41. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) — a chronic condition causing joint The term juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is actually an umbrella term for a group http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/library/DS/00018.html

International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Autos SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters Your E-mail Alerts RSS ... Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com In association with: INFORMATION CENTERS: Pick a category Health Centers Family Health Men's Health Women's Health Children's Health Seniors' Health Working Life Pain Management Condition Centers Immune System Allergy Alzheimer's Arthritis Respiratory System Cancer Endocrine System Digestive System Heart and Blood Infectious Disease Mental Health Note: All links within content go to MayoClinic.com Diseases and Conditions Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis From MayoClinic.com Special to CNN.com Overview Still, JRA can be complicated. The term juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is actually an umbrella term for a group of conditions. The conditions are classified according to the number of joints affected, the signs and symptoms, and the results of blood tests. The main categories of JRA are: Pauciarticular JRA. Polyarticular JRA. Systemic JRA. Also known as Still's disease, systemic JRA affects many areas of the body, including joints and internal organs. This is the least common form of JRA. Treatment focuses on ongoing physical activity to maintain full joint movement and strength.

42. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is the most common type of arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic (longlasting) disease that can affect joints http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/3100/3133.asp?index=10370

43. Rheumatoid Arthritis - Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis - Treatment Find information about rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.These conditions can lean to joint pain and swelling. http://orthopedics.about.com/od/rheumatoidarthritis/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a67' About Orthopedics Arthritis Rheumatoid Arthritis Orthopedics Essentials Broken Bone Menu Knee Pain Causes ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Orthopedics newsletter! See Online Courses Search Orthopedics Information About Rheumatoid Arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis are orthopedic conditions characterized by inflammation around joints. Rheumatoid arthritis can lead to joint pain and swelling, but treatment can help this condition. Alphabetical Recent Up a category Rheumatoid Arthritis FAQ Diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is a team effort between the patient and several types of health care professionals. Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis? Find information about common symptoms and rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is a condition that causes joint inflammation and stiffness for more than 6 weeks in a child of 16 years of age or less. New Treatment for Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis A new treatment medication, Enbrel, a genetically engineered human protein, seems to halt progress of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in some patients.

44. ANTIBIOTICS TO TREAT RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, SCLERODERMA, LUPUS, JUVENILE RHEUMATO polymyositis, dermatomyositis, Reiter s Syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosingspondylitis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic diseases. http://www.rheumatic.org/

Home Scientific Publications Frequently Asked Questions Information for you and your doctor ... Useful Links A LEGACY OF HEALTH The life and work of Thomas McPherson Brown M.D TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASE WITH LOW DOSE ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY: RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, SCLERODERMA, LUPUS, POLYMYOSITIS, DERMATOMYOSITIS, PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS, ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS, REITER'S SYNDROME AND JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS The information on this site is provided by physicians experienced in the treatment of inflammatory rheumatic diseases with low dose antibiotics according to the protocol developed by the late Dr. Thomas McPherson Brown, M.D. and by many of the multiple thousands of patients who have benefited from this treatment. The website includes all the information necessary to administer this therapy. Physicians should not attempt antibiotic therapy until they have read the protocol completely as this therapy is unlike any other they may be currently using. There are many components to these diseases and their treatment and antibiotic therapy must be tailored to the individual. Treatment periods are usually long and medication and dosage adjustments may be required. WWW http://www.rheumatic.org

45. JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS HEIDI, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. At almost 2 years of age, Heidi startedgetting fevers for no apparent reason. The doctor suspected a virus. http://www.rheumatic.org/heidi.htm

HEIDI, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis At almost 2 years of age, Heidi started getting fevers for no apparent reason. The doctor suspected a virus. The fevers became more consistent and blood tests were ordered. By this time Heidi was uncomfortable lying down or sitting up. She didn't want to be left alone. The doctor called us with the test results and said we had a very sick little girl. Her white cell count was extremely high and we were to take her to the hospital at once. Blood was drawn every four hours for various tests. There were bone scans, x-rays and a spinal tap but all revealed nothing. Her fevers were 104 degrees and above - nothing they did would cool the fever or bring any comfort. During that hospital stay the new developments appeared. She began cradling her right arm. Being a thumb sucker, this diminished another form of security. It was all such a strange, frightening experience to such a small child. Heidi stopped eating. The doctor searched for the source of the infection. After talking with an infectious disease specialist, it was decided she probably had juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. We were comforted by the fact we knew what we were dealing with, but wondered what the future would bring. The first remedy administered was approximately 21 baby aspirin a day. We ordered a case so we would have plenty on hand. By the end of the first week she was sleeping twenty-two hours or more each day. Something was just not right even though lab tests showed the aspirin level in her system to be correct. As parents, being around someone like that day in and day out gives an advantage the doctors do not have. Something had to change. To test my instinct, the next morning's dose of aspirin was eliminated. Sure enough, there was a change by mid-day. She was now staying awake longer periods and had an interest in eating again. It wasn't until later we discovered it was becoming toxic to her system.

46. HON Mother & Child Glossary, Inflammatory Musculoskeletal Disorders: Rheumatoid juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), also called Idiopathic Arthritis, is themost common type of juvenile arthritis. Arthritis is an inflammation of the http://www.hon.ch/Dossier/MotherChild/child_musculoskeletal/muscoskel_arthritis.

Introduction Reproduction Pregnancy During Pregnancy ... Glossary A-Z Childhood Illness Bacteria Virus Cancer Gastrointestinal ... Mental Health Inflammatory Musculoskeletal Disorders: Rheumatoid Arthritis Description Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid : Rheumatoid arthritis of children occurring in three major subtypes defined by the symptoms present during the first six months following onset: systemic-onset (Still's Disease, Juvenile-Onset) polyarticular-onset, and pauciarticular-onset. Adult-onset cases of Still's disease (STILL'S DISEASE, ADULT-ONSET) are also known. Only one subtype of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive) clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered its childhood equivalent. [1] Tumor Necrosis Factor : Serum glycoprotein produced by activated macrophages and other mammalian mononuclear leukocytes which has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. It mimics the action of endotoxin but differs from it. It has a molecular weight of less than 70,000 kDa. [1] Other HON resources From MedHunt (websites) Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis From HONselect Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid

47. USNews.com: Health: In Brief: Arthritis: Drugs For Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Leflunomide or Methotrexate for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. New EnglandJournal of Medicine. April 21, 2005, Vol. 352, No. 16, pp. 1655–1666. http://www.usnews.com/usnews/health/briefs/arthritis/hb050421a.htm

Home Health In Brief Arthritis Drugs for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis A worldwide trial of two different medications By Betsy Querna I t can be frightening for parents and children when a stiff joint or sore knee turns into a diagnosis of juvenile arthritis. Luckily, there are a variety of different medications to control the disease and ease pain. An international team of researchers compared two drugs from a class of drugs called disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), which are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Acupuncture: Needles may be good for your arthritis Bracelet power: Can you zap arthritis pain with magnets? More about Arthritis Addictions Allergy and Asthma Alternative Medicine Alzheimer's and Neurological Disorders Arthritis Beauty and Appearance Bone Health and Osteoporosis Cancer Breast Cancer Cervical Cancer Colorectal Cancer Leukemia Lung Cancer and Disease Lymphoma Ovarian Cancer Prostate Cancer Skin Cancer Stomach Cancer Testicular Cancer Children's and Teens' Health Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders Digestive Health Ear, Nose, and Throat

48. ► Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis A medical encycopedia article on the topic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/000451.htm

var MenuLinkedBy='AllWebMenus [2]', awmBN='530'; awmAltUrl=''; Disease Nutrition Surgery Symptoms Injury ... Encyclopedia (English) Toggle English Spanish Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis Overview Symptoms Treatment Prevention Definition: A chronic , inflammatory disease that may cause joint or connective tissue damage. The onset occurs before age 16. Alternative Names: Juvenile chronic polyarthritis; JRA; Still's disease Causes, incidence, and risk factors: JRA is thought to belong to the collagen classes of disease (those diseases that involve connective tissue). It is a complicated disease. The primary manifestation is arthritis , but the disease may involve other body systems such as the heart and lining around the heart (pericardium), lungs and lining around the lungs (pleura), eyes, and skin. Systemic arthritis affects 20% of those with juvenile arthritis and includes fever rash , and enlarged spleen splenomegaly ) in addition to joint inflammation . JRA is generally divided into five broad groups depending on whether a large number of joints are involved or just a few, whether the rheumatoid factor (a blood test) is positive or negative, and whether there is eye involvement or not.

49. 33. Koebner Phenomenon B. b. This 10year-old girl with the systemic form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritishas the salmon colored rash where she scratched herself. http://www.pediatrics.wisc.edu/education/derm/tutc/63.html

Tutorial C: Patterns and Distribution 33. KOEBNER PHENOMENON b. This 10-year-old girl with the systemic form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis has the salmon colored rash where she scratched herself. View More Detail

50. Virtual Children's Hospital: Paediapaedia: Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). Michael P. D Alessandro, MD Peer ReviewStatus Internally Peer Reviewed. Clinical Presentation http://www.vh.org/pediatric/provider/radiology/PAP/MSDiseases/JRA.html

Paediapaedia: Musculoskeletal Diseases Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) Michael P. D'Alessandro, M.D. Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed Clinical Presentation: There are two distinct types in children: (1) Seropositive (adult) type which accounts for 15% of the cases in children, has a female predominance, the age of onset is less than 10 years old, it involves the hands predominantly, then the wrist, feet, knees, hips. (2) Stills disease is seronegative, affects the knees, wrists, carpus, ankles, tarsus, cervical spine and has 3 variants (systemic, polyarticular, monarticular or pauciarticular). Etiology/Pathophysiology: Is a connective tissue disease with a predilection for joint involvement. Pathologically is the same as adult rheumatoid arthritis but they differ in clinical presentation, joint involvement and radiographic findings. Distribution is: knee (90% ), ankle (70% ), wrist (70% ), elbow (40% ), hip (35% ), and shoulder. Pathology: Not applicable Imaging Findings: In legs symmetric bilateral periarticular osteopenia involving the epiphyses and metaphyses is seen with overgrowth of the distal femoral and proximal tibial epiphyses, expansion of the intercondylar notch, and epiphyseal erosion with decreased joint space. In the hands periarticular osteopenia is seen around the metatarsal phalangeal and interphalangeal joints with swelling around the wrists and joints of fingers, accelerated skeletal maturation, erosive changes in the carpal bones, distal radius, and ulna with joint space narrowing. The spine is also involved in up to 70% of patients and you see soft tissue swelling, destruction and obliteration of articular surfaces and joint spaces, generalized rarefaction of bone, and focal subchondral necrosis. Affects the true joints between the articular facets the most, and does not affect synarthroses like the intervertebral discs. Diffuse ankylosis of posterior articular joints without disc space abnormalities is diagnostic of JRA.

51. Virtual Children's Hospital: CQQA: Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) Common Questions, Quick Answers on juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) http://www.vh.org/pediatric/patient/pediatrics/cqqa/jra.html

Pediatrics Common Questions, Quick Answers Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) Donna D'Alessandro, M.D. Lindsay Huth, B.A. Peer Review Status: Internally Reviewed Creation Date: May 2002 Last Revision Date: May 2002 Common Questions, Quick Answers What is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis? What causes it? Who can get it? ... When should I call the doctor? What is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis? Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is also known as JRA. It is arthritis that affects children age 16 or younger. In JRA, the body's immune system starts to attack instead of protect the body's tissues. The attack can cause redness, swelling, and pain in the joints. There are three main types of JRA. They include pauciarticular, polyarticular, and systemic. Ask your doctor. What causes it? The cause is not known. It may be due to both genetic factors (from parents) and environmental factors (for example, from infections). Who can get it? Children age 16 and under can get JRA. It is more common in females. What are the signs and symptoms? Symptoms of JRA usually show up around the age of 4 or 5. To be diagnosed for JRA, symptoms must last at least 6 weeks. They may include:

52. AllRefer Health - Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA, Juvenile Chronic Polyarthr juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA, Juvenile Chronic Polyarthritis, Still sDisease) information center covers causes, prevention, symptoms, diagnosis, http://health.allrefer.com/health/juvenile-rheumatoid-arthritis-info.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia Web health.allrefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Health Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis ... Go To Main Page Alternate Names : JRA, Juvenile Chronic Polyarthritis, Still's Disease Definition Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic, inflammatory disease resulting in joint pain and inflammation. It may result in joint damage. It usually occurs before age 16. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis in children. It occurs in between 50-100 per 100,000 children in the United States. JRA is a general term for the most common types of arthritis in children. It is divided in to several categories: Systemic JRA: This form, which occurs in about 10% of cases, involves joint pain and swelling as well as fevers and rash. It is similar to

53. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis -- Topic Overview What is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis? juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA),sometimes called juvenile http://my.webmd.com/hw/rheumatoid_arthritis/hw104393.asp

var guid_source = ""; var guid_source_id = ""; //unused var encodedurl = ""; WebMD Today Home WebMD News Center XML News via RSS Member Services WebMD University My WebMD Find a Physician Medical Info Check Symptoms Medical Library Health Tools Clinical Trials ... Women, Men, Lifestyle Who We Are About WebMD Site Map Health Topics Symptoms ... Credits Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Topic Overview What is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis? Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), sometimes called juvenile chronic arthritis, is a childhood disease that causes inflamed, swollen joints that are often stiff and painful. JRA affects about 1 in 1,000 children aged 16 and younger. There are three types of JRA. Each type is based on the number of joints affected during the first 6 months of active disease: Pauciarticular JRA (also called oligoarthritis) is the most common type, affecting about 60% of all children with JRA. In this type, 1 to 4 joints are affected. Polyarticular JRA (also called polyarthritis) affects about 30% of children with JRA. Five or more joints are affected in this type. Systemic JRA affects 10% of children with JRA. It causes whole-body symptoms, such as fever and rash, which usually occur before joint symptoms appear. Systemic JRA may affect any number of joints.

54. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) – From The Cleveland Clinic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) – From the Cleveland Clinic. http://my.webmd.com/content/article/78/95639.htm

WebMD Today Home WebMD News Center XML News via RSS Member Services WebMD University My WebMD Find a Physician Medical Info Check Symptoms Medical Library Health Tools Clinical Trials ... Women, Men, Lifestyle Who We Are About WebMD Site Map You are in All Conditions ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Bipolar Disorder Breast Cancer Cancer Cholesterol Management Dental Depression Diabetes Epilepsy Eye Health Heart Disease Hepatitis HIV/AIDS Hypertension Men's Conditions Mental Health Migraines/Headaches Multiple Sclerosis Osteoporosis Parkinson's Sexual Conditions Stroke Weight Control Women's Conditions WebMD Medical Reference in collaboration with Get the Facts Types of Arthritis Conditions Related to Arthritis Overuse Injuries ... Causes of Arthritis Arthritis in Kids Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) Benign Hypermobility Syndrome Arthritis: Tests You Take Medications for Arthritis ... To the Arthritis Center Arthritis: Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is the most common type of arthritis affecting children. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that can affect joints in any part of the body. In this disease, the immune system mistakenly targets the tissue that lines the inside of the joint, called the synovium. The synovium responds by making excess fluid (synovial fluid), which leads to swelling, pain and stiffness. The inflammation can then spread to the surrounding tissues, eventually damaging cartilage and bone. Other areas of the body including the eyes, kidneys, lungs and heart also may be affected by the inflammation. Without treatment, JRA can interfere with a child's normal growth and development.

55. Juvenille Rheumatoid Arthritis - DrGreene.com - Caring For The Next Generation juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. I am a vascular surgeon with a daughter who hasbeen diagnosed with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. http://www.drgreene.com/21_805.html

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56. Arthritis - DrGreene.com Arthritis, a disease normally associated with the elderly, can occur in childrentoo. Learn how juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is diagnosed and treated. http://www.drgreene.com/21_1029.html

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57. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Detailed information on juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, including cause, symptom,diagnosis, and treatment. http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/peds_arthritis/juvrheum.cfm

[ Skip Navigation ] Health System Home For Health Answers Healthcare Professionals ... Advanced Search Health System Search Search for Information People UVa Home Health System News Health System Events (all) Health System Publications ... Making a Gift Topics Adolescent Medicine Allergy/Asthma/Immunology Blood Disorders Burns Cancer Common Injuries/Poison Tips Craniofacial Anomalies Dermatology Diabetes/Endo/Metabolism Eye Care Genitourinary/Kidney High-Risk Newborn High-Risk Pregnancy Infectious Diseases Medical Genetics Mental Health Nervous System Disorders Normal Newborns Oral Health Orthopaedics Pediatric Surgery Respiratory Disorders Terminal Illness in Children Transplantation UVa Health Topics A to Z FIND A DOCTOR Pediatric Arthritis Pediatric Rheumatology MAKE AN APPOINTMENT ... CLINICAL TRIALS Search This Site Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis What is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis? Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is a form of arthritis in children ages 15 or younger that causes inflammation and stiffness of joints for more than six weeks. Unlike adult rheumatoid arthritis, which is chronic and lasts a lifetime, children often outgrow juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. However, the disease can affect bone development in the growing child. The disease can be classified into three categories based on the number of and which joints are involved, the symptoms present and their duration, and the presence of specific antibodies produced by the immune system. These three variables often help physicians determine the progression of JRA and include the following:

58. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis What is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis? juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA),sometimes called juvenile chronic arthritis, is a childhood disease that causes http://www.bchealthguide.org/kbase/topic/major/hw104391/descrip.htm

var hwPrint=1;var hwDocHWID="hw104391";var hwDocTitle="Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis";var hwRank="1";var hwSectionHWID="hw104393";var hwSectionTitle="Topic Overview";var hwSource="en-caQ2_05";var hwDocType="Major"; Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Topic Overview What is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis? Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), sometimes called juvenile chronic arthritis, is a childhood disease that causes inflamed, swollen joints that are often stiff and painful. JRA affects about 1 in 1,000 children aged 16 and younger. There are three types of JRA. Each type is based on the number of joints affected during the first 6 months of active disease: Pauciarticular JRA (also called oligoarthritis) is the most common type, affecting about 60% of all children with JRA. In this type, 1 to 4 joints are affected. Polyarticular JRA (also called polyarthritis) affects about 30% of children with JRA. Five or more joints are affected in this type. Systemic JRA affects 10% of children with JRA. It causes whole-body symptoms, such as fever and rash, which usually occur before joint symptoms appear. Systemic JRA may affect any number of joints. Unlike adults with rheumatoid arthritis , most children with JRA do not have long-term disease and disability, and go on to lead healthy adult lives. To reflect this usually good prognosis, an increasing number of international experts are no longer using the term "rheumatoid" to describe this disease. JRA is now often referred to as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA); idiopathic means "of unknown cause."

59. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is a form of arthritis in children ages 16 pauciarticular This is a common form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, http://www.chw.org/display/PPF/DocID/1650/router.asp

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Juvenile Ankylosing Spondylitis Psoriatic Arthritis Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE, or Lupus) ... Common Types of Juvenile Arthritis and Other Rheumatic Diseases : Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis E-mail this page Print this page Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis What is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis? Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is a form of arthritis in children ages 16 or younger that causes inflammation and stiffness of joints for more than six weeks. Unlike adult rheumatoid arthritis, which is chronic and lasts a lifetime, children often experience periods of remission of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. However, the disease can affect bone development in the growing child. The disease can be classified into three categories based on the number of and which joints are involved, the symptoms present and their duration, and the presence of specific antibodies produced by the immune system. These three variables often help physicians determine the progression of JRA and include the following: pauciarticular - This is a common form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, involving four or less joints. Large joints, such as the knees, are typically affected. This type of disease most often affects girls younger than 8 years old.

60. Pediatrics In Review juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is a term used to describe the condition of Bicipital synovial cysts in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis clinical http://medicine.ucsd.edu/peds/Pediatric Links/Links/Rheumatology/Juvenile Rheuma

Pediatrics in Review Volume 18 • Number 10 • October 1997 ARTICLES Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Jane G. Schaller MD David and Leona Karp Professor of Pediatrics; Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. IMPORTANT POINTS There are several reognizable subgroups of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA): systemic-onset, polyarticular, pauciarticular, and late childhood onset. Rheumatoid factor usually is negative in JRA. Systemic-onset JRA is characterized by high intermittent fevers and other extra-articular manifestations: lymphadenopathy, rash, pleuritis, and pericarditis. Iridocyclitis is absent in acute-onset disease but common in patients who have pauciarticular disease. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) remain the front-line and important agents in the therapy of patients who have JRA. Controlled studies show that d -penicillamine, hydroxychloroquine, and oral gold are no more effective than placebo in the treatment of JRA. Introduction Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is a term used to describe the condition of chronic synovitis in children of which there are several distinct subgroups. Chronic synovitis in children was first described well in the English literature in 1897 by George Frederick Still, an English pediatrician and pathologist, who reported on 23 children who had chronic arthritis and came to his attention while he was training at the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street. Still postulated that several separate conditions were responsible for chronic arthritis in children. Little subsequent work in this area was pursued until the late 1940s. Most modern observers have come to agree with Still that chronic arthritis in children encompasses several distinct disease subgroups

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