41. Otosclerosis Find a definition of the disease that includes information on the fenestral and retrofenestra of the disorder. Features photo gallery. http://www.amershamhealth.com/medcyclopaedia/medical/volume VI 2/OTOSCLEROSIS.AS

financial services our commitment our company Search Medcyclopaedia for: Search marked text (mark text before you click) Browse entry words starting with: A B C D ... amershamhealth.com Otosclerosis, osteodystrophic disease of the labyrinthine capsule. The osteosclerotic foci may be single or multiple. Histologically the osteosclerotic foci arise in the endochondral layer of the labyrinthine capsule. These foci correspond to spongy irregular bone with numerous blood vessels, osteoblasts and osteoclasts, hence the more appropriate term otospongiosis. These spongy foci tend to recalcify, becoming more dense and relatively avascular and acellular. There appears to be a hereditary factor in the aetiology. It usually begins in young adults, typically without a previous history of ear disease, as a gradually progressive conductive hearing loss or a mixed conductive and sensorineural hearing loss . It is commonly a symmetrical disease, though patients do not always have symptoms in both ears. Two major categories are distinguished, fenestral and retrofenestral. Fenestral otosclerosis This is the most common form of otosclerosis, involving a focus in the labyrinthine capsule just anterior to the oval window. It tends to extend posteriorly, fixing the stapes footplate and sometimes invading and thickening the footplate. The stapes footplate fixation causes conductive hearing loss. CT shows this otosclerotic focus as a lucent area just anterior to the stapes footplate (

42. Otosclerosis - Patient UK otosclerosis is a condition of the middle ear which mainly affects the tiny stapesbone. It causes gradual hearing loss. Treatments include hearing aids and http://www.patient.co.uk/showdoc/23069149/

Otosclerosis Otosclerosis is a condition of the middle ear which mainly affects the tiny stapes bone. It causes gradual hearing loss. Treatments include hearing aids and surgery. What is the ear like and how do we hear? The ear is divided into three parts - the outer (external) ear, middle ear, and the inner ear which includes the cochlea and semicircular canals. The middle ear behind the eardrum is filled with air. Air comes from the back of the nose up a thin channel called the Eustachian tube. In the middle ear there are three tiny bones (ossicles) - the malleus, incus and stapes. Sound waves come into the outer (external) ear and hit the eardrum. The sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate. The sound vibrations pass from the eardrum to the middle ear bones. The bones then transmit the vibrations to the cochlea in the inner ear. The cochlea converts the vibrations to sound signals which are sent down the the ear nerve to the brain which we 'hear'. The semi-circular canals in the inner ear contain a fluid that moves around as we move into different positions. The movement of the fluid is sensed by tiny hairs in the semi-circular canals which send messages to the brain down the ear nerve to help maintain balance and posture. What happens in otosclerosis?

43. Otosclerosis: Hear-it Offers a brief description of the disorder as it relates to progressive deafness in young adults. http://www.hear-it.org/page.dsp?forside=yes&area=154

44. Otosclerosis - Patient UK Has an information leaflet called otosclerosis They have not been checked tosee if otosclerosis information is included but these large sites are http://www.patient.co.uk/showdoc/1142/

Otosclerosis UK sources of information and / or support Patient UK (this website) Has an information leaflet called Otosclerosis Otosclerosis Information from the RNID. Otosclerosis Information from ENT UK Otosclerosis Information from the British Tinnitus Association See also our deafness page Further sources / More detailed information Some non-UK sites The following list popular non-UK health information sites, mainly from the US. They have not been checked to see if Otosclerosis information is included but these large sites are comprehensive. Non-UK disease / illness sites Non-UK self-help / support group sites Evidence Based Medicine For sites and information on Evidence Based Medicine. Searching Medline For information on Medline and how it is used to find detailed medical and health information. Sponsored links and adverts Patient UK has no control of the content of the following links. Inclusion does not imply endorsement by Patient UK. Health Related Books From Amazon - browse hundreds of books on health and disease. Also, worth a look... Related pages in Patient UK Leaflets Otosclerosis Other - Useful resources Pictures, diagrams, photos, images, etc.

45. MEEI-Otosclerosis otosclerosis is an abnormal, microscopic growth of bone in the walls of the innerear which causes the stapes bone, frozen. http://www.meei.harvard.edu/patient/otoscler.php

Find a Disease/Condition Employment Contact Us Site Map The menu has downgraded. It is at the bottom of this page. home > patient education Otosclerosis Otosclerosis is an abnormal, microscopic growth of bone in the walls of the inner ear which causes the stapes bone, commonly called the "stirrup," to become frozen in place or "fixed." Normally the stapes, the smallest bone in the body, vibrates freely to allow the transmission of sound into the inner ear. When it becomes fixed to the surrounding bone, it prevents sound waves from reaching the inner ear fluids and thus hearing is impaired. What is otosclerosis? In a normal ear, sound which consists of vibrations of air molecules is funneled by the auricle, or "outer ear," through the ear canal to the ear drum. Movements of the ear drum are transferred to the ossicles, the small bones of the middle ear, and the stapes vibrates in and out of the oval window. The vibration of the stapes sets up a movement of the inner ear fluids. This, in tum, stimulates the fine sense organs of the inner ear which then stimulate the auditory (hearing) nerve which carries the sound energy to the brain. It is this sequence of events that results in normal hearing. How is otosclerosis treated?

46. Otosclerosis otosclerosis is a disease, which results in new bone formation either in the area of otosclerosis can also involve the inner ear with abnormal new bony http://www.midwestear.com/educatq.htm

Otosclerosis One of the most common causes of hearing, which can be corrected and helped by the ear specialist, is otosclerosis . Although an affliction which has affected man down through the ages, in the past 25 years, ear specialist who deal with hearing problems have developed exciting new ways to help correct this sometimes severely disabling disorder. The ear is divided into three areas. The outer ear consists of the ear canal leading up to the eardrum; the middle ear contains the three hearing bones which transmit sound vibrations to the inner ear; the inner ear contains the balance nerve and the hearing nerve. The hearing nerve is inside a bony capsule called the cochlea . Sound vibrations enter the ear canal and strike the eardrum; the eardrum vibrations are then passed along the hearing bones, going first from the malleus, then to the incus, and then to the third and smallest bone, the stapes bone. The stapes bone vibrates like a piston and transmit s the sound vibrations through an entrance into the inner ear. This stapes vibration causes fluids of the inner ear to stimulate the hearing nerve within the cochlea so that sound impulses are further transmitted to the brain, and one then hears. Otosclerosis is a disease, which results in new bone formation either in the area of the stapes bone or in the cochlea housing the hearing nerve; or it can be a combination of both. When the bony deposits infiltrate the stapes bone, this bone is unable to vibrate and pass the sound into the inner ear. This results in what is called a conductive hearing loss, i.e., the sound is not being properly "conducted" into the inner ear. As a general rule, the thicker the bony deposit the greater the hearing loss, and the longer the hearing loss, the greater is the amount of deposits. The fixation of the stapes usually follows a slow and relentless course with progressively worsening hearing.

47. Ear Problems - Otosclerosis otosclerosis is a form of bone overgrowth in the middle ear that causes progressivehearing loss. The sense of balance may also be impaired. http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Ear_problems_-_ot

48. Otosclerosis Complete online version of The Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging including textand images from The Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging s eight book volumes http://www.amershamhealth.com/medcyclopaedia/medical/Volume VI 2/OTOSCLEROSIS.as

financial services our commitment our company Search Medcyclopaedia for: Search marked text (mark text before you click) Browse entry words starting with: A B C D ... amershamhealth.com Otosclerosis, osteodystrophic disease of the labyrinthine capsule. The osteosclerotic foci may be single or multiple. Histologically the osteosclerotic foci arise in the endochondral layer of the labyrinthine capsule. These foci correspond to spongy irregular bone with numerous blood vessels, osteoblasts and osteoclasts, hence the more appropriate term otospongiosis. These spongy foci tend to recalcify, becoming more dense and relatively avascular and acellular. There appears to be a hereditary factor in the aetiology. It usually begins in young adults, typically without a previous history of ear disease, as a gradually progressive conductive hearing loss or a mixed conductive and sensorineural hearing loss . It is commonly a symmetrical disease, though patients do not always have symptoms in both ears. Two major categories are distinguished, fenestral and retrofenestral. Fenestral otosclerosis This is the most common form of otosclerosis, involving a focus in the labyrinthine capsule just anterior to the oval window. It tends to extend posteriorly, fixing the stapes footplate and sometimes invading and thickening the footplate. The stapes footplate fixation causes conductive hearing loss. CT shows this otosclerotic focus as a lucent area just anterior to the stapes footplate (

49. British Tinnitus Association otosclerosis is the commonest cause of progressive deafness in young adults.otosclerosis is often inherited, although isolated cases do occur. http://www.tinnitus.org.uk/information/info sheets/front page/otosclerosis.htm

The British Tinnitus Association - registered charity no: 1011145 Otosclerosis Don McFerran FRCS Consultant Otolaryngologist Essex County Hospital, Colchester What is Otosclerosis? Otosclerosis is the commonest cause of progressive deafness in young adults. Otosclerosis is often inherited, although isolated cases do occur. Both ears may be affected, although in men it is commoner for one ear to be worse than the other. Untreated, the deafness gradually worsens and can cause a profound hearing loss. In someone with normal hearing the sound passes from the ear drum to three small bones, or ossicles, which transmit the sound to the inner ear or cochlea. The stapes, or stirrup bone, is the inner most of these ossicles. It is the smallest bone in the body and sits in a hole or "window" into the cochlea. It is free to vibrate within the window, allowing transmission of sound. In otosclerosis the bone around the base of the stapes becomes thickened and eventually fuses with the bone of the cochlea. This reduces normal sound transmission resulting in a conductive deafness. In the early stages of otosclerosis, the cochlea and the nerve of hearing are not affected though eventually these too may be involved. This means that freeing the stapes in some way can restore the hearing by removing the conductive block. How to tell if it is Otosclerosis?

50. Otosclerosis: Hear-it otosclerosis is one of the most common causes of progressive deafness in young adults. http://www.hear-it.org/list.dsp?forside=yes&area=154

51. Shea Ear Clinic - Otosclerosis Stapedectomy otosclerosis is a condition that causes hearing loss due to a calcification ofthe bones of the ear. These bones transmit sound as vibrations from the ear http://www.sheaclinic.com/services_7.asp

Home Our Doctors Our Services The Clinic ... Contact Us Treated by: John J. Shea, Jr., M.D. John R. Emmett, M.D. Paul F. Shea, M.D. Otosclerosis is a condition that causes hearing loss due to a calcification of the bones of the ear. These bones transmit sound as vibrations from the ear drum to the inner ear. The inner ear usually works normally but the sound does not get to it. One may hear something but not be able to understand it. The bone usually causing the problem, the stapes, can be replaced in an operation called stapedectomy done at the Shea Ear Clinic Surgery Center. This operation was developed by Dr. John J. Shea, Jr. in 1956. Patients have reported improved hearing in over 90% of these procedures performed at the Shea Clinic. Stapedectomy: A Detailed Look Return to Services Shea Ear Clinic in Memphis, TN A place you've got to hear. Three generations of excellence. Global reputation. World class medicine with home town service. Shea Ear Clinic was founded by Dr. John Shea, Sr. in 1926.

52. Otosclerosis otosclerosis is an abnormal bone growth in the middle ear that causes . http://www.healthscout.com/ency/1/001036.html

Search HealthScout Web MEDLINE Special Offers TV Specials Chronic Pain Erectile Dysfunction GERD Diabetes ... High Tech Health Top Features Bipolar Disorder Resources Sleep Skin Cancer Migraines ... Diabetes Health Organizer Resources Healthscout News 3D Health Animations Health Videos Health Encyclopedia ... Drug Library Drug Information Drug Search Drug Interactions Image Database Pill Identifier Channels Home Today Women Men ... Drug Checker Medical Health Encyclopedia Otosclerosis Injury Disease Nutrition Poison ... Prevention Otosclerosis Definition: Otosclerosis is an abnormal bone growth in the middle ear that causes hearing loss Alternative Names: Otospongiosis Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Otosclerosis is an inherited disorder involving the growth of abnormal spongy bone in the middle ear. This growth prevents the stapes (stirrup bone) from vibrating in response to sound waves, thus leading to progressive (worsening over time) hearing loss. Otosclerosis is the most frequent cause of middle ear hearing loss in young adults, affecting about 10% of the population of the US. Otosclerosis usually affects both ears, and is most commonly seen in women aged 15-30. Risks include pregnancy (which may trigger onset) and a family history of hearing loss. Caucasians are more susceptible than others to otosclerosis.

53. InteliHealth: Otosclerosis InteliHealth Featuring Harvard Medical School s consumer health information.For more than 550 diseases and conditions, learn What Is It?, Symptoms, http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9339/10477.html

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54. InteliHealth: Otosclerosis InteliHealth Featuring Harvard Medical School s consumer health information.Information on symptoms and treatment for mental health, diabetes, asthma, http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9339/10342.html

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55. Hearing Loss otosclerosis is a condition which leads to a gradual loss of hearing in one or In otosclerosis, the bone around the junction of the stapes and the inner http://www.earsite.com/hearing_loss/otosclerosis.html

Otosclerosis Otosclerosis is a condition which leads to a gradual loss of hearing in one or both ears. It usually affects young caucasian females. This condition is believed to arise from a genetic disorder which can be inherited from generation to generation. In otosclerosis, the bone around the junction of the stapes and the inner ear is affected. The stapes becomes more and more fixed with time, so much so that the sound entering the ear canal can not conduct across the ossicles to the inner ear. The clarity with which a person can hear with otosclerosis is extremely good provided the sound is loud enough. There are three options in the management of otosclerosis. The first involves no treatment and coping with the degree of hearing loss that is present and following the hearing with serial audiograms. The second form of management is the use of a hearing aid. Hearing aids have been found to be very useful in otosclerosis. The third form of treatment involves a delicate operation called a stapedectomy. This operation can be done under either local anesthesia with medication given intravenously for sedation or under general anesthesia. Patients either go home the same day or spend one night in the hospital. The entire operation is performed through the ear canal through a operating microscope. A skin incision is made in the ear canal and the eardrum is elevated . A small nerve called the chorda tympani which transmits taste information from t he front 2/3 of the tongue frequently has to be mobilized to allow adequate visuali zation of the stapes. Temporary taste disturbance is not uncommon after this operation. The bone around this nerve has to be removed with fine instruments. The ossicles are then examined and the joint between the incus and stapes is severed. A laser is used to divide a tendon which holds the stapes in place. The stapes is then fractured and removed. A laser is then used to make a hole in the footplate whic h separates it from the inner ear. I prefer to then use a piece of vein harvested from the hand to cover the opening to the inner ear. A small prosthesis is then inserted over the vein graft and attached to the incus.

56. Otosclerosis Abnormal bone deposition by otosclerosis near the stapes bone keeps it from otosclerosis need not be treated if very mild. If a hearing loss occurs, http://www.nycornell.org/ent/otosclerosis.html

Otosclerosis - Stapes Surgery Otosclerosis is a disease of bone affecting the ear. Normally, sound, a vibration of air molecules, is transmitted to the tympanic membrane, or eardrum. The drum vibrates as do the three bones of hearing, the malleus, incus and stapes. These three bones are suspended in the middle ear and are connected like a chain to the vibrating tympanic membrane. At the other end of the chain, the vibrations are transmitted to the inner ear by the last vibrating bone, the stapes. The inner ear or cochlea has nerve endings that transmit the sound to the brain. Abnormal bone deposition by otosclerosis near the stapes bone keeps it from vibrating and therefore a hearing loss occurs. Nerve hearing loss, affecting the inner ear can also occur, but is much less common. Otosclerosis need not be treated if very mild. If a hearing loss occurs, however, it can often be treated with the use of a hearing aid, or by surgery on the stapes bone. Stapedotomy or stapedectomy surgery involves removing a part or all of the base of the stapes bone and replacing it with a microprosthesis. Surgery on the base of the stapes is now performed with a laser, that can most safely open the base of the stapes that minimzes any trauma to the delicate inner ear structures beneath. This elective surgery is done through the ear canal and takes 1-2 hours to perform. The success rates of this surgery are excellent, and the risks to surgery are low.

57. ESG: Otosclerosis (The word otosclerosis can be broken into its two roots oto for ear, Approximately 5% of all people with hearing impairment have otosclerosis. http://www.earspecialtygroup.com/dis_otos_frm.html

Hearing Impairment from Otosclerosis Medical Treatment Surgical ... The Stapes Operation BACK TO EAR DISORDERS OTOSCLEROSIS Otosclerosis is a common cause of hearing impairment. (The word "otosclerosis" can be broken into its two roots: "oto" for ear, and "sclerosis" meaning hardening.) Approximately 5% of all people with hearing impairment have otosclerosis. The condition is hereditary. That is, members of a family pass the condition down to their children. Although otosclerosis is hereditary, the children of patients with otosclerosis will not necessarily develop the condition. Hearing Impairment from Otosclerosis Medical Treatment There is no local treatment to the ear itself or any medication that will improve hearing in persons with otosclerosis. In some cases, medication might prevent further nerve hearing loss. A medication known as Florical (8.3mg sodium fluoride and 364mg of calcium carbonate) is sometimes prescribed to prevent further nerve hearing loss. This medication slows down the abnormal bone growth and can eventually stop the growth of otosclerosis. The optimal dosage of Florical is 1 capsule two times daily with meals. Ideally, this medication should be taken for two years. After two years, the hearing level, the degree of tinnitus, and the severity of imbalance are reevaluated. If these conditions have stabilized, the Florical may be discontinued or the dosage reduced. Florical should be avoided during pregnancy.

58. Otosclerosis otosclerosis is a hereditary disease that produces an abnormal growth of When otosclerosis spreads to the cochlea, nerve function is disrupted and a http://www.hei.org/hearhealth/diseases/otosclerosis.htm

Otosclerosis Otosclerosis is a hereditary disease that produces an abnormal growth of spongy bone in the temporal bone surrounding the middle ear. The bone growth immobilizes the stapes and prevents it from efficiently transmitting sound vibrations to the inner ear. This condition may be corrected by means of a surgical procedure called a stapedectomy When otosclerosis spreads to the cochlea, nerve function is disrupted and a permanent sensorineural hearing loss may result. © House Ear Institute

59. Otosclerosis CHC Wausau Hospital s Medical Library and Patient Education Center providesresearch services and healthcare information to physicians, http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00059330.html

Main Search Index Definition Description Causes ... Resources Otosclerosis Definition Otosclerosis is an excessive growth in the bones of the middle ear which interferes with the transmission of sound. Description The middle ear consists of the eardrum and a chamber which contains three bones called the hammer, the anvil, and the stirrup (or stapes). Sound waves passing through the ear cause the ear drum to vibrate. This vibration is transmitted to the inner ear by the three bones. In the inner ear, the vibrations are changed into impulses which are carried by the nerves, to the brain. If excessive bone growth interferes with the stapes ability to vibrate and transmit sound waves, hearing loss will result. Otosclerosis is classified as a conductive disorder because it involves the bones of the ear, which conduct the sound to the nerve. If a person has hearing loss classified as neural, the nerve conducting the impulses to the brain is involved. Otosclerosis is hereditary. Acquired illness and accidents have no relationship to its development. The primary symptom of otosclerosis is loss of hearing. In addition, many people experience

60. Otosclerosis (May 1996) otosclerosis is a primary disease of the ossicles and otic capsule, 1890Katz- first to find microscopic evidence of otosclerosis resulting in stapes http://www.utmb.edu/otoref/Grnds/otoscler.htm

TITLE: OTOSCLEROSIS SOURCE: Dept. of Otolaryngology, UTMB, Grand Rounds DATE: May 22, 1996 RESIDENT PHYSICIAN: Gregory Young, M.D. SERIES EDITOR: Francis B. Quinn, Jr., M.D. Return to Grand Rounds Index "This material was prepared by resident physicians in partial fulfillment of educational requirements established for the Postgraduate Training Program of the UTMB Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery and was not intended for clinical use in its present form. It was prepared for the purpose of stimulating group discussion in a conference setting. No warranties, either express or implied, are made with respect to its accuracy, completeness, or timeliness. The material does not necessarily reflect the current or past opinions of members of the UTMB faculty and should not be used for purposes of diagnosis or treatment without consulting appropriate literature sources and informed professional opinion." Introduction Otosclerosis is a primary disease of the ossicles and otic capsule, in which endochondral bone is replaced with periosteal bone over a period of several years. This process results in a more porous and less dense bone, which has led many to prefer the term "otospongiosis". The most common site involved, or "site of predilection" is just anterior to the oval window niche. A focus of disease in this area may result in a conductive hearing loss due to stapes fixation. A sensorineural component of hearing loss is not uncommon, and is thought to be due to ototoxic enzymes released into the cochlea. The disease is usually subclinical, with only 10% of patients with microscopic evidence of the disease ever developing symptoms.1 The inherence pattern is autosomal dominant, with variable penetrance.

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