonic encephalopathy West's syndrome Special epileptic syndromes Epilepsia partialis continua [Kozhevnikof] Epileptic seizures related to: Use additional external cause code (Chapter XX), if desired, to identify drug, if drug-induced.

60. Basilar Artery Migraine Defined under the category of complicated migraine. They are retinal migraine, Ophthalmoplegic Migraine, Hemiplegic Migraine, and are not discussed here. http://neuro-www.mgh.harvard.edu/neurowebforum/HeadacheArticles/12.3.962.03PMBas

Basilar Artery Migraine Defined This article submitted by on 12/3/96. Author's Email: TLEngland@aol.com The following represents a personal interpretation of medical literature related to the nature of basilar migraine. The medical sources are cited at the end of this review. Be aware that because this is a personal interpretation by a layperson, the likelihood of error or misunderstanding in interpretation exists. In no way should any information provided herein be construed as medical advice. Always seek the advice of a physician for any information related to migraines. Basilar Migraine falls under the category of complicated and rare forms of migraine. Basilar Migraines are sometimes called Bickerstaff Syndrome, Vertebrobasilar Migraine, and Vertebro-vascular migraine. Aside from Basilar Migraine, several additional different types of migraines exist under the category of complicated migraine. They are Retinal Migraine, Ophthalmoplegic Migraine, Hemiplegic Migraine, and are not discussed here. Complicated migraines are migrainous infarctions (inadequate oxygenation of tissue) with neurologic or visual symptoms which continue past associated pain (if any at all) for at least 24 hours. They are a complicated phenomenon involving

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