21. Tulane Center For Abdominal Transplant: Liver hepatic encephalopathy Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Liver Cancer) InterferonInformation Sheet Liver Links Pediatric Liver FAQ Liver Biopsy http://www.tulanetransplant.com/li_enceph.htm

General Information Checking Function Rejection Complications of Cirrhosis ... Fatty Liver Hepatic Encephalopathy Definition: A brain dysfunction caused by the accumulation of toxic chemicals in the blood stream. The normal liver acts as a filter removing harmful substances from the blood. With cirrhosis the liver is not able to remove a variety of toxic chemicals. These chemical remain in the blood and eventually enter the brain, causing a variety of disturbances with brain function. The toxin most easily identified is ammonia. Symptoms: Fatigue, sleepiness, confusion, depression, irritability, personality changes, forgetfulness, slurred speech, tremors (shakes), and problems with balance may occur. As the condition worsens, patients become more sleepy and eventually lapse into a coma. Some patients with encephalopathy develop a peculiar odor on their breath (fetor hepaticus) from the toxins. Treatment: The toxins are produced in the intestine by bacterial metabolism of protein. The following therapies help reduce the levels of ammonia and other toxins.

22. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Hepatic Encephalopathy hepatic encephalopathy Contents of this page Illustrations. Alternative names. Definition. Causes, incidence, and risk factors. Symptoms http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

23. Hepatic Encephalopathy Medical Information hepatic encephalopathy Information from Drugs.com. http://www.drugs.com/enc/hepatic_encephalopathy.html

Home New Drugs Latest News Drug Interactions ... Forum Drugs.com - prescription drug and medicine information available on over 24,000 approved- medications and pharmaceuticals, including side effects and drug interactions. Log-in Register Advertisement Buy a Link Now Special Offers From our sponsors Categories Diabetes Gastro Center Weight Loss AIDS/HIV ... Sexual Health Advertisement Advanced Search Or click the first letter of a drug name: A B C D ... Z Hepatic encephalopathy Injury Disease Nutrition Poison ... Digestive system organs Hepatic encephalopathy Definition Hepatic encephalopathy is brain and nervous system damage that occurs as a complication of liver disorders. It is characterized by various neurologic symptoms including changes in reflexes, changes in consciousness , and behavior changes that can range from mild to severe. Alternative Names Hepatic coma; Encephalopathy - hepatic Causes Hepatic encephalopathy is caused by disorders affecting the liver. These include disorders that reduce liver function (such as cirrhosis or hepatitis ) and conditions where blood circulation bypasses the liver. The exact cause of the disorder is unknown.

24. Hepatic Encephalophaty The typical symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy include hepatic encephalopathy for healthcare personel (contains medical terms). Cirrhosis in general http://home3.inet.tele.dk/omni/encephalopathy.htm

The Danish Hepatitis C website Hepatic encephalopathy (for patients and relatives): The typical symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy include The typical symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy include ... Ascites Hepatic encephalopathy (for patients and relatives): Hepatic encephalopathy refers to the changes in the brain that occur in patients with advanced acute or chronic liver disease. If liver cells are damaged, certain substances that are normally cleansed from the blood by the healthy liver are not removed (ammonia mainly, and other toxins). A patient with chronic hepatic encephalopathy may develop progressive loss of memory, disorientation, untidiness, and muscular tremors, leading to a form of chronic dementia. The ingestion of protein invariably aggravates these symptoms. The treatment of hepatic encephalopathy involves, first, the removal of all drugs that require detoxification in the liver and, second, the reduction of the intake of protein. Restricting the amount of protein in the diet will generally lower the levels of amino acids and ammonia in the bloodstream and brain. Most physicians advise their patients with this condition to eat only about 40 grams of protein a day, and will prescribe lactulose or neomycin to lower amino acid production. Non-meat proteins, such as those found in vegetables and milk, are preferred. Certain amino acids are used in treatment, since they are considered less likely to cause mental impairment. A dietary supplement rich in these amino acids is used at many liver treatment centers.

25. Hepatic Encephalopathy: Definition And Much More From Answers.com portalsystemic encephalopathy n. Encephalopathy associated with cirrhosis ofthe liver, attributed to the passage of toxic nitrogenous substances. http://www.answers.com/topic/hepatic-encephalopathy

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Medical Wikipedia Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping Hepatic encephalopathy Medical portal-systemic encephalopathy n. Encephalopathy associated with cirrhosis of the liver, attributed to the passage of toxic nitrogenous substances from the portal to the systemic circulation. Also called hepatic encephalopathy Wikipedia Hepatic encephalopathy Hepatic encephalopathy is a condition (usually caused by liver cirrhosis and its resultant portal hypertension ) where brain cells are damaged by a build-up of toxic substances in the blood. Signs can include impaired cognition , a flapping tremor ( asterixis ), and a decreased level of consciousness. Pathogenesis Cirrhosis (as seen in chronic alcoholism or chronic hepatitis ) will obstruct the passage of blood through the liver causing portal hypertension . This means it is difficult for blood from the intestines to go through the liver, to get back to the heart . Portal-systemic anastamoses develop, and portal blood (from the intestinal veins), will by-pass the liver, and return to the heart via another route.

26. Do Ammonia Levels Correlate With Hepatic Encephalopathy? - October 1, 2003 - Ame Do Ammonia Levels Correlate with hepatic encephalopathy? hepatic encephalopathyin patients with chronic liver dysfunction is believed to be caused by a http://www.aafp.org/afp/20031001/tips/8.html

Advanced Search Tips from Other Journals Previous Next Do Ammonia Levels Correlate with Hepatic Encephalopathy? Consecutive patients who were admitted to a tertiary care center with the diagnosis of cirrhosis between September 1998 and December 1999 were enrolled in the study. The diagnosis of cirrhosis was established by biopsy or by signs of portal hypertension such as gastroesophageal varices, previous variceal bleeding, or ascites. Researchers collected clinical and laboratory data at the time of admission. The mental status of the patients was assessed using the West Haven Criteria for grading of mental status (see the accompanying table) . A diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy was established when the patients' mental status was altered and other causes of mental status changes had been excluded. After diagnosis, fasting arterial and venous blood samples were obtained, and total ammonia and partial pressure of ammonia were determined. West Haven Criteria for Grading of Mental Status The rightsholder did not grant rights to reproduce this item in electronic media. For the missing item, see the original print version of this publication.

27. Hepatic Encephalopathy Hepatic means of the liver and Encephalopathy means a disorder of the brain. hepatic encephalopathy is the result of biochemical abnormalities http://ww3.komotv.com/global/story.asp?s=1230454

28. Liver Encephalopathy (hepatic Encephalopathy) Liver encephalopathy refers to the changes in the brain that occur in patientswith advanced acute or chronic liver disease. Liver encephalopathy is a http://digestive-disorders.health-cares.net/liver-encephalopathy.php

29. Symptoms Of Liver Encephalopathy (hepatic Encephalopathy) Symptoms of liver encephalopathy range from almost unnoticeable changes inpersonality, energy levels, and thinking patterns to deep coma. http://digestive-disorders.health-cares.net/liver-encephalopathy-symptoms.php

30. Hepatic Encephalopathy Definition - Medical Dictionary Definitions Of Popular Me Online Medical Dictionary and glossary with medical definitions. http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=31599

31. UpToDate Treatment Of Hepatic Encephalopathy INTRODUCTION — hepatic encephalopathy or portosystemic encephalopathy (PSE) Currently available therapies for hepatic encephalopathy are based upon http://patients.uptodate.com/topic.asp?file=cirrhosi/6577

32. UpToDate Clinical Manifestations And Diagnosis Of Hepatic Encephalopathy INTRODUCTION — hepatic encephalopathy describes the spectrum of The problemin defining hepatic encephalopathy precisely is not just a matter of http://patients.uptodate.com/topic.asp?file=cirrhosi/11409

33. Hepatitis Central, What Is Hepatic Encephalopathy? hepatic encephalopathy refers to the changes in the brain that occur in A patient with chronic hepatic encephalopathy may develop progressive loss of http://hepatitis-central.com/hcv/whatis/encephalopathy.html

HEPATITIS C PATIENTS recommend Maximum Milk Thistle. Learn why... FEELING FATIGUED? Help your liver and increase your energy. Safe, natural, guaranteed relief. More... TOPICS A Survivor's Story Autoimmune Hepatitis HCV Genotypes Links ... HEPATITIS NEWS The top stories compiled from over 5,500 sources, updated every 15 minutes Drug-using MSM and transgendered Katoey in Thailand require culturally appropriate HIV and Hepatitis C targete The study also found that substance-using MSM are at high risk of both HIV and hepatitis C infection. Little is known about the intersection of risk behaviours of MSM with substance use in Asia. Should Children Be Vaccinated Against Hepatitis A? ... Should Children Be Vaccinated Against Hepatitis A?POSTED: 2:58 pm EDT September 1, 2005UPDATED: 4:53 ... your child be vaccinated against hepatitis A?An editorial in 'The New ... GSK launches its second anti-hepatitis B drug in China ...extract unavailable Stressgen Granted U.S. Patent Covering Therapeutic Products to Treat Hepatitis B Virus Stressgen Granted U.S. Patent Covering Therapeutic Products to Treat Hepatitis B Virus http://www.stressgen.com Vancouver, BC, September 7, 2005(T-Net)Stressgen Biotechnologies (TSX: SSB) announced today that the U.S. ... protein compositions comprised of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen fused to ... Stressgen granted new U.S. patent for treatment of Hepatitis B

34. Hepatitis Central, Subclinical Hepatic Encephalopathy Impairs Daily Functioning Subclinical hepatic encephalopathy (SHE) is assumed to have a negative effect on Clinical manifestations of hepatic encephalopathy include a decreased http://hepatitis-central.com/hcv/symptoms/encephalopathy/subclinical.html

HEPATITIS C PATIENTS recommend Maximum Milk Thistle. Learn why... FEELING FATIGUED? Help your liver and increase your energy. Safe, natural, guaranteed relief. More... TOPICS A Survivor's Story Autoimmune Hepatitis HCV Genotypes Links ... HEPATITIS NEWS The top stories compiled from over 5,500 sources, updated every 15 minutes Drug-using MSM and transgendered Katoey in Thailand require culturally appropriate HIV and Hepatitis C targete The study also found that substance-using MSM are at high risk of both HIV and hepatitis C infection. Little is known about the intersection of risk behaviours of MSM with substance use in Asia. Should Children Be Vaccinated Against Hepatitis A? ... Should Children Be Vaccinated Against Hepatitis A?POSTED: 2:58 pm EDT September 1, 2005UPDATED: 4:53 ... your child be vaccinated against hepatitis A?An editorial in 'The New ... GSK launches its second anti-hepatitis B drug in China ...extract unavailable Stressgen Granted U.S. Patent Covering Therapeutic Products to Treat Hepatitis B Virus Stressgen Granted U.S. Patent Covering Therapeutic Products to Treat Hepatitis B Virus http://www.stressgen.com Vancouver, BC, September 7, 2005(T-Net)Stressgen Biotechnologies (TSX: SSB) announced today that the U.S. ... protein compositions comprised of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen fused to ... Stressgen granted new U.S. patent for treatment of Hepatitis B

35. Hepatic Encephalopathy hepatic encephalopathy Alternative Names. Hepatic coma; Encephalopathy hepatic. Causes. hepatic encephalopathy is caused by disorders affecting the http://www.lifespan.org/ADAM/English/HIE/000302.htm

Careers at Lifespan Volunteer your time Other ways to give Lifespan's A - Z Health Information Library Injury Disease Nutrition Poison ... Prevention Hepatic encephalopathy Definition Hepatic encephalopathy is brain and nervous system damage that occurs as a complication of liver disorders. It is characterized by various neurologic symptoms including changes in reflexes, changes in consciousness , and behavior changes that can range from mild to severe. Alternative Names Hepatic coma; Encephalopathy - hepatic Causes Hepatic encephalopathy is caused by disorders affecting the liver. These include disorders that reduce liver function (such as cirrhosis or hepatitis ) and conditions where blood circulation bypasses the liver. The exact cause of the disorder is unknown. However, when the liver cannot properly metabolize and detoxify substances in the body, toxic substances build up in the bloodstream. One substance believed to be particularly toxic to the central nervous system is ammonia , which is produced by the body when proteins are digested, but is normally detoxified by the liver. Many other substances may also accumulate in the body and contribute to damage to the nervous system.

36. ► Hepatic Encephalopathy A medical encycopedia article on the topic hepatic encephalopathy. http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/000302.htm

var MenuLinkedBy='AllWebMenus [2]', awmBN='530'; awmAltUrl=''; Disease Nutrition Surgery Symptoms Injury ... Encyclopedia (English) Toggle English Spanish Hepatic encephalopathy Overview Symptoms Treatment Prevention Definition: A group of symptoms that may occur when there is damage to the brain and nervous system as a complication of liver disorders, characterized by various neurologic symptoms including changes in reflexes, changes in consciousness , and behavior changes that can range from mild to severe. Alternative Names: Hepatic coma; Encephalopathy - hepatic Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Hepatic encephalopathy is caused by disorders affecting the liver. These include disorders that reduce liver function (such as cirrhosis or hepatitis ) and conditions where blood circulation bypasses the liver. The exact cause of the disorder is unknown. The liver cannot properly metabolize and detoxify substances in the body. Accumulation of toxic substances causes metabolic abnormalities that lead to damage in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). One substance believed to be toxic

37. HealthCentral hepatic encephalopathy is the result of biochemical abnormalities associated Other factors that may precipitate hepatic encephalopathy include alkalosis http://www.healthscout.com/ency/408/368/main.html

WELCOME! Receive Free Newsletters Join a Community Home News Search HealthScout Web MEDLINE Special Offers Top Features Dr. Dean Edell People's Pharmacy Fit or Fat Best Doctors ... Drug Information HEALTH NEWS Get the latest health news in your e-mail for FREE! Channels Home Today Women Men ... Alternative Medicine Health Encyclopedia - Diseases and Conditions A B C D ... Y Hepatic Encephalopathy From Our Sponsors: Related Encyclopedia Arteriohepatic Dysplasia Fatty Liver Hemochromatosis Hepatitis ... More... Related Healthscout Videos Laparoscopic Liver Surgery Shrinking Tumors Help For Hepatitis C Saving Livers, Saving Lives ... More... Related Animations Hepatitis More... Related 3D Interactive Human Atlas Hepatitis Liver Cirrhosis Liver Transplant More... Related News Articles Health Tip: Nail Salon Safety Health Tip: Preventing Hepatitis C Saving Livers, Saving Lives Health Tip: Does Your Newborn Have Kernicterus? ... Questions To Ask Your Doctor About Hepatic Encephalopathy Definition of Hepatic Encephalopathy This is a condition that usually occurs secondary to advanced liver disease and is marked by a disturbance of mental functioning. Hepatic means "of the liver" and Encephalopathy means "a disorder of the brain." Description of Hepatic Encephalopathy Hepatic encephalopathy is the result of biochemical abnormalities associated with liver failure. Although disturbed ammonia metabolism is one component of hepatic encephalopathy, it is clear that ammonia is not solely responsible for the disturbed mental status.

38. Hepatic Encephalopathy - Symptoms, Treatment And Prevention Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention of hepatic encephalopathy. http://www.healthscout.com/ency/68/368/main.html

News Front Nationline Washington World ... Columnists Search HealthScout Web MEDLINE Special Offers TV Specials Erectile Dysfunction GERD Cloning Controversy Top Features Bipolar Disorder Resources Sleep Skin Cancer Migraines ... Diabetes Health Organizer Resources Healthscout News 3D Health Animations Health Videos Health Encyclopedia ... Drug Library Drug Information Drug Search Drug Interactions Image Database Pill Identifier Channels Home Today Women Men ... Drug Checker Health Encyclopedia - Diseases and Conditions A B C D ... Y Hepatic Encephalopathy From Our Sponsors: Related Encyclopedia Arteriohepatic Dysplasia Fatty Liver Hemochromatosis Hepatitis ... More... Related Healthscout Videos Laparoscopic Liver Surgery Shrinking Tumors Help For Hepatitis C Saving Livers, Saving Lives ... More... Related Animations Hepatitis More... Related 3D Interactive Human Atlas Hepatitis Liver Cirrhosis Liver Transplant More... Related News Articles Health Tip: Nail Salon Safety Health Tip: Preventing Hepatitis C Saving Livers, Saving Lives Health Tip: Does Your Newborn Have Kernicterus? ... Questions To Ask Your Doctor About Hepatic Encephalopathy Definition of Hepatic Encephalopathy This is a condition that usually occurs secondary to advanced liver disease and is marked by a disturbance of mental functioning. Hepatic means "of the liver" and Encephalopathy means "a disorder of the brain."

39. Hepatic Encephalopathy - The Doctors Lounge(TM) The mechanism and cause of hepatic encephalopathy is not known. In the patientwith otherwise stable cirrhosis, hepatic encephalopathy often follows a http://www.thedoctorslounge.net/gastroenterology/diseases/hepatic_encephalopathy

Advertisement Powered by Careerbuilder Search for: Home Humor Advertising Contact ... Links Other Specialties Cardiology Chest diseases Dermatology Endocrinology ... Urology Other Sections Membership Research Tools Medical Tutorials Medical Software ... Specialized Centers Headlines: Hepatic encephalopathy A syndrome of altered consciousness, altered neuromuscular activity in a patient with hepatocellular failure or portosy s temic shunting. Mechanism The mechanism and cause of hepatic encephalopathy is not known. However, several factors are believed to be important in the pathogenesis of this disease. The most important two factors are liver cell failure and portal hypertension . This results in intrahepatic and extrahepatic shunting of portal venous blood into the systemic circulation so that the liver is largely bypassed. As a result of these processes, various toxic substances absorbed from the intestine are not detoxified by the liver and lead to metabolic abnormalities in the central nervous system (CNS). Ammonia Blood levels of ammonia is commonly raised in many patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Furthermore, ammonia levels decrease on recovery from encephalopathy. Hence, ammonia has long been regarded as the main contributing factor.

40. CCHS Clinical Digital Library Chapter 79 hepatic encephalopathy, Hepatopulmonary Syndromes, Hepatorenal Syndrome, Chapter 268 - hepatic encephalopathy and Acquired Hepatocerebral http://cchs-dl.slis.ua.edu/clinical/gastroenterology/hepatic/hepatic/hepatic_enc

Clinical Resources by Topic: Gastroenterology Hepatic Encephalopathy Clinical Resources Emergency Pediatrics Pathology Clinical Guidelines ... Miscellaneous Resources See also: Gastrointestinal Clinical Procedure Resources General Gastroenterology Clinical Resources Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 16th Ed.-2005: Table of contents Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Chapter 289. Cirrhosis and Its Complications: Table of contents Introduction: Access document Major Complications of Cirrhosis: Access document Further Reading: Access document Chapter 258. Critical Care Neurology: Table of contents Introduction: Access document Approach to the Patient: Access document Critical Care Disorders of the Central Nervous System Associated with Systemic Disease: Access document Further Reading: Access document Feldman: Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease 7th Ed.-2002 (MD Consult): Table of contents Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Chapter 79 - Hepatic Encephalopathy, Hepatopulmonary Syndromes, Hepatorenal Syndrome, Coagulopathy, and Endocrine Complications of Liver Disease: Access document Hepatic Encephalopathy: Access document Brenner and Rector's The Kidney 7th Ed.-2004 (MD Consult):

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