21. Cancer Information On MedicineNet.com Terms Related to pernicious anemia. Addison Anemia. pernicious anemia Main Article pernicious anemia Related Doctor s Views Updates http://www.medicinenet.com/pernicious_anemia/

document.writeln(''); MedicineNet Home Cancer Home Page Search Tips What's Inside the Pernicious Anemia Health Center Pernicious Anemia Main Article 2 Medications related to Pernicious Anemia 2 Doctor's Views related to Pernicious Anemia 1 Health Features related to Pernicious Anemia ... Pernicious Anemia RSS feed Our Pernicious Anemia Main Article provides a comprehensive look at the who, what, when and how of Pernicious Anemia Cancer Newsletter Join the discussion on the Cancer Message Boards Cancer Coping e-Tools Pernicious Anemia related Doctor's Views Doctor: Getting the Most from Your Doctor’s Appointment How to Choose a Doctor Pernicious Anemia related Health Features Doctor: Checklist to Take To Your Doctor's Appointment Pernicious Anemia related Medications cyanocobalamin-injection, Cobal, Cyanoject, Cyomin, Vibal, Vitamin B-12 cyanocobalamin-nasal, Nascobal Terms related to Pernicious Anemia: Addison Anemia Medications MedTerms Medical Dictionary Home Help ... Cancer Home Page Allergies Alzheimer's Arthritis Asthma Blood Pressure Cancer Cholesterol Chronic Pain Crohn's Disease Depression Diabetes Dictionary Digestion Eyesight First Aid Healthy Kids Healthy Living Heart Hepatitis C HIV/AIDS Liver Lung Cond.

22. Alan Colburn's Web Site pernicious anemia, A Victory For Science. Anemia is a medical condition in which the blood is low in red blood cells or hemoglobin. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

23. Glossary Definition - Pernicious Anemia A definition of the term pernicious anemia . pernicious anemia is form ofanemia (low level of red blood cells) that is related to decreased body http://ibscrohns.about.com/library/glossary/bldef-perniciousanemia.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a61' About Irritable Bowel / Crohn's Disease Crohn's Disease Essentials ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Irritable Bowel / Crohn's Disease newsletter! See Online Courses Search Irritable Bowel / Crohn's Disease Pernicious Anemia (pur-NIH-shus uh-NEE-mee-uh) Back to Last Page Full Glossary Related Terms Anemia Definition: Anemia caused by a lack of vitamin B . The body needs B to make red blood cells. Common Misspellings: pernisious ahnemia, pernishious aneemia Elsewhere on the Web: Pernicious Anemia Pernicious anemia is form of anemia (low level of red blood cells) that is related to decreased body stores of vitamin B-12(cobalamin). Back to Last Page Full Glossary Recent Discussions Insurance plz help canker sores in mouth and throat? Subscribe to the Newsletter Name Email From Amber J. Tresca Your Guide to Irritable Bowel / Crohn's Disease FREE Newsletter.

24. Vitamin B-12 Familydoctor.org If you have a disease called pernicious anemia (say "pernish-us ah-nee-mee-ah"), it can destroy the cells in your stomach that help you http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

25. Introduction: Pernicious Anemia - WrongDiagnosis.com Introduction to pernicious anemia as a medical condition including symptoms,diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/p/pernicious_anemia/intro.htm

Home Symptoms Diseases Risks ... Diseases Search our medical database Subscribe to our free Newsletter sample Send this page to a friend Condition Lists By Organ By Symptom By Class By Prevalence ... List A-Z Current chapter: Pernicious anemia Next sections Basic Summary for Pernicious anemia Prevalence and Incidence of Pernicious anemia Causes of Pernicious anemia Symptoms of Pernicious anemia ... Diagnostic Tests for Pernicious anemia Next chapters: Myasthenia Gravis Neonatal myasthenia Primary biliary cirrhosis Mixed connective tissue disease ... Feedback Introduction: Pernicious anemia Pernicious anemia: Anemia from an underlying autoimmune digestive disorder. Researching symptoms of Pernicious anemia: Further information about the symptoms of Pernicious anemia is available including a list of symptoms of Pernicious anemia , other diseases that might have similar symptoms in differential diagnosis of Pernicious anemia , or alternatively return to research other symptoms in the symptom center Misdiagnosis and Pernicious anemia: Research more detailed information about misdiagnosis of Pernicious anemia underlying causes of Pernicious anemia (possibly misdiagnosed), or research

26. Symptom: Anemia - WrongDiagnosis.com Vitamin B12 Deficiency anemia, pernicious anemia; Vitamin E deficiency anemia. W. Wegener s granulomatosis Anemia http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/sym/anemia.htm

Home Symptoms Diseases Risks ... Symptoms Search our medical database Subscribe to our free Newsletter sample Send this page to a friend Condition Lists By Organ By Symptom By Class By Prevalence ... List A-Z Current chapter: Anemia Next sections Prevalence of Causes of Symptom: Anemia Next chapters: Aneurysm Angina Ankle pain Ankle swelling ... Feedback Symptom: Anemia Anemia: Reduced red blood cells in the blood Detailed cause information for symptom: Anemia: Medical conditions causing symptom: Anemia (60 conditions) Medical conditions causing complication: Anemia (39 conditions) Disease information: see also Anemia medical condition information Causes of Anemia (119 conditions) Medication Causes of Anemia (12 causes) Risk Factors for Anemia Medical articles on symptoms: These general medical articles may be of interest: Symptoms of the Silent Killer Diseases Symptoms and Medical Malpractice Medical mistakes and their rates causes and prevention Deaths and sudden death Symptoms: symptom center symptom list symptom descriptions all symptoms Conditions listing symptoms: Anemia: The following list of conditions have 'Anemia' or similar listed as a symptom in our database. This computer-generated list may be inaccurate or incomplete. Always seek prompt professional medical advice about the cause of any symptom.

27. Pernicious Anemia: An Explanation Feeling tired? One cause of fatigue is pernicious anemia. Luckily it can be easilytreated. http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/901225865.html

Search Articles: search tips Please Take the HealthLink Survey Email this article Print this article Find related articles: By topic: By keywords: Receive Health Link via email! Subscribe now >> Pernicious Anemia: An Explanation Q: I have been diagnosed as having pernicious anemia and have been getting a B-12 shot once a month for the past year. However, I don't feel any different; I am always very tired, which is very different for me. Can you explain to me just what it is and what causes it? Is there anything else I can do? A: Pernicious anemia (PA) results from inadequate vitamin B12, which is necessary for making healthy red blood cells. In classic pernicious anemia the person lacks "intrinsic factor," a substance made by the stomach which binds to the B12 in food and enables the B12 to be absorbed. A person can get PA from a hereditary deficiency of intrinsic factor, surgical removal of portions of the stomach, chronic inflammation of the stomach lining (atrophic gastritis), and rarely from lack of B12 in the diet (mainly found in meat and dairy products). After a year of B12 injections, your body stores should be more than adequate, so I suspect there is probably another reason to explain your fatigue other than pernicious anemia. Fatigue can be due to so many things that range from the trivial, such as this very hot, humid weather we've been having this summer, to the serious, such as cancer. If you don't "feel right," it's best to get checked out.

28. Pernicious Anemia And B12 Injections When I was finally diagnosed with having pernicious anemia (PA), I was 29 yearsold. My daughter also has PA It was diagnosed when she was 48. http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/880000064.html

Search Articles: search tips Please Take the HealthLink Survey Email this article Print this article Find related articles: By topic: By keywords: Receive Health Link via email! Subscribe now >> Pernicious Anemia and B12 Injections Q: I became anemic when my daughter was born in 1940. When I was finally diagnosed with having pernicious anemia (PA), I was 29 years old. My daughter also has P.A. It was diagnosed when she was 48. I have been on B12 many years - I am now almost 80. I receive monthly B12 injections, and would like to know if I still need these every month? My doctors don't check on the need as with other medication A: If you were diagnosed with PA at such a young age, chances are you need the B12 replacement now, at the age of 80, more than ever. In a survey of 548 older people, ages 67-96, about 20% had low levels of B12 on blood tests. Only half of those people were actually anemic, so they and their doctors were probably unaware of the B12 deficiency. Adequate B12 is important for other reasons than just prevention of anemia. The nervous system also utilizes B12, so a lack of B12 can result in numbness and tingling of the hands and feet, memory loss, disorientation, depression, and even personality change. Older people may have lower levels of B12 because they do not adequately absorb B12 from their food. Once malabsorption starts, the person will become deficient in one to two years. The best way to replace B12 is through injections. Pills are available but would not be absorbed any better than B12 in food unless given in fairly high doses. The usual dose is 1 mg per month given by injection. Ask your doctor to measure your blood level of B12. Most likely you will continue to require a monthly shot

29. Anemia The most common cause is a disease called pernicious anemia, in which the bodystops making a substance (called “intrinsic factor”) that is needed to absorb http://www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/conditions/anemia.html

TESTS Test not listed? A/G Ratio ACE ACT ACTH AFB Culture AFP Maternal AFP Tumor Marker Albumin Aldolase Aldosterone Allergies ALP Alpha-1 Antitrypsin ALT Ammonia Amylase ANA Antibody Tests Antiglobulin, Direct Antiglobulin, Indirect Antiphospholipids Antithrombin Apo A Apo B ApoE Genotyping aPTT AST Autoantibodies Bicarbonate Bilirubin Blood Culture Blood Gases Blood Smear BMP BNP Bone Markers BRCA BUN C-peptide CA-125 CA 15-3 CA 19-9 Calcitonin Calcium Cardiac Biomarkers Cardiac Risk Cardiolipin Antibodies Catecholamines CBC CCP C. diff CEA Celiac Disease Tests CF Gene Mutation Chemistry Panels Chlamydia Chloride Cholesterol CK CK-MB CMP CMV Coagulation Factors Complement Levels Cortisol Creatinine Creatinine Clearance CRP CRP, high-sensitivity

30. AllRefer Health - Pernicious Anemia (Congenital Pernicious Anemia, Juvenile Pern pernicious anemia (Congenital pernicious anemia, Juvenile pernicious anemia,Macrocytic Achylic Anemia, Vitamin B12 Deficiency (Malabsorption)) information http://health.allrefer.com/health/pernicious-anemia-info.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia Web health.allrefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Health Pernicious Anemia Pernicious Anemia Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis ... Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Congenital Pernicious Anemia, Juvenile Pernicious Anemia, Macrocytic Achylic Anemia, Vitamin B12 Deficiency (Malabsorption) Definition Anemia is a condition where red blood cells are not providing adequate oxygen to body tissues. There are many types and causes of anemia. (See the general article - anemia .) Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor, a substance needed to absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract. Vitamin B12, in turn, is necessary for the formation of red blood cells.

31. AllRefer Health - Pernicious Anemia Prevention (Congenital Pernicious Anemia, Ju pernicious anemia (Congenital pernicious anemia, Juvenile pernicious anemia,Macrocytic Achylic Anemia, Vitamin B12 Deficiency (Malabsorption)) information http://health.allrefer.com/health/pernicious-anemia-prevention.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia Web health.allrefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Health Pernicious Anemia : Prevention of Pernicious Anemia Pernicious Anemia Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis Complications Calling Your Health Care Provider ... Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Congenital Pernicious Anemia, Juvenile Pernicious Anemia, Macrocytic Achylic Anemia, Vitamin B12 Deficiency (Malabsorption) Pernicious Anemia Prevention This condition is not preventable, but with early detection and treatment pernicious anemia and its complications are readily controlled. Previous Top Next Jump to another section Definition Pernicious Anemia Prevention Pernicious Anemia Treatment Pernicious Anemia Prognosis Pernicious Anemia Complications Calling Your Health Care Provider Topics that might be of interest to you Addison's Disease Anemia Celiac Disease - Sprue Chronic Thyroiditis (Hashimoto's Disease) ... WBC Count Other Topics Appetite - Decreased Babinski's Reflex Balanced Diet Bleeding Gums ... Walking/Gait Abnormalities Review Date : 11/7/2002 Reviewed By : Ezra E. W. Cohen, M.D., Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

32. Case 3 A White Woman Of 61 Yrs Has Had Increasing Fatigue For 3 Family history of thyroid disease Family history of pernicious anemia Previous history of gastric surgery Family history of jaundice http://meds.queensu.ca/medicine/deptmed/hemonc/anemia/Quiz/case3.htm

Case 3 A white woman of 61 yrs has had increasing fatigue for 3 months, and tingling in her feet for 2 weeks. Blood Count (CBC) (M) *Figures in square brackets indicate normal values WBC x 10 /L Hb g/L MCV fl Platelets x 10 /L Neuts x 10 /L Lymphs x 10 /L Monos x 10 /L Eos x 10 /L Basos x 10 /L Blasts x 10 /L Promyleocytes x 10 /L Myelocytes x10 /L Metamyelocytes x 10 /L Nucleated RBC x 10 /L Film comment oval macrocytes++ hypersegmented neutrophils Clinical Data Weight loss Dietary history Alcohol intake Indigestion ... Family history of jaundice Investigations Reticulocytes LDH Mean red cell survival Serum iron ... Serum protein electrophoresis Quantitative IgG IgA IgM Return to table of contents...

33. Pa No family history of pernicious anemia. http://meds.queensu.ca/medicine/deptmed/hemonc/anemia/Quiz/clinical/pa.htm

No family history of pernicious anemia.

34. Pernicious Anemia CHC Wausau Hospital s Medical Library and Patient Education Center providesresearch services and healthcare information to physicians, http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00060440.html

Main Search Index Definition Description Causes ... Resources Pernicious anemia Definition Pernicious anemia is a disease in which the red blood cells are abnormally formed, due to an inability to absorb vitamin B . True pernicious anemia refers specifically to a disorder of atrophied parietal cells leading to absent intrinsic factor, resulting in an inability to absorb B Description Vitamin B , or cobalamin, plays an important role in the development of red blood cells. It is found in significant quantities in liver, meats, milk and milk products, and legumes. During the course of the digestion of foods containing B , the B becomes attached to a substance called intrinsic factor. Intrinsic factor is produced by parietal cells which line the stomach. The B -intrinsic factor complex then enters the intestine, where the vitamin is absorbed into the bloodstream. In fact, B can only be absorbed when it is attached to intrinsic factor. In pernicious anemia, the parietal cells stop producing intrinsic factor. The intestine is then completely unable to absorb B . So, the vitamin passes out of the body as waste. Although the body has significant amounts of stored B

35. What Is Pernicious Anemia? pernicious anemia, a potentially fatal nutritional deficiency, is easily treatedby regular intramuscular injections of vitamin B12. http://akak.essortment.com/whatispernicio_rtxl.htm

What is pernicious anemia? Pernicious anemia, a potentially fatal nutritional deficiency, is easily treated by regular intramuscular injections of vitamin B-12. Pernicious anemia is a potentially fatal nutritional deficiency cause by the body's inability to absorb vitamin B-12, which is essential to the body's production of red blood cells. Pernicious anemia is caused by the absence of intrinsic factor, a substance secreted by the stomach. Intrinsic factor facilitates the absorption of vitamin B-12. A blood test can confirm a diagnosis of pernicious anemia, by revealing the presence of megaloblasts in the blood. A megaloblast is a large erythroblast, and an erythroblast is the first identifiable stage in the development of a red blood cell. In pernicious anemia, the number of red blood cells decreases, but their size and hemoglobin content increases. Because the body stores B-12 very efficiently, it takes years for pernicious anemia to develop and for symptoms to begin to show. What are the symptoms of pernicious anemia?

36. Dr. Koop - Pernicious Anemia Macrocytic achylic anemia; Congenital pernicious anemia; In addition topernicious anemia, other causes of vitamin B12 Deficiency include http://www.drkoop.com/ency/93/000569.html

Home Health Reference Pernicious anemia Jul 29, 2005 Search: Dr.Koop MEDLINE Diseases Symptoms Procedures Natural Medicine ... Drug Library Inside DrKoop News Archive Animations Health Videos Health Tools ... Newsletters Pernicious anemia Injury Disease Nutrition Poison ... Prevention Pernicious anemia Definition: Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor, a substance needed to absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract. Vitamin B12, in turn, is necessary for the formation of red blood cells. Anemia is a condition where red blood cells are not providing adequate oxygen to body tissues. There are many types and causes of anemia. (See the general article - anemia Pernicious anemia is a type of megaloblastic anemia Alternative Names: Macrocytic achylic anemia; Congenital pernicious anemia; Juvenile pernicious anemia; Vitamin B12 deficiency (malabsorption) Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Intrinsic factor is a protein the body uses to absorb vitamin B12. When gastric secretions do not have enough intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 is not adequately absorbed, resulting in pernicious anemia and other problems related to low levels of vitamin B12. Because vitamin B12 is needed by nerve cells and blood cells for them to function properly, deficiency can cause a wide variety of symptoms, including fatigue, shortness of breath, tingling sensations, difficulty walking, and diarrhea.

37. Dr. Koop - Pernicious Anemia Macrocytic achylic anemia; Congenital pernicious anemia; Juvenile pernicious anemia; The following symptoms may indicate pernicious anemia http://www.drkoop.com/ency/93/000569sym.html

Home Health Reference Pernicious anemia Jul 29, 2005 Search: Dr.Koop MEDLINE Diseases Symptoms Procedures Natural Medicine ... Drug Library Inside DrKoop News Archive Animations Health Videos Health Tools ... Newsletters Pernicious anemia Injury Disease Nutrition Poison ... Prevention Pernicious anemia Alternative Names: Macrocytic achylic anemia; Congenital pernicious anemia; Juvenile pernicious anemia; Vitamin B12 deficiency (malabsorption) Symptoms: Many cells in our body need vitamin B12, including nerve cells and blood cells. Inadequate vitamin B12 gradually affects sensory and motor nerves, causing neurological problems to develop over time. It is important to know that the neurological effects of vitamin B12 deficiency may be seen before anemia is diagnosed. The anemia also affects the gastrointestinal system and the cardiovascular system. The following symptoms may indicate pernicious anemia: shortness of breath fatigue pallor rapid heart rate ... tingling and numbness of hands and feet sore mouth unsteady gait , especially in the dark tongue problems smell, impaired

38. RxMed: Illness Information - ANAPHYLAXIS The symptoms of pernicious anemia develop slowly and gradually and may not be Since most people with pernicious anemia do not absorb vitamin B12 when http://www.rxmed.com/b.main/b1.illness/b1.1.illnesses/anemia,_pernicious.html

General Illness Information Common Name: ANEMIA, PERNICIOUS Medical Term: None Specified Description: This anemia is caused by lack of vitamin B-12 (cobalamin). It is a megaloblastic anemia . In this type of anemia the bone marrow produces large abnormal blood cells (megaloblasts). It often affects adults between the ages of 50 and 60. The symptoms of pernicious anemia develop slowly and gradually and may not be immediately recognized . This is because the liver stores large amounts of vitamin B12 and so the anemia does not develop for 2 to 4 years after the body stops absorbing vitamin B12. Vitamin B-12 is found in foods of animal origin, such as meat, fish, dairy products and legumes.. Causes: Prevention: See diagnosis and treatment below. Weakness and tiredness Bleeding gums Nausea, appetite loss and weight loss Sore tongue Numbness and tingling in the hands and feet Difficulty maintaining balance Yellowish tinge to eyes and skin Shortness of breath Poor memory Headache Depression Confusion and dementia Risk Factors Improper diet, especially a vegetarian diet lacking vitamin B-12 and without supplements

39. Pernicious Anemia pernicious anemia is a disease that results from the lack of a substance (intrinsicfactor) that is http://my.webmd.com/hw/health_guide_atoz/stp1334.asp

var guid_source = ""; var guid_source_id = ""; //unused var encodedurl = ""; WebMD Today Home WebMD News Center XML News via RSS Member Services WebMD University My WebMD Find a Physician Medical Info Check Symptoms Medical Library Health Tools Clinical Trials ... Women, Men, Lifestyle Who We Are About WebMD Site Map You are in Medical Library Our Content Sources Ask A Question Clinical Trials Health Guide A-Z Health Topics Symptoms Medical Tests Medications ... Support Organizations Pernicious anemia Pernicious anemia is a blood disease caused by the lack of a substance (intrinsic factor) that the body needs in order to absorb vitamin B from food. Without enough vitamin B , the body does not produce enough red blood cells, and cells throughout the body do not get the oxygen they need. In pernicious anemia, the body produces antibodies that either destroy the parietal cells (cells in the stomach that make intrinsic factor) or that block the action of intrinsic factor. A doctor can diagnose this disease by doing a blood test that looks for these antibodies. Symptoms include weakness, numbness in the hands and feet, loss of appetite, weight loss, and fever. Pernicious anemia can damage the nerve cells in the brain and spinal column.

40. Anemia, Pernicious pernicious anemia is a rare blood disorder characterized by the inability of thebody to properly utilize http://my.webmd.com/hw/anemia/nord79.asp

var guid_source = ""; var guid_source_id = ""; //unused var encodedurl = ""; WebMD Today Home WebMD News Center XML News via RSS Member Services WebMD University My WebMD Find a Physician Medical Info Check Symptoms Medical Library Health Tools Clinical Trials ... Women, Men, Lifestyle Who We Are About WebMD Site Map Health Topics Symptoms ... For a Complete Report Anemia, Pernicious Important It is possible that the main title of the report Anemia, Pernicious is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and disorder subdivision(s) covered by this report. Synonyms Addison's Anemia Addison-Biermer Anemia Addisonian Pernicious Anemia Primary Anemia Disorder Subdivisions Congenital Pernicious Anemia due to Defect of Intrinsic Factor Gastric Intrinsic Factor, Failure of Secretion Enterocyte Cobalamin Malabsorption Enterocyte Intrinsic Factor Receptor, Defect of Adult Onset Pernicious Anemia Juvenile Intestinal Malabsorption of Vit B12 General Discussion Pernicious Anemia is a rare blood disorder characterized by the inability of the body to properly utilize vitamin B12 (a cobalamin), which is essential for the development of red blood cells. The symptoms of Pernicious Anemia may include weakness, fatigue, an upset stomach, an abnormally rapid heartbeat (tachycardia), and/or chest pains. Recurring episodes of anemia (megaloblastic) and an abnormal yellow coloration of the skin (jaundice) are also common. Pernicious Anemia is thought to be an autoimmune disorder, and certain people may have a genetic predisposition to this disorder.

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