1. Insulin Resistance Syndrome - March 15, 2001 - American Family Physician American Academy of Family Physicians descriptive site about this condition. Written for medical professionals; also includes patient handouts. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20010315/1159.html

Advanced Search AAFP Home Page Journals Vol. 63/No. 6 (March 15, 2001) Insulin Resistance Syndrome GOUTHAM RAO, M.D., A patient information handout on insulin resistance syndrome, written by the author of this article, is provided on page 1165. A PDF version of this document is available. Download PDF now (5 pages / 67 KB). More information on using PDF files. o It is estimated that this syndrome affects 70 to 80 million Americans. Insulin resistance syndrome is characterized by hyperinsulinemia and an increased prevalence of obesity, hypertension, dyslipemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin stimulates glucose uptake into tissues, and its ability to do so varies greatly among individual persons. In insulin resistance, tissues have a diminished ability to respond to the action of insulin. To compensate for resistance, the pancreas secretes more insulin. Insulin-resistant persons, therefore, have high plasma insulin levels. The syndrome can be defined as a cluster of abnormalities, including obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes, that are associated with insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia. However, a cause-and-effect relationship between insulin resistance, these diseases and the mechanisms through which insulin resistance influences their development has yet to be conclusively demonstrated. Components of Insulin Resistance Syndrome Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 diabetes is the condition most obviously linked to insulin resistance. Compensatory hyperinsulinemia helps maintain normal glucose levelsoften for decadesbefore overt diabetes develops. Eventually the beta cells of the pancreas are unable to overcome insulin resistance through hypersecretion. Glucose levels rise, and a diagnosis of diabetes can be made.

2. Treatment Of Insulin Resistance A physician's opinion and recommendations on this topic. http://www.drmirkin.com/diabetes/D222.html

3. Insulin Resistance Defines what it is and lists symptoms and causes including dietary considerations.From Stanford. http://syndromex.stanford.edu/InsulinResistance.htm

Insulin Resistance What is Insulin? What is insulin resistance? Why is insulin resistance in the news? What is Syndrome X? ... Glossary What is Insulin? Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas. It helps the body utilize blood glucose (blood sugar) by binding with receptors on cells like a key would fit into a lock. Once the key insulin- has unlocked the door, the glucose can pass from the blood into the cell. Inside the cell, glucose is either used for energy or stored for future use in the form of glycogen in liver or muscle cells. What is insulin resistance? Insulin resistance occurs when the normal amount of insulin secreted by the pancreas is not able to unlock the door to cells. To maintain a normal blood glucose, the pancreas secretes additional insulin. In some cases (about 1/3 of the people with insulin resistance), when the body cells resist or do not respond to even high levels of insulin, glucose builds up in the blood resulting in high blood glucose or type 2 diabetes. Even people with diabetes who take oral medication or require insulin injections to control their blood glucose levels can have higher than normal blood insulin levels due to insulin resistance. Why is insulin resistance in the news?

4. Diabetes: If You Need Insulin Describes how insulin resistance can lead to high blood sugar. By GlaxoSmithKline. http://www.diabeteslife.com/insulin_resistance.html

var fbstatus = 'STATUS_OFF'; var fbpf=0; var fullWebAppPath="http://www.diabetes.com/WPGEWeb/controller"; var websiteUrl="http://www.diabetes.com"; var nvpTopicId="1020"; var nvpLanguageId="1000"; var nvpCurrentViewReg="/ArticleDisplayView"; var ver='6.1.2EnPro'; var dynLoad=0; var dynPref='tree'; If You Need Insulin People with type 1 diabetes need to take insulin to control their blood sugar. But many people with type 2 diabetes can manage their disease with diet, physical activity, and medicine(s). Still, over time, people with type 2 diabetes may need insulin There are four major types of insulin. Your healthcare provider will tell you which type to take. This will depend on your weight, when you eat, how often you exercise, and whether your body produces any insulin. Giving yourself injections You will have to learn how to give yourself injections. You may use a syringe, a pump, a pre-filled pen, or a jet-spray injector that does not use a needle. Your healthcare provider will help you decide what is the best way to take your insulin. Also of Interest Testing your blood sugar See how type 2 diabetes develops in the body.

5. Insulin Resistance Syndrome Key questions about the causes, prevalence, assessment, prevention, and treatment.From the American College of Endocrinology Conference. http://www.aace.com/pub/BMI/findings.php

Quick Search AACEOnline AACE 2005 Endocrine Coding Manual Click Here to View Collection Members Only Login Your e-mail password Remember my Password on this Computer Need help logging in? Click here. Findings and Recommendations from the American College of Endocrinology Conference on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome On August 25-26, members of the American College of Endocrinology met in Washington D.C., where national and international experts addressed key questions about the causes, prevalence, assessment, prevention and treatment of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome. The following is a summary of the findings from that conference. 1. What is the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (IRS)? The Insulin Resistance Syndrome describes a condition that is characterized by decreased tissue sensitivity to the action of insulin, leading to a compensatory increase in insulin secretion. This metabolic dysfunction leads to a cluster of abnormalities with serious clinical consequences, most importantly, cardiovascular disease and/or type 2 diabetes. The Insulin Resistance Syndrome Conference extended the concept of the Metabolic Syndrome (NCEP/ATP III) by: 1) Addressing the underlying pathophysiology of insulin resistance, which leads not only to cardiovascular disease, but also to diabetes and other disorders.

6. Insulin Resistance Syndrome - 3rd World Congress Serves to inform people not only of the insulin resistance syndrome, but also of a physicians' congress on the topic. http://www.insulinresistance.us

International Academy Of Cardiology Today: Friday, 9th September 2005, at 12:48:08 A.M. PST Hover mouse to scroll - Up Down NEWS init_ticker("ticker1", ".....Thank you for visiting , just a quick note, Abstract submission deadline is September 30th....", 200, 1);

7. Insulin Resistance Syndrome - March 15, 2001 - American Family insulin resistance Syndrome. GOUTHAM RAO, M.D., University of Pittsburgh Medical Center St. Margaret, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. Insulin Resistance Syndrome Woman s Diagnostic Cyber Article about insulin resistance Syndrome. http://www.wdxcyber.com/ngen10.htm

Insulin Resistance Syndrome Frederick R. Jelovsek MD Insulin resistance is an impaired metabolic response to our body's own insulin so that active muscle cells cannot take up glucose as easily as they should. In that situation, the blood insulin levels are chronically higher which inhibits our fat cells from giving up their energy stores to let us lose weight. This disorder is associated with obesity, hypertension, abnormal triglycerides, glucose intolerance (syndrome 'X") and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Many women with polycystic ovaries have this as well as women who have gestational diabetes in pregnancy. Up to 50% of patients with hypertension are estimated to have insulin resistance. The main problem is that this condition can exist unrecognized and metabolic damage can occur before a full blown Type 2 diabetes is finally diagnosed. Insulin resistant diabetics are 2-5 times more likely to die from heart attack or stroke than are non diabetics. While the complete mechanism of this disease is as yet unknown, a recent article, Granberry MC, Fonseca VA:

9. Articles "The Insulin Resistance Syndrome" The insulin resistance Syndrome. Jennifer B. Marks MD University of Miami School of Medicine http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. Avandia: Home Provides type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance information. Offers treatment options and tips for a healthier lifestyle. By GlaxoSmithKline. http://www.diabeteslife.com

Search: You're doing your part to manage your type 2 diabetes. You're eating healthier, exercising, and taking your medication. Sometimes even that might not be enough. Avandia or Avandamet may help. Along with diet and exercise, Avandia or Avandamet can help lower blood sugar by helping your body better use its own natural insulin. What you Should Know About Avandia What you Should Know About Managing Diabetes! What you Should Know About the Complications of Diabetes! Learn how Avandia works Click here for Important Safety Information for Avandia and Avandamet , including information about a serious medical condition called lactic acidosis and who should not take Avandamet Prescribing Information for Avandia Prescribing Information for Avandamet ... Avandamet This site is intended for US residents only. Legal Notices Privacy Statement Consumer Savings Contact Us

11. Insulin Resistance Syndrome The following is a summary of the findings from that conference. 1. What is the insulin resistance Syndrome (IRS)? http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. Insulin Resistance Syndrome - March 15, 2001 - American Family Physician How would I know I have insulin resistance syndrome? No simple test can tell thatyou have insulin resistance syndrome. If one (or more) of the following is http://www.aafp.org/afp/20010315/1165ph.html

Advanced Search AAFP Home Page Journals Vol. 63/No. 6 (March 15, 2001) Please note: This information was as current as we could make it on the date given above. But medical information is always changing, and some information given here may be out of date. For regularly updated information on a variety of health topics, please visit familydoctor.org , the AAFP patient education Web site. An article on this topic is available in this issue of AFP Insulin Resistance Syndrome To find your waist-to-hip ratio, measure the smallest part of your waist with a tape measure. Don't hold in your stomach while you measure! Now measure the biggest part of your hips with a tape measure. Measure the part where your buttocks stick out the most. Divide your waist measurement by your hip measurement. The answer is your waist-to-hip ratio. A ratio that is bigger than 1.0 (for men) or 0.8 (for women) shows that your abdomen is obese. Note: the word "obese" means very much overweight. What is insulin resistance syndrome?

13. Siteindex Provides nutritional information from a variety of sources. The focus is on low and moderate carbohydrate programs, and exercise with the long term goal of improving women's health. Special attention is given to insulin resistance, PCOS and Syndrome X. http://home.comcast.net/~cnmpat/siteindex.htm

http://home.comcast.net/~cnmpat/siteindex.htm Insulin Resistance Informational Site http://home.comcast.net/~creationsunltd/insulinresistance.htm WWW http://home.comcast.net s="na";c="na";j="na";f=""+escape(document.referrer) Blood Sugar Stages and Insulin Level Lab work Common Lab work and Screening Measures Diabetes Prevention and Syndrome X ... American Heart Association on Syndrome X Insulin Resistance and Impaired Glucose Tolerance: http://syndromex.stanford.edu/InsulinResistance.htm Consensus Statement on Insulin Resistance http://www.diabetes.org/diabetescare/1998-02/pg310.htm The Apple Figure and Insulin Sensitivity http://www.diabetesnet.com/irtips.php Diabetes Types http://www.diabetesnet.com/diabetes_types/index.php Pre-Diabetes Low Carb Web Sites and Low Carb Cooking Diversity in Body Types Ayurveda Body Types http://www.ayur.com/about.html#Principles Body Positive http://www.bodypositive.com/ Different Bodies, Different Diets Dr. Carolyn l. Mein http://www.bodytype.com/

14. Blood Sugar Level For Diabetics What Is Insulin Resistance? Definition of insulin resistance. Discussion boards, selfmanagement programs, exercices to reduce it. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. Insulin Resistance And Pre-Diabetes Reviews causes and symptoms of insulin resistance, discusses how insulin resistancediagnosis, who is at risk, ways to treat insulin resistance to avoid http://www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/insulinresistance/

Email To A Friend PDF Version Also see: Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Diabetes Prevention Program Home Diabetes A-Z List of Topics and Titles : Insulin Resistance and Pre-Diabetes Insulin Resistance and Pre-Diabetes What does insulin do? How are insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, and type 2 diabetes linked? What causes insulin resistance? What are the symptoms of insulin resistance and pre-diabetes? ... Points to Remember Insulin resistance is a silent condition that increases the chances of developing diabetes and heart disease. Learning about insulin resistance is the first step you can take toward making lifestyle changes that will help you prevent diabetes and other health problems. What does insulin do? After you eat, the food is broken down into glucose, the simple sugar that is the main source of energy for the body's cells. But your cells cannot use glucose without insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas. Insulin helps the cells take in glucose and convert it to energy. When the pancreas does not make enough insulin or the body is unable to use the insulin that is present, the cells cannot use glucose. Excess glucose builds up in the bloodstream, setting the stage for diabetes. Being obese or overweight affects the way insulin works in your body. Extra fat tissue can make your body resistant to the action of insulin, but exercise helps insulin work well.

16. Syndrome X Association - Home Support and education for those suffering from obesity, insulin resistance, PCOS and a host of related conditions that make up Metabolic Syndrome X. http://www.syndromexassoc.org

Home About Us Signs and Symptoms Treatment Professional ... Join Our Mailing List Free Membership To become a member, simply join our mailing list Syndrome X Association Living With Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome X Welcome! Someone is finally listening. We have been sick, overweight and tired. Now we have the one thing that we need to make us well again~ HOPE . Here, you will find the information that you need to understand the complexities of this condition. Our goal at the Syndrome X Association is to be a resource and support for those of us with Metabolic Syndrome X and the healthcare providers that serve us. What is Metabolic Syndrome X? Metabolic Syndrome X (also known as the metabolic syndrome, syndrome x and insulin resistance syndrome) is a cluster of symptoms that may be caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors that increase a person's risk of diabetes, heart disease and stroke. Signs and Symptoms Fatigue Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Depression Central Obesity Hormonal Disturbances Sleep Apnea Hypertension Peripheral Neuropathy Skin Tags High Cholesterol Uncontrolled Diabetes Ancanthosis Nigricans Elevated Triglycerides Coronary Heart Disease Heart Palpitations Difficulty Losing Weight Blurred Vision Memory Problems Diagnosis The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes.htm

17. Syndrome-X The complete nutritional program to prevent and reverse insulin resistance. By Jack Challem, The Nutrition Reporter Burt Berkson, M.D., Ph.D. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

18. PCOS And Carbohydrates Several links about insulin resistance and carbohydratecontrolled diets. http://oak.cats.ohiou.edu/~cp391990/carb.html

PCOS and Carbohydrates Although there is no cure for PCOS, some women, including myself, have found a great deal of success by controlling the amount of carbohydrates that they consume each day. This type of treatment springs from the idea that PCOS and insulin resistance are linked. Not only do women who follow a carbohydrate-controlled diets lose weight, but they also find that their other symptoms, anovulation, hirisutism, and acne, improve as well. I have found controlling carbohydrates to be enormously beneficial to the improvement of my own symptoms. Read my story to find out more. Below are several links about insulin resistance and carbohydrate-controlled diets. Information on Low-Carb Diets A Brief Introduction to the Low Carb Concept Low Carbohydrate FAQ Low Carb Newbie's Handbook Low Carb Diet FAQ ... Everything Low Carb Treating PCOS with Carb-Controlled Diets PCOS.netLow Carb Dieting

19. Insulin Resistance Syndrome Woman's Diagnostic Cyber Article about insulin resistance Syndrome http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

20. CME On Diabetes - Access The Latest Developments In Diabetes Today! Provides online CME courses, conferences, medical journal articles, study cases, medical news, and medical resources on type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. http://www.cmeondiabetes.com/

Español (soon!) - September 9, 2005 CMEonDiabetes is a website built to transmit top-level CME conferences (slides with voice-over) given by international experts in endocrinology prediabetes , the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: epidemiology pathophysiology and notably insulin resistance prevention and management: lifestyle and behaviour and pharmacologic treatment . This site also offers conference reports and key study results updated daily, and represents a unique platform for the exchange of medical information on diabetes. The principal themes presented are Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. st International Congress on "Prediabetes" and the Metabolic Syndrome BERLIN 2005 Click here to access the exclusive webcast of the congress! Measuring Insulin in Clinical Practice " In this presentation Prof. Matthews discusses some philosophical aspects about insulin resistance and ways in which it can be measured. In the clinical setting, assessment of insulin resistance can be..." Prof. David R. Matthews

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