161. Malaria: What Is It? malaria is a mosquitoborne disease that causes over 2.7 million deaths per malaria is a potentially fatal blood disease caused by a parasite that is http://www.lbl.gov/MicroWorlds/xfiles/malariawhatis.html

MicroWorlds Contents Advanced Light Source Berkeley Lab What is Malaria? Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease that causes over 2.7 million deaths per year according to estimates by the World Health Organization. Scientists in the Life Sciences Division and the Center for X-Ray Optics (CXRO) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory are working with the newly developed x-ray microscope at the Advanced Light Source to study this disease. Malaria: A Mosquito-Borne Disease of the Blood Malaria is a potentially fatal blood disease caused by a parasite that is transmitted to human and animal hosts by the Anopheles mosquito. The human parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, is dangerous not only be cause it digests the red blood cell's hemoglobin, but also because it changes the adhesive properties of the cell it inhabits. This change in turn causes the cell to stick to the walls of blood vessels. It becomes especially dangerous when the infected blood cells stick to the capillaries in the brain, obstructing blood flow, a condition called cerebral malaria. Scientists using the x-ray microscope are hoping to learn more about the how the parasite infects and disrupts the blood cells and the blood vessels of an infected host. The Life Cycle of the Malaria Parasite Next: How are cultures of the malaria-causing parasite prepared for study?

162. Action Natural Medicine, Action Nature Et Medecine, Aktion Natuerliche Medizin Numerous studies in tropical countries have demonstrated the potential of artemisiabased medicines. The Anamed coordination in Germany has committed itself to making hybrid seeds available, providing information about cultivation in the tropics, recording the effectiveness and side-effects, and publishing the results in the national languages of southern countries, as an aid to decision-making. http://anamed.y2z.de/English_Home_Page/Anamed_Malaria_Programme/anamed_malaria_p

Action Natural Medicine, Action Nature et Medecine, Aktion Natuerliche Medizin http://anamed.y2z.de/

163. Malaria: Researchers Take New Look At An Ancient Disease malaria researchers take closer look at pathogen inside red blood cell Until recently, no one had ever studied the malaria parasite inside the red http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/malaria-microscopy.html

Malaria researchers take closer look at pathogen inside red blood cell October 27, 1995 By Lynn Yarris, LCYarris@LBL.gov The Advanced Light Source is providing a revealing look at one of the oldest and most persistent of all human diseases malaria. Cathie Magowan, a parasitologist in the Life Sciences Division (LSD), is using the x-ray microscopy beamline at the ALS to obtain never before seen views of the malarial parasite inside a red blood cell. According to the World Health Organization, each year 300 to 500 million people living in the tropics and subtropics become infected with malaria, suffering burning fever and severe pain. Nearly three million mostly children die. Medical researchers have been unable to stamp out a scourge described in 4 B.C. by Hippocrates, Magowan says, because the parasite's complex life-cycle makes it an extremely tough opponent. Malaria is caused by the plasmodium parasite, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected female anopheles mosquito. The parasite enters the bloodstream and travels straight to the liver, where it is safe from any counteraction. "When the parasite is introduced into the bloodstream, there is less than 30 minutes of vulnerability before it gets into the liver," says Magowan, who has been studying

164. CNN.com - Chinese Cure Holds Hope For Malaria - Nov. 26, 2002 CNN http://cnn.com/2002/WORLD/asiapcf/east/11/26/health.malaria/index.html

CNN Europe CNN Asia Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese On CNN TV Transcripts Headline News CNN International ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com Chinese cure holds hope for malaria By Grant Holloway CNN Sydney Malarial parasites are carried and spread by mosquitos Story Tools SEOUL, South Korea (CNN) A breakthrough treatment for malaria based on traditional Chinese medicine holds real potential to reduce the impact of the killer disease, according to the World Health Organization. WHO says the affordable and effective treatment should be available to fight the disease by about 2006. More than one million people predominantly children under the age of five are killed each year by malarial parasites. Many millions more are incapacitated by recurring bouts of the disease which is caused by parasites which are carried and spread by mosquitos. Disturbingly, the most deadly form of the disease plasmodium falciparum is becoming increasingly resistant to existing treatments, particularly in the Thai-Myanmar border region and throughout Africa. The new treatment is based on the plant qinghaosu, or sweet wormwood, which Chinese physicians have recognized for centuries as having anti-malarial properties.

165. Malaria General Goal To know the major causes of malaria, the life cycle of these malaria is caused by obligate intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus http://www.kcom.edu/faculty/chamberlain/Website/lectures/lecture/malaria.htm

Lymphoreticular and Hematopoetic Infections Return to Syllabus MALARIA General Goal: To know the major causes of malaria, the life cycle of these parasites, the most common modes of transmission and the major manifestations of this disease. Specific Educational Objectives The student should be able to: 1. identify the infectious form of this parasite. 2. identify the cause of this disease that results in the most pathology. 3. identify the most common means of transmission of this disease. Know the most common cause of malaria. 4. identify a patient with this disease based on clinical manifestations. There are other diseases with fever that come and go. Knowing the length, severity, and time period between fevers would be very helpful. 5. identify the current prevention strategies. Reading: MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY by P.R. Murray, K.S. Rosenthal, G.S. Kobayashi and M.A. Pfaller, 3rd Edition. pp. 632-636. Mosby's Color Atlas and Text of Infectious Diseases by Christopher P. Conlon and David R. Snydman. pp. 217-221 Lecture : Dr. Neal R. Chamberlain

166. 133.11.149.55/ www.hsph.harvard.edu/malaria/ malaria Research Groupmalaria research in the Leiden University Medical Center (Netherlands). Detailed description of the malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei, one of the four http://133.11.149.55/

167. Scientists Crack Malaria's Genetic Code CNN http://cnn.com/2002/HEALTH/conditions/10/02/malaria.genetics.reut/index.html

168. The Multilateral Initiative On Malaria (MIM) An alliance of organizations and individuals concerned with malaria. MIM aims to maximize the impact of scientific research against malaria in Africa, http://www.mim.su.se/

Fourth MIM Pan-African Malaria Conference REGISTRATION IS NOW OPEN CALL FOR LETTERS OF INTENT: MIM/TDR RESEARCH CAPACITY STRENGTHENING GRANTS 2006 Download word doc. CALL FOR LETTERS OF INTEREST: BIOMALPAR AND MIM/TDR RE-INTEGRATION GRANTS Download word doc. WEBSITE NOW OPEN! Download PDF in French or English Africa Malaria Day, 25 April 2005

169. NJDHSS, Communicable Disease Service: Malaria malaria is an illness caused by infection of the red blood cells with the Nearly anyone can get malaria, however there are certain genetic traits that http://www.state.nj.us/health/cd/f_malaria.htm

Disease Index NJ InTouch What You Should Know About. . . Malaria What is Malaria? Malaria is an illness caused by infection of the red blood cells with the parasite Plasmodium . There are four types (species) of Plasmodium that can infect humans, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium vivax, and Plasmodium ovale . Each causes slightly different symptoms. Plasmodium falciparum is the most serious and may be life-threatening if not treated quickly. P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae require a second medication after primary treatment to prevent relapses. Who gets Malaria? Nearly anyone can get malaria, however there are certain genetic traits that do provide some protection from malaria. Most black Africans show a natural resistance to infection with Plasmodium vivax due to the absence of a specific factor on the surface of their red blood cells. Persons with sickle cell trait also have resistance to Plasmodium falciparum and are relatively protected from severe illness. How is Malaria spread?

170. Malaria There are four important species which infect humans causing malaria. malaria has a world wide distribution, centered around the tropics, http://martin.parasitology.mcgill.ca/jimspage/biol/PLASMOD.HTM

171. Malaria-carrying Mosquitoes Found CNN http://cnn.com/2002/HEALTH/conditions/09/28/malarial.mosquitoes.ap/index.html

172. Salon Travel | Malaria Dreams I was invincible in Africa until the mosquitoes got me. http://www.salon.com/travel/feature/1999/08/14/malaria/

Search Archives Contact Us Table Talk ... Columnists Travel Services Articles by Region Also Today For a full list Search Salon Advanced Search Help Recently in Salon Travel Wanderlust After Ed With some help from Bali, I learned how to let go again. By Kiersten Aschauer Travel Advisor On location By Donald D. Groff Rendezvous of the sun and the moon Our eclipse correspondent witnesses ancient treasures and a modern miracle in Iran. By Jeff Greenwald Total eclipse Encountering Iran on the cusp of change. By Jeff Greenwald Vagabonding Searching for Binh Hoa Hoping to find an obscure Vietnam War killing field, our correspondent discovers that some lessons of history teach themselves. By Rolf Potts Complete archives for Travel Travel by e-mail Sign up here to receive our weekly e-mail newsletter listing recent and upcoming articles and events in Travel. Unsubscribe MALARIA DREAMS I was invincible in Africa until the mosquitoes got me. By Tanya Shaffer August 14, 1999 M osquitoes don't like me. Conversely, I don't particularly mind them. The same goes for flies, gnats and other small circling creatures. This simple fact exasperated my boyfriend Simon. "Relax into the bugs," I'd counsel him, as we hiked along in some damp, tropical place, a cloud of insects swarming around his head like a dark halo.

173. Avoiding Malaria When Away On Biz CNN http://cnn.com/2003/WORLD/americas/10/15/biz.trav.malaria.reut/index.html

174. Malaria.nl Biedt Uitgebreide Informatie Over Malaria: Wat Is Malaria? Waar Komt Uitgebreide informatie over malaria Wat is het? Waar komt het voor? Hoe u malaria kan voorkomen met algemene maatregelen en malariatabletten. http://www.malaria.nl/

Deze Malaria website biedt uitgebreide informatie over malaria : Wat is malaria? Waar komt malaria voor? En nog belangrijker, hoe kunt u malaria voorkomen met algemene maatregelen en malariatabletten. Want het gaat erom dat u zorgeloos kunt genieten van uw reis naar de tropen! Om deze website te kunnen bezoeken heeft u een browser nodig die frames ondersteunt. U kunt hier een browser downloaden.

175. Malaria IDC Database New site features! (11/2003). 1. New query constraints By CGH score -By average median intensity. 2. Constraints now work with Oligonucleotide ID, http://malaria.ucsf.edu/

Paper Paper Figures Download Data Feedback ... Protocols New site features! 1. New query constraints: -By CGH score -By average median intensity 2. Constraints now work with Oligonucleotide ID, PlasmoDB ID, and ORF description queries. 3. Batch search multiple oligonucleotide or PlasmoDB IDs Select a query type: PlasmoDB ID ORF Description Oligonucleotide ID Automated Prediction ID Automated Annotations GO Annotation GO Number contains equals Gene Name 41kDa antigen ACP ACP synthase aldolase Aminopeptidase ASL Calmodulin chitinase CSP CTRP DHFR-TS Dihydropteroate synth EBA-181/Ebl1-like EFTu FabB/F FabH FabI falcilysin falcipain-1 falcipain-2 falcipain-2 like falcipain-3 FIRA GARP gene 11-1 HPRT KAHRP LDH MAEBL MESA Pfcrt Pfsub1 homologue plasmepsin I plasmepsin II plasmepsin III (HAP) plasmepsin IV plasmepsin IX plasmepsin V plasmepsin VI plasmepsin VII plasmepsin X PyAg1 homologue RBP S antigen SSB STARP TFIID, TBP TIM Functional Group transcription cytoplasmic translation glycolysis NTP synthesis dNTP synthesis DNA replication TCA cycle proteasome merozoite invasion actin myosin motors early ring transcripts plastid genome mitochondrial organellar translation Go to Chromosome Chromosome 1 Chromosome 2 Chromosome 3 Chromosome 4 Chromosome 5 Chromosome 6 Chromosome 7 Chromosome 8 Chromosome 9 Chromosome 10 Chromosome 11 Chromosome 12 Chromosome 13 Chromosome 14 Plastid Search Constraints for Queries Time constraints: begin end Hour of Maximal Induction Post-Invasion Hour of Minimal Induction Post-Invasion Fourier constraints:

176. Scientists Battle Brazilian Malaria Outbreak CNN http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/world.report/1999/9911/08/index.html

177. The Sanger Institute: Plasmodium Falciparum Genome Project The most deadly of the four Plasmodium species that cause human malaria is the malaria has a massive impact on human human health; it is the worlds http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Projects/P_falciparum/

Sanger Home Acedb YourGenome Ensembl ... Blast Plasmodium spp. Species ? P. falciparum P. knowlesi P. chabaudi P. reichenowi P. gallinaceum P. berghei P. vivax YAC BLAST servers Species ? P. falciparum P. knowlesi P. chabaudi P. reichenowi P. gallinaceum P. berghei P. vivax YAC FTP download Species ? P. falciparum P. knowlesi P. chabaudi P. reichenowi P. gallinaceum P. berghei P. falciparum Chr ? Chr1 - WTSI Chr2 - TIGR Chr3 - WTSI Chr4 - WTSI Chr5 - WTSI Chr6 - WTSI Chr7 - WTSI Chr8 - WTSI Chr9 - WTSI Chr10 - TIGR Chr11 - TIGR Chr12 - SGTC Chr13 - WTSI Chr14 - TIGR Overview GeneDB PlasmoDB FTP download ... Sitemap Plasmodium falciparum Genome Projects The most deadly of the four Plasmodium species that cause human malaria is the protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum . Malaria has a massive impact on human human health; it is the worlds second biggest killer after tuberculosis. Around 300 million clinical cases occur each year resulting in between 1.5 - 2.7 million deaths annually, the majority in sub-saharan Africa. It is estimated that 3,000 children under the age of five years fall victim to malaria each day. Around 40 % of the worlds population are at risk and its is not known how this might be affected by possible climate change. The societies and economic development of some of the world's poorest nations are severely affected by malaria. Curation To maximise the benefits to the scientific community of Plasmodium genome sequencing, the Pathogen Sequencing Unit is committed to the

178. Malaria Aid, Research Ramp Up To Tackle Africa Crisis With 3000 Africans dying daily from malaria, the international community has renewed its efforts to combat the disease. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/07/0721_050721_malaria.html

Site Index Subscribe Shop Search Top 15 Most Popular Stories NEWS Front Page Environment Health Offbeat ... Video in the News SPECIAL SERIES The Genographic Project Pulse of the Planet National Geographic Channel RESOURCES (What's this?) Contact Us Front Page Health Malaria Aid, Research Ramp Up to Tackle Africa Crisis Stefan Lovgren for National Geographic News July 21, 2005 More than a million people die of malaria each year, 90 percent of them in Africa. Seventy percent of the victims are children under the age of five. Now, after paying relatively scant attention to the disease for decades, the international community is showing renewed resolve to combat malaria. At the G8 summit in Scotland earlier this month, leaders of the world's richest nations vowed to dramatically boost aid for malaria control in Africa. In the U.S. before the summit, the Bush administration pledged 1.2 billion U.S. dollars in malaria aid over the next five years. The money is targeted at both preventing and treating malaria, using methods ranging from insecticide-treated mosquito nets to antimalaria drug therapies. The goal, however, is to develop an effective malaria vaccine. None has yet been found, but several new initiatives are underway. One experimental vaccine, tested last year in Mozambique, proved effective at protecting as much as 50 percent of children against the disease for six months.

179. CNN.com - Technology - Net Access Aids Malaria Study - April 19, 2000 CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/TECH/computing/04/19/malaria.online.idg/index.html

technology > computing Editions myCNN ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web TECHNOLOGY TOP STORIES Consumer group: Online privacy protections fall short Guide to a wired Super Bowl Debate opens on making e-commerce law consistent MORE TOP STORIES More than 11,000 killed in India quake Mideast negotiators want to continue talks after Israeli elections MORE BUSINESS ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Net access aids malaria study From... April 19, 2000 Web posted at: 10:19 a.m. EDT (1419 GMT) by Dan Caterinicchia (IDG) Malaria is one of the toughest diseases for scientists to battle because it is most prevalent in remote areas of Africa, where electronic communications are either outdated or nonexistent.

180. Malaria News malaria News continually updated from thousands of sources around the net. http://www.topix.net/health/malaria

Advanced Search Enter ZIP, City or News Search Malaria News All Channels Front Page Autos Business ... XML Health ADHD Alcoholism Allergy Alzheimer's ... more... Malaria News continually updated from thousands of sources around the net. Front Page Health News Malaria Burundi Goes To War On Malaria Sep. 8 - The continent's number one killer comes under the spotlight in Burundi that hopes it can fight malaria better, now that its civil war is over. Topics: Medicine World Bank calls for more money to battle malaria Health ministers, development agencies and experts on anti-malarial drugs opened a two-day World Bank conference on Thursday aimed at improving fund-raising to fight malaria, a disease that kills over a million ... Topics: Medicine WHO warns on proper use of malaria drugs The World Health Organization has warned countries to use the latest anti-malaria drugs, known as ACTs, in proper combinations to maintain effectiveness. Topics: Medicine Steps must be taken to avoid resistance to latest malaria drug, UN agency warns "It is crucial that these medicines be used correctly," said Pascal Ringwald, a medical officer in the World Health Organization Roll Back Malaria Department and principal author of a new report on global ... Topics: Medicine New antimalarials threatened by drug resistance: WHO Malaria could become resistant to new drugs developed to treat the mosquito-borne disease unless they are used properly and in combination with a second drug, the World Health Organisation warned.

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