121. Cysternography In Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Case study and results from 84 year old man was referred from geriatric clinic for evaluation. http://www.med.harvard.edu/JPNM/TF93_94/Oct12/WriteUpOct12.html

Cysternography in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Gabriel Soudry, M.D. Charles Ahn M.D. October 12, 1993 Case Presentation: An 84 year old man was referred from the geriatric clinic for evaluation of gait abnormality, cognitive impairment and urinary incontinence. He was found to have severe short term memory loss but no other intellectual deficit and he exhibited postural instability with evidence of frontal release. Findings: A CT scan showed enlarged lateral ventricles. An MRI ( transaxial and sagital ) was performed to look for cerebral vascular disease and showed changes consistent with central atrophy. Cysternography showed early entry of tracer in the lateral ventricles at 6 hours ( posterior view , arrows outline ventricular activity ). Twenty-four and 48 hour images showed persistance of activity in the lateral ventricles ( lateral view at 24 hours , arrows outline ventricular activity ). These findings were compatible with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). The consulting neurosurgeon advised against any shunting procedure. Discussion: Cysternography has been proposed in the past as a useful tool in evaluating patients with suspected NPH (1,2). Recently, its popularity seems to have been declining (3,4). This review will discuss the strengths and the weaknesses of the test as well as the controversies surrounding its usefulness.

122. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: Definition And Much More From Answers.com normal pressure hydrocephalus n. A hydrocephalic condition in which the spinal fluid pressure remains normal, resulting from the inability of the. http://www.answers.com/topic/normal-pressure-hydrocephalus

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Medical Wikipedia Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping normal pressure hydrocephalus Medical normal pressure hydrocephalus n. A hydrocephalic condition in which the spinal fluid pressure remains normal, resulting from the inability of the arachnoid granulations to absorb cerebrospinal fluid, and characterized by progressive dementia. Also called occult hydrocephalus Wikipedia normal pressure hydrocephalus Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a neurological disorder often misdiagnosed as Parkinson's disease Alzheimer's disease , and senility . It brings incontinence , difficulty walking ataxia -like wide-based gait), and memory problems. NPH stems from an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid around the brain enlarging ventricles and stretching the brain's tissues. Some theorize that normal pressure hydrocephalus begins with inadequate reabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid at the level of the arachnoid villi. This results in distension of the ventricular system, which experiences a flux of higher pressure. Expansion of the ventricular system, particularly at the level of the lateral ventricles, causes traction on the sacral motor fibers that run in this region. This is the reason why patients typically experience gait and bladder disturbances. The dementia is thought to result from traction on limbic fibers that also run in the periventricular region. NPH can be detected by

123. Diving With Hydrocephalus And Shunt Gives some parameters about diving with hydrocephalus and shunt. http://www.scuba-doc.com/hdrcph.html

HOME Neurologic Problems and Diving Diving Medicine Online C omprehensive information about diving and undersea medicine for the non-medical diver, the non-diving physician and the specialist. Search Site Web Search This Site Diving With Hydrocephalus and Shunt Diving with hydrocephalus can be accomplished if several aspects of the problem are taken into account: 1. The extent of neurological disability; how much numbness of your extremities and whether or not there is any "autonomic" instability. This means things like postural hypotension, blood pressure changes and ability to react to cold water immersion. 2. All of the neurological deficits should be carefully documented so that a diving physician will have this information available in case of an accident. 3. If there is good circulation, a shunt should not be a problem since there is no air involved and there should be no pressure differentials from the changes in pressures of diving. 4. If there is an open wound you must be aware of the increased risk of infection from pathogens in the seawater. Dr. Nick McIver

124. AllRefer Health - Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) (Hydrocephalus - Adult, Hy Normal Pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) (hydrocephalus Adult, hydrocephalus - Communicating, http://health.allrefer.com/health/normal-pressure-hydrocephalus-nph-info.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia Web health.allrefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Health Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis ... Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Hydrocephalus - Adult, Hydrocephalus - Communicating, "water on the Brain", Hydrocephalus - Idiopathic Definition Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a brain disorder caused by blockage of the flow of cerebrospinal fluid, with enlargement of the ventricles within the brain and compression of the brain tissue. It may result in loss of any or all brain functions controlled by the area of the brain which is compressed. Central Nervous System Ventricles of the Brain Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) can be a reversible or treatable disorder. It is thought to account for about 5% of all

125. Hydrocephalus - Introduction To Hydrocephalus Presented By Insitute For Neurolog Information and advice about hydrocephalus, treatment and shunts. Includes a section about DandyWalker malformation. http://www.nyneurosurgery.org/hydrointro.htm

Prior to the advent of computerized axial tomography (CAT scans), the prognosis for children with hydrocephalus was generally poor. It was believed that an abbreviated life span would be plagued by numerous shunt revisions and associated complications. There was little optimism concerning physical and intellectual well-being over the course of a lifetime; patients, families and physicians were exasperated by the many problems associated with the equipment available to manage the condition. The CAT scan has changed this situation enormously. Most patients and families can now look forward to the likelihood of normal longevity with little or no intellectual or physical impairment. To assure this, however, the neurosurgeon must be highly experienced in treating hydrocephalus and must keep continually informed of advances in the understanding the condition and its treatment. The following discussion will center on innovations in the treatment of hydrocephalus, and the problems that must be considered by the treating physicians, families, and the community.

126. AllRefer Health - Hydrocephalus (Water On The Brain) hydrocephalus (Water on the Brain) information center covers causes, prevention, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, incidence, risk factors, signs, tests, http://health.allrefer.com/health/hydrocephalus-info.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia Web health.allrefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Health Hydrocephalus Hydrocephalus Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis ... Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Water on the Brain Definition Hydrocephalus is an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain, leading to their enlargement and swelling. Skull of a Newborn Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is formed in a region of the brain known as the choroid plexus. CSF usually circulates through channels of the brain known as ventricles, as well as flowing around the outside of the brain and through the spinal canal. When the circulation or absorption of this fluid is blocked, or excessive fluid is produced, the volume of fluid in the brain becomes higher than normal. The accumulation of fluid puts pressure on the brain, forcing it against the skull and damaging or destroying the tissues.

127. Maternal Hydrocephalus Page Maternal hydrocephalus information, support group and research program. http://members.aol.com/HydroWoman/index.html

Shunts and Pregnancy Nancy Bradley Hydrowoman@aol.com Please note that this study is for shunted mothers with hydrocephalus that have given birth, and not about mothers that have given birth to children with Hydrocephalus. Debbi Fields HydroBrat@earthlink.net or Nancy Bradley (see above) Who am I ? I am a thirty-six year old woman with hydrocephalus who has been shunted since birth. I am a graduate of the University of Southern California with a B.S. in education and the mother of two healthy children. In November of 1986, I became pregnant with my first child. The pregnancy was normal with no complications but the delivery turned out to be a very difficult vaginal delivery due to the size and position (posteriorhead down, face up) of the baby. Six weeks after his birth, I had a sudden onset of shunt malfunction symptoms that lead to an emergency revision. My husband and I were convinced that the difficult delivery and the shunt malfunction six weeks later were somehow related. Because I found very little information on pregnancy and maternal hydrocephalus in the years immediately following my son’s birth, I started the database in 1994 to see how other shunted mothers had fared during their pregnancies, deliveries, and postpartum periods. I have two healthy children, ages 11 and 3 and a rocket scientist husband.

128. Nradnormal.html hydrocephalus. Back to Congenital/Structural Directory Back to Neuroradiology Directory Back to Home. http://www.uiowa.edu/~c064s01/nr115.htm

Hydrocephalus Back to Congenital/Structural Directory Back to Neuroradiology Directory Back to Home

129. Hydrocephalus Family Support Group: Enter Offers a place to voice experiences and receive information about hydrocephalus. http://members.tripod.com/hfsg/

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130. Nradnormal.html Case 6 MRI Brain Communicating hydrocephalus. CC Headache. Hx This 18y/o RHF began experiencing central headaches on 11/13/92. http://www.uiowa.edu/~c064s01/nr006.html

Hydrocephalus Case #6: MRI Brain: Communicating hydrocephalus. CC: Headache Hx: This 18y/o RHF began experiencing central headaches on 11/13/92. She had a history of sinus headaches in the past which responded to over-the-counter analgesics. However, her current headaches had not responded to these medications. On 11/13/92 she began noticing "black" areas within her visual field while watching a movie. This was followed by a sharp midline headache that persisted for 4.5 hours. The visual change persisted during the headache. In addition, during one headache, she experienced a 2 minute period of garbled speech and 7-8 minutes of tingling in the right arm. The headaches were sharp in character and had been waxing and waning throughout the day since onset. She denied bowel or bladder retention or incontinence. She denied any history of meningitis. She had no history of trauma at birth or abnormal development. PMH: 1)Chronic UTI, 2)S/P Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.

131. Adult Hydrocephalus Discussion Board A place where adults suffering with hydrocephalus can discuss topics related to this condition. http://network54.com/Hide/Forum/goto?forumid=8255

132. Hydrocephalus - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital The following are the most common symptoms of hydrocephalus. Symptoms of hydrocephalus in younger children may include the following http://www.lpch.org/diseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/neuro/hydro.html

Electroencephalography (EEG) Laboratory Motion and Gait Analysis Laboratory Movement Disorders Neurology ... Stanford, Lucile Packard Researchers Uncover Mystery Behind How Skull Plates Fuse Neurological Disorders Hydrocephalus What is hydrocephalus? Hydrocephalus is a condition in which there is a lack of absorption, blockage of flow, or overproduction of the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) that is found inside the ventricles (fluid-filled areas) of the brain. This may result in a build up of fluid that can cause the pressure inside of the head to increase and the skull bones to expand to a larger-than-normal appearance. What causes hydrocephalus? Hydrocephalus occurs in approximately one out of 500 births. The following are the primary reasons why hydrocephalus occurs: blockage of the CSF flow inside of the head problems with the body absorbing the CSF overproduction of the CSF Hydrocephalus can occur either as a condition present at birth (congenital), or it can be acquired later in life. When hydrocephalus is not related to a known genetic cause, it is thought that many factors, both genetic and environmental, contribute to the condition. In a small percentage of children, a single gene defect on the X chromosome, or another chromosome, is responsible for the condition. In these cases, the chance for recurrence is higher. Causes of acquired hydrocephalus may include the following: tumor infection prematurity bleeding inside the head birth injury abnormal blood vessel formation inside of the head trauma

133. Special Child: Disorder Zone Archives - Hydrocephalus hydrocephalus is an accumulation of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in the In those with hydrocephalus, there is an imbalance between the amount of CSF that http://www.specialchild.com/archives/dz-018.html

Disorder Zone Archives Hydrocephalus Kate McDonald Tommy Gundlach Introduction Hydrocephalus is an accumulation of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles of the brain, causing them to swell and, in infants and small children, the head to enlarge. Typically, the fluid will flow from one ventricle to the next, out over the outside of the brain and down the spinal cord, and then will be absorbed into the bloodstream. In those with hydrocephalus, there is an imbalance between the amount of CSF that is produced and the rate at which it is absorbed. In the United States, hydrocephalus occurs in 1 out of 500 live births. The World Health Organization shows that one birth in every 2,000 results in hydrocephalus. It is one of the most common birth defects and afflicts more than 10,000 babies each year. Features and Characteristics Hydrocephalus can occur due to several reasons: Some individuals are born with hydrocephalus (known as congenital hydrocephalus) for reasons unknown. Aqueductal stenosis is the most common form of congenital hydrocephalus. More than 50% of hydrocephalus cases are congenital. Prematurity can also lead to hydrocephalus. Babies born too early are at risk of developing a hemorrhage which can lead to blood clots and a blockage of the CSF, resulting in hydrocephalus.

134. Fetal Hydrocephalus, Children S Hospital The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia established the Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment in 1995, one of only two in the world to perform open fetal http://fetalsurgery.chop.edu/HYDRint7.shtml

135. Hydrocephalus In Children hydrocephalus in children is usually associated with the following symptoms How is hydrocephalus Diagnosed? In premature infants, the neurosurgeon will http://sun.science.wayne.edu/~bio340/StudentPages/Gumma/

Hydrocephalus By: Jason D. Gumma These pictures are two Iraqi children who are suffering from extreme Hydrocephalus. Pictures courtesy of Azzam Publications What is Hydrocephalus? Hydrocephalus is derived from the Greek- hydro means water, and cephalus means head. This neurological condition occurs when there is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside each of the four ventricles of the brain. The CSF, which is normally clear and colorless, surrounds the brain and spinal cord, protecting from injury. This fluid normally flows through one ventricle to the next, and is kept over the surface of the brain and down the spinal cord. This colorless fluid is finally absorbed into the blood stream. When the circulation or absorption of CSF is blocked, or a large amount of fluid is produced, the volume of the brain becomes excessively larger then normal. Because the skull of babies does not fuse quickly, the accumulation of this fluid causes the head to enlarge due to the swelling of the ventricles. The image the left was complements of Silvia Helena Cardoso What are the Symptoms?

136. Hydrocephalus Information At Medtronic Learn how hydrocephalus can be a congenital or an acquired condition at Medtronic. http://www.medtronic.com/hydrocephalus/

hbx.pn="Hydrocephalus+treatments+and+recovery+for+a+normal+life+and+hear+the+patient+stories";//PAGE NAME(S) Choose a link to learn more What is hydrocephalus? What causes hydrocephalus? How is hydrocephalus treated? Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ... Information for Physicians The term hydrocephalus is derived from two Greek words, hydro for water and kephale for head. Hydrocephalus implies an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the cavities, or ventricles, of the brain. Build-up in CSF volume can result from interference with normal CSF circulation (due to an obstruction in the brain's ventricular system), or as the result of a problem with CSF reabsorption. Hydrocephlus can be a congenital or an acquired condition. Congenital hydrocephlus simply means that the condition existed before birth; acquired hydrocephlus develops after birth, as a result of trauma, a brain turmor, scar tissue formation, or meningitis. Hydrocephalus is a lifelong condition in that the patient is treated rather than cured. Treatment, by shunting the CSF to another area of the body, generally allows patients to lead full and active lives.

137. Medtronic: Stenosis Is The Most Common Cause Of Congenital Hydrocephalus There are two main types of hydrocephalus, acquired and congenital. The most common cause is stenosis. For information on medical technology that can ease http://www.medtronic.com/hydrocephalus/causes.html

hbx.pn="Stenosis+is+the+most+common+cause+of+congenital+hydrocephalus";//PAGE NAME(S) Choose a link to learn more What is hydrocephalus? What causes hydrocephalus? How is hydrocephalus treated? Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Information for Physicians What causes hydrocephalus? There are two main types of hydrocephalus: congenital or acquired. The former means that the problem existed at birth, although it may not noticeably manifest itself until later in life, perhaps even adulthood. The latter means that the root cause of the hydrocephalus, whether it is head trauma, tumor or infection, occurred after birth. Aqueductal Obstruction , or Stenosis , is the most common cause of congenital hydrocephalus. The cerebral aqueduct, which conducts CSF from the third to the fourth ventricle, is blocked due to defect, inflammation, tumor or hemorrhage. This forces CSF fluid to back up, thereby causing hydrocephalus. Neural Tube Defects occur when the surrounding and supporting structure of the spinal cord, not the spinal cord itself, is defective or not fully developed. This malformation can create a blockage in the opening at the base of the skull, which in turn retards the flow of CSF from the fourth ventricle.

138. Maternal Hydrocephalus Page IMAGE For more information on pregnancy and maternal hydrocephalus or if you want Summary of Results for Nancy Bradley s Maternal hydrocephalus Study http://members.aol.com/Hydrowoman/

Shunts and Pregnancy Nancy Bradley Hydrowoman@aol.com Please note that this study is for shunted mothers with hydrocephalus that have given birth, and not about mothers that have given birth to children with Hydrocephalus. Debbi Fields HydroBrat@earthlink.net or Nancy Bradley (see above) Who am I ? I am a thirty-six year old woman with hydrocephalus who has been shunted since birth. I am a graduate of the University of Southern California with a B.S. in education and the mother of two healthy children. In November of 1986, I became pregnant with my first child. The pregnancy was normal with no complications but the delivery turned out to be a very difficult vaginal delivery due to the size and position (posteriorhead down, face up) of the baby. Six weeks after his birth, I had a sudden onset of shunt malfunction symptoms that lead to an emergency revision. My husband and I were convinced that the difficult delivery and the shunt malfunction six weeks later were somehow related. Because I found very little information on pregnancy and maternal hydrocephalus in the years immediately following my son’s birth, I started the database in 1994 to see how other shunted mothers had fared during their pregnancies, deliveries, and postpartum periods. I have two healthy children, ages 11 and 3 and a rocket scientist husband.

139. Dr. Koop - Hydrocephalus hydrocephalus is an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain, leading to their enlargement and swelling. http://www.drkoop.com/ency/93/001571.html

Home Health Reference Hydrocephalus Jul 29, 2005 Search: Dr.Koop MEDLINE Diseases Symptoms Procedures Natural Medicine ... Drug Library Inside DrKoop News Archive Animations Health Videos Health Tools ... Newsletters Hydrocephalus Injury Disease Nutrition Poison ... Prevention Hydrocephalus Definition: Hydrocephalus is an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain, leading to their enlargement and swelling. Alternative Names: Water on the brain Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is formed in a region of the brain known as the choroid plexus. CSF usually circulates through channels of the brain known as ventricles, as well as flowing around the outside of the brain and through the spinal canal. When the circulation or absorption of this fluid is blocked, or excessive fluid is produced, the volume of fluid in the brain becomes higher than normal. The accumulation of fluid puts pressure on the brain, forcing it against the skull and damaging or destroying the tissues. The symptoms vary depending on the cause of the obstruction, the person's age when the problem develops, and the extent of brain tissue damage caused by the swelling. In infants, fluid accumulates in the

140. Spina Bifida & Hydrocephalus Association Of BC - Home Spina Bifida and hydrocephalus Association of BC. with spina bifida and/or hydrocephalus and their families through awareness, education and research. http://www.sbhabc.org/

4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Tel: (604) 878.7000 :: Fax: (604) 677.6608 Email: info@sbhabc.org Frequently Asked Questions How Can You Help? Links ... Home Main Menu Home About Us Board of Directors Events Calendar ... Conference 2005 Admin Login Username Password Remember me Forgotten your password? Home About Us Friday, 01 July 2005 Our Mission To improve the quality of life of all individuals with spina bifida and/or hydrocephalus and their families through awareness, education and research. The Daisy The daisy represents both the challenges of spina Bifida...The heart of the flower represents the brain, which in the case of persons living with Spina Bifida, is often affected by hydrocephalus. The daisy's petals are cloven, thereby representing the various lesions caused by Spina Bifida and hydrocephalus. The daisy's leaf and stem are irregular, and depict the unusual form of the spinal cord and backbone of a person suffering from Spina Bifida... but the beauty of a flower is equally meant to reflect the beauty of people with Spina Bifida who, in spite of their challenges, live happy and productive lives... Current Events No Latest Events Latest News Ticket Request - Banquet Registration for Non-Members Registration for SBHABC Members Conference 2005 Brochure ... About Us Site designed by Matt Pregent Privacy Statement

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