1. Otosclerosis [NIDCD Health Information] The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)offers a profile of the disease, symptoms, and treatment options. http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/otosclerosis.asp

Change text size: S M L Home ... Hearing, Ear Infections, and Deafness Otosclerosis On this page: What Is Otosclerosis? How Do We Hear? How Does Otosclerosis Cause Hearing Impairment? What Causes Otosclerosis? ... Where Can I Get Additional Information? What is otosclerosis? Otosclerosis is the abnormal growth of bone of the middle ear. This bone prevents structures within the ear from working properly and causes hearing loss. For some people with otosclerosis, the hearing loss may become severe. Top How do we hear? Hearing is a series of events in which the ear converts sound waves into electrical signals and causes nerve impulses to be sent to the brain where they are interpreted as sound. The ear has three main parts: the outer, middle, and inner ear. Sound waves enter through the outer ear and reach the middle ear, where they cause the ear drum to vibrate. The vibrations are transmitted through three tiny bones in the middle ear called the ossicles. These three bones are named the malleus, incus, and stapes (and are also known as the hammer, anvil, and stirrup). The ear drum and ossicles carry the vibrations to the inner ear. The stirrup transmits the vibrations through the oval window and into the fluid that fills the inner ear. The vibrations move through fluid in the snail-shaped hearing part of the inner ear ( cochlea ) that contains the hair cells. The fluid in the cochlea moves the top of the hair cells, which initiates the changes that lead to the production of the nerve impulses. These nerve impulses are carried to the brain, where they are interpreted as sound. Different sounds stimulate different parts of the inner ear, allowing the brain to distinguish among various sounds, for example, different vowel and consonant sounds.

2. Otosclerosis Jeffrey P. Harris provides an illustrated guide to the condition that includessymptoms and diagnostic information. http://www-surgery.ucsd.edu/ent/PatientInfo/info_otosclerosis.html

Find a Doctor Index of Patient Information Clinic Maps and Directions Otosclerosis Jeffrey P. Harris, M.D., Ph.D. What is Otosclerosis? Otosclerosis is a condition of the middle ear which causes hearing loss that gets worse over time. Unlike hearing loss resulting from damage to the inner ear, the hearing loss from otosclerosis is often reversible. The name otosclerosis comes from the Greek words for "hard" ( scler-o ) "ear" ( oto ). This is because otosclerosis is a disorder which causes a hardening of the bones of the middle ear. To understand why otosclerosis causes hearing loss, it is important to understand how the ear works. The human ear is divided into three parts: the external, middle, and inner ear. The external ear consists of the part of the ear you can see (the auricle ) and the ear canal. The middle ear includes the eardrum ( tympanic membrane ) and the three bones of the middle ear, the malleus ("hammer"), incus ("anvil"), and the stapes (pronounced STAY-PEAZ, "the stirrup"). The inner ear is a fluid-filled series of chambers. One of these chambers, the

3. Otosclerosis otosclerosis is a degenerative disease of ear bone in which the consistency ofthe soundconducting bones changes from hard, mineralized bone to spongy, http://www.entcolumbia.org/otoscler.htm

Otosclerosis What is Otosclerosis? Otosclerosis is a disease of ear bone degeneration that most commonly develops during the teen or early adult years. In otosclerosis, the consistency of the sound-conducting bones of the ear changes from hard, mineralized bone to spongy, immature bone tissue (otosclerosis is sometimes called otospongiosis for this reason). Such degeneration can cause a buildup of excess bone tissue around the stapes (a bone in the middle ear), which in turn causes the stapes to become fixed. This immobilization prevents the stapes from vibrating as it normally does while processing sound. When sound is prevented from being conducted to the inner ear, a person experiences a conductive hearing loss . In otosclerosis the nerve associated with hearing may also be affected, causing sensorineural hearing loss . The cause of nerve damage associated with otosclerosis is not fully understood, but may occur because of toxic enzymes released into the cochlea. If hearing loss is caused by both conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, it is called mixed hearing loss What Causes Otosclerosis?

4. Otosclerosis An article provided by the Department of Otolaryngology HealthRelated Libraryat the University of Minnesota. Find background information on the condition, http://www.med.umn.edu/otol/library/otoscler.htm

Department of Otolaryngology Health-Related Library What Is Otosclerosis? Otosclerosis is an abnormal, microscopic growth of bone in the walls of the inner ear which causes the stapes bone, commonly called the "stirrup", to become frozen in place or "fixed". Normally the stapes, the smallest bone in the body, vibrates freely to allow the transmission of sound into the inner ear. When it becomes cemented to the surrounding bone it prevents sound waves from reaching the inner ear fluids, and hearing is impaired. Normally sound, which consists of vibrations of air molecules, is funneled by the auricle, or "outer ear", through the ear canal to the eardrum. Movements of the eardrum are transferred to the ossicles, and the stapes vibrates in and out of the oval window. The vibration of the stapes sets up a movement of the inner ear fluids. This, in turn, stimulates the fine sense organs of the inner ear, which then stimulate the nerve of hearing which carries the sound energy to the brain. It is this sequence of events that results in normal hearing. Occasionally the otosclerotic bone involves other structures of the inner ear so that, in addition to preventing sound from entering the ear, it causes a distortion or difficulty in understanding the speech of others, regardless of how loudly they talk. This is because the nerves of the inner ear have become affected. In such cases there is not only the "conductive" deafness already discussed, whereby sound waves are obstructed in reaching the inner ear, but in addition, "sensorineural" or "nerve" deafness, in which the function of the inner ear itself has been impaired.

5. Otosclerosis Bobby R. Alford describes epidemiologic considerations and the etiology of thedisease. Offers information on audiometry, treatment options and includes http://www.bcm.edu/oto/otologyprimer/otosclerosis/Otosclerosis.html

Otosclerosis Epidemiologic considerations Incidence: 10% of all temporal bones show histologic evidence, only 1% of Caucasians manifests this disease. (1:10 histologic to clinical ratio) 90% of patients have bilateral disease. Age: most often between 30 to 50 years of age, rare in children. In the caucasian population the prevalence is 0.3% of the general population and 5% of those with hearing loss. These numbers for prevalence and incidence have been confirmed in a number of studies in different countries.[1-7] Etiology Approximately 70% of otosclerosis cases have a hereditary basis. The remaining 30% of cases occur sporadically. In hereditary cases, inheritance is autosomal dominant, with a penetrance of 25% to 40%. The mechanism is speculative, although autosomal recessive inheritance, spontaneous mutation, and nongenetic causes are possible.[8] Extrinsic and intrinsic mechanical stresses, vasomotor imbalance, ground substance abnormalities, and infection have all been proposed as etiologies for otosclerosis.[9-11] History Gradual hearing loss over months or years is the major symptom in otosclerosis. This pattern is consistent with the histologic findings. Fixation may progress to become complete, resulting in a maximum conductive hearing loss of 50 to 60db.[12, 13]

6. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Otosclerosis Illustrated guide features symptoms, alternative names, causes, incidence, and risk factors. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001036.htm

@import url(/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Otosclerosis Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Calling your health care provider Illustrations Ear anatomy Alternative names Return to top Otospongiosis Definition Return to top Otosclerosis is an abnormal bone growth in the middle ear that causes hearing loss Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Otosclerosis is an inherited disorder involving the growth of abnormal spongy bone in the middle ear. This growth prevents the stapes (stirrup bone) from vibrating in response to sound waves, thus leading to progressive (worsening over time) hearing loss. Otosclerosis is the most frequent cause of middle ear hearing loss in young adults, affecting about 10% of the population of the US. Otosclerosis usually affects both ears, and is most commonly seen in women aged 15-30. Risks include pregnancy (which may trigger onset) and a family history of hearing loss. Caucasians are more susceptible than others to otosclerosis. Symptoms Return to top hearing loss slow, progressive

7. Otosclerosis Information about an ear disese which impairs hearing and causes dizziness. http://www.tchain.com/otoneurology/disorders/hearing/otoscler.html

OTOSCLEROSIS Timothy C. Hain, MD and Alan Micco, MD Please read our . Last updated: July 14, 2004 Goto online hearing screener (Handtronix site) Back to the index Search this site Figure 1. Cross section of ear. Otosclerosis involves the small bones of the middle ear, the malleus (2), the incus (3) and the stapes (4), as well as the bone that surrounds the inner ear, which is called the otic capsule. Otosclerosis is a disease of the bones of the inner ear. These are labeled the malleus, incus and stapes (2-4) in figure 1, and are also known in aggregate as the "ossicles". The ossicles become knit together into an immovable mass, and do not transmit sound as well as when they are more flexible. An illustration of one form of this called "stapes fixation" is shown in figure 2. Otosclerosis can also affect the other ossicles (malleus and incus) and the otic capsule the bone that surrounds the inner ear. Figure 2. Stapes fixation in otosclerosis. A bony ankylosis (knee) knits the bone of the middle ear to the stapes, preventing normal transmission of sound from the eardrum into the inner ear. Otosclerosis is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern with variable penetrance. This means that you have a 50-50% chance of getting the gene for otosclerosis if one parent has it, but that not everyone with the gene develop symptoms. Hearing loss usually begins between the ages of 11-30. The hearing loss can be of two types. When otosclerosis involves the small bones of the middle ear, a

8. House Clinic - Hearing Disorders - Otosclerosis Article details background information on the condition and provides a description of drug and surgery treatment options. http://www.houseearclinic.com/otosclerosis.htm

GIVE YOUR EARS A REST! Exposure to even everyday sounds like music can impact the clarity of your hearing. Protect your hearing by avoiding extended exposure to loud sound. Acoustic Neuroma (Acoustic Tumor) Dizziness Hearing Loss Eustachian Tube Problems ... Children's Hearing Problems HEARING DISORDERS - OTOSCLEROSIS Hearing Impairment from Otosclerosis Tinnitus with Otosclerosis Treatment of Otosclerosis The Stapes Operation - Stapedectomy Otosclerosis is an abnormal, microscopic growth of bone in the walls of the inner ear. This abnormal growth causes the stapes bone (also called the "stirrup") to become immobile or "fixed". Normally the stapes vibrates freely to allow the transmission of sound to the inner ear, but when it cannot move, it prevents sound waves from reaching the inner ear fluids, and hearing is impaired. Otosclerotic bone sometimes involves other structures of the inner ear, thereby affecting the nerves of the inner ear. When this occurs it also causes a distortion or difficulty in understanding the speech of others, regardless of how loudly they talk. Otosclerosis affects only the ears and usually involves both ears. It occurs in men and women with almost equal frequency and usually begins in the teens or early twenties. Although otosclerosis tends to run in families, there is no pattern to its heredity.

9. Otosclerosis & Stapedectomy otosclerosis stapedectomy with many links and a summary for each link.Excellent research and information site. http://www.audiologynet.com/otosclerosis-stapedectomy.html

AudiologyNet Audiology Information for the Masses Otosclerosis Otosclerosis ...Ear Surgery Information Center Excellent site that has a computer generated slide show of the actual procedure. It takes a few reviews of the slides to understand what everything actually represents. FAQ's about Otosclerosis ... New York Eye and Ear Infirmary Nice site that answers common questions people have about the pathology. Otosclerosis ... Department of Otolaryngology Learn the types of otosclerosis, surgical procedures and possible complications in surgery. Otosclerosis ...Hereditary Hearing Impairment Resource Registry Good site that has really good information and also looks at the genetic background of the pathology. Boystown National Research Hospital Good web site about information on this topic. National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Very nice explaination of Otosclerosis and the different treatments.Check this web site out for a good overview. UCSD Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Good pictures and images to explain this topic Stapendectomy Issues in Stapedectomy ... Grand Rounds

10. MEI: Otosclerosis Patient Brochure Information on the disorder and treatment provided by the Michigan Ear Institute. Includes a discussion of the cochlear and stapedia forms of the disease. http://www.michiganear.com/library/brochures/otosclerosis/

OTOSCLEROSIS Your hearing impairment is caused by otosclerosis, a disease of the middle ear bones. Otosclerosis is a common cause of hearing impairment and is hereditary. Someone in earlier generations of your family had the condition and passed it down to you. Similarly, your descendants may inherit this tendency from you, although the hearing impairment may not manifest itself for a generation or two. Being hereditary, diseases such as scarlet fever, ear infection, measles and influenza have no relationship to the development of otosclerosis. FUNCTION OF THE NORMAL EAR The ear is divided into three parts: the external ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. The external ear collects sound, the middle ear mechanism transforms the sound and the inner ear receives and transmits the sound. Sound vibrations enter the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. Movements of the eardrum are transmitted across the middle ear to the inner ear fluids by three small ear bones. These middle ear bones (hammer or malleus, anvil or incus and stirrup or stapes) act as a transformer changing sound vibrations in air into fluid waves in the inner ear. The fluid waves stimulate delicate nerve endings in the hearing canals. Electrical impulses are transmitted on the nerve to the brain where they are interpreted as understandable sound. TYPES OF HEARING IMPAIRMENT The external ear and the middle ear conduct sound; the inner ear receives it. If there is some difficulty in the external or middle ear, a conductive hearing impairment occurs. If the trouble lies in the inner ear, a sensorineural or nerve hearing impairment is the result. When there is difficulty in both the middle and the inner ear a mixed or combined impairment exists. Mixed impairments are common in otosclerosis.

11. MEEI-Otosclerosis The Massachusetts Ear and Eye Infirmary provides an illustrated guide to the condition and discusses surgical treatment options and information about success rates. http://www.meei.harvard.edu/shared/oto/otoscler.php

Find a Disease/Condition Employment Contact Us Site Map The menu has downgraded. It is at the bottom of this page. home > otolaryngology department > otosclerosis Otosclerosis Otosclerosis is an abnormal, microscopic growth of bone in the walls of the inner ear which causes the stapes bone, commonly called the "stirrup," to become frozen in place or "fixed." Normally the stapes, the smallest bone in the body, vibrates freely to allow the transmission of sound into the inner ear. When it becomes fixed to the surrounding bone, it prevents sound waves from reaching the inner ear fluids and thus hearing is impaired. What is otosclerosis? In a normal ear, sound which consists of vibrations of air molecules is funneled by the auricle, or "outer ear," through the ear canal to the ear drum. Movements of the ear drum are transferred to the ossicles, the small bones of the middle ear, and the stapes vibrates in and out of the oval window. The vibration of the stapes sets up a movement of the inner ear fluids. This, in tum, stimulates the fine sense organs of the inner ear which then stimulate the auditory (hearing) nerve which carries the sound energy to the brain. It is this sequence of events that results in normal hearing. How is otosclerosis treated?

12. Fact Sheet: What You Should Know About Otosclerosis Find out more about otosclerosis, a hardening of the bones in the middle ear. http://www.entnet.org/healthinfo/hearing/otosclerosis.cfm

ENT LINK ENT Health Information Hearing Fact Sheet: What you should know about otosclerosis Fact Sheet: What you should know about otosclerosis What Is Otosclerosis? The term otosclerosis is derived from the Greek words for "hard" ( scler-o ) and "ear" ( oto ). It describes a condition of abnormal growth in the tiny bones of the middle ear, which leads to a fixation of the stapes bone. The stapes bone must move freely for the ear to work properly and hear well. Hearing is a complex process. In a normal ear, sound vibrations are funneled by the outer ear into the ear canal where they hit the ear drum. These vibrations cause movement of the ear drum that transfers to the three small bones of the middle ear, the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup). When the stapes bone moves, it sets the inner ear fluids in motion, which, in turn, start the process to stimulate the auditory (hearing) nerve. The hearing nerve then carries sound energy to the brain, resulting in hearing of sound. When any part of this process is compromised, hearing is impaired. Who Gets Otosclerosis And Why?

13. Emory Healthcare: Otosclerosis Michelle Badash provides a brief definition of the condition and discusses causes and risk factors. Features information on diagnostics, treatment and prevention. http://www.emoryhealthcare.org/HealthGate/11639.html

Home Find a Physician Departments Facilities ... Ways to Give Search: Patient/Visitor Guide About Us For Physicians News/Media ... Ways to Give "U.S." News Ranks Emory University Hospital Among Nation's Best Hospitals In Seven Specialties Click Here for More.... Audiology Otosclerosis (Otospongiosis) Pronounced: ot-oh-scle-ROW-sis by Michelle Badash, MS Definition Otosclerosis occurs when abnormal new bone forms in the inner ear. This growth prevents proper functioning of other ear structures. This condition is a common cause of hearing loss. Causes The cause of otosclerosis is still unknown. However, otosclerosis tends to run in families, and may be hereditary. Otosclerosis has also been linked to hormonal changes and viral infections. Risk Factors A risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting a disease or condition. Risk factors for otosclerosis include: Age: Late teens through late 40s Family history of otosclerosis Sex: Female Race: Caucasian or Asian Drinking non-fluoridated water: Some studies suggest that non-fluoridated water may cause a susceptible person to develop otosclerosis Pregnancy: may accelerate symptoms Symptoms Gradual hearing loss is the main symptom of otosclerosis. Hearing loss may be of two types:

14. Otosclerosis Provides an overview of the disorder and offers information on treatment regimesand possible post operative complications. http://depts.washington.edu/hearing/otosclerosis.html

V. M. Bloedel Hearing Research Center Home UNDERSTANDING OTOSCLEROSIS Otosclerosis is a common cause of conductive hearing loss in adults. Hearing may be improved with hearing aids or surgery. Surgery has been used since the 1960s and surgical techniques have steadily improved. Modern stapes surgery restores hearing in most cases without complications. Introduction Types of Hearing Loss Treatment of Otosclerosis The Stapes Operation ... Complications Following Stapedectomy Introduction Otosclerosis is the most common cause of conductive hearing loss in adults. It is a disorder of the bone that surrounds the inner ear. At first, the new otosclerotic bone causes no symptoms but if the new bone grows into the oval window opening and prevents the stapes from vibrating normally, hearing loss develops. As the new bone grows, the hearing loss worsens. Fortunately, hearing loss occurs in only 10% of people with otosclerosis, and profound hearing loss or deafness is not common. Otosclerosis is a hereditary condition in which the measles virus may play a role. Someone from an earlier generation in your family may have had the condition unknowingly and passed it down to you. Similarly, your descendants may inherit this tendency to develop otosclerosis from you. Hearing loss may not occur in all generations.

15. Otosclerosis OTORRHINOLARYNGOLOGY-MEDSTUDENTS Christiane Ribeiro Anias profiles the condition and offers information on the course and prognosis of treatment regimes. http://www.medstudents.com.br/otor/otor6.htm

OTORRHINOLARYNGOLOGY CHRISTIANE RIBEIRO ANIAS Medstudents' Homepage Otosclerosis I) Introduction Otosclerosis is one of the most common causes of conductive hearing loss. It is a disease of the bone labyrinthine capsule which consists of one or more otospongiotics focus due of a more vascularized bone, instead of the little vascularized encodral bone. II) Etiology The etiology of this disease is still unknown and appears to have a multifactorial cause. There is a familial disposition in 50% to 60% of patients with a dominant inheritance, but the clinical disease only occurs in 10% of patients with histologic disease. The chance of inheriting the disease from a parent which clinically manifest disease is about 20% and from a parent with histologic disease is about 10%. Hormonal disturbances may be involved with the disease, as it is twice more common in women than in men and pregnancy coincides with a period of progression of all female patients with the disease. III) Clinical Manifestation Otosclerosis occurs more often in women, from 20-40 years, and is usually bilateral. If the otosclerotic focus involves the footplate of the stapes it results in increase of the impedance to the passage of sound through the ossicular chain, producing conductive hearing loss.When otosclerotic lesions impring the coclear, permanent sensory hearing loss occurs.

16. Otosclerosis Offers a brief description of the disorder, symptoms and treatment options providedby About.com. Find links to articles and related resources. http://deafness.about.com/cs/etiology/a/otosclerosis.htm

var zLb=7; var zIoa2 = new Array('Suggested Reading','Medical Causes of Hearing Loss','http://deafness.about.com/cs/etiology/index.htm','ADAM Healthcare Center: Otosclerosis','http://adam.about.com/encyclopedia/001036.htm','Cholesteatoma','http://deafness.about.com/od/diseasesandsyndromes/a/cholesteatoma.htm'); var zIoa3 = new Array('Other','Comments? Questions?','http://deafness.about.com/library/blmail.htm','Current Features on Deafness and Hearing Loss','http://deafness.about.com/library/weekly/mpreviss.htm','Articles by Topic','http://deafness.about.com/library/weekly/topicmenu.htm'); zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a55' About Deafness / Hard of Hearing Hearing Loss Basics Medical Causes ... Diseases and Syndromes Otosclerosis Deafness Essentials Sign Language Word Reference Guide Famous or Historic Deaf People ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Deafness / Hard of Hearing newsletter!

17. Otosclerosis Rachel Waits offers a history of the condition and information on prevention and treatment. Includes a discussion of the physical, emotional, and psychological distress caused by the disease. http://hubel.sfasu.edu/courseinfo/SL99/otosclerosis.html

Otosclerosis by Rachel Waits Hearing serves a very important function in our lives. Much of the time, it is taken for granted. We tend not to appreciate it, until it starts to fail. There are many disorders that can cause a difficulty in hearing and hearing loss. One such disorder is otosclerosis. This disorder deserves a significant amount of research. Not only because we are dependent on our sense of hearing, but because its effects are far reaching. So much so, that it is hard to comprehend how we could ever live without it. It has even been said that Beethoven had otosclerosis. Toward the end of his career, he could not even hear his own music (Goldstein, 1999). Its effects are devastating and are well worth studying. Otosclerosis is a middle-ear disorder. The hearing loss is usually conductive, affecting the bones in the middle ear that conduct sound to the inner ear. This conductive hearing loss is caused by the growth of a spongy bone-like tissue that prevents the ossicles (bones of the middle ear) from moving well. One of the first signs is a small growth of the tissue in the middle ear. This is often in front of the oval window, which separates the middle ear from the inner ear. This can begin in early childhood or adolescence. The tissue may grow rapidly and become hard. The bone tissue grows over the stapes ossicle attaching it to the oval window. At first, hearing loss occurs in the low frequencies. High frequencies are affected next, followed by the loss of hearing in the middle frequencies. Otosclerosis usually begins in one ear, but the other ear often develops it as well (Otosclerosis, 1998).

18. Otosclerosis (otospongiosis) Outline written by Jeffrey D. Wolfrey summarizes information on genetics, incidence rates in the US, and causes. Includes references cited. http://www.5mcc.com/Assets/SUMMARY/TP0651.html

Otosclerosis (otospongiosis) DESCRIPTION: A primary bone dyscrasia involving the otic capsule. It is the leading cause of conductive hearing loss in adults. Histologic otosclerosis: Asymptomatic form in which abnormal bone spares vital structures of the ear Clinical otosclerosis: Abnormal spongy bone involves ossicular chain or other structures leading to altered physiology System(s) affected: Nervous Genetics: 60% of those affected give positive family history Appears to be transmitted by autosomal dominant gene with variable penetrance Incidence/Prevalence in USA: 4-8% among Caucasians; 1% among African-Americans (histologic form) Caucasians 5000/100,000; Blacks 1000/100,000 (histologic form) Predominant age: Clinical onset usually in early 20's. Peak incidence fourth and fifth decades. Predominant sex: CAUSES: Unknown; fluoride metabolism felt by some authorities to play a role in etiology ICD-9-CM: 387.9 Otosclerosis, unspecified SEE ALSO: Hearing loss REFERENCES: Weber PC, Klein AJ. Hearing loss. Med Clin North Am 1999;83(1):125-37 Author(s): Jeffrey D. Wolfrey, MD

19. Page Not Found - Boys Town National Research Hospital A description of this common cause of hearing loss in adults. A discussion of how people are affected, hearing loss progression and the causes. http://www.boystownhospital.org/parents/info/genetics/otos.asp

@import "/css/complex.css"; This site was designed for more recent browsers, but it is accessible to any browser or Internet device. To view the site correctly please update your browser. Click here for a list of more recent browsers. Each year thousands of children with hearing loss and disorders affecting their communication abilities come to Omaha from across the U.S. for care and treatment at Boys Town National Research Hospital. @import "/css/rightcol.css"; What's New Contact Us Pediatrics Surgery Center ... Donate by Mail Page Not Found Sorry, we couldn't find the page you were looking for: http://www.boystownhospital.org/parents/info/genetics/otos.asp We have recently redesigned our Web site and tt has either been moved or deleted. Please use the navigation on the right side of this page to find what you were looking for. You may also search for your page using the form below. Search the Web Site: Search On : All Words Any Words Phrase Searched documents in total.

20. Otosclerosis What Is otosclerosis? otosclerosis is an abnormal, microscopic growth of bone in the walls of the inner ear which causes the stapes bone, commonly http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 1     1-20 of 111    1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | Next 20