21. Encephalitis.info Home Page A comprehensive site for information about all aspects of encephalitis. The site is managed by the encephalitis Society based in the UK. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

22. CDC Arbovirus Home Page - CDC Division Of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases (DVBI Natural Transmission and Maintenance Cycle of Arboviral encephalitis Arboviral encephalitis Cases Reported, by Type, United States http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/arbor/

Arbovirus Contents General Information Fact Sheet Transmission and Maintenance Cycle Global Distribution ... Surveillance Guidelines Vectors Aedes albopictus Aedes japonicus Images of Mosquito Vectors Specific Types Eastern Equine Encephalitis Fact Sheet Japanese Encephalitis La Crosse Encephalitis Fact Sheet St. Louis Encephalitis Fact Sheet ... West Nile Virus Educational Resources Neato Mosquito Curriculum Guide Arboviral Encephalitides Information on Arboviral Encephalitides Fact Sheet: Arboviral Encephalitis Natural Transmission and Maintenance Cycle of Arboviral Encephalitis Global Distribution of Arboviral Encephalitides ... Guidelines for Arbovirus Surveillance in the United States Arbovirus Vectors Information on Aedes albopictus Information on Aedes japonicus ... Images of Mosquito Vectors of Arboviruses Specific Arboviral Encephalitides Eastern Equine Encephalitis Fact Sheet: Eastern Equine Encephalitis Japanese Encephalitis See the CDC Japanese Encephalitis Home Page La Crosse Encephalitis Fact Sheet: La Crosse Encephalitis St. Louis Encephalitis

23. Animal And Zoonotic Disease Surveillance Federation of American Scientists' project for proactive surveillance of zoonoses and other animal diseases. Includes information on rabies, West Nile fever, ehrlichiosis, equine encephalitis, anthrax, Pfiesteria, mad cow disease, deformed frogs, and diseases of both wildlife and farm animals. http://www.fas.org/ahead/

ILIAD-Tanzania Agro-terrorism ProMED Search Project ... The Role of Disease Surveillance in the Watch for Agro-terrorism or Economic Sabotage FAS addresses these issues through public education and international collaboration. The project's operational arm, ILIAD-Tanzania , is a pilot test of a surveillance system designed for remote rural areas in developing or reorganizing countries. Eschewing passive surveillance in favor of a pro-active, response-oriented, continuously operating network that begins at the village level, this system offers the promise of timely and accurate disease detection, diagnosis, prevention, and control. As a fully collaborative program between veterinary service workers, local farmers, wildlife conservation personnel and local governments, it provides a logistical framework for treatment, education and outbreak reporting. It is anticipated that the program will, over time, alleviate poverty in remote villages by increasing livestock and poultry production, control zoonotic diseases in human populations, and prevent disease epidemics in wild animal populations. Special Reports and Outbreak Maps: Chronic Wasting Disease in American Elk and Deer (map) Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Afghan War Theatre (map) Misconceptions about Anthrax Anthrax in the United States: 1997-2002 (maps) Bluetongue: Mediterranean Emergence - Chronicling the Spread from 1997-2002 (map) Outbreak Map Archive News: ProMED-AHEAD-mail Outbreak Reports OIE Weekly Status Reports AnimalNet Archives FAS Disease Archive Continuing Concerns:

24. Eastern Equine Encephalitis Facts Eastern Equine encephalitis. Eastern equine encephalitis is a rare viral disease that is spread by infected mosquitoes. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

25. CDC Fact Sheet: Eastern Equine Encephalitis - CDC Division Of Vector-Borne Infec Eastern equine encephalitis virus is a member of the family Togaviridae, Closely related to Western and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses http://www.cdc.gov/node.do/id/0900f3ec80006dac

Arbovirus Contents General Information Fact Sheet Transmission and Maintenance Cycle Global Distribution ... Surveillance Guidelines Vectors Aedes albopictus Aedes japonicus Images of Mosquito Vectors Specific Types Eastern Equine Encephalitis Fact Sheet Japanese Encephalitis La Crosse Encephalitis Fact Sheet St. Louis Encephalitis Fact Sheet ... West Nile Virus Educational Resources Neato Mosquito Curriculum Guide Eastern Equine Encephalitis Fact Sheet Updated! Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) is a mosquito-borne viral disease. As the name suggests, EEE occurs in the eastern half of the US. Because of the high case fatality rate, it is regarded as one of the more serious mosquito-borne diseases in the United States. TRANSMISSION: What is the EEE transmission cycle? How do people become infected with EEE virus? EEE virus is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito.

26. Japanese Encephalitis Facts Japanese encephalitis. Japanese encephalitis is a potentially severe viral disease that is spread by infected mosquitoes in the agricultural regions http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

27. Postgraduate Medicine: Symposium: Encephalitis encephalitis was deleted from the list of nationally notifiable diseases in 1995 More than 100 different viruses can cause acute encephalitis (table 1). http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/1998/03_98/guti.htm

Encephalitis Identifying the specific cause is key to effective management Kathleen M. Gutierrez, MD; Charles G. Prober, MD VOL 103 / NO 3 / MARCH 1998 / POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE This page is best viewed with a browser that supports tables This is the second of three articles on CNS Infections Preview : Encephalitis affects persons in all age-groups and can result from a myriad of infectious and noninfectious causes. Depending on the cause, the outcome may be benign or in some cases fatal. So where do you start in the process of paring down the diagnostic possibilities? Drs Gutierrez and Prober describe the key clinical features of this potentially life-threatening disease and recommend a comprehensive approach to diagnostic evaluation. E ncephalitis is an acute inflammatory process that affects brain tissue and is almost always accompanied by inflammation of the adjacent meninges. The disease is most commonly caused by viral infection. Encephalitis resulting from viral infection manifests as either acute viral encephalitis or postinfectious encephalomyelitis. Acute viral encephalitis is caused by direct viral infection of neural cells with associated perivascular inflammation and destruction of gray matter. Postinfectious encephalomyelitis follows infection with various viral or bacterial agents; the primary pathologic finding is demyelination of white matter. In the United States, the annual incidence of encephalitis is about 1 in 200,000. Children, the elderly, and immunocompromised persons are most commonly affected (1). Acute encephalitis is more common in the first year of life; in contrast, postinfectious encephalomyelitis is rare in infancy. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2), 717 cases of primary infectious encephalitis and 143 cases of post-infectious encephalomyelitis were reported in 1994; these numbers likely underestimate the true incidence of disease. Encephalitis was deleted from the list of nationally notifiable diseases in 1995.

28. CNN.com - NYC Encephalitis Outbreak Ruled Out - Oct. 13, 2003 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/HEALTH/10/13/nyc.illness.ap/index.html

The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com NYC encephalitis outbreak ruled out Story Tools RELATED Centers for Disease Control HEALTH LIBRARY Infectious disease Health Library YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS Mystery illness Encephalitis or Create your own Manage alerts What is this? NEW YORK (AP) Health officials said they had found no evidence of a feared outbreak of viral encephalitis on Staten Island in New York, but would continue investigating the cause of illness in five people. On Saturday, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene said it was concerned about an outbreak of the potentially deadly illness after five people were hospitalized with symptoms consistent with encephalitis, an inflammation of brain tissue. One of those people was released from the hospital, and two others were found to have underlying health conditions that explained their illnesses. The two remaining patients were still in critical condition Sunday with encephalitis-like symptoms. The cause of their illnesses hadn't been determined, and it was unknown if their cases were related. Health Commissioner Thomas Frieden said the health department would continue to examine the illnesses in search of an explanation, but he ruled out the possibility of an outbreak.

29. St. Louis Encephalitis (SLE) Summary St. Louis encephalitis (SLE), named for the city where the first cases were recognized in 1933, is the most common variety of viral http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

30. EMedicine - Encephalitis : Article By Marjorie Lazoff, MD encephalitis encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain parenchyma, presents as diffuse and/or focal neuropsychological dysfunction. http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic163.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Emergency Medicine Neurology Encephalitis Last Updated: January 10, 2005 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: cephalitis, cerebritis acute encephalitis herpes simplex encephalitis HSE ... California virus encephalitis , LaCross encephalitis, LAC, eastern equine encephalitis , EEE, western equine encephalitis , WEE, Powassan virus , POW virus, Japanese virus encephalitis JE arboviral JE , subacute encephalopathies, chronic encephalopathies, acute arboviral encephalitides, acute viral encephalitides, cytomegalovirus encephalitis , CMV encephalitis, sclerosing panencephalitis, SSPE, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy , PML, HSV Cowdry type A inclusions , acute disseminated encephalitis, postinfectious encephalomyelitis, PIE, Epstein-Barr virus , EBV encephalitis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, SSPE, rabies encephalitis , acute disseminated encephalitis, stiff neck, photophobia, lethargy, toxoplasma encephalopathy , meningismus AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Marjorie Lazoff, MD

31. Equine Encephalitis Stirs Worry In Health Officials CNN http://cnn.com/2003/HEALTH/07/04/equine.encephalitis.ap/index.html

32. Encephalitis Global For encephalitis survivors, caregivers, family and friends a place to discuss, exchange ideas, and learn. West Nile Virus, ADEM, Herpes Simplex http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

33. WNV Home Page West Nile surveillance information for the state. http://www.ndwnv.com/

Current Data 2005 West Nile Virus Samples and Testing Beginning: June 1, 2005 Through: September 6, 2005 Tested to Date Positive to Date* Nation-wide Positive Humans Horses Dead Birds Sentinel Chickens Mosquito Pools Results may change pending further investigation 2005 WNV Human Summary Total Cases: Age Information: Range Cases Gender: Female Male Hospitalized: Active Counties: 60 and over Cases this week identified in the following counties: Burleigh, Cass, Eddy, Grand Forks, Kidder, LaMoure, Morton, Stutsman, and Ward. Information Bytes: New Poster and Brochures Click here for county information Online Dead Bird Reporting Form ... Online Bird Species Identification North Dakota Department of Health, 600 East Boulevard Avenue, Bismarck, ND 58505-0200 (Please Note: This site is currently undergoing construction)

34. EMedicine - Herpes Simplex Encephalitis : Article By Todd Pritz, MD Herpes Simplex encephalitis Despite advances in antiviral therapy over the past 2 decades, herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) remains a serious illness http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic247.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Emergency Medicine Neurology Herpes Simplex Encephalitis Last Updated: April 11, 2005 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: HSE, herpes encephalitis, herpes simplex virus, HSV, herpes simplex virus type 1, HSV-1, herpes simplex virus type 2, HSV-2, sporadic fatal encephalitis, sporadic lethal encephalitis, viral encephalitis AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 10 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Todd Pritz, MD , Clinical Instructor in Medicine, Fellow, Department of Critical Care Medicine, St. John's Mercy Medical Center Todd Pritz, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: Massachusetts Medical Society , and Society of Critical Care Medicine Editor(s): Robin R Hemphill, MD , Associate Program Director, Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University;

35. CNN.com - Encephalitis Kills 17 Children In Northern India - August 25, 2000 CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/HEALTH/08/25/india.encephalitis.reut/index.html

health Editions myCNN Video ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web HEALTH TOP STORIES New treatments hold out hope for breast cancer patients MORE TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Davos protesters confront police MORE ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Encephalitis kills 17 children in northern India LUCKNOW, India (Reuters) Seventeen children have died and 78 people have been admitted to hospital after an outbreak of Japanese encephalitis in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh over the past 10 days, officials said on Friday. State Health Secretary Naresh Dayal said the worst-affected districts were those bordering Nepal, which has also been gripped by the disease.

36. Http://groups.msn.com/EncephalitisGlobal For encephalitis survivors, caregivers, family and friends a place to discuss, exchange ideas, and learn. West Nile Virus, ADEM, Herpes Simplex http://www.encephalitisglobal.com/

37. CNN - New Strain Of Encephalitis Identified In New York Birds - September 25, 19 CNN http://www.cnn.com/NATURE/9909/25/encephalitis.outbreak/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. LOCAL ... daily almanac MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists. Enter your address: document.write(' '); Or: Get a free e-mail account E-MAIL DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: AsiaNow Svenska Norge Danmark ... Italian FASTER ACCESS: europe japan TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: more networks transcripts SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: health > story page New strain of encephalitis identified in New York birds Encephalitis is transmitted from birds to humans by mosquitos First discovery of West Nile virus in Western Hemisphere September 25, 1999 Web posted at: 10:24 a.m. EDT (1424 GMT) From staff and wires reports NEW YORK (CNN) Health officials have identified a strain of encephalitis never before seen in the Western Hemisphere in several bird specimens found in the metropolitan New York area. The discovery of this new strain, known as the West Nile virus, has raised questions about whether 18 recently reported cases of encephalitis stem from the St. Louis variety of the virus or the new one. The West Nile virus is an arbovirus closely related to the St. Louis encephalitis, but usually causes a milder form of the disease in humans. Both viruses are transmitted through the bite of a mosquito infected by feeding on an infected bird.

38. CNN.com - Entertainment - Liza Minnelli Hospitalized With Viral Encephalitis - O CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/SHOWBIZ/Arts/10/23/minnelli.02/index.html

entertainment > performing arts News Lists More Editions myCNN Video Audio ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web ENTERTAINMENT TOP STORIES MORE TOP STORIES More than 11,000 killed in India quake Mideast negotiators want to continue talks after Israeli elections MORE BUSINESS ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Liza Minnelli hospitalized with viral encephalitis Liza Minnelli, shown in 1999, has been hospitalized several times this year FORT LAUDERDALE, Florida (CNN) The Cleveland Clinic Florida Hospital issued a statement Monday confirming reports that Oscar-winning performer Liza Minnelli is suffering from viral encephalitis. The statement said that Minnelli had been "in very serious condition," but "is now recovering well." The hospital is expected to release her "in a few days."

39. NINDS Forwarding Page Meningitis and encephalitis are usually caused by viruses or bacteria. Some forms of bacterial meningitis and encephalitis are contagious and can be http://www.ninds.nih.gov/health_and_medical/pubs/encephalitis_meningitis.htm

NINDS has redesigned its website and the URL for the page you were seeking has changed. The new URL for this page is /disorders/encephalitis_meningitis/detail_encephalitis_meningitis.htm . Please update your bookmark to this page. You will be automatically taken to this page in 5 seconds, or you can click the link to go there now.

40. CNN - New York Health Officials Wage Preventive Campaign As 4 New Cases Of Encep CNN http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9910/01/nyc.encephalitis.01/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. LOCAL ... daily almanac MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists. Enter your address: document.write(' '); Or: Get a free e-mail account E-MAIL DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: AsiaNow Svenska Norge Danmark ... Italian FASTER ACCESS: europe japan TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: more networks transcripts SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: health > story page New York health officials wage preventive campaign as 4 new cases of encephalitis strain reported October 1, 1999 Web posted at: 1:22 a.m. EDT (0522 GMT) In this story: Ground spraying starts Friday night Blood samples to help with health response RELATED STORIES, SITES NEW YORK (CNN) Workers from the Centers for Disease Control and New York City's health department will begin an information blitz in several languages on Friday to increase awareness of a dangerous strain of encephalitis. Health officials also will conduct a random survey of residents in the "hot zone" neighborhoods of northern Queens where many of the cases were first discovered. Officials said blood samples will be requested to determine the presence of antibodies. VIDEO CNN's Dr. Steve Salvatore gives background on West Nile virus

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