21. (ATDN) Microsporidiosis microsporidiosis is an intestinal infection that people with AIDS can get. http://www.aegis.com/pubs/atdn/1995/atr01811.html

ATDN) Microsporidiosis Treatment Review #18; April 1995 Microsporidiosis is an intestinal infection that people with AIDS can get. The infection usually causes diarrhea. A trial is studying albendazole for the treatment of microsporidiosis . To participate in this study you must be HIV+, 18 years or older, and have biopsy-proven microsporidiosis within 90 days of study entry. You must have a history of an average of 3 liquid bowel movements per day for 4 weeks prior to study entry and, if taking antidiarrheal medication, be on a stable regimen for at least 7 days before study entry. You must be on a stable regimen of any other medication for 2 weeks before study entry. Pregnant women and nursing mothers are not allowed. You cannot have taken any potential antiprotozoal drugs such as mebendazole or metronidazole within 1 week of study entry or taken albendazole within 1 month of study entry. Participants will be divided into two groups. One group will be treated with albendazole. The other group will be treated with placebo. Neither the doctor nor the participant will know which treatment is being given. After the 28 day double-blind period, all participants will receive open-label albendazole for 62 days. If you become hospitalized or have to remain in the hospital due to worsening diarrhea during the first 14 days of the study, you will be given open- label treatment. Treatment is for 3 months. Call The Network at (800) 734-7104 for more information. Albendazole is also available through a compassionate use program for the treatment of microsporidiosis. Doctors should call (800) 355-8900 x 3909. They will be given a number to call at the

22. Microsporidiosis And HIV 1) microsporidiosis is recognized as a cause of gastrointestinal disease, microsporidiosis should be considered in AIDS patients with chronic diarrhea, http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite?page=kb-05&doc=kb-05-04-02

23. AJTMH -- Collected Resources : Microsporidiosis Therapy for human gastrointestinal microsporidiosis CN Conteas, Modification ofthe clinical course of intestinal microsporidiosis in acquired http://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/collection/microsporidiosis

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... SEARCH RESULT QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: Microsporidiosis Citations 1-7 of 7 total displayed. Most recent content (1 Aug 2005): Articles MICROSPORIDIOSIS IN TRAVEL-ASSOCIATED CHRONIC DIARRHEA IN IMMUNE-COMPETENT PATIENTS ERIKA WICHRO, DAVID HOELZL, ROBERT KRAUSE, GEORG BERTHA, FRANZ REINTHALER, AND CHRISTOPH WENISCH Am J Trop Med Hyg 2005; 73: 285-287. [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF] Past content (since May 1998): Articles TRANSMISSION OF ENTEROCYTOZOON BIENEUSI GENOTYPE A IN A THAI ORPHANAGE SAOVANEE LEELAYOOVA, ITTISAK SUBRUNGRUANG, RAM RANGSIN, PORNTIP CHAVALITSHEWINKOON-PETMITR, JEERAPAN WORAPONG, TAWEE NAAGLOR, AND MATHIRUT MUNGTHIN Am J Trop Med Hyg 2005; 73: 104-107. [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF] Research Articles Enterocytozoon bieneusi among children with diarrhea attending Mulago Hospital in Uganda JK Tumwine, A Kekitiinwa, N Nabukeera, DE Akiyoshi, MA Buckholt, AND S Tzipori Am J Trop Med Hyg 2002; 67: 299-303.

24. Therapy For Human Gastrointestinal Microsporidiosis -- Conteas Et Al. 63 (3): 12 Gastrointestinal microsporidiosis is a major cause of diarrhea and wasting inpersons with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). http://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/content/abstract/63/3/121

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... TABLE OF CONTENTS QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager ... Cited by other online articles PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Conteas, C. Articles by Pruthi, J. Related Collections Microsporidiosis American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Vol 63, Issue 3, 121-127 Research Articles Therapy for human gastrointestinal microsporidiosis CN Conteas, OG Berlin, LR Ash, and JS Pruthi This article has been cited by other articles: D. W. Notermans, R. Peek, M. D. de Jong, E. M. Wentink-Bonnema, R. Boom, and T. van Gool Detection and Identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon Species in Stool and Urine Specimens by PCR and Differential Hybridization J. Clin. Microbiol., February 1, 2005; 43(2): 610 - 614. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. Leiro, E. Cano, F. M. Ubeira, F. Orallo, and M. L. Sanmartin

25. UpToDate Microsporidiosis The clinical manifestations of microsporidiosis are diverse and include intestinal,pulmonary, ocular, muscular, and renal diesease. http://patients.uptodate.com/topic.asp?file=parasite/9014

26. Abstract For Reference 2 Of 'Microsporidiosis' The clinical manifestations of microsporidiosis are diverse and include intestinal, Diagnosis of microsporidiosis currently depends on morphological http://patients.uptodate.com/abstract.asp?TR=parasite/9014&viewAbs=2&title=2

27. ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Infectious_Disease Search The Official Patient s Sourcebook on microsporidiosis A Search Cryptosporidiosis and microsporidiosis (Contributions to Microbiology) http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Infectious_

@import "/styles/navbar.css"; @import "/styles/tabStyles.css"; Set home page Bookmark site Add search Latest News ... Email to friend Text Size A A A Front Page ... Parasitic : Microsporidiosis Subtopics See Also: Health: Conditions and Diseases: Food and Water Borne Search Google: Microsporidiosis News Books Links [ More news about Microsporidiosis Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change. The Microsporidia and Microsporidiosis March 01, 1999 Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change. The Official Patient's Sourcebook on Microsporidiosis: A Revised and Updated Directory for the Internet Age by: Icon Health Publications September 01, 2002 List Price: Amazon.com's Price: You Save: Prices subject to change. Opportunistic Infections : Toxoplasma, Sarcocystis, and Microsporidia (World Class Parasites) March 31, 2004 Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change. Cryptosporidiosis and Microsporidiosis (Contributions to Microbiology) July 01, 2000 [ More books about Microsporidiosis Microsporidiosis - Information resources from The Body on this opportunitistic infection. CDC DPDx - Microsporidiosis - Factsheet with causal agents, life cycle, geographic distribution, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment.

28. Aidsmap | Microsporidiosis microsporidiosis is illness caused by recently discovered protozoan parasites Prior to the AIDS epidemic only eleven cases of microsporidiosis had ever http://www.aidsmap.com/en/docs/32140694-3E2F-4BCF-8193-12AF80D473A5.asp

site map contact advanced search home ... about us Aidsmap Français Português Español YOU ARE HERE: Microsporidiosis printer friendly version send to friend glossary comment Last updated: 07.12.04 previous next Symptoms and diagnosis Treatment ... References Microsporidiosis is illness caused by recently discovered protozoan parasites called Microsporidia . The most common of the parasites is Enterocytozoon bieneusi , which infects the small intestine and has also been reported as a cause of sinusitis and, possibly, cholangitis (inflammation of the bile ducts in the liver). Other species of Microsporidia include Encephalitozoon hellem and cuniculi and Septata intestinalis As well as affecting the gut, these parasites can infect immune cells called macrophages and spread throughout the body, affecting the eyes, sinuses, kidney, liver, muscles, brain and several other tissues. Prior to the AIDS epidemic only eleven cases of microsporidiosis had ever been reported in the medical literature. The mode of transmission of Microsporidia is unknown, though the oral-fecal route is suspected (Hutin 1998). Many people in Europe and North America with microsporidiosis had a history of extensive foreign travel or overseas residence. Transmission of

29. Aidsmap | Not All Microsporidiosis Causes Chronic Diarrhoea According To Study F microsporidiosis is caused by protozoan parasites called microsporidia, Efforts to find an effective treatment of microsporidiosis (aside from http://www.aidsmap.com/en/news/A084217A-EBDE-4470-AE0B-17236B49C420.asp

site map contact advanced search home ... about us Aidsmap news Français Português Español YOU ARE HERE: Not all microsporidiosis causes chronic diarrhoea according to study from Peru printer friendly version send to friend glossary comment Theo Smart , Monday, May 09, 2005 Not all infections with the protozon Enterocytozoon bieneusi , which causes the intestinal disorder known as microsporidiosis, are associated with serious illness in HIV-positive individuals, according to a large epidemiological study from Lima, Peru, published in the May 15 th issue of the Journal of Infectious Diseases. Chronic diarrhoea was caused only by certain genotypes of the parasite, infecting about one third of all the patients with microsporidiosis in the study. Of note, despite screening for a wide variety of potential sources, the only risk factor that investigators could identify for contracting these more serious strains was eating watermelons. Microsporidiosis Microsporidiosis is caused by protozoan parasites called microsporidia, the most common of which is E. bieneusi

30. Microsporidiosis Medical Advocates microsporidiosis microsporidiosis, an opportunisticAIDSassociated infection. Bacchi CJ, Weiss LM, Lane S, et al Antimicrob Agents http://www.medadvocates.org/diseases/opportunistic/microsporidiosis/main.html

Medical Advocates Microsporidiosis Main Page New/Noteworthy Guidelines General Reports Pediatric ... Home Page Last Update: August 31, 2005 Documents identified with this icon are in Portable Document Format (PDF) and require the Adobe Acrobat Reade New and Noteworthy August 2005 Microsporidiosis in travel-associated chronic diarrhea in immune-competent patients. Wichro E, Hoelzl D, Krause R, Bertha G, et al Am J Trop Med Hyg . 2005 Aug;73(2):285-7. June 2005 Therapeutic strategies for human microsporidia infections. Didier ES, Maddry JA, Brindley PJ Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther . 2005 Jun;3(3):419-434. General Reports Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries Microsporidiosis in travel-associated chronic diarrhea in immune-competent patients. Wichro E, Hoelzl D, Krause R, Bertha G, et al Am J Trop Med Hyg . 2005 Aug;73(2):285-7. Abstract FULL-TEXT ARTICLE Microsporidia: emerging ocular pathogens. Joseph J, Vemuganti GK, Sharma S. ndian J Med Microbiol . 2005 Apr;23(2):80-91.

31. Pediatric Microsporidiosis MedICAL ADVOCATES Children. microsporidiosis Guidelines National Studies Link tomicrosporidiosis Web Pediatric OI Main Page Pediatric Main Page http://www.medadvocates.org/marg/children/disease/microsporidiosis.htm

MedICAL ADVOCATES Children Microsporidiosis Guidelines National Studies Link to Microsporidiosis Web ... Home Page Last Update: June 22, 2005 Documents identified with this icon are in Portable Document Format (PDF) and require the Adobe Acrobat Reader Prevention/Treatment Guidelines Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries FULL-TEXT ARTICLE Treating opportunistic infections among HIV-exposed and infected children: recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Mofenson LM, Oleske J, Serchuck L, et a l MMWR Dec 3, 2004 / 53(RR14);1-63 Paper National Studies Spain Thailand Spain Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries Microsporidiosis in HIV-positive children in Madrid (Spain). Del Aguila C, Navajas R, Gurbindo D, et al. J Eukaryot Microbiol 1997 Nov-Dec;44(6):84S-85S Abstract Thailand Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries Asymptomatic intestinal microsporidiosis in Thai orphans and child-care workers. Mungthin M, Suwannasaeng R, Naaglor T, et al. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2001 May-Jun;95(3):304-6

32. TAG: The OI Report - Microsporidiosis microsporidiosis is mainly seen in those who are immunocompromised and emerged as a There is no definitive data on the prevalence of microsporidiosis in http://www.aidsinfonyc.org/tag/comp/ois98/15.html

THE OI REPORT: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections (OIs) MICROSPORIDIOSIS by Laura Morrison Microsporidia are small protozoal parasites widely distributed in nature that cause disease in both animals and humans. There are more than 90 known genera of Microsporidia and close to 1000 known species (Manheimmer 1994). Only five genera of Microsporidia are known to occur in man: Encephalitozoon, Septata, Enterocytozoon, Pleistophera and Nosema. It is unclear how people become infected with Microsporidia, although it is speculated that the parasite is transmitted through oral ingestion of feces (e.g., rimming) bearing mature spores (Eeftinck Schattenkerk 1991). Microsporidiosis is mainly seen in those who are immunocompromised and emerged as a significant cause of disease in humans at the beginning of the AIDS epidemic (Canning 1990). There is no definitive data on the prevalence of microsporidiosis in people with AIDS (PWAs), partly because it is difficult to diagnose and also because it is usually not the first AIDS-defining illness seen in HIV-positive patients. Most available prevalence data focus on intestinal microsporidiosis, the most common microsporidial disease in PWAs, though infection of the eye and other organs may occur. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS The most common manifestation of intestinal microsporidiosis in PWAs is profuse, watery, non-bloody diarrhea, sometimes accompanied by abdominal pain and cramping, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. Species of Microsporidia have been tied to disseminated disease, cholangitis (inflammation of the bile ducts), keratoconjunctivitis (inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva), hepatitis, peritonitis (inflammation of the membrane lining the abdomen and internal organs), and infection of the lungs, kidney, liver, muscles, and the brain. Presence of Microsporidia, however, does not always correlate with symptomatic disease.

33. PWA Health Group: Albendazole microsporidiosis is a devastating, life threatening infection in people with AIDS . Albendazole has never been tested for microsporidiosis prophylaxis, http://www.aidsinfonyc.org/pwahg/info/albe.html

ALBENDAZOLE INFO SHEET What is it? Albendazole (Zentel) is an oral drug used to treat a variety of worm infections. It is related to mebendazole - a drug approved in the United States as Vermox. Albendazole is approved in several European and most Third World countries. The PWA Health Group helps import it from Mexico for PWAs with microsporidiosis. To obtain albendazole from the PWA Health Group, you must have a prescription from your doctor. Microsporidiosis Microsporidiosis is a devastating, life threatening infection in people with AIDS. It can cause disease all over the body (lungs, eyes, etc), but it most often infects the gut and causes diarrhea. There is no proven treatment. In a number of uncontrolled studies, albendazole has reduced diarrhea. Microsporidiosis is hard to diagnose. It can be hard to find even with an electron microscope or biopsy. There are new stool tests (spring, '95) which may help -call us if you need further info. Many docs use albendazole empirically, meaning they use the drug to do the diagnosis. If the stool test is not conclusive, they'll give you albendazole. If your diarrhea gets better, bingo - the cause was microsporidiosis. Treating diarrhea is tricky, but important to follow up on. If you have a diagnosis of microspordiosis, and albendazole doesn't, it could be because: 1) it can take up to 2+ months before the drug works, 2) there are different kinds of microsporidiosis, and albendazole works better with some than others (see below), or 3) other bugs are causing the diarrhea.

34. Microsporidiosis Intestinal microsporidiosis in human immunodeficiency virusinfected patients Patients with intestinal microsporidiosis had significantly lower mean http://www.thedoctorsdoctor.com/diseases/microsporidiosis.htm

Background This is a broad group of parasites that are spore forming and are obligate intracellular organisms. There are at least 12 species belonging to 7 genera. Enterocytozoon Encephalitozoon Pleistophora Tranchipleistophora Brachiola Nosema Vitaforma Of these organisms, Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common species affecting humans. It commonly produces a diarrheal illness. OUTLINE Epidemiology Disease Associations Pathogenesis Laboratory/Radiologic/Other Diagnostic Testing ... Commonly Used Terms EPIDEMIOLOGY CHARACTERIZATION INCIDENCE Intestinal microsporidiosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with chronic unexplained diarrhea: prevalence and clinical and biologic features. Molina JM, Sarfati C, Beauvais B, Lemann M, Lesourd A, Ferchal F, Casin I, Lagrange P, Modigliani R, Derouin F, et al. Division of Infectious Diseases, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France. J Infect Dis 1993 Jan;167(1):217-21 Abstract quote Eighteen patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus and with chronic unexplained diarrhea were prospectively studied to investigate the prevalence and clinical and biologic features of intestinal microsporidiosis.

35. HighWire -- Browse Journals - Microsporidiosis Browse Journals publishing on microsporidiosis, (return to Topic List page) Journals focusing on microsporidiosis (in order by highest focus) http://highwire.stanford.edu/lists/topic_dir/608683/618131/618697/618699/618748/

ANNOUNCEMENT: CHECK OUT THE PREVIEW RELEASE OF OUR NEW WEB SITE! My Favorite Journals ( HW-hosted journals HW-hosted Medline Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: Home Adv. Search For Institutions For Publishers ... Sign in or register for access to all HighWire Press customization features Browse Journals publishing on Microsporidiosis: (return to Topic List page) Microsporidiosis Encephalitozoonosis Sort by: Alphabet Frequency of articles in Microsporidiosis Focus of journal on Microsporidiosis What's this? Journals focusing on Microsporidiosis (in order by highest focus) Annals of Internal Medicine info free ISSUES The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ... Protozoan Infections Microsporidiosis Home Adv. Search For Institutions For Publishers ... partners/suppliers

36. Human Microsporidiosis: New Opportunistic Infections microsporidiosis humanas nuevas infecciones oportunistas Rev Mex Patol Clin1997; 44(1) 1216. microsporidiosis are intensively investigated. http://www.imbiomed.com/Patol/Ptv44n1/english/Zpt71-01.html

Desportes-Livage I Microsporidiosis humanas: nuevas infecciones oportunistas Rev Mex Patol Clin Human microsporidiosis: New opportunistic infections ABSTRACT Microsporidia, unicellular parasites previously known to infect animals, are increasingly recognized as human pathogens particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Enterocytozoon bieneusi , the first microsporidium reported in AIDS patients is also the most frequently found species. This parasite appears to be the prevalent cause of enteric infections in HIV+ patients. Seven other species of microsporidia are also the cause of infections in humans. Clinical symptoms depend on the site of infection. Microsporidiosis are intensively investigated. Most significant data published those past years concern the pathology, the diagnosis, the therapy and the epidemiology of these new infections. Key words: Microsporidiosis, oportunistic infections. Main Index Return to Index H O M E Solicitude of articles ... Search

37. Microsporidiosis disseminated microsporidiosis ; intestinal microsporidiosis; ocular microsporidiosis FederallyFunded Research on microsporidiosis http://www.icongrouponline.com/health/Microsporidiosis.html

ICON Health Publications Official Health Sourcebooks Search ICON Health Titles: The Official Patient's Sourcebook on MICROSPORIDIOSIS (disseminated microsporidiosis ; intestinal microsporidiosis; ocular microsporidiosis) Revised and Updated for the Internet Age P A P E R B A C K Paperback Book Paperback Book Order by phone: 800-843-2665 (within USA) 1-201-272-3651 (from outside USA) Paperback Book Shipped in 3 to 5 business days E B O O K Electronic File * E-Book version sent via e-mail in 2 business days Pages Price $28.95(USD) ISBN Published Synopsis A comprehensive manual for anyone interested in self-directed research on microsporidiosis. Fully referenced with ample Internet listings and glossary. Related Conditions/Synonyms disseminated microsporidiosis ; intestinal microsporidiosis; ocular microsporidiosis Description Table of Contents Introduction Overview Organization Scope Moving Forward PART I: THE ESSENTIALS Chapter 1. The Essentials on Microsporidiosis: Guidelines Overview Microsporidiosis: Technical Notes Causal Agents Life Cycle Geographic Distribution Clinical Features Laboratory Diagnosis Treatment More Guideline Sources Vocabulary Builder Chapter 2. Seeking Guidance

38. Microsporidiosis News - Healthcare Industry Today microsporidiosis. Service for healthcare industry professionals and analysts.Constantly updated news and information about microsporidiosis. http://www.healthcareindustrytoday.com/news/Microsporidiosis

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39. Muscular Microsporidiosis In A Gecko To our knowledge this is the first report of microsporidiosis in a gecko in theUnited States and the only report of strictly muscular microsporidiosis in a http://www.vet.uga.edu/ivcvm/2000/Boyd/boyd.htm

List of Papers List of Registrants IVCVM Menu Muscular Microsporidiosis in a Gecko Kelli Boyd and Christopher R. Gregory Departments of Veterinary Pathology (Boyd) and Small Animal Medicine (Gregory) College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA Abstract: A male leaf-tailed gecko was found dead at a regional major metropolitan zoo. Histologically, the lizard had diffuse myositis with intralesional microsporidia. Microsporidial organisms were not present in any other examined organ system or tissues. To our knowledge this is the first report of microsporidiosis in a gecko in the United States and the only report of strictly muscular microsporidiosis in a reptile. Keywords: Lizard, Gecko, Microsporidiosis, Myositis Case History A male leaf-tailed gecko ( Uroplatus henkeli ) was found dead at a regional major metropolitan zoo. No clinical signs were observed prior to death. The gecko was fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin and submitted to the University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine Infectious Diseases Laboratory Zoo and Exotics Pathology Service. Grossly, the reptile appeared thin but no other abnormalities were observed. Microscopic Examination The normal skeletal muscle architecture was effaced by intense infiltrates of histiocytic macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells and heterophils. Myofibers were necrotic and fragmented and have plump oval nuclei with one or two prominent nucleoli. Macrophages contained clusters of lightly basophilic organisms with a small clear halo. These organisms were tissue gram stain and acid-fast positive. They were not observed in other organ systems including kidney, brain, lung, liver, heart, or intestinal tract.

40. A Case Of Diarrhea Caused By Microsporidiosis In A 4-month-old Blue Fronted Amaz A case is presented of intestinal microsporidiosis in a blue fronted Amazon parrot, A final diagnosis of intestinal microsporidiosis was made. http://www.vet.uga.edu/ivcvm/1999/Dorrestein_2/Dorrestein_2.htm

List of Papers List of Registrants IVCVM Menu A Case of Diarrhea Caused by Microsporidiosis in a 4-month-old Blue Fronted Amazon Parrot ( Amazona aestiva Gerry M. Dorrestein and Marein van der Hage Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands Bilthoven Dierenkliniek, Schubertlaan 17, 3723 LM Bilthoven, The Netherlands Abstract. A case is presented of intestinal microsporidiosis in a blue fronted Amazon parrot, including clinical presentation, diagnosis in vivo, pathology and ultrastructure. Key Words: Microsporidium Encephalitozoon , Parrot, Amazon, Amazona aestiva, Avian Introduction Diarrhea has many causes in birds and it can take on a variety of appearances. The most common cause of diarrhea in pet avian species is bacterial infection. Most enteric pathogens belong to the gram-negative family Enterobacteriaceae. The diagnosis is based on culture and clinical evaluation, but a fecal quick-stain is useful for identifying bacterial populations and the presence of yeast. Gastrointestinal protozoans are also common as a cause of diarrhea in many avian species.

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