21. Arch Surg Abstract Unilateral Surgery For Primary Unilateral Surgery for Primary hyperparathyroidism on the Basis of Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi and Iodine 123 Subtraction Scanning http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

22. Hyperparathyroidism - April 15, 1998 - American Academy Of Family Physicians hyperparathyroidism is a common cause of hypercalcemia. The symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are vague and often similar to symptoms of depression, http://www.aafp.org/afp/980415ap/allerhei.html

Advanced Search AAFP Home Page Journals Vol. 57/No. 8 (April 15, 1998) ... Patient Information Hyperparathyroidism DAVID A. ALLERHEILIGEN, M.D., JOE SCHOEBER, M.D., ROBERT E. HOUSTON, M.D., VIRGINIA K. MOHL, M.D., and KAREN M. WILDMAN, M.D., University of Wyoming, Casper, Wyoming A patient information handout on hyperparathyroidism , written by the authors of this article, is provided on page 1807. Hyperparathyroidism is a common cause of hypercalcemia. The hypercalcemia usually is discovered during a routine serum chemistry profile. Often, there has been no previous suspicion of this disorder. In most patients initially believed to be asymptomatic, previously unrecognized symptoms resolve with surgical correction of the disorder. The symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are vague and often similar to symptoms of depression, irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia or stress reaction. Complications of primary hyperparathyroidism include peptic ulcers, nephrolithiasis, pancreatitis and dehydration. Surgical management is usually indicated. When medical management is used, routine monitoring for clinical deterioration is recommended. Preoperative localization of adenomas with technetium Tc 99m sestamibi scan is possible but may be unnecessary. An experienced surgeon should perform the parathyroidectomy. D uring the early 1970s, the advent of multichannel autoanalyzers and the "profiles" they produced appeared to increase the incidence of primary hyperparathyroidism fivefold, but the severity of the condition declined to an "asymptomatic" presentation.

23. Parathyroid Detection In Secondary Hyperparathyroidism With Parathyroid Detection in Secondary hyperparathyroidism with 123I/99mTcSestamibi Subtraction Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

24. Hyperparathyroidism - January 15, 2004 - American Family Physician A patient information handout on hyperparathyroidism, written by the Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in t he http://www.aafp.org/afp/20040115/333.html

Advanced Search AAFP Home Page Journals Vol. 69/No. 2 (January 15, 2004) Hyperparathyroidism EDNA D. TANIEGRA, M.D., University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas A patient information handout on hyperparathyroidism, written by the author of this article, is provided on page 340. A PDF version of this document is available. Download PDF now (7 pages /202 KB). More information on using PDF files. See page 249 for definitions of strength-of-evidence levels. P rimary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in t he outpatient setting. Most persons with this condition are asymptomatic. However, recognition of primary hyperparathyroidism has increased dramatically since the introduction of multichannel autoanalyzers in the 1970s. The disorder can occur in persons of any age but is more common in persons older than 50 years. In the United States, its estimated incidence in persons older than 65 years is one case per 1,000 in men and two to three cases per 1,000 in women. Classic primary hyperparathyroidism with overt complications of osteitis fibrosa cystica, nephrolithiasis, and nephrocalcinosis is rare.

25. Parathyroid Detection In Secondary Hyperparathyroidism With Parathyroid Detection in Secondary hyperparathyroidism with 123I/99mTcSestamibi Subtraction Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

26. Hyperparathyroidism - Endocrinology Health Guide hyperparathyroidism is caused by overactive parathyroid glands. This guide covers symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. http://www.umm.edu/endocrin/hyperpar.htm

var MenuLinkedBy='AllWebMenus [2]', awmBN='530'; awmAltUrl=''; Endocrinology Health Guide... Pituitary Gland Disorders... Pancreas... Adrenal Glands... ... Glossary Related Resources Within UMM Endocrinology Joslin Diabetes Center School of Medicine Endocrinology Site Translate using Google to Spanish German French Italian Portuguese Endocrinology Health Guide Hyperparathyroidism What is hyperparathyroidism? Hyperparathyroidism is caused by overactive parathyroid glands. Overactive parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormones, which in turn stimulate increased levels of calcium in the blood stream. The excess calcium released by the bones leads to osteoporosis and osteomalacia (both bone-weakening diseases). Other results of hyperparathyroidism are kidney stones, because of high levels of calcium excreted into the urine by the kidneys. Causes of hyperparathyroidism include benign tumors on the parathyroid glands or enlargement of the parathyroid glands. What are symptoms of hyperparathyroidism? The following are the most common symptoms of hyperparathyroidism. However, each individual may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:

27. Hyperparathyroidism Primary hyperparathyroidism is characterized by an overproduction of At least 50% of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism have no symptoms, http://www.umm.edu/altmed/ConsConditions/HyperparathyroidismPrimarycc.html

var MenuLinkedBy='AllWebMenus [2]', awmBN='530'; awmAltUrl=''; Maryland Medical Center Programs Complementary Medicine Program Home Medical Reference Alternative / Complementary Medicine ... Conditions Hyperparathyroidism Also Listed As: Signs and Symptoms What Causes It? Who's Most At Risk? What to Expect at Your Provider's Office ... Supporting Research There are four parathyroid glands, located behind the two lobes of the thyroid gland. The parathyroid glands produce the hormone that regulates blood levels of calcium and phosphate, minerals necessary for strong bones and teeth. Primary hyperparathyroidism is characterized by an overproduction of parathyroid hormone, which, in turn, results in an elevation of calcium levels in the blood. Signs and Symptoms At least 50% of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism have no symptoms, and approximately 1% of cases go undiagnosed. When symptoms do occur, they are generally attributable to persistently high levels of calcium and may include: Joint pain  Bone loss leading to osteoporosis Muscle weakness  Abdominal discomfort  Heartburn Nausea and vomiting Constipation  Lack of appetite  Ulcers Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas)  Kidney stones Excessive thirst Excessive urination  Depression Anxiety  Memory loss  Excessive drowsiness  What Causes It?

28. NIH ORBD~NRC - Primary Hyperparathyroidism In 80 to 85 percent of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, Even in patients who have no symptoms, primary hyperparathyroidism can cause bones to http://www.osteo.org/newfile.asp?doc=p112i&doctitle=Primary Hyperparathyroidism&

29. Hyperparathyroidism - MayoClinic.com Your parathyroid glands regulate the amount of calcium in your blood. But too much parathyroid hormone can take a toll on your bones and kidneys. http://www.mayoclinic.com/invoke.cfm?id=DS00396

30. MDchoice.com The Ultimate Medical Information Finder Primary Hyperparathyroidism Explanation of this disorder, the importance of calcium and phosphorous, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and surgery. By MDchoice.com. http://mdchoice.com/Pt/consumer/Hyperparathyroidism.asp

Advertisement Sign up for a FREE disease newsletter: Select Disease Allergies Arthritis Cholesterol Depression Diabetes Hypertension Medical Information Arthritis Center Allergy Center Kid's Health Cancer Center ... Health News From our Sponsors Interactive Education Simulators PhotoRounds Medical Databases MEDLINE CancerLit AIDSLine Healthcare Employment About Us Editorial Board Our Company Contact Us We subscribe to the HONcode principles of the Health On the Net Foundation Spell Checker Search the Web's best medical sites Searches over 6,000 Medical Journals Health Information Friday, September 09, 2005 Find more information about this topic from either the Web or the world's best medical journals by using the search boxes at the top of this page. Hyperparathyroidism Disorder What Are the Parathyroid Glands? What Is Hyperparathyroidism? Why Are Calcium and Phosphorous So Important? What Causes Hyperparathyroidism? ... Further Reading Primary hyperparathyroidism is a disorder of the parathyroid glands. Most people with this disorder have one or more enlarged, overactive parathyroid glands that secrete too much parathyroid hormone. In secondary hyperparathyroidism, a problem such as kidney failure makes the body resistant to the action of parathyroid hormone. This e-pub focuses on primary hyperparathyroidism.

31. Hyperparathyroidism Detailed information on hyperparathyroidism, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/adult_endocrin/hyperpar.cfm

[ Skip Navigation ] Health System Home For Health Answers Healthcare Professionals ... Advanced Search Health System Search Search for Information People UVa Home Health System News Health System Events (all) Health System Publications ... Making a Gift Topics All About Cancer Blood Disorders Bone Disorders Breast Health Cancer Cardiovascular Disease Dermatology Diabetes Digestive Disorders Endocrinology Environmental Medicine Eye Care Glossary Gynecological Health Infectious Diseases Kidney Disease Men's Health Mental Health Nervous System Disorders Non-Trauma Emergency Oral Health Orthopaedics Otolaryngology Pathology Pediatrics, General Health Prostate Health Radiology Respiratory Disorders Skin Cancer Surgical Care Urology Women's Health UVa Health Topics A to Z FIND A DOCTOR Adrenal Gland Disorders Endocrine Surgery Fertility: Female ... WHY CHOOSE UVA Search This Site Hyperparathyroidism What is hyperparathyroidism? Hyperparathyroidism is caused by overactive parathyroid glands. Overactive parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormones, which in turn stimulate increased levels of calcium in the blood stream. The excess calcium released by the bones leads to osteoporosis and osteomalacia (both bone-weakening diseases). Other results of hyperparathyroidism are kidney stones, because of high levels of calcium excreted into the urine by the kidneys.

32. Hyperparathyroidism Detailed information on hyperparathyroidism, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/peds_diabetes/hpt.cfm

[ Skip Navigation ] Health System Home For Health Answers Healthcare Professionals ... Advanced Search Health System Search Search for Information People UVa Home Health System News Health System Events (all) Health System Publications ... Making a Gift Topics Adolescent Medicine Allergy/Asthma/Immunology Blood Disorders Burns Cancer Common Injuries/Poison Tips Craniofacial Anomalies Dermatology Diabetes/Endo/Metabolism Eye Care Genitourinary/Kidney High-Risk Newborn High-Risk Pregnancy Infectious Diseases Medical Genetics Mental Health Nervous System Disorders Normal Newborns Oral Health Orthopaedics Pediatric Surgery Respiratory Disorders Terminal Illness in Children Transplantation UVa Health Topics A to Z FIND A DOCTOR Pediatric Endocrinology Pediatric Neurosurgery MAKE AN APPOINTMENT ... CLINICAL TRIALS Search This Site Hyperparathyroidism What is hyperparathyroidism? Hyperparathyroidism is caused by overactive parathyroid glands. Overactive parathyroid glands produce high levels of parathyroid hormones, which, in turn, results in increased levels of calcium in the blood stream. The excess calcium released by the bones leads to osteoporosis and osteomalacia (both bone-weakening diseases). Another result of hyperparathyroidism is kidney stones, because of high levels of calcium excreted into the urine by the kidneys. Hyperparathyroidism is quite rare in children. What causes hyperparathyroidism?

33. Hyperparathyroidism a CHORUS notecard document about hyperparathyroidism. http://chorus.rad.mcw.edu/doc/00669.html

CHORUS Collaborative Hypertext of Radiology Musculoskeletal system About CHORUS Search Feedback hyperparathyroidism 1' 2' - - brown tumor +++ ++ chondrocalcinosis + rare osteosclerosis rare +++ periostitis rare + see: renal osteodystrophy Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD - 2 February 1995 Last updated 26 May 2004 Related CHORUS documents: basal ganglia calcification gallstones Schmorl node Scheuermann disease ... Cockayne syndrome Search for related articles: AJR American Journal of Roentgenology PubMed : index to biomedical literature ... Medical College of Wisconsin

34. Hyperparathyroidism hyperparathyroidism. 1 2 - brown tumor +++ ++ chondrocalcinosis + rare osteosclerosis rare +++ periostitis rare +. see renal osteodystrophy http://chorus.rad.mcw.edu/to-go/00669.html

hyperparathyroidism 1' 2' - - brown tumor +++ ++ chondrocalcinosis + rare osteosclerosis rare +++ periostitis rare + see: renal osteodystrophy Home Musculoskeletal system

35. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Primary Hyperparathyroidism Primary hyperparathyroidism involves excessive production of parathyroid hormone, In primary hyperparathyroidism, increased secretion of parathyroid http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000384.htm

@import url(/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Primary hyperparathyroidism Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Calling your health care provider Illustrations Endocrine glands Parathyroid glands Alternative names Return to top Parathyroid-related hypercalcemia Definition Return to top Primary hyperparathyroidism involves excessive production of parathyroid hormone, caused by enlargement of one or more of the parathyroid glands. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top The parathyroid glands are located at the front and base of the neck at the 4 corners of the thyroid gland. The glands produce parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates calcium and phosphorus balance in the body. In primary hyperparathyroidism, increased secretion of parathyroid hormone occurs because one or more of the glands have become enlarged. The effects of increased calcium are seen in several body systems including the skeletal, gastrointestinal, renal (kidney), muscular, and

36. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Secondary Hyperparathyroidism Many disorders may lead to secondary hyperparathyroidism by causing hypocalcemia Other causes of secondary hyperparathyroidism have variable outcomes. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000318.htm

@import url(/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Secondary hyperparathyroidism Contents of this page: Illustrations Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors Symptoms ... Prevention Illustrations Endocrine glands Definition Return to top The parathyroids are four glands in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone to help control calcium metabolism. Excessive production of this hormone caused by increased activity of these glands is known as hyperparathyroidism. When this occurs in response to low blood calcium caused by another condition, the condition is called secondary hyperparathyroidism. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Parathyroid hormone helps maintain blood calcium by regulating bone turnover, absorption of calcium from the gut, and excretion of calcium in the urine. Many disorders may lead to secondary hyperparathyroidism by causing hypocalcemia (low levels of calcium in the blood), disordered phosphate balance, or both. These include the following: Disorders of vitamin D Rickets osteomalacia Vitamin D deficiency Vitamin D malabsorption Abnormal vitamin D metabolism induced by drugs At-risk populations include children with malnutrition and elderly people with little sun exposure.

37. Hyperparathyroidism Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis And Treatment On MedicineNet.com hyperparathyroidism, a disorder of the parathyroid gland(s), which leads to hypercalcemia. http://www.medicinenet.com/hyperparathyroidism/article.htm

document.writeln(''); MedicineNet Home Thyroid Home Page > Hyperparathyroidism Search Tips Printer-Friendly Format FREE Newsletters Email to a Friend ... Next Hyperparathyroidism Introduction to hyperparathyroidism What are the parathyroid glands? What is hyperparathyroidism? Why are calcium and phosphorous so important? ... Which doctors specialize in treating hyperparathyroidism? Introduction Primary hyperparathyroidism is a disorder of the parathyroid glands. Most people with this disorder have one or more enlarged, overactive parathyroid glands that secrete too much parathyroid hormone. In secondary hyperparathyroidism, a problem such as kidney failure makes the body resistant to the action of parathyroid hormone. What Are the Parathyroid Glands? The parathyroid glands are four pea-sized glands located on the thyroid gland in the neck . Occasionally, a person is born with one or more of the parathyroid glands embedded in the thyroid, the thymus, or elsewhere in the chest. In most such cases, however, the glands function normally. Though their names are similar, the thyroid and parathyroid glands are entirely separate glands, each producing distinct hormones with specific functions. The parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), a substance that helps maintain the correct balance of calcium and phosphorous in the body. PTH regulates release of the calcium from bone, absorption of calcium in the intestine, and excretion of calcium in the urine.

38. Hyperparathyroidism Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis And Treatment On MedicineNet.com hyperparathyroidism, a disorder of the parathyroid gland(s), which leads to hypercalcemia. http://www.medicinenet.com/hyperparathyroidism/

document.writeln(''); MedicineNet Home Thyroid Home Page > Hyperparathyroidism Search Tips What's Inside the Hyperparathyroidism Health Center Hyperparathyroidism Main Article 3 Doctor's Views related to Hyperparathyroidism 1 Health Features related to Hyperparathyroidism 2 Doctor's Responses related to Hyperparathyroidism ... Hyperparathyroidism RSS feed Our provides a comprehensive look at the who, what, when and how of Hyperparathyroidism Thyroid Newsletter Thyroid Questions to Ask Your Doctor Join the discussion on the Thyroid Message Boards Hyperparathyroidism related Doctor's Views Doctor: Getting the Most from Your Doctor’s Appointment How to Choose a Doctor Kidney Stones: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Hyperparathyroidism related Health Features Doctor: Checklist to Take To Your Doctor's Appointment Terms related to Hyperparathyroidism: Elevated Calcium Medications MedTerms Medical Dictionary Home Help ... Thyroid Home Page Allergies Alzheimer's Arthritis Asthma Blood Pressure Cancer Cholesterol Chronic Pain Crohn's Disease Depression Diabetes Dictionary Digestion Eyesight First Aid Healthy Kids Healthy Living Heart Hepatitis C HIV/AIDS Liver Lung Cond.

39. Hyperparathyroidism Definition - Medical Dictionary Definitions Of Popular Medic Online Medical Dictionary and glossary with medical definitions. http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=23922

40. Parathyroid Disease Is Called Hyperparathyroidism. High Calcium Caused By Hyperp Parathyroid disease made simple. hyperparathyroidism is parathyroid disease, caused by too much parathyroid hormone. Parathyroid disease is called http://www.parathyroid.com/parathyroid-disease.htm

Section 2. Parathyroid Disease: Hyper- Parathyroidism Parathyroid glands go bad in one way...they make too much parathyroid hormone. This page of Parathyroid.com discusses what happens when you have too much parathyroid hormone and develop hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroid Disease is called "Hyperparathyroidism". This is a Very Important Page. Read it more than once! The only disease of parathyroid glands is overactivity...too much parathyroid hormone is produced. This is called hyperparathyroidism hyper-parathyroid-ism = condition of too much parathyroid hormone hyper = too much parathyroid = parathyroid hormone ism = a disease or condition = HYPERPARATHYROIDISM In patients with hyperparathyroidism, one of the four parathyroid glands behaves inappropriately by making excess parathyroid hormone regardless of the level of calcium. In other words, one of the parathyroid glands continues to make large amounts of parathyroid hormone even when the calcium level is normal or highwhen the parathyroids should not be making any hormone at all. Remember as you read about hyperparathyroidism on these pages, it is a hormone problem, not a cancer problem. As you look at the picture below, you will see that one of the parathyroid glands has grown way too bigit is making too much hormonethus causing hyperparathyroidism.

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