21. Chronic Illness: Munchausen By Internet: Faking Illness Online For decades, physicians have known about socalled factitious disorder, better known in its severe form as munchausen syndrome (Feldman Ford, 1995). http://www.selfhelpmagazine.com/articles/chronic/faking.html

Seeking the assistance of a therapist can be a difficult process ... MUNCHAUSEN BY INTERNET: FAKING ILLNESS ONLINE by Marc D. Feldman Online Support for People with Illness The Internet is a medium of choice for millions of people who need health-related information. Medical websites have multiplied exponentially over the past several years. Thousands of virtual support groups have sprung up for those suffering from particular illnesses. Whether formatted as chat rooms, as newsgroups, or in other ways, they offer patients and families the chance to share their hopes, fears, and knowledge with others experiencing life as they are. These online groups can counter isolation and serve as bastions of understanding, deep concern, and even affection. Unfortunately, cyberspace resources are sometimes deliberately misused by people intent on deceiving others. False product claims in spam are perhaps the best-known example. But even in the relative intimacy of health support groups, individuals may choose to mislead others by pretending to have illnesses they do not. They divert the attention of the group toward their feigned battles with cancer, multiple sclerosis, anorexia nervosa, or other ailments. The eventual discovery of the deceptions can be devastating. One group member called it "emotional rape" to have cared so deeply about a person who lied to her and others from his first post on. Munchausen by Internet Clues to Detection of False Claims Based on experience with two dozen cases of Munchausen by Internet, I have arrived at a list of clues to the detection of factititous Internet claims. The most important follow:

22. Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy (MSBP) And Attention Seeking Personality Disorders munchausen syndrome (MSBP), factitious disorder, false victims, and centre of attention behaviour. http://www.bullyonline.org/workbully/munchaus.htm

Falsely accused, harassed, ignored, distortion, hate mail, manipulated, deliberate harm? Read this Munchausen Syndrome and Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy (MSBP) Factitious disorder, factitious disorder by proxy Munchausen Syndrome is an attention-seeking personality disorder which is more common than statistics suggest. Munchausen Syndrome, named after a German soldier renowned for exaggerated tales, is a predominantly female disorder in which an emotionally immature person with narcissistic tendencies, low self-esteem and a fragile ego has an overwhelming need to draw attention to herself and to be the centre of attention. In Munchausen Syndrome, this is achieved by capitalising on, exploiting, exaggerating or feigning illness or injury or personal misfortune. The opportunities for being centre of attention can be increased if feigning victimhood through alleged victimisation, isolation, exclusion or persecution is added to the equation; the Munchausen person can then depict another person (often a family member) as a victimiser or persecutor and herself as the victim. Presenting herself as a false victim is also a Munchausen trait. In Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy (MSBP), occasions for being centre of attention are created by deliberately causing illness, injury or harm to others to provide opportunities for rescue and care. Often the MSBP sufferer will work as a nurse, perhaps in a hospital ward for sick children (especially very young babies) or in a home for elderly persons, or with severely handicapped people, or as a care giver. The common thread is a victim whose is vulnerable, whose verbal skills or emotional state or mental condition prevents them from explaining what the MSBP person is doing to them and whose hold on life may already be precarious. Even if the victim survives, they cannot or will not be a witness. Because death amongst these groups occurs normally and is therefore not unusual or unexpected, her activities in causing death may escape notice for years.

23. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 15, Ch. 185, Psychiatry In Medicine munchausen syndrome by proxy is a bizarre variant in which usually a child is used as a Various factitious disorders may resemble munchausen syndrome. http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section15/chapter185/185d.jsp

24. Munchausen Syndrome munchausen syndrome is a type of factitious disorder, a mental illness in which a munchausen syndrome is considered a mental illness because it is http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/2800/2821.asp?index=9833

25. Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSP), a type of factitious disorder, What is the prognosis (outlook) for people with munchausen syndrome? http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/2800/2822.asp?index=9834

26. ASM 15(4); Case Report: Munchausen Syndrome munchausen syndrome is one of the most intriguing of factitious disorders. In this report, we present a case of munchausen syndrome referred as a http://www.kfshrc.edu.sa/annals/154/94280/94280.html

July 1995 Munchausen Syndrome - Presenting as Immunodeficiency: A Case Report and Review of Literature Aamer Aleem , MBBS, MRCP(UK); Dahish S. Ajarim , MD, FRCP(C) Munchausen syndrome is one of the most intriguing of factitious disorders. Doctors working in teaching institutions and medical emergency centers are more likely to come across such patients and these patients can present with so many diverse complaints that doctors and physicians working in all fields of medicine should be aware of this entity. Most clinicians will encounter at least one patient with a factitious disorder during their practice years of which Munchausen syndrome is the most extreme type. In this report, we present a case of Munchausen syndrome referred as a possible case of immune deficiency. Case Report A 22-year-old single female (university student) was referred to our hospital as a possible case of immune deficiency or neutrophil disorder. On admission, she had painful swelling over the right breast for five days and gave a history of similar recurrent swellings over the abdominal wall during the past few months which needed repeated surgical drainage in other hospitals on about 20 occasions. She denied a history of fever, upper or lower respiratory tract symptoms, trauma or such lesions on other parts of the body except the abdominal wall. Her problems started at the age of 17 when she was seen for amenorrhea. She had only two cycles and then failed to menstruate. She was prescribed oral contraceptives and after a few months she developed symptoms suggestive of deep vein thrombosis in one leg. It was proven on venogram and she was started on anticoagulants; while being on warfarin, she developed recurrent deep vein thrombosis (DVT). She was again hospitalized and the dose of warfarin was gradually increased to 105 mg but still the prothrombin time and INR did not increase significantly. Even her medications were given under supervision so she was labeled as a case of warfarin resistance possibly due to poor absorption.

27. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy munchausen syndrome by proxy is a form of child abuse in which a parent munchausen syndrome occurs because of psychological problems in the adult, http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001555.htm

@import url(/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Munchausen syndrome by proxy Contents of this page: Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors Symptoms Signs and tests ... Prevention Definition Munchausen syndrome by proxy is a form of child abuse in which a parent induces real or apparent symptoms of a disease in a child. Causes, incidence, and risk factors This syndrome almost always involves a mother abusing her child by seeking unneeded medical attention for him or her. It is rare and poorly understood. The cause is unknown. The mother may fake symptoms of illness in her child by adding blood to the child's urine or stool, withholding food, falsifying fevers, surreptitiously giving emetics or cathartics to simulate vomiting or diarrhea, or using other maneuvers (such as infecting IV lines to make the child appear or become ill). These children are often hospitalized with groups of symptoms that don't quite fit classical disease findings. Frequently, the children are made to suffer through unneccessary tests, surgeries, or other uncomfortable procedures. The affected parent is usually very helpful in the hospital setting and is often appreciated by the nursing staff for the care she gives her child. She is commonly seen as devoted and unusually self-sacrificing, which can make medical professionals unlikely to suspect the diagnosis.

28. What Is Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy redblock.gif (827 bytes) MUNCHAUSEN S SYNDROME BY PROXY. The term Munchausen s Syndrome by Proxy (MSBP) was coined in a 1976 report describing four http://www.ashermeadow.com/Whatis.htm

subscribe bookstore essentials newsboard ... site map W hat is MSP? Page Tools Discuss Print Recommend Feedback What is MSP? FBI Report on MSP MSP Slide Show Dartmouth Medical School Formula for MSP Case Study ... What Are the Symptoms? What is Munchausen's Syndrome by Proxy In 1794, at the age of 74, Munchausen's married Bernhardine Brun, then 17 years old. It is said that on their wedding night, the baron retired early, and his bride spent the night dancing with another. In 1795, Bernhardine gave birth to a son. Following the birth of this child, it was whispered that "the life of the Munchausen child will likely be short." The boy, named Polle, died at approximately 1 year of age under suspicious circumstances. Almost a century later, an unusual behavior pattern among young men gained recognition in the writings of Charcot. In 1877, he described adults, who through self-inflicted injuries or bogus medical documents, attempted to gain hospitalization and treatment. Charcot called this condition "mania operativa passiva." Seventy-four years later, in 1951

29. Munchausen Syndrome - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia He referred to this behaviour as munchausen syndrome by Proxy. In munchausen syndrome by Proxy (MSbP, but also known as FII, or Fabricated or Induced http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchausen_syndrome

You did it! Over US$240,000 was donated in the 21 day fund drive. Thank you for your generosity! You are still welcome to make a donation or purchase Wikimedia merchandise Munchausen syndrome From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Munchausen syndrome Munchausen syndrome is a form of psychological disorder known as a factitious disorder (the term "Munchausen syndrome" is sometimes used, incorrectly, to refer to any form of factitious disorder). Sufferers mimic real diseases, presenting a great problem to themselves and their healthcare professionals. The disorder is named after a literary figure, Baron Munchausen , a real person who was portrayed in fiction as a famous teller of tall tales. Contents Munchausen syndrome Origin of the name Munchausen syndrome by proxy Clues that may indicate Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy ... edit Munchausen syndrome In Munchausen syndrome, the sufferer feigns, exaggerates, or creates symptoms of illnesses in himself or herself in order to gain attention, sympathy, and comfort from medical personnel. The role of "patient" is a familiar and comforting one, and it fills a psychological need in the man or woman with Munchausen's. There is some controversy on the exact causes of the syndrome, but an increased occurrence has been reported in healthcare professionals and close family members of people with a chronic illness.

30. Louisa J. Lasher's Factitious Disorder By Proxy / Munchausen By Proxy Syndrome H aka Factitious Disorder by Proxy, Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome, and munchausen syndrome by Proxy. Home MBP Quiz Contents Contact Me http://www.mbpexpert.com/

Munchausen by Proxy (MBP), a.k.a. Factitious Disorder by Proxy, Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome, and Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy Credentials MBP Basics MBP Educational Programs Editorial on MBP Education ... New Book Munchausen by Proxy: Identification, Intervention, and Case Management Available Now! Site design by Cyber Studios With 19 years experience, we can enhance your image without breaking your budget! MBP Expert Services Louisa J. Lasher, M.A. Louisa is available to provide Munchausen by Proxy maltreatment training, case consultation, technical assistance, and expert witness services in an objective manner (no partiality to either side) and in the best interest of the child or children involved. References are available upon request. Munchausen by Proxy (MBP) - also known as Factitious Disorder by Proxy, Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome, and Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy - is a very real and very dangerous form of maltreatment (abuse/neglect). Now Available my new book... Munchausen by Proxy: Identification, Intervention, and Case Management Mary S. Sheridan Order Information Interested in MBP Educational Programs?

31. Definitions And MBP / Munchausen By Proxy Basics FACTITIOUS DISORDER, (of which munchausen syndrome is a subtype), (also called MUNCHAUSEN BY PROXY (MBP) (also called munchausen syndrome by Proxy, http://www.mbpexpert.com/definition.html

Munchausen by Proxy (MBP), a.k.a. Factitious Disorder by Proxy, Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome, and Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy Credentials MBP Basics MBP Educational Programs Editorial on MBP Education Formula for Success New Book Munchausen by Proxy: Identification, Intervention, and Case Management Available Now! Site design by Cyber Studios With 19 years experience, we can enhance your image without breaking your budget! by LOUISA J. LASHER, M.A. Topics addressed in the following article include: What are Factitious Disorder and Munchausen Syndrome? What is Munchausen by Proxy/Factitious Disorder by Proxy? Munchausen by Proxy (MBP) - The Basics Some Differences Between MBP and Other Kinds of Maltreatment ... MBP Confirmation-Disconfirmation Process FACTITIOUS DISORDER (of which MUNCHAUSEN SYNDROME is a sub-type) , (also called "Adult Munchausen", and "Adult Factitious Disorder") is a formal, DSM-IV mental health diagnosis in which people deliberately exaggerate and/or fabricate and/or induce physical and/or psychological-behavioral-mental health problems in themselves. The primary purpose of this behavior is to gain some form of internal gratification, such as attention, for themselves. MUNCHAUSEN BY PROXY (MBP) (also called Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy, Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome, and Factitious Disorder by Proxy) is a label for a pattern of behavior in which caretakers deliberately exaggerate and/or fabricate and/or induce physical and/or psychological-behavioral-mental health problems in others.

32. Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy munchausen syndrome By Proxy from the Lectric Law Library s stacks. http://www.lectlaw.com/files/cri15.htm

From the 'Lectric Law Library's stacks Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy By Kathryn A. Artingstall Detective Artingstall serves with the Orlando, Florida, Police Department. From The FBI Magazine - August 1995 The Library Rotunda Our Central Hub, Directory and Index... plus Lots More The Reference Room The Lay People's Lounge The Business Peoples's Lounge The Legal Professional's Lounge Please see our GoldCard Program Info and/or Ralf's Tour about help with your Sorry, we're unable to assist non-members.

33. IPT Journal - "Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy: Integration Of Classic And Contempo munchausen syndrome by proxy is a specialized form of child abuse in which a The description of munchausen syndrome by proxy was first made in 1977, http://www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume2/j2_2_4.htm

Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: Integration of Classic and Contemporary Types Deirdre Conway Rand Evolution of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy as a Diagnosis Munchausen syndrome by proxy derives from adult Munchausen syndrome, which was first described in the literature in 1951 by Asher. In adult Munchausen syndrome, the patient fabricates and/or induces his own symptoms and presents himself for treatment. The description of Munchausen syndrome by proxy was first made in 1977, after British pediatrician Roy Meadow recognized that mothers of two children in his practice were engaging in dissimulations that put their children in the patient role, using the children as proxies. Subsequently, Meadow has collected and presented a number of cases, noting from the outset that is was often the doctors who harmed the child most through their unnecessary tests and treatments. Originally, Meadow observed the mother of the child as perpetrator and the child as a simple victim, stating in 1982 that only children up to age six were used as proxies because a child older than that would likely reveal the deception. After two more years of study, however, he reported in 1984 that an older child could act as a confederate of the mother, with the two involved in a sort of folie â deux , a pattern that might be perpetuated even after the child reached adulthood. Thus, Meadow began to describe the complex psychological nature of MSP.

34. IPT Journal - "Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy As A Possible Factor When Abuse Is F ABSTRACT munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSP) is a reportable form of child munchausen syndrome by proxy is a specialized form of child abuse in which a http://www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume1/j1_4_4.htm

Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy as a Possible Factor When Abuse is Falsely Alleged Deirdre Conway Rand ABSTRACT: Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSP) is a reportable form of child abuse in which a physical or mental disorder of the child is either fabricated or induced by a parent or other adult caretaker. While most often diagnosed in medical settings, a contemporary-type MSP has emerged in which the parent fabricates or induces the idea that the child has been abused by someone else, with the accusing parent/caretaker then gaining recognition from helpers as the protector of an abused child. The case illustrated in Bad Moon Rising: A True Story , is discussed. Professionals are reminded of the importance of thorough fact-finding and the need for a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosing MSP. Persons coming in contact with child abuse cases, especially cases where sex abuse is alleged, should be aware of a clinical syndrome called Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSP). Munchausen syndrome by proxy is a specialized form of child abuse in which a physical or mental disorder of the child is either fabricated or induced by a parent or other adult caretaker. A related psychiatric disorder, Munchausen syndrome, refers to the individual who either fabricates or induces a medical or psychological problem in themselves. The name Munchausen comes from a notorious 18th century teller of tall tales, Baron Von Munchausen. Whereas in Munchausen syndrome the person gains positive attention from medical personnel for their own factitious illness, in MSP the perpetrator gains attention as the concerned caretaker of a sick child, who is the proxy.

35. Munchausen Syndrome Hub Links to information and resources for munchausen syndrome. http://genomelink.org/munchausen/

Munchausen syndrome, also known as factitious is a psychological disorder in which the patient fabricates the symptoms of disease or injury in order to undergo medical tests, hospitalization, or even medical or surgical treatment. Acne Allergy Antibiotics Antioxidants ... Munchausen syndrome by proxy from MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia - updated by Elizabeth Hait, M.D., Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH. Munchausen Syndrome from eMedicine Journal - by William Ernoehazy, Jr, MD, FACEP, Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, St Luke's Hospital of Jacksonville. Child Neglect and Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy - by National CASA Association. Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: Integration of Classic and Contemporary Types - by Deirdre Conway Rand. Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome - by David Allison, Philosophy, SUNY at Stony Brook. Munchausen Syndrome by the Merck Manual Mothers Against Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy Allegations Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: Recognizing a Form of Child Abuse - by Elizabeth B. Dowdell, RN, PhD Kristina L. Foster, RN, MS.

36. Munchausen Syndrome: Description, Criteria, Causes, Symptoms, Treatments And Med , Criteria, Causes, Symptoms, Treatments and Medications.......munchausen syndrome http://www.mental-health-matters.com/disorders/dis_details.php?disID=61

37. What Is Munchausen Syndrome? Information and articles about a variety of treatments for mental illness, covering everything from psychotherapy to herbal remedies. http://www.mental-health-matters.com/articles/article.php?artID=394

38. Munchausen Syndrome munchausen syndrome Murray, John B. munchausen syndrome/munchausen syndrome by Proxy. The Journal of Psychology 131, no. 3 (May 1997) 34352. http://www.healthatoz.com/healthatoz/Atoz/ency/munchausen_syndrome.jsp

39. Muchausen Syndrome By Proxy munchausen syndrome, a disorder where people fabricate illness in themselves, munchausen syndrome by Proxy Recognizing a Form of Child Abuse. http://allpsych.com/journal/munchausen.html

Find It Fast AllPsych Home Online Textbooks -Psychology 101 -Personality Synopsis -Statistics Primer -Research Methods Psychology Forums Timeline of Psychology Psychology Biographies Psychology Dictionary Psychology Bookshelf Medication Guide Street Drug Fact Sheet Psychotherapy Facts Psychiatric Disorders -Anxiety Disorders -Dissociative Disorders -Eating Disorders -Impulse Control -Mood Disorders -Paraphilias -Psychotic Disorders -Sexual Dysfunctions -Somatoform Disorders -Substance Disorders -Personality Disorders AllPsych Journal Online Psych Tests -Psychology Tests -Diagnostic Tests -Self-Help Tests Education and Careers Optical Illusions Crossword Puzzles Psychology Games Research Projects Psychology News Psychology on the Web Online Psychology About AllPsych Recognition Feedback Form Home Texts Reference Disorders ... Contact Reference Section Journal Home References Home Timeline of Psychology Psychology Biographies ... Online Psychology FAQs About AllPsych Dr. Heffner Recognition Contact Us powered by FreeFind AllPsych Journal Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome: A Deadly Disorder Jessica Feurtado May 15, 2004

40. Munchausen Syndrome CHC Wausau Hospital s Medical Library and Patient Education Center provides research services and healthcare information to physicians, http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00057250.html

Main Search Index Definition Description Causes ... Resources Munchausen syndrome Definition Munchausen syndrome is a psychiatric disorder that causes an individual to self-inflict injury or illness or to fabricate symptoms of physical or mental illness, in order to receive medical care or hospitalization. In a variation of the disorder, Munchausen by proxy (MSBP), an individual, typically a mother, intentionally causes or fabricates illness in a child or other person under her care. Description Munchausen syndrome takes its name from Baron Karl Friederich von Munchausen, an 18th century German military man known for his tall tales. The disorder first appeared in psychiatric literature in the early 1950s when it was used to describe patients who sought hospitalization by inventing symptoms and complicated medical histories, and/or inducing illness and injury in themselves. Categorized as a factitious disorder (a disorder in which the physical or psychological symptoms are under voluntary control), Munchausen's syndrome seems to be motivated by a need to assume the role of a patient. Unlike malingering , there does not seem to be any clear secondary gain (e.g., money) in Munchausen syndrome.

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