Geometry.Net - the online learning center
Home  - Health_Conditions - Osteomalacia
e99.com Bookstore
  
Images 
Newsgroups
Page 2     21-40 of 109    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | Next 20
A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z  

         Osteomalacia:     more books (31)
  1. A case of osteomalacia treated with much benefit by bone marrow: Substance of a paper read before the North of England branch of the British Medical Society at Hexham on October 8, 1895 by T. M Allison, 1896
  2. Notes on osteo-malacia bone-chewing. Being results of the examination of soils, herbage, &c., from affected areas, carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Agriculture, New South Wales
  3. Pseudofractures (Hunger Osteopathy, Late Rickets, Osteomalacia) by Louis Arthur MILKMAN, 1930
  4. Osteomalacia, with special reference to its ætiology and treatment ; and, Osteomalacia carcinomatosa by James D Ritchie, 1896
  5. Osteomalacia - A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide by ICON Health Publications,
  6. Idiopathic steatorrhoea (Gee's Disease): A nutritional disturbance associated with tetany, osteomalacia and anaemia by Izod Bennett, 1932
  7. Observations on osteomalacia in the zoological collections of Manchester and Cleveland; by Thomas Wingate Todd, 1913
  8. Osteomalacia of Primates in Captivity: A Clinical and Pathological Study of "Cag by Harlow & W. Reid Blair Brooks, 1905-01-01
  9. RICKETS INCLUDING OSTEOMALACIA AND TETANY by Alfred F. Hess, 1929-01-01
  10. Osteomalacia, or creeps, in cattle (United States. Bureau of Animal Industry. Circular) by V. T Atkinson, 1905
  11. Osteomalacia: With special relation to its aetiology and treatment ; and, Osteomalacia carcinomatosa : the former read in abstract before the Edinburgh ... Society of Edinburgh, 1st July 1896 by James Ritchie, 1896
  12. Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine: Vitamin D deficiency by Tom Brody PhD, 2002-01-01
  13. Vitamin D Deficiency: An entry from Gale's <i>Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed.</i> by Tom, PhD Brody, 2006
  14. Bulletin, Issues 190-215 by Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, 2009-10-13

21. EMedicine - Osteomalacia And Renal Osteodystrophy Article By
osteomalacia and Renal Osteodystrophy osteomalacia is characterized by incomplete mineralization of normal osteoid tissue following closure of the
http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

22. THE MERCK MANUAL OF GERIATRICS, Ch. 49, Metabolic Bone Disease
osteomalacia (analogous to rickets in children) is relatively rare in the One form of hypophosphatemic osteomalacia is associated with mesenchymal
http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmg/sec7/ch49/ch49d.jsp

23. AllRefer Health - Osteomalacia
osteomalacia information center covers causes, prevention, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, incidence, risk factors, signs, tests, support groups
http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

24. Osteomalacia -- ECureMe.com
UPDATED SARS INFORMATION,Check health symptoms, make a self diagnosis, ask a doctor or veterinarian online, view an encyclopedia of diseases treatments,
http://www.ecureme.com/emyhealth/data/Osteomalacia.asp
DisplayAd("468","60"); eCureMe Life : Your Healthy Living. Click Here! Welcome, eCureMe.com Select a Health Topic ADD/ADHD Allergy Alternative Medicine Arthritis Asthma Beyond Dieting Body Aches and Pains Breast Cancer Cancer Awareness Cardio Health Children's Health Colon Cancer Contraception COPD/Emphysema Dental Health Diabetes Elder Care Emergency Room Epilepsy Erectile Dysfunction Eye Care Fertility Fitness Gastrointestinal Health Glands and Hormones Gynecologic Health Hair Loss Headache Healthcare Today Healthy Aging HIV and AIDS Infectious Diseases Kidney Health Leukemia Liver Health Lung Cancer Lymphoma Multiple Sclerosis Men's Health Mental Health Nutrition Osteoporosis Parkinson's Disease Sexual Health Skin Health Sleep Disorders Special Events Stroke Surgeries and Procedures Teen Health Thyroid Health Urologic Health Vascular Disease Women's Health Workplace Health September 9, 2005 eCureMe Life Medical Supplies Calorie Count Physician Search ... Hospital Directory
Osteomalacia
more about Osteomalacia

Vitamin D deficiency or rickets
  • Vitamin D plays a crucial role in Calcium and Phosphorus absorption in the intestine. It is very important to the formation of healthy bones.

25. Symptoms Of Osteomalacia - WrongDiagnosis.com
Symptoms of osteomalacia including signs, symptoms, incubation period, duration, and correct diagnosis.
http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

26. ► Osteomalacia
A medical encycopedia article on the topic osteomalacia.
http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/000376.htm
var MenuLinkedBy='AllWebMenus [2]', awmBN='530'; awmAltUrl=''; Disease Nutrition Surgery Symptoms Injury ... Z Maryland Medical Center Programs Department of Orthopaedics
Home
Medical Reference Encyclopedia (English)
Toggle English Spanish
Osteomalacia
Overview Symptoms Treatment Prevention Definition:
Osteomalacia involves softening of the bones caused by a deficiency of vitamin D or problems with the metabolism of this vitamin.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: There are numerous causes of osteomalacia. In children, the condition is called rickets and is usually caused by a deficiency of vitamin D . Conditions that may lead to osteomalacia include inadequate dietary intake of vitamin D, inadequate exposure to sunlight (ultraviolet radiation), which produces vitamin D in the body and malabsorption of vitamin D by the intestines. Other conditions that can cause osteomalacia include hereditary or acquired disorders of vitamin D metabolism kidney failure and acidosis ; phosphate depletion associated with low dietary intake of phosphates; kidney disease or cancer (rare), and side effects of medications used to treat

27. Introduction: Osteomalacia - WrongDiagnosis.com
Introduction to osteomalacia as a medical condition including symptoms, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis.
http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/o/osteomalacia/intro.htm
Home Symptoms Diseases Risks ... Diseases Search our medical database
Subscribe to our free Newsletter
sample
Send this page to a friend
Condition Lists

By Organ

By Symptom

By Class

By Prevalence
...
List A-Z

Current chapter:
Osteomalacia
Next sections Basic Summary for Osteomalacia Causes of Osteomalacia Symptoms of Osteomalacia Diagnostic Tests for Osteomalacia ... Complications of Osteomalacia Next chapters: Vitamin A overdose Niacin overdose Folate deficiency Vitamin B deficiency ... Feedback
Introduction: Osteomalacia
Osteomalacia: Weak bone disease from vitamin D deficiency in adults Researching symptoms of Osteomalacia: Further information about the symptoms of Osteomalacia is available including a list of symptoms of Osteomalacia , other diseases that might have similar symptoms in differential diagnosis of Osteomalacia , or alternatively return to research other symptoms in the symptom center Misdiagnosis and Osteomalacia: Research more detailed information about misdiagnosis of Osteomalacia underlying causes of Osteomalacia (possibly misdiagnosed), or research misdiagnosis of other diseases Treatments for Osteomalacia: Various information is available about treatments available for Osteomalacia , or research treatments for other diseases.

28. Statistics About Osteomalacia - WrongDiagnosis.com
Statistics about osteomalacia as a medical condition including prevalence, incidence, death rates, and social and hospital statistics.
http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/o/osteomalacia/stats.htm
Home Symptoms Diseases Risks ... Osteomalacia Search our medical database
Subscribe to our free Newsletter
sample
Send this page to a friend
Condition Lists

By Organ

By Symptom

By Class

By Prevalence
...
List A-Z

Current chapter:
Osteomalacia
Next sections Hospital Statistics for Osteomalacia Glossary for Osteomalacia Next chapters: Vitamin A overdose Niacin overdose Folate deficiency Vitamin B deficiency ... Feedback
Statistics about Osteomalacia
About statistics: This page presents a variety of statistics about Osteomalacia. The term 'prevalence' of Osteomalacia usually refers to the estimated population of people who are managing Osteomalacia at any given time. The term 'incidence' of Osteomalacia refers to the annual diagnosis rate, or the number of new cases of Osteomalacia diagnosed each year. Hence, these two statistics types can differ: a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence, but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence. For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics Society statistics for Osteomalacia Hospitalization statistics for Osteomalacia: The following are statistics from various sources about hospitalizations and Osteomalacia:
  • 0.001% (71) of hospital consultant episodes were for adult osteomalacia in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)

29. Spine Inc. - Osteomalacia

http://www.spine-inc.com/glossary/o/osteomalacia.html
Another great site by Com1 UK Please help to offset our advertising costs by visiting one of these sites. When you click, we get a small percentage.
It won't make us rich but every little helps. Thank-you. Gaz
I have.... ?
Ankylosing Spondylitis

Backache

Back Pain

Lower Back Pain
...
Whiplash
What is a ....?
What is a prolapsed/slipped disc.

What is a trapped nerve.

What are discs.
What are vertabra ... What is an MRI scan Questions Asked. Related Diseases and conditions. What does a .... do? Orthopedic Surgeon Chiropraticioner Osteopath Orthotics Consultant ... Ultrasound Operations Discectomy - the treatment of a prolapsed disc. Laminectomy - the laser removal of excess baggage round the Lamina Spinal Fusion BAK Cage Physio Light Exercise Reflexology Hydrotherapy Aromatherapy ... Eletro Therapy - TENS Acupuncture What about sex! Sex and the back And then .... Pregnancy and bad backs A bit of light relief. Acupressure Acupuncture Alexander Technique Aston-Patterning ... Yoga The Forum (Not saying that our Forum isn't great, but if you want to get a Doctor on the case try the forum on

30. Osteomalacia And Rickets
What are the symptoms of osteomalacia and rickets? In osteomalacia there may be widespread bone pains and sometimes muscle weakness. Fractures can occur.
http://www.dundee.ac.uk/medther/tayendoweb/images/osteomalacia_and_rickets.htm

31. Osteomalacia - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
osteomalacia is a disease characterized clinically by a painful softening of osteomalacia is characterized histologically by an abnormally high ratio of
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteomalacia
You did it! Over US$240,000 was donated in the 21 day fund drive. Thank you for your generosity! You are still welcome to make a donation or purchase Wikimedia merchandise
Osteomalacia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Osteomalacia is the painful softening of the bones, usually caused by a definency in vitamin D or calcium. Like osteoporosis , it primarilly afflicts post-menopausual women, although it can also be caused by cadmium poisoning. edit
External links
This medical article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it Retrieved from " http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteomalacia Categories Diseases Medicine stubs Views Personal tools Navigation Search Toolbox

32. Osteomalacia
osteomalacia involves softening of the bones caused by a deficiency of vitamin D or problems with the metabolism of this vitamin.
http://www.healthscout.com/ency/1/000376.html
Search HealthScout Web MEDLINE Special Offers TV Specials Chronic Pain Erectile Dysfunction GERD Diabetes ... High Tech Health Top Features Bipolar Disorder Resources Sleep Skin Cancer Migraines ... Diabetes Health Organizer Resources Healthscout News 3D Health Animations Health Videos Health Encyclopedia ... Drug Library Drug Information Drug Search Drug Interactions Image Database Pill Identifier
Channels Home Today Women Men ... Drug Checker Medical Health Encyclopedia
Osteomalacia
Injury Disease Nutrition Poison ... Prevention
Osteomalacia
Definition: Osteomalacia involves softening of the bones caused by a deficiency of vitamin D or problems with the metabolism of this vitamin.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: There are numerous causes of osteomalacia. In children, the condition is called rickets and is usually caused by a deficiency of vitamin D Conditions that may lead to osteomalacia include:
  • Inadequate dietary intake of vitamin D Inadequate exposure to sunlight (ultraviolet radiation), which produces vitamin D in the body Malabsorption of vitamin D by the intestines
Other conditions that may cause osteomalacia include:
  • Hereditary or acquired disorders of vitamin D metabolism Kidney failure and acidosis Phosphate depletion associated with low dietary intake of phosphates Kidney disease or cancer (rare) Side effects of medications used to treat seizures
Use of very strong sunscreen, limited exposure of the body to sunlight, short days of sunlight, and smog are factors that decrease formation of vitamin D within the body.

33. AllRefer Health - Osteomalacia
osteomalacia information center covers causes, prevention, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, incidence, risk factors, signs, tests, support groups,
http://health.allrefer.com/health/osteomalacia-info.html

AllRefer
Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia
Web health.allrefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Health Osteomalacia
Osteomalacia
Definition Prevention
Treatment

Expectations or Prognosis
...
Go To Main Page
Definition Osteomalacia involves softening of the bones caused by a deficiency of vitamin D or problems with the metabolism of this vitamin.
Diseased Hip There are numerous causes of osteomalacia. In children, the condition is called rickets and is usually caused by a deficiency of vitamin D . Conditions that may lead to osteomalacia include inadequate dietary intake of vitamin D, inadequate exposure to sunlight (ultraviolet radiation), which produces vitamin D in the body and malabsorption of vitamin D by the intestines.

34. AllRefer Health - Rickets (Osteomalacia In Children, Renal Rickets, Vitamin D De
Rickets (osteomalacia in Children, Renal Rickets, Vitamin D Deficiency) information center covers causes, prevention, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment,
http://health.allrefer.com/health/rickets-info.html

AllRefer
Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia
Web health.allrefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Health Rickets
Rickets
Definition Prevention
Treatment

Expectations or Prognosis
...
Go To Main Page
Alternate Names : Osteomalacia in Children, Renal Rickets, Vitamin D Deficiency Definition Rickets is a childhood disorder involving softening and weakening of the bones, primarily caused by lack of vitamin D , calcium, and/or phosphate.
X-Ray Vitamin D may be absorbed from food by the intestines or may be produced by the skin when the skin is exposed to sunlight. In its active form, vitamin D acts as a hormone to regulate calcium absorption from the intestine and to regulate levels of calcium and phosphate in the bones. Sunlight is important to skin production of vitamin D, and environmental conditions where sunlight exposure is limited may reduce this source of vitamin D. Lack of vitamin D production by the skin may occur with indoor confinement or working indoors during the daylight hours, or in climates with little exposure to sunlight.

35. Rickets/Osteomalacia - Vitacost
Rickets is an abnormal bone formation in children resulting from inadequate calcium in their bones.
http://www.vitacost.com/science/hn/Concern/Rickets.htm

My account
View cart / Checkout Help Since 1994 Over 1.5 Million Served! Email us
Enter keyword or item number
Products
Health Library
Clearance
New Products Products Categories ... VitaBlog New!
eNewsletter Archives
Your Right to Privacy
Customer Service Ordering Methods Shipping Information EZShip! 5 Star Guarantee ... Download Order Forms
Still have questions? Talk to one of our friendly customer service representatives using Live Chat
Science
Health Notes Encyclopedia Product Reviews Age Related Macular Degeneration News
News Room eNewsletter Archives Vitacost News Releases Additional Resources Physician's Reference Guide and Discount Program Special Discounts walkerdiet.com drkoop.com ... Join our affiliate program! Healthnotes Index: All Healthnotes Indexes Foodnotes Health Concerns Herbal Remedies Homeopathy Recipes Recipes by Course Recipes by Main Ingredient Recipes International Recipes Seasonal Safetychecker Skin Conditions Special Diets Special Recipes Vitamin Guide Weight Control Health Center Search Healthnotes: Rickets/Osteomalacia
Skip to:
Rickets is an abnormal bone formation in children resulting from inadequate calcium in their bones.

36. EMedicine - Osteomalacia And Renal Osteodystrophy : Article By Mitchell J Kline,
osteomalacia and Renal Osteodystrophy osteomalacia is characterized by incomplete mineralization of normal osteoid tissue following closure of the growth
http://www.emedicine.com/radio/topic500.htm
(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Radiology Musculoskeletal
Osteomalacia and Renal Osteodystrophy
Last Updated: March 8, 2005 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: osteomalacia, renal osteodystrophy AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 10 Author Information Introduction Differentials X-ray ... Bibliography
Author: Mitchell J Kline, MD , Consulting Staff, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Louisville, Clark Memorial and Floyd Memorial Hospitals Mitchell J Kline, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha American College of Radiology American Roentgen Ray Society Radiological Society of North America , and Society of Skeletal Radiology Editor(s): Leon Lenchik, MD , Director, Densitometry Minifellowship, Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University Medical Center; Bernard D Coombs, MBChB, PhD

37. Osteomalacia
osteomalacia is a condition in which the bones become soft. The cause of osteomalacia is not getting
http://my.webmd.com/hw/health_guide_atoz/sto167518.asp
var guid_source = ""; var guid_source_id = ""; //unused var encodedurl = ""; WebMD Today Home
WebMD News Center

XML
News via RSS Member Services
WebMD University

My WebMD

Find a Physician
Medical Info
Check Symptoms

Medical Library

Health Tools

Clinical Trials
... Women, Men, Lifestyle
Who We Are About WebMD Site Map You are in Medical Library Our Content Sources Ask A Question Clinical Trials Health Guide A-Z Health Topics Symptoms Medical Tests Medications ... Support Organizations Osteomalacia Osteomalacia is a condition in which the bones become soft. The cause of osteomalacia is not getting enough vitamin D (vitamin D deficiency). A deficiency in vitamin D leads to the loss of calcium and phosphorus, both of which are necessary for making bones hard and strong. A vitamin D deficiency leading to osteomalacia may be caused by a poor diet (malnutrition) or by a problem with the intestine (such as sprue) that prevents it from absorbing nutrients. Symptoms of osteomalacia include weakness, lack of appetite, weight loss, pain, and bones that fracture easily. Depending on the cause of the condition, treatment may include taking oral supplements of vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus. To back to the top Osteomalacia Previous Next Search the Help Last updated: May 27, 2005

38. CCHS Clinical Digital Library
Chapter 259 osteomalacia and Rickets Access document Miscellaneous osteomalacia/Rickets Defects Clinical Resources
http://cchs-dl.slis.ua.edu/clinical/metabolism/metabolic-bone/osteomalacia.htm
Clinical Resources by Topic: Musculoskeletal Disorders
Osteomalacia/Rickets Clinical Resources
Pediatrics Geriatrics Radiology Pathology ... Miscellaneous Resources See also:

39. Osteomalacia
Rheumatology Bone osteomalacia. Osteoarthropathy, Osteoarthropathy Causes, osteomalacia, Osteoporosis, Osteoporosis Causes, Osteoporosis Evaluation
http://www.fpnotebook.com/RHE4.htm
Home About Links Index ... Editor's Choice document.write(code); Advertisement Rheumatology Bone Assorted Pages Dyschondroplasia Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy Causes Osteomalacia ... Calcaneal Ultrasonography Osteomalacia Book Home Page Cardiovascular Medicine Dentistry Dermatology Emergency Medicine Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatric Medicine Gynecology Hematology and Oncology HIV Infectious Disease Jokes Laboratory Neonatology Nephrology Neurology Obstetrics Ophthalmology Orthopedics Otolaryngology Pediatrics Pharmacology Practice Management Prevention Psychiatry Pulmonology Radiology Rheumatology Sports Medicine Surgery Urology Chapter Rheumatology Index Bone Cardiovascular Medicine Dermatology Diffuse Examination Infectious Disease Intra-Articular Disorders Laboratory General Marfans Myofascial Neurology Osteoarthritis Pain Pediatrics Pharmacology Procedure Radiology RA Spondylitis Symptom Evaluation Page Bone Index Dyschondroplasia Osteoarthropathy Osteoarthropathy Causes Osteomalacia Osteoporosis Osteoporosis Causes Osteoporosis Evaluation Osteoporosis Management Pagets
  • See Also Rickets (defective bone calcification in children) Definition Defective calcification of bone matrix in adults Pathophysiology Defective bone calcification after growth plates close Associated with increased Osteoblast activity Causes Vitamin D Deficiency Renal Tubular Acidosis Vitamin D -Resistant) Symptoms Anorexia and weight loss Muscle Weakness Bone pain Signs Skull, spine and pelvis with deformities
  • 40. Osteomalacia
    osteomalacia osteomalacia And Rickets Signs and symptoms Pain in the bones of your arms, osteomalacia may be suspected on a clinical basis, but
    http://www.health-nexus.com/osteomalacia1.htm
    The #1 Health information site Health-Nexus.Net Health-Nexus.Org Home ... Up Search Health-Nexus for: Match ALL words Match ANY word Email this page to a friend ! Post a question or comment on our Message Board Home Page Health Specialties Health News ... Alternative Health Options Substance Abuse Animal Health Search: Books Magazines Video Keywords: Find it Here
    Osteomalacia
    Osteomalacia Osteomalacia And Rickets Signs and symptoms Pain in the bones of your arms, legs, spine, and pelvis, with actual tenderness of the bones. Click below for larger image Signs and symptoms in children...
    Osteomalacia Osteomalacia Osteomalacia means "soft bones". Osteoid is the bone protein ... abnormalites that can be seen: More about oncogenic osteomalacia. Osteomalacia may be suspected on a clinical basis, but ...
    Osteomalacia hub A brief definition of osteomalacia, followed by links to research articles, overviews, case reports and images ... Osteomalacia hub. Osteomalacia (softening of the bones) is a metabolic bone disease...
    Osteoporosis and Bone Physiology: Osteomalacia ...Cystic Fibrosis Osteomalacia Oncogenic Osteomalacia Renal Osteodystrophy Transplant...Osteoporosis and Bone Physiology Osteomalacia Osteomalacia means...
    Osteomalacia
    Osteomalacia as a Cause of Chronic Pain A case study of a 36-year-old woman presented with a three-year history of bilateral leg and back pain, and proximal leg weakness.

    A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z  

    Page 2     21-40 of 109    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | Next 20

    free hit counter