101. Hypoparathyroidism Complete online version of The Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging including text and images from The Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging s eight book volumes http://www.amershamhealth.com/medcyclopaedia/medical/Volume III 1/HYPOPARATHYROI

financial services our commitment our company Search Medcyclopaedia for: Search marked text (mark text before you click) Browse entry words starting with: A B C D ... amershamhealth.com Hypoparathyroidism, an endocrine disease involving deficiency of parathyroid hormone or end-organ resistance to the action of the hormone. It is characterized by hypocalcaemia and its neuromuscular symptoms and signs. Deficient levels of parathyroid hormone most commonly result from excision or trauma to the parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery. An idiopathic hypoparathyroidism in which the parathyroid glands are absent or atrophied can also occur. End-organ unresponsiveness to parathyroid hormone is seen in pseudohypoparathyroidism and pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism . Rare forms of hypoparathyroidism caused by irradiation to the gland and as a response of an infant to hyperparathyroidism in the mother may also occur. General radiographic abnormalities of hypoparathyroidism include osteoporosis, calvarial thickening, hypoplastic dentition, subcutaneous calcification, basal ganglion calcification, premature fusion of physes and spinal ossification. Increased radiodensity of the skeleton, including peculiar bandlike areas in the metaphyses of long bones, also may be present. Rarely distinctive abnormalities of the spine resembling those of ankylosing spondylitis or diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis DISH have been reported, such as calcification of the anterior longitudinal ligament and posterior paraspinal ligaments with spinal osteophytes.

102. Frankford Hospitals - Hypoparathyroidism Detailed information on hypoparathyroidism, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. A consumer web site for Frankford Hospitals, a community hospital http://www.frankfordhospitals.org/healthinfo/adult/endocrin/hypopar.html

Topic Home Page Topic Index Hypoparathyroidism What is hypoparathyroidism? Hypoparathyroidism is caused by underactive parathyroid glands. Underactive parathyroid glands produce too little parathyroid hormones, which in turn causes low levels of calcium in the blood stream. The low levels of calcium lead to tetany, an increased excitability of the nerves. Causes of parathyroidism include accidental removal of a parathyroid gland when the thyroid is removed, or when part of the parathyroid tissue is removed. Other causes include absent parathyroid glands from birth or the sudden stop of functioning due to unknown reasons. What are symptoms of hypoparathyroidism? The following are the most common symptoms of hypoparathyroidism. However, each individual may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include: uncontrollable, painful spasms of the face, hands, arms, and feet seizures The symptoms of hypoparathyroidism may resemble other conditions or medical problems. Always consult your physician for a diagnosis. How is hypoparathyroidism diagnosed?

103. Disease - Hypoparathyroidism - Hartford, Connecticut Disease hypoparathyroidism - courtesy of Saint Francis Care of Hartford, Connecticut, contemporary medicine with major clinical concentrations in heart http://www.saintfranciscare.com/12533.cfm

@import url(main.css); About Us Health Information Health Focus Todays Breast Health News ... Ways To Help Adam Article Manager Back Back to main Health Information page Disease - Hypoparathyroidism Endocrine glands Definition: Hypoparthyroidism is a deficiency of parathyroid hormone that causes abnormal metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. Causes And Risk: Calcium and phosphorus are important body minerals. They form the mineral component of bones, and they exist as charged particles called ions in the blood and inside cells. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates the amount of calcium and phosphorus in bone and blood. The four small parathyroid glands located in the neck, behind the thyroid, make PTH. Hypoparathyroidism is the clinical condition caused by a lack of PTH. Blood calcium levels fall, and phosphorus levels rise. Low blood calcium levels may cause symptoms such as tingling of the lips, fingers, and toes, and muscle cramps or spasms. The most common cause of hypoparathyroidism is injury to the parathyroid glands during head and neck surgery. Rarely, hypoparathyroidism is a side effect of radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism . PTH secretion may be impaired when blood levels of magnesium are low or when blood pH is too high, a condition called metabolic alkalosis.

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