61. Megaloblastic (Pernicious) Anemia - Children's Hospital Boston What is megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia? Megaloblastic anemia, also calledpernicious anemia, is a type of anemia characterized by very large red blood http://www.childrenshospital.org/az/Site1287/mainpageS1287P0.html

or find by letter: A-F G-L M-R S-Z My Child Has... Home Megaloblastic (Pernicious) Anemia Megaloblastic (Pernicious) Anemia Programs that treat this condition or perform this procedure This Health Topic is not associated with any programs or procedures. What is megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia? Megaloblastic anemia, also called pernicious anemia, is a type of anemia characterized by very large red blood cells. In addition to the cells being large, the inner contents of each cell are not completely developed. This malformation causes the bone marrow to produce fewer cells, and sometimes the cells die earlier than the 120-day life expectancy. Instead of being round or disc-shaped, the red blood cells can be oval. What causes megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia? There are many causes of megaloblastic anemia, but the most common source in children occurs from a vitamin deficiency of folic acid. Other sources of megaloblastic anemia include the following: digestive diseases - Certain diseases of the lower digestive tract can lead to megaloblastic anemia. These include celiac disease, chronic infectious enteritis, and enteroenteric fistulas. malabsorption - Inherited congenital folate malabsorption, a genetic problem in which infants cannot absorb folic acid in their intestines, can lead to megaloblastic anemia. This requires early intensive treatment to prevent long term problems such as mental retardation.

62. Pernicious Anemia - Medco.com Research diseases and conditions or browse detailed drug information. Featuresinclude interactive tools and related news. http://www.medcohealth.com/medco/consumer/ehealth/ehskeywordsearch.jsp?topicID=P

63. MotherNature.com - Vitamin B12 Deficiency The result is pernicious anemia (PA). In the classical definition, The termpernicious anemia is sometimes used colloquially to refer to any anemia http://www.mothernature.com/Library/Ency/Index.cfm/Id/1287007

New customer? Sign Up Current customer? Log In Home Vitamins Minerals ... Learning Center Search Departments Vitamins Minerals Supplements Herbs More Ways to Shop Brands A-Z Health Concern Women's Health Men's Health ... Seniors Free Catalog MotherNature.com's Summer Catalog Is Here! Click Here to Get Your Free Copy Today. Newsletter Sign Up Weekly health news, sale announcements and coupons! Library Home Health Concerns > Vitamin B12 Deficiency VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY Introduction Checklist Symptoms Treatments ... References Visit The Healthy Living Bookshelf: 21 Online Health Books From Rodale View Our Related Product Sections: Vitamin B-1 (Thiamine) Vitamin B-12 (Cobalamin) Vitamin B12 Deficiency Vitamin B12 True PA is probably an autoimmune disease. The immune system destroys cells in the stomach that secrete intrinsic factor. Many people with PA have both chronic inflammation of the stomach lining, called atrophic gastritis, and antibodies that fight their intrinsic factor-secreting cells. The term pernicious anemia is sometimes used colloquially to refer to any anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 deficiency can be due to malabsorption of dietary B12 despite normal levels of intrinsic factor. For example

64. C-Health : Pernicious Anemia The blood that circulates throughout the body performs a number of criticalfunctions. It delivers oxygen, removes carbon dioxide, http://chealth.canoe.ca/condition_info_details.asp?disease_id=278&rot=4

65. Pernicious Anemia. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 pernicious anemia. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 200105. http://www.bartleby.com/65/x-/X-pernicio.html

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66. Pernicious Anemia pernicious anemia is one of many types of anemia, a disease marked by a In pernicious anemia, vitamin B12, which is necessary for red blood cells to http://www.britannica.com/nobel/micro/460_52.html

pernicious anemia, slow-developing disease in which the production of red blood cells is impaired as the result of a vitamin B deficiency. An absence of hydrochloric acid in gastric secretions (achlorhydria) is also characteristic of this condition. Pernicious anemia is one of many types of anemia, a disease marked by a reduction in red blood cells or in the oxygen-carrying substance hemoglobin found in those cells. Anemias are distinguished from one another by cause, symptoms, and cell characteristics. In pernicious anemia, vitamin B , which is necessary for red blood cells to mature properly in the bone marrow, is unavailable owing to a lack of intrinsic factor, a substance responsible for the intestinal absorption of the vitamin. In a healthy person, intrinsic factor is produced by the parietal cells of the stomach, the cells that also secrete hydrochloric acid. In the stomach, intrinsic factor forms a complex with vitamin B . This complex remains intact, preventing degradation of the vitamin by intestinal juices, until it reaches the ileum of the small intestine, where the vitamin is released and absorbed into the body. Pernicious anemia results either when intrinsic factor is prevented from binding with vitamin B or when the parietal cells are unable to produce intrinsic factor. This is believed to stem from an autoimmune reaction in which the body produces antibodies against intrinsic factor and against the parietal cells, destroying them.

67. Pernicious Anemia And Autoimmune Gastritis (from Immune System Disorder) --  En pernicious anemia and autoimmune gastritis (from immune system disorder) Perniciousanemia stems from a failure to absorb vitamin B sub 12 /sub (cobalamin) http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?tocId=215522

68. Nikon MicroscopyU: Human Pathology Digital Image Gallery - Pernicious Anemia pernicious anemia is a form of the disease that is associated with an inability The development of pernicious anemia is usually a gradual process that http://www.microscopyu.com/galleries/pathology/perniciousanemia.html

MicroscopyU Site Map Small World Contest Interactive Tutorials Basic Concepts ... MicroscopyU Home Human Pathology Digital Image Gallery Pernicious Anemia Anemia is a condition of the blood characterized by a deficiency of erythrocytes (also known as red blood cells), hemoglobin, or total volume. Nearly 100 different types of anemia with a wide array of underlying causes and symptoms have been described. Pernicious anemia is a form of the disease that is associated with an inability of the body to absorb vitamin B12. The name of the disease reflects the fact that it was often a fatal condition prior to the 1920s when the dietary nature of the condition was discovered and liver began to be utilized to treat it. The development of pernicious anemia is usually a gradual process that affects individuals 35 years of age or older. The disease may also begin in youth, but in such cases, usually appears before the age of 3. There appears to be a hereditary component involved in the development of pernicious anemia, an increased incidence for the disease being observed in some families. If pernicious anemia is left untreated, irreparable neurological problems may develop that may become apparent as unsteadiness when walking, a tingling or a numb feeling in the hands and feet, irritability, memory loss, or severe personality changes that are sometimes referred to as

69. Nikon MicroscopyU: Human Pathology Digital Image Gallery - Pernicious Anemia pernicious anemia typically develops gradually and the initial signs of thedisease, which may include weakness and fatigue, are vague. http://www.microscopyu.com/galleries/pathology/perniciousanemialarge1.html

Human Pathology Digital Image Gallery Pernicious Anemia Pernicious anemia typically develops gradually and the initial signs of the disease, which may include weakness and fatigue, are vague. Other symptoms of pernicious anemia typically only occur in more severe case, but may include pallor, shortness of breath, rapid heart rate, anorexia, tongue soreness and redness, bleeding gums, and weight loss. If the condition is left untreated, irreparable neurological problems may develop that may become apparent as unsteadiness when walking, a tingling or a numb feeling in the hands and feet, irritability, memory loss, or severe personality changes that are sometimes referred to as megaloblastic madness . Few individuals incur such serious effects from pernicious anemia in modern times, although they were seen as inevitable steps on the path towards disease-related death in earlier periods. Today, treatment for pernicious anemia involves periodic intramuscular injections of vitamin B12. This form of therapy is very successful and usually provides rapid relief. The injections must be continued throughout life, however, or symptoms of pernicious anemia will return. View a larger image of pernicious anemia.

70. Pernicious Anemia Vitamin Explore the effects of pernicious anemia and discover vitamin and supplementsthat can help prevent pernicious anemia. http://www.nutrasanus.com/pernicious-anemia.html

Pernicous Anemia Vitamin PERNICIOUS ANEMIA Pernicious Anemia (PA) is a deficiency anemia only to vitamin B12 and comes from a need of intrinsic factor. PA is most likely an autoimmune disease. Cells are destroyed by the immune system in the stomach that emits intrinsic factor. It is common to have both chronic swelling of the stomach lining (atrophic gastritis) and antibodies fighting intrinsic factor cells. PA is commonly referred to as any anemia with a deficiency in vitamin B12. This deficiency may be caused by malabsorption of dietary B12, even though normal levels of intrinsic factor are seen. Celiac disease and Crohn’s disease can cause B12 malabsorption that leads to anemia. Gastrointestinal surgery, intestinal parasites, and certain drugs are also common causes of B12 deficiency. Pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, and advanced stages of cancer can cause need for B12, which can lead to a state of deficiency. Initially, B12 supplements should be given as an injection by a qualified medical professional. When blood abnormalities are inverted, supplementation may then be given orally with vitamin B12 at 1,000 to 2000 mcg per day. People who lack intrinsic factor will normally only absorb 1% of this amount, which is enough to help with future vitamin B12 deficiencies. Some doctors will recommend continuing lifelong B12 injections, even though it may be unnecessary. Vitamin B12 supplementation may assist in preventing pernicious anemia.

71. National Cancer Institute - Dictionary Of Cancer Terms pernicious anemia (perNISH-us a-NEE-mee-a). A type of anemia (low red blood cellcount) caused by the body s inability to absorb vitamin B12. http://www.cancer.gov/Templates/db_alpha.aspx?CdrID=46235

72. Anemia, Pernicious pernicious anemia is invariably associated with atrophic gastritis and histaminefast Present in the rare form of pernicious anemia that is hereditary. http://www.5mcc.com/Assets/SUMMARY/TP0055.html

Anemia, pernicious DESCRIPTION: A disorder due to vitamin B12 deficiency. Pernicious anemia is invariably associated with atrophic gastritis and histamine-fast achlorhydria. Vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed in the terminal ileum without intrinsic factor (a secretion of the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa). Usual course - slowly progressive. System(s) affected: Hemic/Lymphatic/Immunologic, Gastrointestinal, Nervous Genetics: HLA-DR2; HLA-DR4. Present in the rare form of pernicious anemia that is hereditary. Endemic areas - northern Europe, including Scandinavia. Incidence/Prevalence in USA: Unknown Predominant age: Predominant sex: Male = Female CAUSES: Atrophic gastric mucosa Intrinsic factor deficiency Probable autoimmunity against gastric parietal cells Autoimmunity against intrinsic factor Synonyms: Addison's anemia Megaloblastic anemia due to B12 deficiency ICD-9-CM: 281.0 pernicious anemia 281.1 other vitamin B12 anemia SEE ALSO: Tropical sprue REFERENCES: Bennett JC, Plum F, eds. Cecil Textbook of Medicine. 20th Ed. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1996 Williams WJ, Beutler E, Erslev AJ, et al, eds. Hematology. 4th Ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1990

73. Welcome To Raley's And Bel Air The result is pernicious anemia (PA). In the classical definition, PA refers only to Oral cobalamin for pernicious anemia. Medicine’s best kept secret? http://www.raleys.com/cfapps/healthnotesra/healthnotes.cfm?org=raleys&ContentID=

74. Gastrointestinal Pathology Another association with gastritis is pernicious anemia. Chronic atrophic gastritisis associated with autoantibodies that block or bind intrinsic factor. http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/GIHTML/GI147.html

Another association with gastritis is pernicious anemia. Chronic atrophic gastritis is associated with autoantibodies that block or bind intrinsic factor. Another type of autoantibody demonstrated here is anti-parietal cell antibody. The bright green immunofluorescence is seen in the paritetal cells of the gastric mucosa.

75. William P. Murphy - Nobel Lecture Since the earliest use of liver in the treatment of pernicious anemia, however, Eleven have died from various causes other than pernicious anemia. http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/1934/murphy-lecture.html

HOME SITE HELP ABOUT SEARCH ... EDUCATIONAL Nobel Lecture, December 12, 1934 Pernicious Anemia During the twenty-year period following 1849, in which year Thomas Addison first described the diseased condition, which he designated as "idiopathic" anemia, reports of similar cases were published by such men as Barclay, Wilks, Bristowe, Lebert, Habershon, and others. Further interest was aroused, both on the Continent and in America, by Biermer's discussion of a group of patients with severe anemia of varying etiology, in a paper published in 1872. As a designation for these cases he suggested "progressive pernicious" anemia, a name which became more generally used than "idiopathic" anemia, suggested by Addison. Biermer also called attention to the frequency of retinal hemorrhages and the occurrence of fever in his cases. Even as early as 1878, Eichhorst published a 375-page monograph on Progressive Pernicious Anemia, and five years later Laache of Christiania published his monograph on anemia, which consisted of 256 printed pages together with many graphs and plates illustrating the blood changes. He described particularly the presence in the blood of large, deeply coloured corpuscles. Quincke had previously called attention to the variations in shape of the red blood corpuscles - the poikilocytosis. Even these early papers had presented the clinical picture of pernicious anemia essentially as we see it today. Various theories as to the etiology were discussed but perhaps the one of most interest, when viewed in the light of knowledge available since the era of liver therapy, is that presented in 1880 by Fenwick in his book

76. Pernicious Anemia - YourDictionary.com - American Heritage Dictionary Search Mamma.com for pernicious anemia . TYPE IN YOUR WORD CLICK GO! Search pernicious anemia n. A severe anemia most often affecting older adults, http://www.yourdictionary.com/ahd/p/p0202100.html

Search Mamma.com for "pernicious anemia" Search: Normal Definitions Short defs (Pronunciation Key) pernicious anemia n. A severe anemia most often affecting older adults, caused by failure of the stomach to absorb vitamin B and characterized by abnormally large red blood cells, gastrointestinal disturbances, and lesions of the spinal cord. Back to Search Back The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition

77. Vitamin B12 Deficiency Skip to. About; Checklist; Symptoms; Treatments; Dietary changes; Lifestyle changes;Supplements; References. Also indexed as pernicious anemia http://www.deliciouslivingmag.com/healthnotes/healthnotes.cfm?org=nh&lang=EN&Con

78. Pernicious Anemia - Health: Here Are Some Of Our Most Recent! pernicious anemia Health Great selection! Vitamin B12 - 1000mcg - SuperStrength - Yeast-Free; Vitamin B12 - 1000mcg - Super Strength - Yeast-Free; http://www.zooscape.com/cgi-bin/maitred/ZooRide/jornada25268228/partner10096710/

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79. History Of Pernicious Anemia History of pernicious anemia. How to Use These Slides This presentation has beenenhanced using RealAudio. To hear the audio track you will need to install http://medinfo.ufl.edu/other/histmed/streiff/

Return to History of Medicine Home Page History of Pernicious Anemia How to Use These Slides: This presentation has been enhanced using RealAudio. To hear the audio track you will need to install the RealPlayer available free from www.real.com . To start the program, click on the icon next to slide you wish to view. After a few moments the RealPlayer will begin the audio program at that point. You may also select any slide to view it without audio. Use the controls ( ) to move forward, backward, or return to this index. You may need to adjust the font size of your browser for optimal viewing. J.S. Combe Thomas Addison Austin Flint Flint Quote ... Survival Rate Author: Dick Streiff, M.D. Contact: Russell Fielding / rtfield@ufl.edu Version: Produced by the Office of Medical Informatics 2000 by the University of Florida Location: http://medinfo.ufl.edu/other/histmed/streiff/index.html Created: October 2, 2000 Modified: October 13, 2000

80. UCLA Department Of Medicine - Wfsection-Pernicious Anemia In A Young Adult UCLA Department of Medicine Homepage provides information of the UCLA MedicalCenter including Latest News, Proceedings of UCLA Healthcare, Useful Weblink, http://www.med.ucla.edu/modules/wfsection/article.php?articleid=70

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