1. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Pernicious Anemia Looks at pernicious anemia, its causes, incidence and risk factors. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000569.htm

@import url(/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Pernicious anemia Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Megaloblastic anemia - view of red blood cells Alternative names Return to top Macrocytic achylic anemia; Congenital pernicious anemia; Juvenile pernicious anemia; Vitamin B12 deficiency (malabsorption) Definition Return to top Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor, a substance needed to absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract. Vitamin B12, in turn, is necessary for the formation of red blood cells. Anemia is a condition where red blood cells are not providing adequate oxygen to body tissues. There are many types and causes of anemia. (See the general article - anemia Pernicious anemia is a type of megaloblastic anemia Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Intrinsic factor is a protein the body uses to absorb vitamin B12. When gastric secretions do not have enough intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 is not adequately absorbed, resulting in pernicious anemia and other problems related to low levels of vitamin B12. Because vitamin B12 is needed by nerve cells and blood cells for them to function properly, deficiency can cause a wide variety of symptoms, including fatigue, shortness of breath, tingling sensations, difficulty walking, and diarrhea.

2. Megaloblastic (Pernicious) Anemia -Blood Diseases & Disorders A definition of pernicious anemia, the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatmentare discussed. http://www.umm.edu/blood/aneper.htm

var MenuLinkedBy='AllWebMenus [2]', awmBN='530'; awmAltUrl=''; Donations / Banking Blood Diseases Blood Disorders... Anemias... ... Site Map Related Resources Within UMM Hematology Pediatric Oncology Translate using Google to Spanish German French Italian Portuguese Blood Diseases Megaloblastic (Pernicious) Anemia What is megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia? Megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia is a rare disorder in which the body does not absorb enough vitamin B12 from the digestive tract, resulting in an inadequate amount of red blood cells (RBCs) produced. What causes megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia? Megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia is more common in individuals of northern European descent. Megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia results from a lack of intrinsic factor in gastric secretions (a substance needed to absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract). Vitamin B12 deficiency results. The inability to make intrinsic factor may be the result of chronic gastritis, or the result of a gastrectomy (removal of all or part of the stomach). Megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia may also be associated with type 1 diabetes, thyroid disease, and a family history of the disease. What are the symptoms of megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia?

3. InteliHealth: Pernicious Anemia Details about this disorder, what it is, the symptoms, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, prognosis and when to call a doctor. http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSCHN000/9339/20862.html

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4. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Pernicious Anemia Looks at pernicious anemia, its causes, incidence and risk factors. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. EMedicine - Pernicious Anemia : Article By Marcel E Conrad, MD pernicious anemia pernicious anemia is a chronic illness caused by impairedabsorption of vitamin B-12 because of a lack of intrinsic factor (IF) in http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic1799.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Medicine, Ob/Gyn, Psychiatry, and Surgery Hematology Pernicious Anemia Last Updated: January 7, 2005 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: vitamin B-12 deficiency cobalamin deficiency Cbl deficiency addisonian anemia , Biermer anemia, Hunter-Addison anemia, Lederer anemia, Biermer-Ehrlich anemia, Addison-Biermer disease, macrocytic achylic anemia, malignant anemia, cobalamine deficiency , adenosylcobalamin, methylcobalamin , intrinsic factor, IF, macrocytic anemia neurological complications severe gastric atrophy achlorhydria , gastrectomy, gastric stapling, bypass procedures for obesity , extensive infiltrative disease of the gastric mucosa, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome tropical sprue , regional enteritis, ulcerative colitis ileal lymphoma Imerslünd-Grasbeck syndrome chronic pancreatitis , sore tongue, smooth tongue with loss of papillae, paresthesias, megaloblastic madness tapeworm infestation Diphyllobothrium latum , congenital pernicious anemia, hereditary transcobalamin I deficiency, megaloblastic anemia homocystinuria homocystinemia AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Marcel E Conrad, MD

6. Cynspage This page is links to various websites I created on a variety of auto immune conditions from Asthma to Lupus, to pernicious anemia. http://www.geocities.com/queen_nefertitti/Cyndylinks.html

Cynthia's MEDICAL LINKS In Honor of: Dr. Mark Cruciani, MD and In Memory of John Delehanty, M.D. Welcome to Cynthia's Wacky Informative Medical Website. Click on the Links below and away you go! Alcoholism Asthma AutoImmune Hepatitis DIABETES ... Sjogren's Syndrome Please take a few minutes to do my survey on medical treatment. It would greatly help me with my research! Click on the Link below and away you go! MY SURVEY TheCometCursor('ambulance',0);

7. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Anemia Immune hemolytic anemia. Immune hemolytic anemia drug-induced Megaloblastic anemia. pernicious anemia. Secondary aplastic anemia. Sickle http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. InteliHealth: Pernicious Anemia InteliHealth Featuring Harvard Medical School s consumer health information.For more than 550 diseases and conditions, learn What Is It?, Symptoms, http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9339/20862.html

chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_home_mo_1','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_home-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_comm_mo_2','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_comm-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_dental_mo_3','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_dental-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_drug_mo_4','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_drug-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_askexpert_mo_5','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_askexpert-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_medical_mo_6','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_medical-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_chats_mo_7','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_chats-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifchr_mid_but_news_mo_8','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/c/chr_mid_but_news-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_privacy_mo_9','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_privacy-o.gif'); Advertisement Vitamin B12 Deficiency What Is It? Symptoms Diagnosis Expected Duration ... Additional Info What Is It? Vitamin B12 is needed to produce an adequate amount of healthy red blood cells in the bone marrow. Vitamin B12 is available only in animal foods (meat and dairy products) or yeast extracts (such as brewer's yeast). Vitamin B12 deficiency is defined by low levels of stored B12 in the body that can result in anemia, a lower-than-normal number of red blood cells.

9. Perncious An indepth overview of pernicious anemia and links to other informative sites. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Acropolis/6338/pernicious.html

DRACULA'S Campaign Against Pernicious Anemia WELCOME TO ANOTHER WACKY MEDICAL WEBSITE created by Cynthia Donlan. If you have any questions or just need someone to talk to who understands what you are going through don't hesitate to E-mail me! I don't bite. Also check out my homepage by clicking on the link below. Finally,At the Medical Website I developed, I have information on various other Autoimmune diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Sjogren's Syndrome, Myasthenia Gravis, Diabetes and many many more. Just click on the back button below!!! GOOD EVENING! Hello I am Count Dracula. I have been known for a long time to have an affinity for blood so I have gone to medical school to become a Hematologist. As part of my training we were taught about the various types of anemia. Those conditions both sickened and frightened me. What is a vampire to do if they lose their food source? I need healthy blood from healthy people so that I don't become deficient. This WebPage is brought to you by Blood Brothers, a fraternal order of Transylvanian Vampire Physicians. We hope you find this informative! Stay Healthy and try to be O+ about life! WHAT IS PERNICOUS ANEMIA?

10. Megaloblastic (Pernicious) Anemia -Blood Diseases Disorders A definition of pernicious anemia, the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment are discussed. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. Pernicious Anemia pernicious anemia Overview pernicious anemia (PA) is the most common cause of vitamin B 12 deficiency. B 12 http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. ► Pernicious Anemia A medical encycopedia article on the topic pernicious anemia. http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/000569.htm

var MenuLinkedBy='AllWebMenus [2]', awmBN='530'; awmAltUrl=''; Disease Nutrition Surgery Symptoms Injury ... Z Maryland Medical Center Programs UM Hospital for Children Home Medical Reference Encyclopedia (English) Toggle English Spanish Pernicious anemia Overview Symptoms Treatment Prevention Definition: A form of anemia caused by a lack of intrinsic factor , a substance needed to absorb Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) from the gastrointestinal tract. Alternative Names: Macrocytic achylic anemia; Congenital pernicious anemia; Juvenile pernicious anemia; Vitamin B12 deficiency (malabsorption) Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Intrinsic factor is a binding protein required for the absorption of Vitamin B12. Pernicious anemia results from a lack of intrinsic factor in gastric secretions which, in turn, causes inadequate Vitamin B12 absorption. Vitamin B12 deficiency results. Vitamin B12 deficiency causes a form of anemia specifically referred to as megaloblastic anemia Other causes of reductions in the level of intrinsic factor (and thus of pernicious anemia) include atrophic gastric mucosa, autoimmunity against gastric parietal cells, and autoimmunity against intrinsic factor. Absence of intrinsic factor itself is the most common cause of Vitamin B12 deficiency. Intrinsic factor is produced by cells within the stomach. In adults, the inability to make intrinsic factor can be the result of chronic gastritis or the result of gastrectomy. The onset of the disease is slow and may span decades.

13. Pernicious Anemia - Cancer Information On MedicineNet.com An article about pernicious anemia with a full explanation of what it is, some history and treatment. http://www.aboutdigestion.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=1966

14. Pernicious.Anemia An indepth overview of pernicious anemia and links to other informative sites. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. Pernicious Anemia pernicious anemia is caused by an inability to absorb vitamin B12 (cobalamin)that is naturally found Laboratory tests for pernicious anemia may include http://www.animatedmedical.com/Pernanem/pernanem.html

Home Educational Topics Pernicious Anemia Pernicious anemia is caused by an inability to absorb vitamin B12 (cobalamin) that is naturally found in certain foods. These foods are all of animal origin and include meat, milk and dairy products, and eggs. Vitamin B12 is not found in plants. Although bacteria in the large intestine produce vitamin B12, it is not absorbed into the blood stream from this site. Most people need only 2 micrograms of vitamin B12 daily but the average diet provides about 5 to 30 micrograms a day. When it is ingested, vitamin B12 needs to be chemically linked to a substance called intrinsic factor, which is produced in the stomach. In the animation on the right , vitamin B12 is shown in pink and the intrinsic factor is shown in blue. They combine in the stomach and pass into the small intestine where the intrinsic factor helps the vitamin B12 get absorbed into the circulation. Through the circulation, the vitamin is transported to the liver where it is stored, being released back into the circulation as needed. Without intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 is not absorbed and pernicious anemia occurs. Other causes of vitamin B12 deficiency produce the same symptoms as pernicious anemia. Diseases of the small intestine that cause malabsorption may cause vitamin B12 deficiency. Vegans (individuals who consume absolutely no foods of animal origin) are at risk of vitamin B12 deficiency due insufficiency of this vitamin in their diet. But it takes a long time to deplete all the vitamin B12 that is stored in the liver. Even if the absorption of vitamin B12 is suddenly cut off (for example, as in gastrectomy, surgical removal of the stomach), there is enough vitamin B12 stored in the liver to last for one to five years.

16. Vegetarians, Older Folk Advised To Get Enough B12 pernicious anemia, explained Dr. Anthony L. Komaroff, a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston. People with pernicious http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

17. Vitamin B12 Deficiency / Pernicious Anemia: Patient Information: Arizona Telemed Vitamin B12 deficiency is usually caused by pernicious anemia, a condition inwhich the digestive system is altered and cannot absorb vitamin B12. http://www.telemedicine.arizona.edu/patient_info/benign_disorders/disorders/vita

Patient Information Resource: Benign Hematologic (Blood) Disorders A collaborative project of the Arizona Telemedicine Program , the Arizona Health Sciences Library and the Arizona Cancer Center See: Vitamin B Deficiency: Pernicious Anemia Vitamin B deficiency results in anemia, an RBC deficiency limiting the amount of oxygen in the tissues. Vitamin B deficiency is usually caused by pernicious anemia, a condition in which the digestive system is altered and cannot absorb vitamin B systemic lupus erythematosus , myxedema), or drug action. Among the drugs that may inhibit absorption are histamine blockers, such as cimetidine (Tagamet) and ranitidine (Zantac). Multiple symptoms result from malabsorption of vitamin B . Anemia, mentioned above, is associated with weakness, pallor, elevated heart rate, and elevated breathing rate (see Anemia ). In addition, the patient may be especially prone to infection and may bruise or bleed easily (see Neutropenia and Thrombocytopenia ). Other symptoms include sore tongue, numbness, and tingling.

18. EMedicine - Pernicious Anemia Article By Marcel E Conrad, MD pernicious anemia pernicious anemia is a chronic illness caused by impaired absorption of vitamin B-12 because of a lack of intrinsic factor (IF) http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

19. Pernicious Anemia - Cancer Information On MedicineNet.com Information on many different cancers includes symptoms, cancer detection andprevention, and treatment options. http://www.medicinenet.com/pernicious_anemia/article.htm

document.writeln(''); MedicineNet Home Cancer Home Page > Pernicious Anemia Search Tips Printer-Friendly Format FREE Newsletters Email to a Friend ... Next Pernicious Anemia Pernicious anemia is a blood disorder caused by a lack of vitamin B12. Patients who have this disorder do not produce a protein (intrinsic factor) in the stomach that allows the body to absorb vitamin B12. Pernicious anemia is characterized by the presence in the blood of large, immature, nucleated cells (megaloblasts) that are forerunners of red blood cells. (Red blood cells, when mature, have no nucleus). Pernicious anemia is therefore one of the types of megaloblastic anemia. Doctors diagnose pernicious anemia when a patient with a low red blood cell count has large red blood cells and white blood cells with large, multi-lobed nuclei. The patient often has antibodies in the blood called intrinsic factor and parietal cell antibodies. A test that measures that lack of absorption of B12 (Schillings test) can be used to support the diagnosis. Nowadays, pernicious anemia is not so pernicious. Pernicious anemia is simply treated with vitamin B12. The vitamin B12 has to be administered by injection because people with pernicious anemia do not have adequate protein intrinsic factor (or an effective form of intrinsic factor) and so cannot absorb vitamin B12 taken by mouth.

20. Anemia, Evaluation Of - Hematology - MedStudents Achlorhydria pernicious anemia. Normocytic, normochromic normal Low Serum folate Folic acid deficiency http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

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