81. Pellagra Beal, M. Flint, and Joseph B. Martin. pellagra. In Harrison s Principles ofInternal Medicine, ed. Anthony S. Fauci, et al. New York McGrawHill, 1997. http://www.lifesteps.com/gm/Atoz/ency/pellagra.jsp

82. List Of Species Used For Pellagra pellagrapellagra is a disease that occurs when a person does not get enough niacin (oneof the B complex vitamins) or tryptophan (an amino acid) in their diet. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/duke/ethno-actlist.pl?Pellagra

83. Pellagra - Columbia Encyclopedia® Article About Pellagra Columbia Encyclopedia® article about pellagra. pellagra. Information about pellagrain the Columbia Encyclopedia®. http://columbia.thefreedictionary.com/pellagra

Domain='thefreedictionary.com' word='pellagra' Your help is needed: American Red Cross The Salvation Army join mailing list webmaster tools Word (phrase): Word Starts with Ends with Definition subscription: Dictionary/ thesaurus Computing dictionary Medical dictionary Legal dictionary Financial dictionary Acronyms Columbia encyclopedia Wikipedia encyclopedia Hutchinson encyclopedia pellagra Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus Medical Wikipedia Hutchinson 0.03 sec. Page tools Printer friendly Cite / link Email Feedback pellagra , deficiency disease due to a lack of niacin (nicotinic acid), one of the components of the B complex vitamins in the diet. Niacin is plentiful in yeast, organ meats, peanuts, and wheat germ. The disease manifests itself in lesions of the skin and mucous membrane, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms, neurological derangement, and mental confusion. It is most common in areas where the diet consists mainly of corn, which, unlike other grains, lacks niacin as well as the amino acid tryptophan, which the body uses to synthesize the vitamin. Treatment includes large doses of niacin and the institution of a proper diet to prevent recurrences. Bibliography See D. A. Roe

84. Niacin And Pellagra - Part 2 Innovative hypotheses about Lyme disease, pellagra, and niacin, part 2. http://www.vorsoft.com/medical/niacin/part2.htm

Niacin and Pellagra - Part 2 James D. Hajicek June 15, 1999 A Review of the Book: PELLAGRA The remainder of this discussion will be devoted to reviewing some of the contents of a book: Pellagra Benchmark Papers in Biochemistry, Volume 2 Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company, 1981 Edited by Kenneth J. Carpenter This book consists of reprints of key medical papers about pellagra from 1755 to 1977, together with editorial comments. There are partial or total reprints of over different 40 papers. The following papers are mostly concerned with the etiology of pellagra. They are reviewed here in Part 2: Paper 1 - 1755 - Thiery Description of a Malady Called Mal de la Rosa Paper 2 - 1808 - Buniva Observations on Pellagra: It Would Not Appear to be Contagious Paper 3 - 1856 - Lussana and Frua Su La Pellagra Paper 4 - 1863 - Salas Etiology and Prophylaxis of Pellagra Paper 5 - 1910 - Marie Pellagra, Appendix IV: Advice and Rules for Avoiding Pellagra Paper 6 - 1910 - Sambon Progress Report on the Investigation of Pellagra Paper 7 - 1935 - Aykroyd, Alexa, and Nitzulescu

85. Pellagra centro-settentrionale, La sintomatologia della pellagra presentava, generalmente, http://www.bergamoestoria.org/lavori/cdmultimed/medie/museo_medie/pellagra.htm

La pellagra si diffuse nella seconda metà del Settecento nell'Italia centro-settentrionale, a causa di assenza di vitamina PP nell'alimentazione. I contadini bergamaschi si nutrivano sempre più di granoturco, consumato sotto forma di polenta, e sempre meno di pane bianco. Assunta come alimento esclusivo, la polenta provocò danni irreparabili all'organismo e alla mente di molti contadini. La sintomatologia della pellagra presentava, generalmente, una prima fase di eritema: si screpolavano le mani, la pelle esposta al sole si squamava. Il secondo stadio era caratterizzato da vertigini, debolezza fisica e disturbi gastrointestinali, con forti diarree. Se non intervenivano fattori che modificavano la dieta, la malattia evolveva in demenza e veniva curata con il ricovero manicomiale. La descrive Facheris: "una lesione particolare al sistema nervoso, per cui gli ammalati deboli dapprincipio e quasi paralitici passavano ad una sorta di melancolia che può dirsi pavida e spesso religiosa". La cura che l'ospedale riservava ai pellagrosi consisteva nel miglioramento della dieta, resa più varia e completa, la somministrazione di alcuni medicinali e bagni o docce refrigeranti e igienici. Mediamente si curavano 500 malati all'anno, con turni di ricovero di 15/20 giorni.

86. Disease - Pellagra - Detroit, Michigan Disease pellagra - courtesy of Henry Ford Health System of Detroit, Michigan. http://www.henryfordhealth.org/14310.cfm

3D Tour of the Vattikuti Institute About the Institute The Vattikuti Institute Prostatectomy Prostate Cancer ... Health Encyclopedia Health Encyclopedia Back to main Health Information page Disease - Pellagra Food guide pyramid Definition: Pellagra is a disease that occurs when a person does not get enough niacin (one of the B complex vitamins) or tryptophan (an amino acid) in their diet. It can also occur if the body fails to absorb these nutrients. The disease is common in certain parts of the world (in people consuming large quantities of corn). It is characterized by scaly skin sores, diarrhea, inflamed mucous membranes, and mental confusion and delusions. It may develop after gastrointestinal diseases or alcoholism. Alternative Names: Vitamin deficiency - niacin; Deficiency - niacin Review Date: 4/26/2003 Back En Espa±ol Print This Page Email to a Friend Topic Search: Prostate Table of Contents

87. Pellagra pellagra drug treatment. Drugs related to pellagra. B3-50 (consumer information)B3-500-Gr (consumer information) Niacin SR (consumer information) http://browse.drugs.com/cond-pellagra.html

Advanced Search Or click the first letter of a drug name: A B C D ... Z Browsing results for Pellagra A B C D ... Z Definition: A disease caused by a deficient diet or failure of the body to absorb niacin (one of the B complex vitamins) or an amino acid (tryptophan). Common in certain parts of the world (in people consuming large quantities of corn), the disease is characterized by scaly skin sores, diarrhea, mucosal changes, and mental symptoms (especially a schizophrenia-likedementia). It may develop after gastrointestinal diseases or alcoholism. Drugs related to Pellagra B-3-50 (consumer information) B3-500-Gr (consumer information) Niacin SR (consumer information) Niacor (consumer information) Niaspan ER (consumer information) Niaspan ER Starter Pack (consumer information) Nico-400 (consumer information) Nicobid Tempules (consumer information) Nicolar (consumer information) nicotinic acid (consumer information) Slo-Niacin (consumer information) Home Drug Interactions Pill Identification Question.com ... About Drugs.com The drugs.com drug database is powered by Micromedex TM and Multum TM Micromedex data last updated 5 August 2005.

88. Dr. Koop - Pellagra pellagra, Jul 29, 2005. Search, Dr.Koop, MEDLINE. Diseases Symptoms Procedures Natural Medicine pellagra. Injury Disease Nutrition Poison http://www.drkoop.com/ency/93/000342sym.html

Home Health Reference Pellagra Jul 29, 2005 Search: Dr.Koop MEDLINE Diseases Symptoms Procedures Natural Medicine ... Drug Library Inside DrKoop News Archive Animations Health Videos Health Tools ... Newsletters Pellagra Injury Disease Nutrition Poison ... Prevention Pellagra Alternative Names: Vitamin deficiency - niacin; Deficiency - niacin New Features Fewer Migraines Skin Cancer Atkins/Low Carb Diets Learn More About Migraines * All Health Centers * Acne Addictions AIDS/HIV Alcohol Abuse Allergies Alternative Medicine Alzheimer's Arthritis Asthma Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD) Backache Bipolar Affective Disorder Birth Control Blood Blood Pressure Bone/Joint/Tendon Bowel Brain Breast cancer Cancer Cerebral Palsy Cholesterol Cramps Crohn's Disease Cysts Dental/Oral Depression Diabetes Diet, Fitness, Looks Disabled/Special Needs Drug Abuse Ear/Nose/Throat Eating/Appetite Eczema Encephalitis Eye/Vision Fatigue Fever Flu Food Poisoning Foot Gallbladder Gastrointestinal Genetic/Congenital GERD/Heartburn Hair Loss Hair/Scalp Headache Hearing Heart Disease, Stroke Heat/Sunstroke Hepatitis Hernia Herpes High Blood Pressure Hormonal Immune Disorders Immunizations/Vaccines Impotence Incontinence/Bladder Infections Injuries Kidney/Urinary Kids Learning Disabilities Liver Lung Cancer Men Menopause, Postmenopause

89. Pellagra Disease Cause, Symptoms, Treatment And Cure In central America, pellagra has always been rare because maize (for the cooking of Many of the features of pellagra can be explained purely by niacin http://www.online-vitamins-guide.com/deficiency/pellagra.htm

Vitamins Minerals Amino Acids Nutrients ... Keshan disease Pellagra Disease Cause, Symptoms, Treatment and Cure This is rare and is found in people who eat virtually only maize, for example in parts of Africa. Maize contains niacin in the form of niacytin, which is biologically unavailable, and has a low content of tryptophan. In central America, pellagra has always been rare because maize (for the cooking of tortillas) is soaked overnight in calcium hydroxide which releases niacin. Many of the features of pellagra can be explained purely by niacin deficiency; but some are probably due to multiple deficiencies, including deficiencies of proteins and of other vitamins. Pellagra may also occur in the following circumstances: Isoniazid therapy can lead to a deficiency of vitamin B 6 , which is needed for the synthesis of nicotinamide from tryptophan. Vitamin B 6 is now given concomitantly with isoniazid. In Hartnup's disease, a rare inborn error, in which basic amino acids including tryptophan are not absorbed by the gut. There is also loss of this amino acid in the urine. In generalized malabsorption (rare).

90. Full Text - No Breaks - Dr. Joseph Goldberger And The War On Pellagra Joseph Goldberger s theory on pellagra contradicted commonlyheld medical The land reform that Goldberger believed necessary to eliminate pellagra was http://history.cit.nih.gov/exhibits/goldberger/full-text.html

Dr. Joseph Goldberger Photo: Reproduced with permission of the Joseph Goldberger family. the War on Pellagra By Alan Kraut, Ph.D. Professor of History, American University 1996 Stetten Museum Senior Visiting Fellow Pellagra no longer stalks the nation as it once did. But during the early part of the 20th-century, pellagra, a disease that results from a diet deficient in vitamin B, killed many poor Southerners. Dr. Joseph Goldberger, a physician in the U.S. government's Hygienic Laboratory, the predecessor of the National Institutes of Health, discovered the cause of pellagra and stepped on a number of medical toes when his research experiments showed that diet and not germs (the currently held medical theory) caused the disease. He also stepped on Southern pride when he condemned the sharecropper systems as being a significant factor in the cause of pellagra. Man and small boy with pellagra. Photos: Small boy, courtesy of the National Library of Medicine; Man, reproduced with permission of the Waring Historical Library of the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.

91. Page 5 - Goldberger And The "Pellagra Germ" - Dr. Joseph Goldberger And The War Joseph Goldberger s theory on pellagra contradicted commonlyheld medical opinions . Lombroso had speculated that spoiled maize caused pellagra. http://history.cit.nih.gov/exhibits/goldberger/p5.html

page 5 Goldberger (seated at the table) in a hospital , about 1914 or 1915. Hospital pictured may be the Charity Hospital in Mississippi. Photo: Reproduced with permission of the Joseph Goldberger family. Goldberger and the "Pellagra Germ" Joseph Goldberger's theory on pellagra contradicted commonly-held medical opinions. The work of Italian investigators as well as Goldberger's own observations in mental hospitals, orphanages, and cotton mill towns, convinced him that germs did not cause the disease. In such institutions, inmates contracted the disease, but staff never did. Goldberger knew from his years of experience working on infectious diseases that germs did not distinguish between inmates and employees. Lombroso had speculated that spoiled maize caused pellagra. Goldberger found no evidence for that hypothesis, but diet certainly seemed the crucial factor. Shipments of food which Goldberger had requested from Washington were provided to children in two Mississippi orphanages and to inmates at the Georgia State Asylum. Results were dramatic; those fed a diet of fresh meat, milk and vegetables instead of a com-based diet recovered from pellagra. Those without the disease who ate the new diet did not contract pellagra. Experimenting on Mississippi Prisoners Critics, many unable to part from the germ theory of pellagra, raised doubts. Goldberger hoped to squelch those reservations by demonstrating the existence of a particular substance that when removed from the diet of healthy individuals resulted in pellagra. With the cooperation of Mississippi's progressive governor, Earl Brewer, Goldberger experimented on eleven healthy volunteer prisoners at the Rankin State Prison Farm in 1915. Offered pardons in return for their participation, the volunteers ate a corn-based diet. Six of the eleven showed pellagra rashes after five months.

92. ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Nutrition_and_Meta Search The Butterfly Caste A Social History of pellagra in the South ( Dr. Joseph Goldberger and the War on pellagra Informative article on the http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Nutrition_a

@import "/styles/navbar.css"; @import "/styles/tabStyles.css"; Set home page Bookmark site Add search Latest News ... Email to friend Text Size A A A Front Page ... Vitamins and Minerals : Pellagra Subtopics Search Google: Pellagra News Books Links ... Novel Vitamin Discovery Offers Clues For Cancer Chemotherapy And Lipid Disorders (May 14, 2004) full story Study Finds Huge Variability In Vitamin E Absorption (January 16, 2004) full story Bizarre New Protein Blocks A Real-Life Terminator (September 19, 2001) full story Consume Less Trans Fat, More Vitamin B6 And B12, Studies Suggest (November 3, 1999) full story [ More news about Pellagra Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change. Pellagra: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, And Annotated Research Guide To Internet References by: Icon Health Publications December 30, 2004 Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change. Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine : Pellagra by: Rosalyn Carson-DeWitt MD December 30, 2004 Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change. The Butterfly Caste : A Social History of Pellagra in the South (Contributions in American History) by: Elizabeth W. Etheridge

93. Niasiini Ja Pellagra pellagra on ollut aikaisemmin yleinen, ensisijaisesti ihooireina ilmennyt sairaus, Yhdysvalloissa pellagra lisääntyi selvästi vuoden 1905 jälkeen, http://www.saunalahti.fi/arnoldus/niasiini.html

Arno Forsius Niasiini ja pellagra Pellagra on ollut aikaisemmin yleinen, ensisijaisesti iho-oireina ilmennyt sairaus, jota esiintyi vuosittain sadoilla tuhansilla ihmisillä ympäri maailmaa. Taudin syystä kiisteltiin vielä 1940-luvulla, vaikka silloin oli jo olemassa varmaa näyttöä siitä, että kyseessä oli vitamiinin puutteesta johtunut sairaus. Seuraava kertomus osoittaa, miten vaikeaa puutostautien syiden selvittäminen on aikaisemmin ollut. Pellagra ei ollut kuitenkaan pelkästään ihon sairaus. Tulehdusoireita esiintyi myös suun limakalvolla ja kielessä, minkä vuoksi kieli on punoittava ja voimakkaasti kirvelevä. Lisäksi suoliston ärtyminen aiheuttaa yleensä ripulia. Myös hermokudos vahingoittuu, jolloin ääreishermostossa esiintyy erilaisia vaurioita, ja aivojen toiminta häiriintyy aiheuttaen unettomuutta, masennusta ja tylsistymistä. Pellagraa onkin usein sanottu oireittensa vuoksi kolmen D:n taudiksi: dermatitis (ihottuma), diarrhoea (ripuli) ja dementia (tylsistyminen). Ennen tehokkaan hoidon keksimistä potilaat ovat tarvinneet vaikeissa tapauksissa sairaalahoitoa ja kuolleisuus on saattanut kohota suureksi. Laitoshoito oli tarpeen varsinkin niillä potilailla, joilla oli keskushermoston oireita. Espanjan kuninkaan Carlos (Kaarle) V:n lääkäri Gaspar Casal (1679–1759) havaitsi jo vuonna 1735 Asturian Oviedossa rahvaan keskuudessa yleistä tautia, jolla oli nimenä "mal de la rosa" (ruusutauti). Casal julkaisi kuvauksensa taudista vasta vuonna 1762, mutta sitä ennen ranskalainen lääkäri François Thièry (s. 1719) oli ehtinyt selostaa sitä vuonna 1755 eräässä ranskalaisessa sanomalehdessä Casalsin käsikirjoituksen perusteella. Casal piti taudin syynä heikkolaatuista maissia, jota oli alettu viljellä Espanjassa vuodesta 1530 alkaen. Kasvi oli tuotu Espanjaan Amerikasta, kun Kolumbus (1451–1506) oli löytänyt vuonna 1492 meritien sinne, ja tauti tunnettiinkin usein "Kolumbuksen tautina".

94. DermIS / Hauptmenü / DOIA / Pellagra-artiges Arzneimittelexanthem / Bilder / Gr Etimologia pellagra Translate this page http://www.dermis.net/doia/image.asp?zugr=d&lang=d&cd=28&nr=1&diagnr=265201

95. [ Www.azg.be - AZG Wereldwijd ]  Brussel, 5 september 2001 Sinds het begin van de zomer is pellagra Sinds augustus 1999 is pellagra, een zeldzame ziekte, opnieuw opgedoken in Kuito. http://www.azg.be/nl/terrein/landen/afrika/angola_news_08.shtml

Angola Aantal gevallen van Marburg neemt af Marburg zaait angst in Noord-Angola AZG voert hulp op in strijd tegen marburg-epidemie Marburgkoorts slaat toe in Angola ... Opnieuw vitamine B-behandeling tegen pellagra Opnieuw pellagra-epidemie Brussel, 5 september 2001 - Sinds het begin van de zomer is pellagra opnieuw aan een opmars bezig in de stad Kuito, in Centraal-Angola. AZG telt er op dit ogenblik 70 tot 80 nieuwe gevallen per week. " Het is de derde pellagra-epidemie sinds eind 1999. Een onmiddellijke oplossing is niet voorhanden ", zegt Sophie Baquet, voedingsexperte bij Artsen Zonder Grenzen. De oorzaak van het vitaminetekort ligt bij de slechte voedselsituatie in de regio. Sinds augustus 1999 is pellagra, een zeldzame ziekte, opnieuw opgedoken in Kuito. Aanvankelijk kwam de ziekte vooral voor bij de ontheemde bevolking, maar inmiddels ook bij de vaste bewoners. Pellagra begint als huidziekte, maar leidt tot chronische diarree en dementie. Zonder behandeling, sterft de patiënt binnen de twee maanden. "

96. [ Www.azg.be - AZG Wereldwijd ]  pellagra stak opnieuw de kop op in juli 1999. Sindsdien zijn er al 1.300 gevallen AZG heeft de behandeling van de pellagrapatiënten op zich genomen. http://www.azg.be/nl/terrein/landen/afrika/angola_news_01.shtml

Angola Aantal gevallen van Marburg neemt af Marburg zaait angst in Noord-Angola AZG voert hulp op in strijd tegen marburg-epidemie Marburgkoorts slaat toe in Angola ... Opnieuw vitamine B-behandeling tegen pellagra Opnieuw vitamine B-behandeling tegen pellagra Brussel, 1 februari 2001 - Sinds begin dit jaar heeft Artsen Zonder Grenzen in de stad Kuito al 29 gevallen behandeld van pellagra , een zeldzame ziekte veroorzaakt door een tekort aan vitamine B3. AZG is begonnen met een vitamine B-behandeling, die een verdere uitbreiding van de ziekte moet tegengaan. Pellagra stak opnieuw de kop op in juli 1999. Sindsdien zijn er al 1.300 gevallen van de ziekte geteld. Genoeg om over een epidemie te spreken. AZG heeft al drie keer op grote schaal vitamine B uitgedeeld: in december 1999, maart 2000 en augustus 2000. Deze laatste actie was gericht op 170.000 personen, dat wil zeggen dat er op één maand tijd 5,5 miljoen tabletten werden uitgedeeld. Pellagra begint als huidziekte, maar kan leiden tot chronische diarree, dementie en doofheid. Zonder behandeling, kan de patiënt binnen de twee maanden sterven. AZG heeft de behandeling van de pellagra-patiënten op zich genomen. Ze krijgen een vitamine B-kuur van één maand, die hen opnieuw resistent maakt.

97. Similarity Of Polio To Pellagra, Beriberi, And Other Deficiency Diseases--Eleano SIMILARITY OF POLIO TO pellagra, BERIBERI AND OTHER DEFICIENCY DISEASES EleanorMcBean. Ralf R. Scobey, MD, president of the Poliomyelitis Research http://www.whale.to/vaccine/polio2.html

SIMILARITY OF POLIO TO PELLAGRA, BERIBERI AND OTHER DEFICIENCY DISEASES Eleanor McBean Ralf R. Scobey, M.D., president of the Poliomyelitis Research Institute. Inc. Syracuse, New York (in the Archives of Pediatrics, Sept. 1950) lists 170 diseases of polio-like symptoms and effects but with different names such as: epidemic cholera, cholera morbus, spinal meningitis, spinal apoplexy, inhibitory palsy, intermittent fever, famine fever, worm fever, bilious remittent fever, ergotism, etc. There are also such common nutritional deficiency diseases as beriberi, scurvy, Asiatic plague, pellagra, prison edema, acidosis etc. No drugs, medicines or medical treatments have ever been able to cure any of these diseases and no germs have been isolated as the cause. But they all respond to fasting, cleansing, proper diet and improved circulation. The similarity of these diseases to polio is too obvious to go unnoticed. They are, in reality, all one disease with varying stages of intensity and different names. It is ridiculous to assume that polio is caused by a virus and the rest of them are caused by nutritional deficiency. Dr. Scobey senses this fact when he states: "Inasmuch as nerve cells react in much the same way to various poisons, further research will probably show that in these cases polio micro-organisms are not always present, but intoxication (poisoning) may be produced through faulty metabolism or by the absorption of poisons from without."

98. DermIS / Menu Principal / DOIA / Pellagra / Informação pellagra ?É um doente de pellagra , por favor, complete o nosso; Website-Questionnaire http://dermis.multimedica.de/doia/diagnose.asp?zugr=d&lang=p&diagnr=265204&topic

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