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         Hyperparathyroidism:     more books (71)
  1. Guidelines reduce calcium threshold for surgery. (Asymptomatic Hyperparathyroidism).(Brief Article): An article from: Family Practice News by Timothy F. Kirn, 2002-08-01
  2. Severe secondary hyperparathyroidism. (Case Study).(Statistical Data Included)(Brief Article): An article from: Nephrology Nursing Journal by Debbie Foerster, Christine Chmielewski, 2001-12-01
  3. Treating hyperparathyroidism with cinacalcet HCl (Sensipar[R]).(Clinical Consult)(hydrochloride): An article from: Nephrology Nursing Journal by James A. Sloand, 2007-05-01
  4. Hyperparathyroidism: An entry from Thomson Gale's <i>Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine</i> by Mai Tran, 2001
  5. Hyperparathyroidism: An entry from Gale's <i>Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed.</i> by Teresa Odle, 2006
  6. Surgical Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism (Current Problems in Surgery, XXII (22)) by Chiu-an Wang MD, 1985
  7. Primary hyperparathyroidism;: Clinical and structural findings in 138 cases, (Acta chirurgica Scandinavica) by John Hellström, 1962
  8. Bone densitometry patients with asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (SuDoc HE 20.6512/7:995/6) by U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services, 1995
  9. Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Critical Review by L.N. Pyrah, etc., 1966-04
  10. HYPERPARATHYROIDISM. [Amer. Lecture Series, # 173] by B. Marden Black, 1953-01-01
  11. Studies of water clear cell hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands and radiation-induced hyperparathyroidism by Ingmar Hedman, 1983
  12. Hyperparathyroidism: A patient handbook by Sheldon S Stoffer, 1988
  13. Diagnosis and management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism : January 1986 through September 1990, 1057 citations (SuDoc HE 20.3615/2:90-11) by Karen Patrias, 1990
  14. Primary hyperparathyroidism

41. Symptoms Of Parathyroid Disease Are Discussed: Parathyroid Symptoms Include: Ost
Since parathyroid gland disease (hyperparathyroidism) was first described in 1925, Other symptoms of hyperparathyroidism (parathyroid disease) are the
http://www.parathyroid.com/parathyroid-symptoms.htm
Section 2. Parathyroid Disease: Hyper-
Parathyroidism

Parathyroid Disease Causes Symptoms in Almost All People. This Page Covers Parathyroid Symptoms and Symptoms Associated with Disease of the Parathyroid Glands (Hyperparathyroidism).
Since parathyroid gland disease (hyperparathyroidism) was first described in 1925, the symptoms have become known as "moans, groans, stones, and bones ...with psychic overtones" Although about 5-7% of people with parathyroid disease (hyperparathyroidism) claim they don't have symptoms and to feel fine when the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism is made, almost 100% of parathyroid patients will actually say they feel better after the parathyroid problem has been curedproving they had symptoms. The bottom line: Nearly ALL patients with parathyroid problems have symptoms. Sometimes the symptoms are real obvious, like kidney stones, frequent headaches, and depression. Sometimes the symptoms are not so obvious, like high blood pressure and the inability to concentrate. If you have symptoms, you are almost guaranteed to feel remarkably better once the parathyroid tumor has been removed. As we often tell our parathyroid patients: "you will be amazed at how a 16 minute mini-procedure will change your life!"
Symptoms of Parathyroid Disease
Loss of energy. Don't feel like doing much. Tired all the time.

42. Introduction: Hyperparathyroidism - WrongDiagnosis.com
Introduction to hyperparathyroidism as a medical condition including symptoms, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis.
http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/h/hyperparathyroidism/intro.htm
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Current chapter:
Hyperparathyroidism
Next sections Basic Summary for Hyperparathyroidism Prevalence and Incidence of Hyperparathyroidism Prognosis of Hyperparathyroidism Types of Hyperparathyroidism ... Causes of Hyperparathyroidism Next chapters: Legg-Calve-Perthes disease Marfan syndrome Mastoiditis Neurofibromatosis-1 ... Feedback
Introduction: Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism: Hyperparathyroidism refers to an excess secretion of hormones by the parathyroid glands , and this alters calcium metabolism. Hyperparathyroidism: If the glands secrete too much hormone, as in hyperparathyroidism, the balance is disrupted: blood calcium rises. This condition of excessive calcium in the blood, called hypercalcemia, is what usually signals the doctor that something may be wrong with the parathyroid glands. Researching symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism: Further information about the symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism is available including a list of symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism , other diseases that might have similar symptoms in differential diagnosis of Hyperparathyroidism , or alternatively return to research other symptoms in the symptom center Misdiagnosis and Hyperparathyroidism: Research more detailed information about misdiagnosis of Hyperparathyroidism underlying causes of Hyperparathyroidism (possibly misdiagnosed), or research

43. Article: Hyperparathyroidism: NIDDK - WrongDiagnosis.com
Medical article hyperparathyroidism NIDDK including all symptom, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment and prevention information.
http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/artic/hyperparathyroidism_niddk.htm
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Hyperparathyroidism: NIDDK
Next chapters: HYPERTENSION AND AFRICAN AMERICAN WOMEN: NWHIC Hypoglycemia: NIDDK Hysterectomy: NWHIC IBS: NIDDK ... Feedback
Hyperparathyroidism: NIDDK
Article title: Hyperparathyroidism: NIDDK Main condition: Hyperparathyroidism Conditions: Hyperparathyroidism Parathyroid Primary hyperparathyroidism is a disorder of the parathyroid glands. Most people with this disorder have one or more enlarged, overactive parathyroid glands that secrete too much parathyroid hormone. In secondary hyperparathyroidism, a problem such as kidney failure makes the body resistant to the action of parathyroid hormone. This e-pub focuses on primary hyperparathyroidism.
What Are the Parathyroid Glands?

44. Hyperparathyroidism
In hyperparathyroidism, your parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid A majority of people with hyperparathyroidism have no signs or symptoms.
http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/library/DS/00396.html
International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Autos SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters Your E-mail Alerts RSS ... Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com In association with:
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Endocrine System Graves' disease Goiter Male hypogonadism Hyperthyroidism ... Pheochromocytoma INFORMATION CENTERS: Pick a category Health Centers Family Health Men's Health Women's Health Children's Health Seniors' Health Working Life Pain Management Condition Centers Immune System Allergy Alzheimer's Arthritis Respiratory System Cancer Endocrine System Digestive System Heart and Blood Infectious Disease Mental Health Note: All links within content go to MayoClinic.com Diseases and Conditions Hyperparathyroidism From MayoClinic.com
Special to CNN.com
Overview You have four small parathyroid glands, one located on each of the corners of another gland, the thyroid, which is located at the base of your neck. In spite of the similarity in name and location, the parathyroid glands and thyroid gland are separate glands with very different functions. Your thyroid gland helps regulate nearly every aspect of your metabolism, from how quickly your heart beats to the rate at which you burn calories. The parathyroid glands, on the other hand, produce a hormone that helps maintain the proper balance of calcium and phosphorus in your body.

45. Hyperparathyroidism
hyperparathyroidism causes porosity of the bones, but it does so because PTH increases both uptake of calcium into the bones and deportation of calcium from
http://www.4.waisays.com/hyperpara.htm
Hyperparathyroidism In hyperparathyroidism the parathyroid hormone (PTH) level is elevated, the number of osteoblasts is markedly increased, and the bones become porous. In hyperparathyroidism BMD values can differ very much per bone, and some BMD values can even be elevated due to increased osteoblast activity. So what exact influence has PTH on the bones? PTH stimulates uptake of calcium into the bones, osteoblast apoptosis and deportation of calcium from the bones. This is exactly the opposite of the influence of estrogen, and since estrogen is protective, excessive PTH logically accelerates osteoporosis. Estrogen and PTH do not just have opposite effects on bone; estrogen also prevents the PTH level from increasing too much. When estrogen level is at its lowest (around menstruation and after menopause), PTH level is at its highest. That is why hyperparathyroidism is common in postmenopausal women and estrogen administration is an effective therapy. If a lack of estrogen caused the hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomy does not result in complete bone-reparation, of course. Besides estrogen, calcitriol also inhibits PTH secretion. Though calcitriol has similar, but less strong effects on bones, supplementary calcitriol can per saldo strongly decrease uptake of calcium into the bones and deportation from the bones

46. Hyperparathyroidism
Primary hyperparathyroidism Uncontrolled production of PTH as a result of a Secondary hyperparathyroidism Develops when PTH is continuously produced
http://www.dental.mu.edu/oralpath/lesions/hyperparathyroidism/hyperparathyroidis
Hyperparathyroidism Loss of bone mineralization (osteoporosis) because of increased PTH secretion (primary) or increased demand for serum calcium (secondary) , resulting in multiple systemic complications, loss of alveolar bone architecture, and occasionally giant cell tumor ("brown tumor"). Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Uncontrolled production of PTH as a result of a parathyroid adenoma or parathyroid hperplasia. Generalized disorder of calcium, phosphate, and bone metabolism due to an increase secretion of parathyroid hormone. The elevation of circulating hormone usually leads to hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia. Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: Develops when PTH is continuously produced in response to chronic low levels of serum calcium, A physiologic response to renal failure. Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism: Occurs after secondary hyperparathyroidism when the external factor is corrected but the parathyroid glands remain hyperplastic.
Clinical Features: enlargement of one or more parathyroid glands female dilection middle aged adults usually asymptomatic elevated serum parathyroid hormone and blood calcium levels may present with kidney stones Radiographic Features: reduction in cortical bone density well defined cystic radiolucency unilocular or multilocular loss of lamina dura around the associated teeth Differential Diagnosis: Brown tumor cherubism aneurysmal bone cyst

47. Hyperparathyroidism
hyperparathyroidism. What is hyperparathyroidism? hyperparathyroidism is caused by overactive parathyroid glands. Overactive parathyroid glands produce too
http://ymghealthinfo.org/content.asp?page=P00407

48. Hyperparathyroidism
DESCRIPTION hyperparathyroidism represents a loss in control of the body s Primary hyperparathyroidism direct hyperfunction of the parathyroid glands
http://www.5mcc.com/Assets/SUMMARY/TP0446.html
Hyperparathyroidism
DESCRIPTION: Hyperparathyroidism represents a loss in control of the body's normal regulatory feedback mechanism on the parathyroid glands and their ability to maintain a normal serum calcium
  • Primary hyperparathyroidism - direct hyperfunction of the parathyroid glands due to either glandular hyperplasia or adenoma
  • Secondary hyperparathyroidism - usually found in chronic renal disease or vitamin D deficient states which cause hyperplasia of all four glands and associated increase in activity
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN syndromes) - disease states with associated endocrine malfunctions with parathyroid gland hyperplasia leading to a hyperparathyroid state
  • Parathyroid carcinoma - extremely rare

System(s) affected: Endocrine/Metabolic
Genetics: N/A
Incidence/Prevalence in USA:
  • Rare in children
  • Male adults 60 years or older - 100 cases/100,000
  • Female adults 60 years or older - 300-400 cases/100,000
  • All-age adjusted incidence - 42 cases/100,000
  • Prevalence all ages - 250 cases/100,000 population

Predominant age: Age greater than 50
Predominant sex:
CAUSES:

  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
    • Caused by usually one but sometimes multiple parathyroid gland hyperplasia or adenomatous changes which cause an unregulated increase of parathyroid hormone (PTH) production and release, causing increase in serum calcium

49. Hyperparathyroidism
CHC Wausau Hospital s Medical Library and Patient Education Center provides research services and healthcare information to physicians,
http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00052070.html

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Definition Description Causes ... Resources
Hyperparathyroidism
Definition
Parathyroid glands are four pea-sized glands located just behind the thyroid gland in the front of the neck. The function of parathyroid glands is to produce a hormone called parathyroid hormone (parathormone), which helps regulate calcium and phosphorous in the body. Hyperparathyroidism is the overproduction of this hormone. Description
Thyroid glands and parathyroid glands, despite their similar name and proximity, are entirely separate, and each produces hormones with different functions. Hyperparathyroidism may be primary or secondary. It most often occurs in those over age 30, and most commonly in patients 50 to 60 years old. It rarely occurs in children or the elderly. Women are affected by the disease up to three times more often than men. It is estimated that 28 of every 100,000 people in the United States will develop hyperparathyroidism each year. Normally, parathyroid glands produce the parathormone as calcium levels drop and lower to meet the demands of a growing skeleton, pregnancy , or lactation . However, when one or more parathyroid glands malfunctions, it can lead to overproduction of the hormone and elevated calcium level in the blood. Therefore, a common result of hyperparathyroidism is

50. AllRefer Health - Hyperparathyroidism
hyperparathyroidism information center covers causes, prevention, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, incidence, risk factors, signs, tests, support groups,
http://health.allrefer.com/health/hyperparathyroidism-info.html

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Definition Hyperparathyroidism is excessive production of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands.
Parathyroid Glands The parathyroid glands are located at the front and base of the neck around the thyroid gland. They produce parathyroid hormone , which regulates calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium levels within the blood and bone. When calcium levels are too low, the body responds by increasing production of parathyroid hormone. This increase in parathyroid hormone causes more calcium to be taken from the bone and more calcium to be reabsorbed by the intestines and kidney. When the cacium level returns to normal, parathyroid hormone production slows down. Excess parathyroid hormone can be produced for a variety of reasons. In some cases, parathyroid hormone is produced without regard to the calcium levels. This is called "primary hyperparathyroidism" and is caused by enlargement of one or more of the parathyroid glands. It is a common disorder affecting about 1 in 1000 people. The high levels of calcium and parathyroid hormone affect several body systems, including the skeletal, gastrointestinal

51. AllRefer Health - Primary Hyperparathyroidism (Parathyroid-Related Hypercalcemia
Primary hyperparathyroidism (ParathyroidRelated Hypercalcemia) information center covers causes, prevention, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, incidence,
http://health.allrefer.com/health/primary-hyperparathyroidism-info.html

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Web health.allrefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Health Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
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Alternate Names : Parathyroid-Related Hypercalcemia Definition Primary hyperparathyroidism involves excessive production of parathyroid hormone caused by enlargement of one or more of the parathyroid glands.
Endocrine Glands
Parathyroid Glands The parathyroid glands are located at the front and base of the neck at the 4 corners of the thyroid gland. The glands produce parathyroid hormone PTH ), which regulates calcium and phosphorus balance in the body.

52. Hyperparathyroidism - Mesa Veterinary Hospital
Primary hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which the parathyroid gland secretes Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by a tumor or overgrowth of the
http://www.mesavet.com/library/hyperparathyroidism.htm

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The winner of our Senior Pet Challenge contest is Lesilie Peterson of Chandler, Arizona. Lesilie owns a senior dog and cats. She'll receive 100 pounds of Hill's Science Diet Dog Food. The winner was selected from the correct entries received. Congratulations Lesilie!
Hyperparathyroidism
The parathyroid gland helps regulate calcium levels in the blood. When calcium levels are low, the parathyroid gland released parathyroid hormone (PTH), which causes the release of calcium from the bones into the blood. The parathyroid gland is found very close to the thyroid gland, in the neck region. Primary hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which the parathyroid gland secretes too much PTH, and causes there to be too much calcium in the blood. Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by a tumor or overgrowth of the parathyroid gland.

53. From The Grand Rounds Archive At Baylor
Primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is the number one cause of hypercalcemia in the Primary hyperparathyroidism is the result of an adenoma,
http://www.bcm.edu/oto/grand/12094.html
Grand Rounds Archives
The information contained within the Grand Rounds Archive is intended for use by doctors and other health care professionals. These documents were prepared by resident physicians for presentation and discussion at a conference held at The Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas. No guarantees are made with respect to accuracy or timeliness of this material. This material should not be used as a basis for treatment decisions, and is not a substitute for professional consultation and/or peer-reviewed medical literature. PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
January 20, 1994
S. Mark Overholt, M.D. Primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is the number one cause of hypercalcemia in the non-hospitalized patient, with malignancy predominating in hospitalized patients. The male to female ratio is 1:2, and the incidence increases with age. Prevalence figures show a peak level in females over the age of 40 with 1 in 500 having primary HPT. The overall prevalence in males is 1 in 2000. Hyperparathyroidism can be classified into three distinct entities. Primary hyperparathyroidism is the result of an adenoma, glandular hyperplasia, or carcinoma. Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a reactive hyperplastic phenomenon. Tertiary hyperparathyroidism is a term used to describe the instance where secondary hyperparathyroidism has become "autonomous."

54. Dr. Koop - Hyperparathyroidism
hyperparathyroidism is excessive production of by the parathyroid glands.
http://www.drkoop.com/ency/93/001215.html
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Hyperparathyroidism
Definition: Hyperparathyroidism is excessive production of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: The parathyroid glands are located at the front and base of the neck around the thyroid gland. They produce parathyroid hormone , which regulates calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium levels within the blood and bone. When calcium levels are too low, the body responds by increasing production of parathyroid hormone. This increase in parathyroid hormone causes more calcium to be taken from the bone and more calcium to be reabsorbed by the intestines and kidney. When the calcium level returns to normal, parathyroid hormone production slows down. Excess parathyroid hormone can be produced for a variety of reasons. In some cases, parathyroid hormone is produced without regard to the calcium levels. This is called "primary hyperparathyroidism" and is caused by enlargement of one or more of the parathyroid glands. It is a common disorder affecting about 1 in 1,000 people. The high levels of calcium and parathyroid hormone affect several body systems, including the skeletal, gastrointestinal, renal , muscular, and central nervous system "Secondary hyperparathyroidism" is when the body produces extra parathyroid hormone because the calcium levels are too low. This is seen when vitamin D levels are low or when calcium is not absorbed from the intestines. Correcting the calcium level and the underlying problem will bring the parathyroid levels in the normal range.

55. Dr. Koop - Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Excessive production of this hormone caused by increased activity of these glands is known as hyperparathyroidism. When this occurs in response to low blood
http://www.drkoop.com/ency/93/000318.html
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Secondary hyperparathyroidism
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Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Definition: The parathyroids are four glands in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone to help control calcium metabolism. Excessive production of this hormone caused by increased activity of these glands is known as hyperparathyroidism. When this occurs in response to low blood calcium caused by another condition, the condition is called secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Parathyroid hormone helps maintain blood calcium by regulating bone turnover, absorption of calcium from the gut, and excretion of calcium in the urine. Many disorders may lead to secondary hyperparathyroidism by causing hypocalcemia (low levels of calcium in the blood), disordered phosphate balance, or both. These include the following:
  • Disorders of vitamin D
    • Rickets osteomalacia Vitamin D deficiency Vitamin D malabsorption Abnormal vitamin D metabolism induced by drugs
    At-risk populations include children with malnutrition and elderly people with little sun exposure.

56. Hyperparathyroidism
hyperparathyroidism is excessive production of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands.
http://endocrine-disorders.health-cares.net/hyperparathyroidism.php

57. Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Primary hyperparathyroidism is a common disease that occurs when parathyroid glands become overactive.
http://endocrine-disorders.health-cares.net/primary-hyperparathyroidism.php

58. Hyperparathyroidism
hyperparathyroidism. American Family Physician 58 (15 Apr.1998) 17951803. Organizations. Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases-National Resource Center
http://www.healthatoz.com/healthatoz/Atoz/ency/hyperparathyroidism.jsp

59. Hyperparathyroidism
hyperparathyroidism results from the overactivity of one or more of the parathyroid There are several types of hyperparathyroidism, influencing the
http://www.columbiasurgery.org/pat/endo/para_hyper.html

Parathyroid Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism results from the overactivity of one or more of the parathyroid glands which generate increased amounts of parathyroid hormone (PTH). There are several types of hyperparathyroidism, influencing the diagnostic evaluation and the recommended surgical treatment.
Sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism
Each year, 100,000 new cases of sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism are diagnosed in the United States, affecting 0.2% to 0.5% of the population. Women are more commonly affected than men and the incidence of the disease increases with age. Most cases (85%) are the result of a single parathyroid gland malfunction caused by the development of a benign tumor, known as an adenoma.
Parathyroid hyperplasia
In approximately 15% of hyperparathyroid cases, two or more glands grow into adenomas (tumors) resulting in a condition called parathyroid hyperplasia. This disorder is often marked by an increased level of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia) following an operation for what was thought to be a single adenoma. Hyperplasia can occur sporadically or by a genetic abnormality in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) 1 and 2. MEN-1 influences the development of tumors in the pituitary gland and pancreas, whereas MEN-2 influences the thyroid and adrenal glands.
Parathyroid cancer
See separate section on parathyroid cancer
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
This form of hyperparathyroidism typically occurs in patients who have kidney failure or kidney disease. A form of parathyroid hyperplasia, it stems from/on blood-calcium levels.

60. NEJM -- Asymptomatic Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Clinical Practice from The New England Journal of Medicine Asymptomatic Primary hyperparathyroidism.
http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/17/1746
HOME SEARCH CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES ... HELP Please sign in for full text and personal services Previous Volume 350:1746-1751 April 22, 2004 Number 17 Next Asymptomatic Primary Hyperparathyroidism
John P. Bilezikian, M.D., and Shonni J. Silverberg, M.D. Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.
Full Text
PDF PDA Full Text CME Exam ... PubMed Citation This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the authors' clinical recommendations. A 60-year-old woman is noted incidentally to have a calcium level of 10.8 mg per deciliter (2.70 mmol per liter; normal range, 8.4 to 10.2 mg per deciliter [2.10 to 2.55 mmol per liter]). The parathyroid hormone level, as measured on immunoradiometric assay, is 84 pg per milliliter (normal range, 10 to 65). She has never had a kidney stone or a Full Text of this Article The Clinical Problem Strategies and Evidence Diagnosis Natural History of Asymptomatic Primary Hyperparathyroidism without Surgery Outcomes after Parathyroid Surgery Areas of Uncertainty Long-Term Risks Medical Therapy Calcium and Vitamin D Intake Other Uncertainties Guidelines Conclusions and Recommendations
This article has been cited by other articles:
  • Iida-Klein, A, Lu, S S., Kapadia, R, Burkhart, M, Moreno, A, Dempster, D W, Lindsay, R (2005). Short-term continuous infusion of human parathyroid hormone 1-34 fragment is catabolic with decreased trabecular connectivity density accompanied by hypercalcemia in C57BL/J6 mice.

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