21. (ATDN) Fungal Infection Overview A recently completed study that compared clotrimazole to fluconazole to prevent fungal infections showed that fluconazole was m http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

22. Tinea Infections Athlete S Foot, Jock Itch And Ringworm fungal infections are named for the part of the body they infect. Tinea corporisis a fungal infection of the skin on the body. ( Corporis is the Latin http://familydoctor.org/316.xml

Advanced Search familydoctor.org Home Conditions A to Z Infections ... Common Infections Athlete's Foot, Jock Itch and Ringworm What is tinea? How did I get a fungal infection? What areas of the body are affected by tinea infections? How do I know if I have a fungal infection? ... Can tinea cause serious illness? Tinea Infections: Athlete's Foot, Jock Itch and Ringworm Printer-friendly version Email this article What is tinea? Tinea is a fungus that can grow on your skin, hair or nails. As it grows, it spreads out in a circle, leaving normal-looking skin in the middle. This makes it look like a ring. At the edge of the ring, the skin is lifted up by the irritation and looks red and scaly. To some people, the infection looks like a worm is under the skin. Because of the way it looks, tinea infection is often called "ringworm." However, there really isn't a worm under the skin. Return to top How did I get a fungal infection? You can get a fungal infection by touching a person who has one. Some kinds of fungi live on damp surfaces, like the floors in public showers or locker rooms. You can easily pick up a fungus there. You can even catch a fungal infection from your pets. Dogs and cats, as well as farm animals, can be infected with a fungus. Often this infection looks like a patch of skin where fur is missing. Return to top What areas of the body are affected by tinea infections?

23. ADAP Drugs: Ketoconazole Used to treat fungal infections. (Nizoral) http://www.atdn.org/access/drugs/keto.html

ketoconazole (Nizoral) Drug description Ketoconazole is used to treat fungal infections . Off-label use is for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Ketoconazole in pill form is used for systemic treatment of thrush. Pill form is more convenient than topical ointment because you only need to take one pill a day. You must have regular blood tests because ketoconazole can damage your liver. Ketoconazole is less expensive but less effective and more toxic than fluconazole Side effects Ketoconazole can suppress hormone production, including testosterone, especially at high doses over a long time. Ketoconazole must be used cautiously if you have a history of liver disease. Hepatitis is the most dangerous side effect of this drug. Antacids and other drugs that increase gastric pH may decrease absorption. Additive liver toxicity can occur if used in combination with other liver toxic agents such as alcohol. You may experience nausea and vomiting. Ketoconazole should not be taken with the antihistimine Seldane (also known as terfenadine). Together they can lead to dangerously irregular heartbeats. Dosage Ketoconazole comes in pill, ointment and shampoo forms. Adults take 200-400 mg/day in a single dose. Children older than 2 years take 3.3-6.6 mg/kg/day in a single dose. Topical 2% cream is applied 1-2 times daily. Apply enough ointment to cover affected and surrounding areas and rub in gently. Shampoo is applied twice weekly for 4 weeks waiting at least 3 days between treatments.

24. Http//www.aad.org/pamphlets/AthletFoot.html http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

25. EMedicine Dermatology : FUNGAL INFECTIONS - Online Medical Textbooks And Physici eMedicine features upto-date, searchable, peer-reviewed medical journals, onlinephysician reference textbooks, and a full-text article database in 62 http://www.emedicine.com/derm/FUNGAL_INFECTIONS.htm

Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: Dermatology > Fungal Infections Dermatology - Fungal Infections Articles Actinomycosis (CME available) Aspergillosis (CME available) ... Institutional Subscribers We subscribe to the HONcode principles of the Health On the Net Foundation 1996-2005 eMedicine.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved

26. Fungal Skin Infections - Everybody - New Zealand Consumer Health FUNGAL SKIN INFECTIONS tinea pedis, jock itch, athlete's foot, ringworm. What is a fungal infection? http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

27. Clinical Updates In Fungal Infections Clinical Updates in fungal infections Index Volume I, Issue 4 FungalInfections in Immunocompromised Hosts Focus on Epidemiologic Aspects of http://www.nfid.org/publications/clinicalupdates/fungal/

Supported by an unrestricted educational grant from Pfizer, Inc. Clinical Updates in Fungal Infections Index Volume III, Issue 2 - Principles in the Evaluation and Treatment of Candiduria in Adults Volume III, Issue 1 - Practical Suggestions on the Treatment of Candidemia Volume II, Issue 2 - New Antifungal Agents: Emphasis on Lipid Formulations of Amphotericin B Volume II, Issue 1 - Epidemiology and Clinical Aspects of Unusual Fungal Nosocomial Infections Volume I, Issue 4 - Fungal Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts: Focus on Epidemiologic Aspects of Infection Volume I, Issue 3 - Antifungal Drug Resistance: A Focus on Candida Back to C LINICAL ... PDATES

28. F2G - Leaders In Antifungal R&D Startup company that specialises in the research and development for new treatments for serious fungal infections in man. Provides profile, technology overview, news and contact for career opportunities. http://www.f2g.com/

29. Clinical Updates In Fungal Infections fungal infections in Immunocompromised Hosts Focus on Epidemiologic Aspects of Although candidiasis remains the most common fungal infection in http://www.nfid.org/publications/clinicalupdates/fungal/fungal.html

Supported by an unrestricted educational grant from Pfizer, Inc. Volume 1, Issue 4, February 1998 Fungal Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts: Focus on Epidemiologic Aspects of Infection As the population of immunosuppressed individuals increases, so do the numbers and types of fungal infections noted in these patients. Although candidiasis remains the most common fungal infection in immunosuppressed patients, aspergillosis, zygomycosis, and other invasive filamentous fungal infections are a major problem for certain groups of patients. The endemic mycoses, especially histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis, constitute a risk for other groups of patients. Many emerging fungal pathogens are resistant to the currently available antifungal agents and, thus, pose a special risk for immunocompromised patients. Patients At Risk for Fungal Infections The immunocompromised state encompasses many diverse conditions ( Table 1 ).On the one hand are those, such as bone marrow transplant recipients and patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), who have obvious defects of one or several immune system components. On the other are an increasing number of patients, such as those who have multiorgan failure and are in an intensive care unit (ICU) for long periods of time, whose immunosuppression is not easily defined by classic defects in host defenses. Nevertheless, this latter group of patients constitutes the largest group experiencing invasive fungal infections in many hospitals. The development of a fungal infection depends on several (

30. Medinfo: Thrush Medinfo's easy to understand, generic information about thrush, the widely used term for common fungal infections caused by Candida albicans. http://www.medinfo.co.uk/conditions/thrush.html

Medical information for patients index search health books site map Thrush Thrush is the widely used term for a common fungal infection caused by Candida albicans. Usually this takes the form of trivial vaginal or mouth infections, although it can affect the body more widely and seriously on rare occasions. Symptoms Vaginal Thrush This causes itch and a cheesy discharge. The area is often redder than usual. It is often painful too, especially on intercourse, and may be associated with frequency of passing water and burning or pain on passing water. It may, therefore be confused with bladder infections ( cystitis ). Thrush, however, is usually associated with itching, which cystitis is not. Oral Thrush This may cause a sore mouth and throat, and as well as redness, it is characterised by white discharge on the surface. Babies, especially those being bottle fed, may suffer from this, as well as adults. Nappy rash One cause of a persistent nappy/diaper rash is infection of the area with thrush. Causes The cause is a fungus which is found widely in nature (Candida albicans), and indeed, is frequently present in the mouth and motions of people in good health. It seems that it is at periods when the defence mechanisms are down that it actually causes a problem. This can be when physically or mentally "run down", in women either pregnant or on the oral contraceptive pill, in diabetes and people either on steroids, or whose immune systems are suppressed.

31. Fungal Infections Humans have a high level of innate immunity to fungi and most of the infectionsthey cause are mild and selflimiting. This resistance is due to http://www.kcom.edu/faculty/chamberlain/Website/fungi.htm

TO GO BACK TO MY Fungi and Human Disease Humans have a high level of innate immunity to fungi and most of the infections they cause are mild and self-limiting. This resistance is due to: 1. the fatty acid content of the skin, 2. the pH of the skin, mucosal surfaces and body fluids, 3. Epithelial cell turnover, 4. Normal flora, 5. Transferrin, 6. Cilia of the respiratory tract. When fungi do pass the resistance barriers of the human body and establish infections, the infections are classified according to the tissue levels initially colonized. A. Superficial mycoses - infections limited to the outermost layers of the skin and hair. Disease Etiological Agent Symptoms Identification of Organism Pityriasis versicolor Malassezia furfur hypopigmented macules Spaghetti and meatballs appearance of organims in skin scrapings. Tinea nigra Exophiala werneckii black macules Black, 2-celled oval yeast in skin scrapings Black piedra Piedraia hortai black nodule on hair shaft black nodule on hair shaft composed of spore sacs and spores White piedra Trichosporon beigelii creme-colored nodules on hair shaft white nodule on hair shaft composed of mycelia that fragment into arthrospores B. Cutaneous mycoses

32. Fungal Infections This website offers information on fungal infections of the skin, their causes and.The function of the gold standard therapeutic substance, Clotrimazole, http://www.fungal-infections.info/

Contact Sitemap Deutsch supported by Did you know that our skin consists of many different layers? This complex makeup enables the skin to fulfil very varied tasks and functions. It is a very large, versatile and flexible organ that has a direct influence on the entire body. Skin Structure Have you ever experienced a fungal infection? Infections are not particularly dangerous, but very unpleasant. Typical symptoms are reddening, scaling, formation of blisters, as well as itching and burning sensations. Fungi are persistent and need to be treated quickly. Skin Infections Clotrimazole is a modern broad spectrum antifungal which inhibits ergosterol synthesis, an essential component of fungal cell membranes. When ergosterol is lacking the cell membrane gets damaged, leading to the destruction of the fungus. How does Clotrimazole work?

33. Nail Fungal Infections (Onychomycosis) Nail fungal infections deserve special mention. Why? Nail fungal infectionsare treated for cosmetic reasons or because the nail becomes painful. http://www.sfsu.edu/~shs/skinclinic/nail.htm

Nail Fungal Infections (Onychomycosis) HOME Announcements After Hours Care Contact Us ... STUDENT AFFAIRS LINKS Description: Nail fungal infections deserve special mention. Why? Because of their high prevalence (15-20%) and the relatively recent introduction of high-tech drugs which make the previously-untreatable treatable. Patients with early toenail infection notice white or yellow discoloration of the nail. As infection progresses the nail becomes brittle and debris begins to collect under the distal nail. Advanced infections usually demonstrate extreme thickening of the nail plate and some loss of nail adhesion, making it easy for the nail to snag and come off, sometimes painfully so. When infection of the fingernail(s) occurs, the nail usually takes on a moth-eaten appearance. Diagnosis: Other disorders like psoriasis and eczema can cause nail changes that mimic fungal infection, so it is recommended that the fungal cause be confirmed by examining some nail scrapings under the microscope or by plating them on special culture media. Causes: Nail infections are caused by several types of fungi though most are caused by a specific skin fungus (dermatophyte) known as T. rubrum. This is the same organism that causes most athlete's foot, which is discussed separately. Studies show a surprising genetic susceptibility to this infection. If a parent has toenail fungus, then you may get it given the right circumstances.

34. THE MERCK MANUAL--SECOND HOME EDITION, Introduction In Ch. 212, Fungal Skin Infe People with diabetes tend to be more susceptible to fungal infections as well.Strangely, fungal infections on one part of the body can cause rashes on http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec18/ch212/ch212a.html

var externalLinkWarning = "The link you have selected will take you to a site outside Merck and The Merck Manuals.*n*nThe Merck Manuals do not review or control the content of any non-Merck site. The Merck Manuals do not endorse and are not responsible for the accuracy, content, practices, or standards of any non-Merck sources."; Search The Second Home Edition , Online Version Search Index A B C D ... Z Sections Accidents and Injuries Blood Disorders Bone, Joint, and Muscle Disorders Brain, Spinal Cord, and Nerve Disorders ... Women's Health Issues Resources Anatomical Drawings Multimedia Pronunciations Weights and Measures ... , Online Version Section Skin Disorders Chapter Fungal Skin Infections Topics Introduction Candidiasis Ringworm Tinea Versicolor Introduction Buy The Book Print This Topic Email This Topic Pronunciations candidiasis stratum corneum Fungi usually make their homes in moist areas of the body where skin surfaces meet: between the toes, in the genital area, and under the breasts. Many fungi that infect the skin (dermatophytes) live only in the topmost layer of the epidermis (stratum corneum) and do not penetrate deeper. Obese people are more likely to get these infections because they have excessive skinfolds. People with diabetes tend to be more susceptible to fungal infections as well. Strangely, fungal infections on one part of the body can cause rashes on other parts of the body that are not infected. For example, a fungal infection on the foot may cause an itchy, bumpy rash on the fingers. These eruptions (dermatophytids, or id reactions) are allergic reactions to the fungus. They do not result from touching the infected area.

35. Treatment Of Fungal Infections. DermNet NZ Authoritative facts about the skin from the New Zealand Dermatological Society. http://dermnetnz.org/treatments/fungal-treatment.html

@import url("/common/screen.css"); DermNet NZ Ad Authoritative facts about the skin from the New Zealand Dermatological Society Incorporated Home For patients For doctors ... Site map Search: Home Treatments Treatment of fungal infections General measures Reducing reinfection Topical antifungal medications Oral antifungal medications The trade names of the medications sold in New Zealand are given in parentheses. General measures Correct predisposing factors where possible. Keep the affected skin clean and dry. Wash daily. Take care to dry between the toes and in the skin folds; use a hair dryer if necessary. Use your own towel. Carefully clean the shower or bath using bleach. Hot wash socks, towels, bathmats at a temperature of at least 60C. Regularly wash floors where you walk bare foot. Antiseptics Dequalinium chloride lozenges for oral candidiasis Di-iodohydroxyquinoline for vulvovaginal candidiasis To reduce reinfection Fungal spores can survive long periods. To reduce the chance of reinfection: Do not share towels, sheets or personal clothing. Avoid walking bare foot where others may tread - wear jandals, sandals or aquasocks at the public pools and sports changing rooms.

36. PRODIGY Guidance - Fungal (dermatophyte) Infections - Skin And Nails fungal infections of the nail (also known as tinea ungium or onychomycosis).About 5% of cases of fungal nail infections are due to nondermatophyte moulds, http://www.prodigy.nhs.uk/guidance.asp?gt=Fungal - skin and nails

37. Opportunistic Fungal Infections Opportunistic fungal infections. To begin the lecture, click the START button above.Objective. If you are the first time visitor, you might want to know http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec5411/

Lists of Lectures Front Page Opportunistic Fungal Infections To begin the lecture, click the START button above. Objective If you are the first time visitor, you might want to know [ How to navigate within and outside the lecture This is a beta version. Your comments to this version would be highly appreciated as well. Submit Your comments

38. Fungal Infections fungal infections can affect various parts of the body and sometimes be difficultto treat. Find out more about fungal infections of the skin, hair, http://dermatology.about.com/od/fungalinfections/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a15' About Skin Conditions / Acne Skin Diseases Infections Fungal Infections Dermatology Essentials Do I Need a Dermatologist? Help, I have a rash! ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Skin Conditions / Acne newsletter! See Online Courses Search Skin Conditions / Acne Fungal Infections All about fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails. Alphabetical Recent Up a category Fungal Infections - Tinea Versicolor Tinea versicolor is a fungal infection caused by a yeast that normally inhabits the skin. Find out more about why this yeast causes a rash in some people and what this rash looks like. Tinea Versicolor - Treatment of Tinea Versicolor Tinea versicolor is a fungal infection caused by a yeast that normally inhabits the skin. Find out more about the most effective treatment options. Intertrigo - Yeast Infection in Skin Folds Intertrigo is a yeast infection that occurs in skin folds. Find out more about what this yeast infection looks like and how it is treated. Ringworm - Tinea Corporis Ringworm, also known as tinea corporis, is a superficial fungal infection of the skin. Find out more about what the ringworm rash looks like, how it is diagnosed, and how it is treated.

39. Introduction: Fungal Infections - WrongDiagnosis.com Introduction to fungal infections as a medical condition including symptoms,diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/f/fungal_infections/intro.htm

Home Symptoms Diseases Risks ... Diseases Search our medical database Subscribe to our free Newsletter sample Send this page to a friend Condition Lists By Organ By Symptom By Class By Prevalence ... List A-Z Current chapter: Fungal infections Next sections Basic Summary for Fungal infections Prevalence and Incidence of Fungal infections Types of Fungal infections Prevalence of Types of Fungal infections ... Incidence of Types of Fungal infections Next chapters: Oral thrush Athlete's foot Tinea Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis ... Feedback Introduction: Fungal infections Fungal infections: Fungi and yeasts are multi-celled plants that are parasites. An everyday example of a fungus is mushrooms. However, the fungi that cause human disease are usually very small fungi. There are a few common human fungal conditions that are rarely harmful except for those with severely weakened immune systems. Fungal infections: A fungus is actually a primitive vegetable. Fungi can be found in air, in soil, on plants, and in water. Thousands, perhaps millions, of different types of fungi exist on Earth. The most familiar ones to us are mushrooms, yeast, mold, and mildew. Some live in the human body, usually without causing illness. In fact, only about half of all types of fungi cause disease in humans. Those conditions are called mycoses. Conditions list: The list of conditions in the Fungal infections group includes: Candida Vaginal Candidiasis Oral thrush Athlete's foot ... Tinea Yeast infections

40. Fungal Infections Of The Skin - Dermatologychannel Doctors give some fungal infections of the skin the general name. http://www.dermatologychannel.net/fungalinfections/

Home Search SiteMap Contact Us ... Medical Store FUNGAL INFECTIONS Overview Risk Factors Types Symptoms ... FAQs CONDITIONS Acne Alopecia (Baldness) Blistering Disorders Blood Vessel Disorders Dermatitis (Eczema) Follicle Disorders Fungal Infections Lyme Disease ... Viral Infections RESOURCES Anatomy Clinical Trials Dermatology Forum Glossary ... What Is a Dermatologist? FOR DOCTORS ONLY Website Services Get Listed in MDLocator ABOUT US Healthcommunities.com Testimonials Overview Most people are familiar with infections and diseases caused by bacteria and viruses, but many are unaware that there is a whole set of disorders related to infections by fungi (singular: fungus). Many of these fungal infections affect the skin. Doctors give some fungal infections of the skin the general name "tinea." Superficial fungal infections are found in the top layers of the skin and mucous membranes, the hair, and the nails. Examples of fungal infections of the skin and other external surfaces include athlete’s foot, jock itch, ringworm, and candida. These can affect the hair and nails as well. Deep fungal infections invade deeper layers of the skin and hair follicles and can spread to the blood or internal organs. Fungi Fungi are a unique group of organisms that have some plantlike characteristics. Examples of fungi include mushrooms, mold, and yeast. Fungi differ from plants, however, in two major ways: (1) their cell walls are made of chitin, rather than cellulose, and (2) they lack the ability to make their own food by photosynthesis; thus they grow directly on their food source. This food source can be the human skin.

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