1. Surgical Corrective Procedure For Pectus Excavatum And Pectus Carinatum Introduction to the method developed by Dr. Arnold Leonard to correct pectus excavatum (PE) and carinatum (PC). http://www.pectusdeformity.com/

Return to Pediatric Surgery Index Correction of chest wall defects known as pectus excavatum (sternal depression) and pectus carinatum (sternal protrusion) are now available to patients. At the University of Minnesota, Pediatric Surgeons, Robert Acton MD and Daniel Saltzman MD Ph.D., perform both major techniques of pectus repair (Ravitch and Nuss) as well as the Leonard Technique for the Pectus repair. Dr. Arnold Leonard, now retired Adjunct Professor of Surgery from the University of Minnesota, has performed more than 1500 of these procedures with remarkable success. Upon his retirement, he has "passed the torch" to his partners. What is Pectus Excavatum and Pectus Carinatum The pectus excavatum defect is found in somewhere between 1 in every 500-1000 children. It does occur in families and thus, is inherited in many instances. Other problems, especially in the muscle and skeletal system, also may accompany this defect. In approximately 1/5 of the patients, scoliosis is present. The defect is seen shortly after birth and then progresses to its maximum after the growth period in adolescence. The regression or any improvement in this defect rarely occurs because of the fixation of the cartilages and the ligaments. When one takes a deep breath or inspires, the defect is usually accentuated. What are the symptoms related to pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum?

2. Pectus Excavatum An information site on pectus excavatum profiling a young adult with the condition. Includes pectus excavatum images, pectus excavatum resource links, http://www.pectusinfo.com/

3. Pectus Excavatum - Genetic And Nutritional Factors Part of Sandy Simmons' Health and Logic site, exploring nutritional influences in many connective tissue and other health problems, including pectus, rickets/osteomalacia and other structural abnormalities affected by nutrient deficiencies or nutrient processing problems. http://www.ctds.info/pectus_excavatum.html

Con nective Tissue Disorder Home Search Site Map ... Links Pectus Excavatum Explores PE in Hereditary Connective Tissue Disorders and Rickets Read my Contents: Overview Scoliosis, Bone Densities and Pectus Excavatum PE and Rickets Blue Sclera, Pectus Excavatum and Rickets ... Summary Overview Pectus excavatum (PE) is defined as an abnormal formation of the rib cage where the breastbone caves in, resulting in a sunken chest appearance. Many doctors describe PE as a cosmetic defect or a congenital defect that is correctable only through surgery. But is it? This web site looks at the environmental factors that may influence pectus excavatum and the other rachitic skeletal features that often occur along with it, such as bowed limbs, scoliosis and flat feet. Return to top Scoliosis, Bone Densities and Pectus Excavatum Research shows that pectus excavatum is closely associated with scoliosis . Almost all studies of scoliosis and bone densities show that people with the disorder have low bone densities. A 1999 study in Europe recommended that everyone with scoliosis be screened for osteopenia, even children. (See my related section on

4. UK Pectus Excavatum And Pectus Carinatum Information Site UK pectus excavatum and Pectus Carinatum Information Site. http://www.pectus.org/

UK Pectus Excavatum and Pectus Carinatum Information Site Introduction What is Pectus Excavatum/Carinatum? Living with a Pectus Deformity ... Sign our Guestbook Welcome to our information site on pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum. Pectus deformities are the most common congenital chest wall deformities and are more popularly known as 'funnel chest' or 'sunken chest' (pectus excavatum) and 'pigeon chest' (pectus carinatum). This site has been designed primarily to provide those with a pectus deformity with information; to understand what a pectus deformity is, how and why it may affect you and how and where to get further advice. This site also provides links to many UK specialist hospitals treating patients with pectus deformities, to provide and share the most up to date, accurate information with doctors and nurses.

5. Pectus Excavatum: Forums, Causes, Exercises And Other Non-Surgical Treatments A child s experience with pectus excavatum Surgery. http://www.ccone.com/pectus/

Pectus Excavatum The page Surgical Excavatum Procedure that was formerly at this URL has moved to http://www.ccone.com/danny/ . This web page contains a well written personal account made by a mom of her son's PE development and subsequent surgery. Contains before and after photos. Pectus Excavatum Non Surgical Treatment Using Exercises and Braces: The Pectus Excavatum Listserve - run by a person called Trainer Joe, who develops exercises programs and special braces for people with sunken and barrel chests to attempt to improve appearances. Interesting before and after pictures. Also includes discussion group about all aspects of PE include surgery and emotional aspects. Almost 2,000 members as of this writing. This is an MSN Group so you need a .net password to join plus moderator approval to join. There is a mailing list with highlights of the past week's posts. Dr, Sydney Haje's web site

6. Pectus Excavatum: Studiously Ignored In The United Kingdom? -- WHEELER And FOOTE Editorial from the Archives of Diseases in Children. http://adc.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/archdischild;82/3/187

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... TABLE OF CONTENTS Author Keyword(s) Vol Page [Advanced] This Article Extract Full Text (PDF) Submit a response ... Citation Map Services Email this link to a friend Similar articles in ADC Online Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal ... Cited by other online articles PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by WHEELER, R. Articles by FOOTE, K. Related Collections Cardiothoracic Surgery Adolescent medicine Arch Dis Child 187-188 ( March ) Leading article Pectus excavatum: studiously ignored in the United Kingdom? Article Top Article References Pectus excavatum describes a malformation of the anterior chest wall characterised by a hollowing over the sternum and an associated prominence of the costochondral junction. The resulting depression in the chest wall, the opposite situation to pigeon chest (pectus carinatum), is variable in severity, ranging from

7. UK Pectus Excavatum And Pectus Carinatum Information Site UK pectus excavatum and Pectus Carinatum Information Site http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. Surgical Treatment UK pectus excavatum and Pectus Carinatum Information Site http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. EMedicine - Pectus Excavatum : Article By Andre Hebra, MD pectus excavatum pectus excavatum, also known as sunken chest, is a congenital chest wall deformity in which several ribs and the sternum grow abnormally, http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2558.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Pediatrics Pulmonology Pectus Excavatum Last Updated: April 12, 2005 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: sunken chest, congenital chest wall deformity, pectus, Marfan syndrome Poland syndrome , minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum, MIRPE, Nuss technique, open Ravitch technique for repair of pectus excavatum mitral valve prolapse scoliosis carinatum , pectus posture AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Andre Hebra, MD , Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, University of South Florida School of Medicine; Director, Minimally Invasive Pediatric Surgery Program, Chief of Surgery, All Children's Hospital Andre Hebra, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha American Academy of Pediatrics American College of Surgeons American Medical Association ... Southeastern Surgical Congress , and Southern Medical Association Editor(s): Girish Sharma, MD

10. Children's Surgery Information on children's surgery for correction of specific conditions, such as hernias, pectus excavatum, Hirschsprung's disease. http://www.childrensurgery.com/

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11. Surgical Corrective Procedure For Pectus Excavatum And Pectus Introduction to the method developed by Dr. Arnold Leonard to correct pectus excavatum (PE) and carinatum (PC). http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. Pectus Info Pages pectus excavatum is the medical label for the condition sometimes called "funnel chest", a depressed or sunken breastbone (sternum). http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

13. Pectus Excavatum: FAQ On Surgery, Exercises & MVP Frequently asked about pectus excavatum. Covers topics on surgery, exercises, mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and other heart problems. http://www.ctds.info/pectus_excavatum_faq.html

Con nective Tissue Disorder Home Search Site Map ... Links Pectus Excavatum Frequently Asked Questions What can you tell me about surgery for PE I have PE and I get weird pains and palpitations in my chest and heart Should everyone with PE have an echocardiogram? Read my Related Pages in this Series Pectus Excavatum - Genetic and Nutritional Factors Exercises for PE FAQ - Part I FAQ - Part II Question : What can you tell me about surgery for pectus excavatum Answer One point to note is that if I had to do my pectus excavatum surgery over again, I would only go to a surgeon who specialized in pectus excavatum repair. I had my operation when I was 17 and didn't know how to evaluate and compare surgeons, so I just went to a a thoracic surgeon referred to me by my family doctor. The surgeon I went to did not specialize in PE repair, and I realize now he probably had not done very many, if any, of these types of surgeries and was not aware of the latest techniques. I suspect my surgery results would have turned out better if I had gone to someone with more expertise in just pectus excavatum repair. If I ever have a pectus excavatum redo, I would only go to someone who specialized in sunken chest surgery, was up on the latest surgical techniques and was recommended by other people who had pectus excavatum repairs done by him/her. One person who wrote to me asked a prospective surgeon for some before and after pictures of his work. This sounded like a good idea.

14. Zinc Deficiency Reviews the symptoms of deficiency. Explores the possibility of a deficiency as a major factor in pectus excavatum and inherited connective tissue disorders. http://www.ctds.info/zinc1.html

Con nective Tissue Disorder Home Search Site Map ... Links Zinc Deficiency Read my Contents: Overview Zinc Deficiency Symptoms Interesting Facts About Zinc Zinc and Pectus Excavatum ... Links to Connective Tissue Disorders Overview Many of the features of common chronic disorders, especially connective tissue disorders, are identical to the symptoms of zinc deficiencies. Is this a coincidence, or could zinc deficiencies be an often overlooked factor in many disorders currently attributed to genes or other causes? When pregnant mice were fed a diet moderately deficient in zinc, their offspring exhibited a malfunctioning immune system for the first six months of life. More alarming, the second and third generations also showed signs of poor immunity - even though they were fed a zinc-plentiful diet. Jean Carper, writing in

15. Scott's Pectus Page Personal page of an adult who had pectus surgery. Before and after pictures and a very large guestbook. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

16. Osteopenia: Definition, Prevention And Treatment Recommended books for osteoporosis and osteopenia prevention and treatment. May also be helpful for other defective bone conditions such as osteomalacia, rickets, pectus excavatum, pectus carnitum, fractures and scoliosis. http://www.ctds.info/osteopenia.html

Con nective Tissue Disorder Home Search Site Map ... Links Osteopenia Top books for prevention and treatment. Includes a definition of what it means compared to osteoporosis. Contents: Osteopenia - Overview Book Reviews Medical Definitions of Osteopenia, Osteomalacia, Osteoporosis and Rickets Read my Overview When my doctor pointed out that I was at high risk for osteopenia because of my history of scoliosis and my thin build, I started reading everything I could about osteopenia and osteoporosis prevention and treatment. Out of the many books I looked at that are currently available on the subjects, the books reviewed below are the ones I found the most helpful. In the book Food and Our Bones the author focuses on osteoporosis, but she also also discusses bone health and bone density in general. The book Preventing and Reversing Osteoporosis is also intended for people with osteoporosis, but since it covers a variety of bone density treatment factors such as diet, exercise programs, magnesium, calcium, vitamin K, vitamin D and zinc, it should also be valuable reading for people with any bone-related health condition such as osteopenia (a precursor condition to osteoporosis), osteomalacia and rickets.

17. Pectus Excavatum Forums, Causes, Exercises And Other Non-Surgical A child's experience with pectus excavatum Surgery. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

18. What Is Pectus Excavatum/Carinatum? UK pectus excavatum and Pectus Carinatum Information Site In pectus excavatum (funnel chest) the sternum (breastbone) is depressed in a concave shape http://www.pectus.org/whatis.htm

UK Pectus Excavatum and Pectus Carinatum Information Site What is Pectus Excavatum/Carinatum? What is Pectus Excavatum/Carinatum? Living with a Pectus Deformity ... Sign our Guestbook Pectus deformities occur in 1-8: 1000 population and are more frequent in boys than girls. In pectus excavatum (funnel chest) the sternum (breastbone) is depressed in a concave shape and in pectus carinatum (pigeon chest) the sternum is protruded in a convex shape. There may be asymmetry of the chest and the sternum may be rotated. The deformity varies in severity, ranging from a mild indentation/protrusion to severe, for example a patient with a severe pectus excavatum may have only a few centimetres between his/her sternum and vertebral column. Most patients have a slim chest, a slouching posture and younger children commonly have potbellies. What causes pectus excavatum / carinatum? The deformity is thought to be caused by excessive growth of the costal cartilages although the reason for this is unknown. This overgrowth causes the ribs and cartilages to 'buckle' and pushes the sternum either inwards or outwards. Musculoskeletal abnormalities that are associated with pectus deformities are scoliosis (lateral curvature of the spine), Marfan's syndrome (an inheritable disorder of the connective tissue) and Poland's syndrome.

19. Basse En Svømmerhvalp Oplysninger om, hvad man kan g¸re, n¥r man f¥r en sv¸mmer (pectus excavatum)i et kuld. L¦s Basses historie. http://svoemmerhvalp.webbyen.dk

20. Pectus Excavatum An information site on pectus excavatum profiling a young adult with the condition. Includes pectus excavatum images, pectus excavatum resource http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

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