101. JW Dermatology -- Sign In Mercury is a common element that can be toxic to humans in both its organic and inorganic forms. The organic form may be found in fish as alkyl mercury or http://dermatology.jwatch.org/cgi/content/full/2003/812/6

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102. Pink Snow Mold Factsheet Two diseases, Gray Snow Mold (Typhula Blight) and pink Snow Mold, are common in New York, and may occur singly or sideby-side. http://plantclinic.cornell.edu/FactSheets/pinksnowmold/pinksnowmold.htm

PINK SNOW MOLD ON TURFGRASS Microdochium nivale F A C T S H E E T Introduction Winter diseases of turfgrasses are often associated with melting snow or cold, wet periods. Bluegrasses ( Poa sp.), fescues ( Festuca sp.), and ryegrasses ( Lolium sp.) may be attacked, but bentgrasses ( Agrostis palustris ) are most susceptible. Two diseases, Gray Snow Mold (Typhula Blight) and Pink Snow Mold, are common in New York, and may occur singly or side-by-side. Since different fungicides may be used to control each of these diseases, it is necessary to distinguish between them. Symptoms The fungus that causes Pink Snow Mold produces roughly circular bleached patches up to 60 cm in diameter. Often the mycelium of the fungus is readily visible. In contrast to Gray Snow Mold, however, a pinkish cast to the symptomatic area might be observed under wet conditions. Moreover, no tan sclerotia are associated with the diseased plant tissue as seen in Gray Snow Mold. This disease can become severe when turf is subjected to prolong periods of cool, wet weather from early autumn to late spring, and does not require snow cover to develop. A severe infection by M. nivale

103. Red&pink Red thread and pink patch are common diseases of turfgrasses in Maryland, and are generally among the first diseases to appear in early spring. http://iaa.umd.edu/umturf/Diseases/redpink.html

RED THREAD AND PINK PATCH DISEASES OF TURFGRASSES Agronomy Mimeo 86 Revised February, 1989 INTRODUCTION Red thread and pink patch are common diseases of turfgrasses in Maryland, and are generally among the first diseases to appear in early spring. Development of these diseases is favored by cool (65-70 F), wet weather in the spring and fall. These diseases may also occur during warm or very cool to cold weather in the presence of plenty of surface moisture or at snow melt in February and March. They also occasionally occur during prolonged overcast and drizzling rainy weather in the summer. These diseases become widespread among turfgrass species during mild winters. Red thread is caused by the fungus Laetisaria fuciformis ; whereas, pink patch is caused by one of two species of the fungus Limonomyces. Red thread and pink patch have become more common and widespread in recent years and are now considered diseases of significant economic importance in the U.S. The recent and severe outbreaks of these diseases can be attributed to the more widespread use of perennial ryegrass. In the past, perennial ryegrass was not commonly used as a turf; however, the advent of the improved "turf-type" cultivars has led to their acceptance as a turfgrass species. Unfortunately, perennial ryegrass is perhaps the most susceptible turfgrass species to these diseases. Red thread and pink patch are also quite damaging to the fine leaf fescues, which are principally used in Maryland as minor components in Kentucky bluegrass mixtures. Bentgrasses may be badly damaged by these diseases during early spring at snow melt or in the presence of plenty of moisture under cool environmental conditions. Red thread and pink patch also attack Kentucky bluegrass, tall fescue and bermuadgrass, but seldom cause a significant level of injury to these species.

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