61. Graves' Eye Disease (Opthalmopathy) | Thyroid Eye Disese | Graves' Hyperthyroidi The clinical features and treatment for this condition also known as thyroid eye disease (TED) or graves' opthalmopathy (GO). From the Thyroid Foundation of Canada. http://www.thyroid.ca/Guides/HG07.html

Home I Search I Contact Us I To Join I ... Version française Health Guides on Thyroid Disease #7 Graves' Eye Disease (Ophthalmopathy) Index to this Health Guide Clinical Features Laboratory Test Natural History Treatment ... Long Term Management Graves' eye disease is an eye condition which occurs in about 50% of patients who currently have, or have had, Graves' hyperthyroidism. However, approximately 10% of patients who have this eye disorder never develop hyperthyroidism. The reasons for the association of hyperthyroidism with the eye disease are not completely understood. Graves' eye disease, like Graves' hyperthyroidism and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disorder. It is caused by the reaction of antibodies and certain white blood cells called lymphocytes, with proteins in eye muscle and the connective tissue and fat around the eyeball. This condition must be distinguished from the mild eye signs of "poppy" eyes and spasm of the eye lids which occur in most hyperthyroid patients due to an effect of excessive thyroid hormones. Top Clinical Features The characteristic features of Graves' eye disease are symptoms of inflammation of the eye tissues. The eyes are painful, red and watery - particularly in sunshine or wind. The covering of the eye is inflamed and swollen.

62. Thyroid Disease Chat Center - Home Discussion forum for patients with Hashimoto's or graves' disease and who suffer from high or low gland function. Provides news articles, nutrition, self improvement, and healthier living. http://thyroidhost.proboards30.com/

Welcome Guest. Please Login or Register Sept 9, 2005, 1:02am Thyroid Disease Chat Center :: Home News Forum Name Topics Posts Last Post Thyroid Disease Chat Forum Find forum rules, lost passwords and issues(AOL users) , news, upgrade and activation key info here. This folder is to be used only for questions about using the board and forum announcements. Moderator: BluButterfli on Sept 4, 2005, 3:53pm by BluButterfli in The New Fall Look HYPOthyroidism, Hashimoto's Chat about Low Gland Function, Hypothyroidism, or Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Including surgery. Moderators: loripie BluButterfli on Yesterday at 9:06pm by Zephra in Here we go again HYPERthyroidism, Graves' Disease - 2 Viewing Chat about Overactive Gland Function, Hyperthyroidism, or Autoimmune Graves' Disease. Including Graves' Opthalmopathy, Radioactive Iodine Therapy, and surgery. Moderator: on Today at 12:19am by Frances in No News, but I'm Ok Chat about personal growth, healthy eating, holistic healing, massage, herbal remedies, aromatherapy and alternative medicine. Moderators: loripie on Sept 7, 2005, 11:53am

63. Graves Disease Penn State Hershey Medical Center provides world class care and services to patients. http://www.hmc.psu.edu/healthinfo/g/graves.htm

64. Hyperthyroidism/Graves' Disease Comprehensive, annotated links to websites on graves disease, Hyperthyroidism and Thyroid Eye disease, from thyroid guide, Mary Shomon. http://thyroid.about.com/cs/hyperthyrdgraves/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a74' About Thyroid Disease Thyroid Disease Essentials ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Thyroid Disease newsletter! See Online Courses Search Thyroid Disease Hyperthyroidism/Graves' Disease Guide picks Information on hyperthyroidism, an overactive thyroid, and the autoimmune condition Graves' Disease, and the treatments, including radioactive iodine (RAI), and antithyroid drugs like Tapazole and PTU. Thyroid Disease 101: The First Place to Start Overview of information about thyroid disease, including diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism. Common Questions on Hyperthyroidism Three-part, indepth in-depth Frequently Asked Questions / FAQ on hyperthyroidism and Graves' Disease. Graves' Disease/Hyperthyroidism Checklist A checklist of risk factors and symptoms to use in getting or finetuning your hyperthyroidism. How to Tell If You Are Hyperthyroid Step-by-step guidelines on how to tell if you are hyperthyroid.

65. Graves' Disease: An Overview An overview of graves disease. graves disease is a type of autoimmune disease in which the immune system over stimulates the thyroid gland, http://thyroid.about.com/cs/hyperthyrdgraves/a/graves.htm

var zLb=1; zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a74' About Thyroid Disease Thyroid Disease Essentials ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Thyroid Disease newsletter! See Online Courses Search Thyroid Disease Stay up to date! Compare Prices Email to a friend ... Print this page Key Links 10 Things the Dr Won't Tell You Graves' Disease: A Practical Guide FAQ on Graves'/Hyperthyroidism Search for Graves' on About Search for Graves' Disease Info Search for Hyperthyroidism Info Most Popular Quiz: Is Your Thyroid Making You Fat? Quiz: Could You Have a Thyroid Problem? Thyroid 101, Basic Information and Index to Mary Shomon's Ab... Thyroid Disease 101 ... Thyroid Storm What's Hot Rehnquist Dies: Thyroid Cancer Thyroid Cancer Check/Info Is Coconut Oil Really a Thy... Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ... Hypo and Hyper? adunitCM(150,100,'x55') Graves' Disease From Mary Shomon Your Guide to Thyroid Disease FREE Newsletter.

66. Thyroid Eye Disease Describes Thyroid Related Orbitopathy (TRO) which has been known to occur as much as 30 years after graves' disease has been treated. Causes, incidence and the role of the eye specialist. http://www.facialworks.com/thyroid/index.html

Cosmetic Surgery Thyroid Eye Disease Medical Aspects The Thyroid Puzzle Smoking and Thyroid Eye Disease The Role of The Eye Specialist ... ASOPRS This page... Send it to a friend A printer friendly version Introduction Not all people with thyroid disease have problems with their eyes. It is a common enough problem, however, that many people have expressed a desire to have more information about how their thyroid condition is related to their eye problems and what can be done about it. The eye changes associated with thyroid disease are referred to as Thyroid Related Orbitopathy (TRO). Although TRO is seen in all types of thyroid disorders, it is most common in patients that are or were hyperthyroid. TRO occurs in about 1 out of 20 people that are hyperthyroid. It can also rarely occur in those who are hypothyroid and even when there is an absence of thyroid abnormalities in the body. Thyroid disease can cause many different eye problems. These include redness and swelling, double vision, decreased vision, eyelid retraction and a protrusion of the eye itself. It is important to realize that if one of these occurs, that it does not mean others will occur. Eye problems will usually occur and frequently change in type or severity for between 6 months and 2 years. Once stabilized, it is unusual for the eyes to start changing again. In some patients the eyes return to normal. Others are left with some type of permanent changes. A great deal can be done to improve these problems, but this may require surgery.

67. Graves' Opthalmopathy - VisionChannel VisionChannel presents an article about the treatment of thyroid eye disease which occurs independently from graves' disease. http://www.visionchannel.net/graves/

Home Search SiteMap Ask the Dr. ... Medical Store GRAVES' OPHTHALMOPATHY Overview Risk Factors Symptoms Diagnosis ... Treatment CONDITIONS Amblyopia (lazy eye) Blepharitis Cataracts Color Vision Deficiency ... Refractive Errors Correction Retinal Detachment Retinitis Pigmentosa Retinopathy of Prematurity Skin Cancer of the Eyelids Tear Duct Obstruction RESOURCES Anatomy Basic Eye Exam Clinical Trials Glossary ... What Is an Ophthalmologist? What Is an Optometrist? What Is an Optician? Videos ABOUT US Healthcommunities.com Pressroom Testimonials Bibliography Overview Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is a condition that primarily affects the extraocular muscles, the muscles that rotate the eyeball up, down, and to the sides. It is closely associated with Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder that causes the thyroid to produce excess thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism). Graves’ ophthalmopathy is also known as thyroid eye disease or thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. In GO, an unknown antigen (substance that triggers an immune response) activates lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell), which infiltrate extraocular muscle tissue and other orbital tissues, producing inflammation and causing the tissues to swell. The swollen eye muscles force the eyeball to bulge out of the bony orbit (i.e., eye socket). GO and Graves’ disease are two separate conditions that run independent courses. GO may occur long before, at the same time as, or long after thyroid disease is diagnosed and treated. Although most patients with Graves’ disease have Graves’ ophthalmopathy, about 10% of patients with GO have normal thyroid function.

68. Abbott Diagnostics - Graves' Disease graves disease affects approximately three out of 1000 people, graves disease is an autoimmune disorder in which an as yet unknown immunological http://www.abbottdiagnostics.com/Your_Health/Thyroid/Disorders/graves.cfm

Although all information remains accessible via Navigator 4.x and other older browsers, we are considering them obsolete from the standpoint of our interface design. Please visit providers such as Firefox or Microsoft if you wish to upgrade your browser. Thank you! Select a Region Contact Glossary Sitemap ... Abbott Diagnostics Global For More Information American Thyroid Association Thyroid Foundation of Canada National Graves' Disease Foundation Gland Central ... American Association of Clinical Chemistry (Clinical Chemistry Journal) The Endocrine Society CLIANet (Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments) NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards) Graves' Disease Graves' Disease affects approximately three out of 1,000 people, and is more prevalent in women and in families with a history of the disorder. Discovered in 1835 by Robert Graves, affected patients are hyperthyroid (overactive thyroid hormone production). Graves' Disease is an autoimmune disorder in which an as yet unknown immunological defect results in production of autoantibodies to the TSH receptor (TRAb) located on the surface of thyroid cells. These antibodies bind the TSH receptor and stimulate it to overproduce thyroid hormones, resulting in the hyperthyroid state. This activation by TRAbs are not subject to the normal negative feedback loop. Symptoms of Graves' disease include nervousness, irritability, unexplained weight loss, increased appetite, heat intolerance, excessive sweating, rapid pulse, thyroid enlargement, diarrhea, fine tremors in fingers and warm moist skin. About 50 percent of patients also develop ophthalmopathy, characterized by bulging eyes, often with red swollen lids. To a lesser degree, Graves' Disease patients may exhibit slightly bulging eyes and a staring appearance.

69. Graves' Disease ~ My Personal War Is Moving! A personal site that discusses the importance of early detection and correct diagnosis. Includes stories by other graves' patients. http://mypersonalwar.tripod.com/

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70. Graves' Disease graves disease is the most common form of hyperthyroidism. graves disease is rarely lifethreatening. Although it may develop at any age and in either http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/library/DS/00181.html

var cnnSiteWideCurrDate = new Date(2005, 8, 9); International Edition Member Services Home Page World ... Contact Us In association with: DIABETES AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Endocrine System Graves' disease Goiter Male hypogonadism Hyperthyroidism ... Pheochromocytoma INFORMATION CENTERS: Pick a category Health Centers Family Health Men's Health Women's Health Children's Health Seniors' Health Working Life Pain Management Condition Centers Immune System Allergy Alzheimer's Arthritis Respiratory System Cancer Endocrine System Digestive System Heart and Blood Infectious Disease Mental Health Note: All links within content go to MayoClinic.com Diseases and Conditions Graves' disease From MayoClinic.com Special to CNN.com Overview Graves' disease is the most common form of hyperthyroidism. It occurs when your immune system mistakenly attacks your thyroid gland and causes it to overproduce the hormone called thyroxine. This abnormal immune response can also affect the tissue behind your eyes as well as your skin, usually on your lower legs and feet. When you have too much thyroid hormone in your system, your body's metabolism rate can increase by 60 percent to 100 percent because thyroxine regulates your cells' metabolism. A higher metabolism can lead to a number of health problems, such as an irregular heartbeat or anxiety.

71. Graves' Disease The Heart Of The Matter Details about George and Barbara Bush's experiences with this disorder, while in the White House. Describes how both the President and his wife were diagnosed and treated. http://camelot.hiwd.net/customers/thyroid/graves.html

72. Frequently Asked Questions On Graves' Disease & Hyperthyroidism / Thyroid Diseas Frequently Asked Questions on graves disease Hyperthyroidism For more information, see the graves disease/Hyperthyroidism Risk Factors and Symptoms http://www.thyroid-info.com/articles/hyperthyroidism-faq.htm

Sticking Out Our Necks, the FREE Monthly Thyroid News Report, Enter your email address here for a free subscription Or Click Here to Send a "Subscribe" Email Home Newsletters Bookstore ... ARTICLES Latest Update: SEARCH SITE Common Questions Patients Ask by Mary Shomon If you have been diagnosed as having hyperthyroidism, or suspect that you suffer from this condition, you probably have a number of questions, including: What is hyperthyroidism? Is it contagious? What causes hyperthyroidism? I thought that hyperthyroidism and Graves' Disease were the same? ... How common is an autoimmune problem that results in some form of hyperthyroidism? Just what causes this problem in the immune system to occur? How does the environment make the immune system go wrong? How can I recognize Graves' Disease? How does Graves' Disease affect the eyes? ... I don't really like the idea of the drugs or surgery or radiation. Are there any alternatives? What is hyperthyroidism? Hyperthyroidism is an overfunctioning of the thyroid gland. This overfunctioning results in the production of too much thyroid hormone. Because the thyroid hormone controls many bodily functions, this increase in the thyroid hormone level causes these bodily functions, such as heartrate, or in some cases blood pressure, to increase, sometimes to very dangerous levels. Is it contagious?

73. Hyperthyroidism/Graves' Disease Risk Factors & Symptoms Checklist -- Thyroid Dis HOME ARTICLES ARTICLE. Latest Update. SEARCH SITE. Hyperthyroidism/graves disease Risk Factors Symptoms Checklist http://www.thyroid-info.com/hyperchklst.htm

Sticking Out Our Necks, the FREE Monthly Thyroid News Report, Enter your email address here for a free subscription Or Click Here to Send a "Subscribe" Email Home Newsletters Bookstore ... ARTICLES Latest Update: SEARCH SITE by Mary Shomon Review this checklist to help in identifying symptoms of hyperthyroidism and/or Graves' disease. Once filled out, you can bring this checklist to your doctor to help in getting a correct and timely diagnosis of your overactive thyroid. You can also use this checklist to help discuss with your doctor whether the treatment is sufficiently resolving symptoms. Risk factors for Graves' disease and hyperthyroidism: Autoimmune Information Center Possible symptoms of hyperthyroidism: For more information, see Sticking Out Our Necks Mary Shomon, Editor/Webmaster All information is intended for your general knowledge only and is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment for specific medical conditions. You should seek prompt medical care for any specific health issues and consult your physician or health practitioner before starting a new treatment program. Please see our full

74. Observer | Balancing Act A look at graves' disease, from a husband's perspective. Observer article by Peter Silverton. http://observer.guardian.co.uk/print/0,3858,4154033-102278,00.html

Balancing act Peter Silverton knew something was up when his wife ate 10 meals a day. But they discovered she had Graves' disease Peter Silverton Sunday March 18, 2001 Observer I remember the time when my wife could and would eat four square meals a day, and frequent snacks between, without gaining an ounce. 'Not true,' she said when I reminded her of this. 'It was three breakfasts, two lunches, three teas, two dinners and endless snacks and chocolate.' She didn't feel the cold either. She'd walk around dressed like a Geordie clubber - T-shirt on a snowy day. That's Graves' disease for you. There was also a time when she slept 10 hours a night and ate nothing but the occasional banana, yet still put on weight. Graves' again. Whether gorging or starving, her muscles got progressively softer - despite long hours of practice for her work as a teacher of dance. Graves', too. And there was a day she was banned from buses, followed by three weeks when she wasn't allowed within shouting distance of our young son. That was the treatment for Graves' - a shot of radioactive iodine (I-131). It doesn't exactly light you up like Chernobyl but it is potent enough to be a possible danger to strangers for 24 hours and to the developing body of a six-year-old for 21 days. So, long mother-son cuddles were out for three weeks - hard to explain to a small boy who'd just started school and often needed to come home to his mother's arms at the end of a testing day. So she went away, first to her mother's, then to a dance course. 'Apparently, that was the worst thing I could have done. I should have done something very peaceful which would have helped calm the thyroid.' So not to your mother's, then? 'Exactly,' she laughed.

75. Thyroid Ophthalmopathy Euthyroid graves’ disease is a condition where the characteristic Most patients with ocular graves’ disease manifest systemic hyperthyroidism. http://www.revoptom.com/handbook/SECT62a.HTM

Signs and Symptoms Pathophysiology The histopathologic features of the malady include an infiltration of the thyroid gland, skin, extraocular muscles and orbital fat by lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, mast cells and mucopolysaccharides. These changes are characteristic of, but not limited to, an immunologically mediated mechanism. Management presence of known hyperthyroidism. If symptoms are present and a systemic etiology has not been investigated, consultation with an endocrinologist and laboratory testing for thyroid hormones T3 (triiodothyronine), T4 (tetra-iodothyronine) and TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) are indicated. Neuroimaging of the orbits in patients with exophthalmos and positive forced duction testing allows clinicians to distinguish extraocular muscle infiltration from inflammatory or infectious myositis. Since the primary concern proptosis and lid retraction presents is corneal exposure, ocular management is predominantly supportive. Typically, moistening the cornea with artificial tear drops and ointments is effective. Moisture shields that can be attached to the temples of spectacles help to preserve tears and retard tear evaporation. Punctal occlusion may be effective. Cases that involve moderate to severe keratopathy may require prophylactic topical antibiotics. Visual fields should be performed on patients with advanced stage disease, monitoring for the first sign of sight or field loss. Evaluation is usually every three to six months and is based upon severity.

76. InteliHealth: Graves' Disease InteliHealth Featuring Harvard Medical School s consumer health information. For more than 550 diseases and conditions, learn What Is It?, Symptoms, http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9339/11025.html

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77. InteliHealth: In Graves' Disease InteliHealth Featuring Harvard Medical School s consumer health information. For more than 550 diseases and conditions, learn What Is It?, Symptoms, http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9339/11089.html

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78. Graves' Disease graves disease. Although the thyroid gland is located in the neck, problems in the gland’s function may lead to changes in the eye and orbit (eye socket). http://www.uic.edu/com/eye/PatientCare/EyeConditions/GravesDisease.shtml

HOME PATIENT CARE RESEARCH EDUCATION ... DEPARTMENT Quicklinks eyePRO Clinics Eye Conditions Doctors Directions Grand Rounds Phonebook LIERI Lions Club Patient Care AIDS-Related Eye Problems Allergic Conjunctivitis Amblyopia (lazy eye) ... Wrinkles Eye Conditions Graves' Disease Signs and Symptoms Protrusion of one or both eyeballs. Puffy, swollen eyelids. Gritty, burning, irritated eyes that frequently water. Diplopia (double vision). Decreased vision, often following reduced brightness of colors. Redness and swelling of the conjunctiva, the thin layer covering the white part of the eye. Difficulty in completely closing the eyelids, especially while sleeping. Treatments and Prevention Eye drop lubricants (tear supplements) Pressure dressings to cover the eye Some patients tape their eyes closed when they sleep to prevent further exposure. Lateral tarsorrhaphy, an operation that involves stitching part of the eyelids together Surgically weakening of the muscles that raise the upper eyelids to cause ptosis (eyelid droop) so the eyelids more adequately cover the eyes UIC Specialists James Goodwin,MD

79. Graves' Hyperthyroidism (Thyrotoxicosis) | Graves' Disease | Hyperthyroidism | R What is graves hyperthyroidism or Basedow s disease? Learn about clinical features and treatment. What is radioactive iodine, an antithyroid drug, http://www.thyroid.ca/Guides/HG06.html

Home I Search I Contact Us I To Join I ... Version française Health Guides on Thyroid Disease #6 Graves' Hyperthyroidism (Thyrotoxicosis) Index to this Health Guide Graves Disease Thyroid Stimulating Antibody Clinical Features Treatment ... Other Causes of Hyperthyroidism Graves' Disease Graves' disease is named after the Irish physician who described several cases in the London Medical Journal in 1835. It was actually first described by Parry a few years earlier. In Europe the disease is known as Basedow's disease. In all countries it is also known as "thyrotoxicosis". Graves' disease, by far the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in Canada, affects perhaps one in every 100 people. It appears to be becoming even more common. The disease is an inherited disorder, although not every member of the afflicted families will suffer this condition. It is more common in females than in males. Top Thyroid Stimulating Antibody Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder. It is caused by an abnormal protein, called thyroid stimulating antibody. This antibody stimulates the thyroid gland to produce large amounts of thyroid hormone in an uncontrolled manner. In normal people, the production of thyroid stimulating antibody (and other abnormal antibodies) is prevented by a surveillance system. This system consists of certain blood cells called suppressor and helper lymphocytes and Killer (K) cells, as well as other constituents. The suppressor lymphocytes suppress unwanted lymphocytes. Measurement of the thyroid stimulating antibody present in the blood of most patients with Graves' disease is not usually necessary, in order to establish the diagnosis.

80. Graves' Disease including graves disease which is an autoimmune disorder. graves disease - A description of graves disease includes information about the eye http://www.ability.org.uk/Graves_Disease.html

Our Aims Services Stats ... Z Graves' Disease Graves' Disease - Graves' FAQ including info about eye disease. Hyperthyroidism Information. and Treatment of hyperthyroid disorders, including Graves' Disease which is an auto-immune disorder. Graves' disease - A description of Graves' Disease includes information about the eye problems commonly experienced by Graves' patients. Hyperthyroidism Thyroid Disease and the Eye Graves' Disease Ptosis - Information on eyelid disorders associated with the thyroid gland. Hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis, toxic goiter, Graves' disease) Graves' Disease - A discussion of hyperthyroidism and its causes, Graves' Disease and thyroid eye disease. All About Hyperthyroidism Treatment Of Hyperthyroidism, Including Graves' Disease Thyroid Studies Pathology of Thyroid Dysplasia ... Webmaster . Site Design by Ability "see the ability, not the disability" Acknowledgments

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