1. Cardiovascular Institute And Center For Cardiovascular Health - Mount Sinai Scho pericarditis is the name given to a variety of diseases, pericarditis may be acute or chronic. It may be completely cured or may recur. http://www.mssm.edu/cvi/pericarditis.shtml

Pericarditis Back to Diseases and Conditions he pericardium is a sac of tough fibrous tissue that envelops the heart and the roots of the blood vessels which enter and leave the heart. The small amount of lubricating fluid (approximately 30 ml) contained in the sac and the sac's incomplete attachment to the heart allow the heart to move within it. Pericarditis is the name given to a variety of diseases, all of which have the major characteristics of inflammation of the pericardium and an increase in volume of the pericardial fluid. Pericarditis may be acute or chronic. It may be completely cured or may recur. Pericarditis is a progressive disease which can be life-threatening if not treated in a timely manner. Most people do not have any symptoms or merely have the symptoms of an underlying disease. If you have pericarditis, you may experience chest pain. The pain may come on suddenly. What causes pericarditis? What is acute pericarditis? What is chronic pericarditis? What is constrictive pericarditis? ... How is pericarditis treated? What causes pericarditis? Usually, pericarditis is the consequence of another disease, often an infection. The infection may be bacterial, viral, or occasionally, fungal. Some other diseases which cause pericarditis are: kidney failure, tuberculosis, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic fever, lupus, and scleroderma.

2. Pericardium And Pericarditis Gives an explanation for both pericardium and pericarditis. Brief discussion on who gets it, the causes and treatment. http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4683

3. Constrictive Pericarditis MEDSTUDENTS-CARDIOLOGY A review of the basic and clinical characteristics of constrictive pericarditis. Including analysis of surgical treatment and long term outcome. http://www.medstudents.com.br/cardio/cardio6.htm

Cardiology Eduardo Benchimol Saad, MD Medstudents' Homepage Constrictive Pericarditis The pericardium is a two-layered sac that encircles the heart, the inner serosal layer ( visceral pericardium ) adhering to the outer wall of the heart and being reflected back upon itself, at the level of the great vessels, to join the though fibrous outer layer ( parietal pericardium ). A thin film of fluid ( about 50 ml )slightly separates the two layers and decreases friction between them. The pericardium appears to serve three functions : it fixes the heart within the mediastinum and limits its motion; it prevents extreme dilatation of the heart during sudden rises of intracardiac volume; and it may function as a barrier to limit the spread of infection from the adjacent lungs. However, patients with complete absence of the pericardium ( either congenital or surgically removed ) generally do fine without it, casting doubt on its actual physiologic importance. Constrictive Pericarditis is present when a fibrotic, thickened, and adherent pericardium restricts diastolic filling of the heart. It usually begins with an initial episode of acute pericarditis, which may not be detected clinically. This then slowly progresses to a subacute stage of organization and resorption of effusion, follwed by a chronic stage consisting of fibrous scarring and thickening of the pericardium with obliteration of the pericardial space, producing uniform restriction of the filling of all heart chambers. In this stage, calcium deposition may contribute to stiffening of the pericardium. The possible etiologies of constrictive pericarditis are shown in

4. Pericarditis - CardiologyChannel pericarditis is an inflammation of the pericardium. It can cause chest pain which increases with breathing and movement. Fluid build up between the heart http://www.cardiologychannel.com/pericarditis/

Home Search SiteMap Ask the Dr. ... Medical Store PERICARDITIS Overview Causes Symptoms Diagnosis ... Treatment CONDITIONS Angina Aortic Stenosis Atrial Fibrillation Chest Pain ... Congestive Heart Failure Endocarditis Heart Attack High Cholesterol Hypertension ... Stroke DIAGNOSTIC TESTS Blood Pressure Cardiac Catheterization Electrocardiogram Imaging Tests Physical Exam Stress Tests TREATMENTS Coronary Angioplasty Pacemaker RESOURCES Anatomy Cardiology Forum Clinical Trials Glossary ... What Is a Cardiologist? FOR DOCTORS ONLY Website Services Get Listed in MDLocator CME ABOUT US Healthcommunities.com Testimonials Overview The pericardium is a thin layer of specialized tissue that covers the outer surfaces of the heart. This tissue helps to anchor the heart in place, prevents excessive movement of the heart in the chest when body position changes, protects the heart from infections and tumors that develop in and may spread from adjacent tissues, and may help keep the heart from enlarging. Inflammation of the pericardium is called pericarditis . Pericarditis frequently causes a characteristic chest pain that usually compels one to seek medical attention. Causes There are many causes of pericarditis, including infection, kidney failure, metastatic disease, some medications, and radiation therapy. Recent viral infection often precedes pericarditis in young, otherwise healthy patients. In

5. EMedicine - Pericarditis And Cardiac Tamponade : Article By Verena T Valley, MD Thorough explanation of the clinical diagnosis and management of pericarditis. http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic412.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Emergency Medicine Cardiovascular Pericarditis and Cardiac Tamponade Last Updated: April 29, 2005 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: pericardium pericardial complex acute pericardial tamponade pericardial effusion ... malignancy , tuberculous pericarditis, precordial chest pain, retrosternal chest pain, end-stage renal disease, ESRD, traumatic tamponade , decompressing tamponade, pericardial friction rub premature atrial contractions premature ventricular contractions cardiac arrhythmias , tachypnea, dyspnea, myocarditis Ewart sign , hepatomegaly, ascites Beck triad , jugular venous distention, hypotension, muffled heart sounds, pulsus paradoxus cyanosis , serous pericarditis, rheumatoid arthritis RA systemic lupus erythematosus SLE , fibrous pericarditis, serofibrinous pericarditis, acute myocardial infarction AMI Dressler syndrome uremia , radiation, suppurative pericarditis purulent pericarditis , cardiotomy, constrictive pericarditis hemorrhagic pericarditis bleeding diathesis caseous pericarditis , adhesive mediastinopericarditis, concretio cordis, malignant pericarditis penetrating cardiac injuries hemopericardium pericardial hematoma, pacemaker insertion

6. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 16, Ch. 209, Pericardial Disease The Merck Manual discusses both acute and chronic pericarditis. Looks at signs, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of both. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 16, Ch. 209, Pericardial Disease The Merck Manual discusses both acute and chronic pericarditis. Looks at signs, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of both. http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section16/chapter209/209b.htm

var locationOverride = "http://www.merck.com/pubs/"; This Publication Is Searchable The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Section 16. Cardiovascular Disorders Chapter 209. Pericardial Disease Topics [General] Pericarditis Pericarditis Inflammation of the pericardium, which may be acute or chronic and may result in pericardial effusion. Etiology Acute pericarditis: Acute pericarditis may result from infection, connective tissue disorders, metabolic disorders, trauma, MI, or certain drugs, or it may be idiopathic. Infections resulting in acute pericarditis may be caused by bacteria, parasites, protozoa, viruses, or fungi. Bacterial infection is most often due to streptococci, staphylococci, and gram-negative bacilli. Haemophilus influenzae is a common cause in children. Pyogenic pericarditis is uncommon but may occur with infective endocarditis, pneumonia, septicemia, and penetrating trauma; after cardiac surgery; and in immunocompromised patients. Viral infection is most often due to echovirus, influenza virus, and coxsackievirus group B. In some inner city hospitals, AIDS is the most common cause of pericardial effusion recognized by echocardiography. Patients with AIDS may develop pericarditis because of Mycobacterium avium, M. tuberculosis, Nocardia

8. Pericarditis - CardiologyChannel pericarditis is an inflammation of the pericardium. It can cause chest pain which increases with breathing and movement. Fluid build up between the http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Pericarditis pericarditis is a disorder caused by inflammation of the pericardium, Heart disorders that can cause pericarditis include heart attack (see postMI http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000182.htm

@import url(/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Pericarditis Contents of this page: Illustrations Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors Symptoms ... Prevention Illustrations Pericardium Pericarditis Definition Return to top Pericarditis is a disorder caused by inflammation of the pericardium, which is the sac-like covering of the heart. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Pericarditis is usually a complication of viral infections, most commonly echovirus or cocksackie viruses. Less frequently, it can be caused by influenza or HIV infection. Infections with bacteria can lead to bacterial pericarditis (also called purulent pericarditis). Some fungal infections can also produce pericarditis. In addition, pericarditis can be associated with systemic diseases such as autoimmune disorders rheumatic fever tuberculosis , cancer, leukemia, kidney failure , HIV infections, AIDS and hypothyroidism. Heart disorders that can cause pericarditis include heart attack (see post-MI pericarditis ) and myocarditis . Radiation therapy to the chest and medications that suppress the immune system can also sometimes induce this condition. Pericarditis can also result from injury (including surgery) or trauma to the chest, esophagus, or heart.

10. Patient Care - Columbia University Medical Center A look at infective endocarditis, pericarditis, myocarditis, and cardiomyopathy. Discussion on each about diagnosis, treatment and prevention. http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/texts/guide/hmg16_0004.html

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11. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Pericarditis Definition Return to top. pericarditis is a disorder caused by inflammation of the pericardium, which is the saclike covering of the heart. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Pericarditis - Constrictive Constrictive pericarditis. Definition Return to top. Constrictive pericarditis is a disorder caused by inflammation of the pericardium (the saclike http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001103.htm

@import url(/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Pericarditis - constrictive Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Pericardium Constrictive pericarditis Pericardium Alternative names Return to top Constrictive pericarditis Definition Return to top Constrictive pericarditis is a disorder caused by inflammation of the pericardium (the sac-like covering of the heart) with subsequent thickening, scarring, and contracture of the pericardium. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Constrictive pericarditis is a chronic form of pericarditis in which the pericardium is rigid, thickened, scarred, and less elastic than normal. The pericardium cannot stretch as the heart beats, which prevents the chambers of the heart from filling. A direct consequence is a reduced cardiac output (the amount of blood pumped by the heart). The blood backs up behind the heart, resulting in symptoms of heart failure. The inflamed pericardium may cause pain when it rubs against the heart.

13. Guidelines On The Diagnosis And Management Of Pericardial Diseases. The Task For Overview of the differing types of pericarditis. http://www.guideline.gov/summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=4960&nbr=3524&ss=6&

14. Pericardium And Pericarditis Gives an explanation for both pericardium and pericarditis. Brief discussion on who gets it, the causes and treatment. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. EMedicine - Pericarditis And Cardiac Tamponade : Article By Verena T Valley, MD pericarditis and Cardiac Tamponade pericarditis and cardiac tamponade are clinical problems involving the potential space surrounding the heart or http://www.emedicine.com/EMERG/topic412.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Emergency Medicine Cardiovascular Pericarditis and Cardiac Tamponade Last Updated: April 29, 2005 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: pericardium pericardial complex acute pericardial tamponade pericardial effusion ... malignancy , tuberculous pericarditis, precordial chest pain, retrosternal chest pain, end-stage renal disease, ESRD, traumatic tamponade , decompressing tamponade, pericardial friction rub premature atrial contractions premature ventricular contractions cardiac arrhythmias , tachypnea, dyspnea, myocarditis Ewart sign , hepatomegaly, ascites Beck triad , jugular venous distention, hypotension, muffled heart sounds, pulsus paradoxus cyanosis , serous pericarditis, rheumatoid arthritis RA systemic lupus erythematosus SLE , fibrous pericarditis, serofibrinous pericarditis, acute myocardial infarction AMI Dressler syndrome uremia , radiation, suppurative pericarditis purulent pericarditis , cardiotomy, constrictive pericarditis hemorrhagic pericarditis bleeding diathesis caseous pericarditis , adhesive mediastinopericarditis, concretio cordis, malignant pericarditis penetrating cardiac injuries hemopericardium pericardial hematoma, pacemaker insertion

16. PERICARDITIS What Is Pericarditis? pericarditis What is pericarditis? pericarditis is an inflammation of the thin sac that surrounds the heart (known as the pericardium). http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

17. EMedicine - Pericarditis, Acute : Article By Philip J Gentlesk, MD pericarditis, Acute The pericardium is comprised of the parietal pericardium (an outer fibrous layer) and the visceral pericardium (an inner serous http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic1781.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Medicine, Ob/Gyn, Psychiatry, and Surgery Cardiology Pericarditis, Acute Last Updated: August 19, 2005 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: acute pericarditis, pericardial disease, pericardium, heart disease, cardiac disease, inflamed pericardium, pericardial inflammation, chest pain, pericardial friction rub, heart infection, cardiac infection, pericardial infection, tuberculosis, bacterial heart infection, viral heart infection, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus erythematosus, SLE, scleroderma, sarcoidosis, rheumatic fever, renal failure, kidney failure, hypothyroidism, cholesterol pericarditis, myocardial infarction, Dressler syndrome, cardiac neoplasm, pericardiocentesis AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Philip J Gentlesk, MD

18. InteliHealth: Pericarditis A description of pericarditis, the symptoms, what your doctor looks for, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, prognosis and when to call your doctor. http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/331/24447.html

chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_home_mo_1','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_home-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_comm_mo_2','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_comm-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_dental_mo_3','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_dental-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_drug_mo_4','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_drug-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_askexpert_mo_5','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_askexpert-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_medical_mo_6','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_medical-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_chats_mo_7','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_chats-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifchr_mid_but_news_mo_8','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/c/chr_mid_but_news-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_privacy_mo_9','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_privacy-o.gif'); Advertisement Pericarditis What Is It? Symptoms Diagnosis Expected Duration ... Additional Info What Is It? Pericarditis is an inflammation of the pericardium, the saclike membrane around the heart. Pericarditis can be triggered by many, very different medical conditions, including:

19. Endocarditis, Pericarditis, And Myocarditis Endocarditis, pericarditis Myocarditis. Infective endocarditis is a rare but pericarditis is the most common cause of ST elevation on EKG in http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

20. Health.iafrica.com | Doc Online | Ask The Doctor | Cardiac Diseases Pericarditis A look at pericarditis, the causes, symptoms and treatment. http://health.iafrica.com/doconline/qa/cardiac/pericarditis.htm

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