101. The 60-Minute Intellectual: Books And Links About Ebola Marmoset Media offers writing, editing, and Web services. The site contains sports and medical information, book reviews, and humor. http://www.marmoset.com/60minute/Webnav/ebola.html

HOME ABOUT MARMOSET MEDIA HEALTH ... INDEX EBOLA - BOOKS AND LINKS Level 4: Virus Hunters of the CDC , by Joseph B. McCormick and Sue Fisher-Hoch, both physicians, tells many stories of treating high-morbidity, high-mortality diseases in developing countries. It is an interesting book that continues several stories that have been emerging over the past five years - emerging viruses, of course, but also bacterial resistance, safe handling of infectious material, the dangers of used needles, and, of course, the environmental conditions that predispose humans to contract disease. Here are some short book reviews and links to sites with documents that treat primarily Ebola. Short reviews of books treating medical ecology and the history of medicine may be found at Books of Medical and Healthcare Interest . A longer review of Level 4: Virus Hunters of the CDC appears in the August 2, 1996, edition of The Net Net BOOKS The Hot Zone , by Richard Preston Anchor Books, a division of Bantam Doubleday Dell A novelistic non-fiction account of the Reston outbreak of filovirus in imported monkeys

102. WHO Declares Uganda Free Of Ebola Virus CNN http://cnn.com/2001/WORLD/africa/02/28/uganda.ebola.ap/index.html

103. Ebola Zaire ebola Zaire. (In all her glory). ebola is a virus named after a river in Zaire, its first site of discovery. A usually fatal filovirus which affects monkeys http://cydathria.com/ebola.html

Ebola Zaire (In all her glory) Ebola is a virus named after a river in Zaire, its first site of discovery. A usually fatal filovirus which affects monkeys, apes and humans, it is a cause of viral hemorrhagic fever there are others. Filoviruses are string-shaped, often with a little hook or loop at one end. Another, somewhat less deadly filovirus is the Marburg virus. Ebola is classified as a Level 4 pathogen (higher than AIDS) with a 2 to 21 day (7 to 14 days average) incubation period. There are currently four known strains of Ebola: Zaire, Sudan, Reston and Tai. All cause illness in sub-human primates. Only Ebola Reston does not cause illness in humans. The mortality rate of Ebola victims is between 60% and 90%; with Ebola Sudan at 60% and Ebola Zaire at 90%. Ebola destroys the brain more thoroughly than does Marburg, and Ebola victims often go into epileptic convulsions during the final stage. The convulsions are generalized grand mal seizures the whole body twitches and shakes, the arms and legs thrash around, and the eyes, sometimes bloody, roll up into the head. The tremors and convulsions of the patient may smear or splatter blood around. Possibly this epileptic splashing of blood is one of Ebola's strategies for success it makes the victim go into a flurry of seizures as he dies, spreading blood all over the place, thus giving the virus a chance to jump to a new host a kind of transmission through smearing. Ebola (and Marburg) multiplies so rapidly and powerfully that the body's infected cells become crystal-like blocks of packed virus particles. These crystal are broods of virus getting ready to hatch from the cell. They are known as bricks. The bricks, or crystals, first appear near the center of the cell and then migrate towards the surface. As a crystal reaches a cell wall, it disintegrates into hundres of individual virus particles, and the broodlings push through the cell wall like hair and float away in the bloodstream of the host. The hatched Ebola particles cling to cells everywhere in the body, and get inside them, and continue to multiply. It keeps on multiplying until areas of tissue all through the body are filled with crystalloids, which hatch, and more Ebola particles drift into the bloodstream, and the amplification continues inexorably until a droplet of the hosts blood can contain a hundred million individual particles.

104. Fast, One-shot Ebola Vaccine Developed CNN http://cnn.com/2003/HEALTH/08/06/ebola.vaccine.ap/index.html

105. Ebola Virus Hemorrhagic Fever The disease ebola virus hemorrhagic fever is caused by a virus. ebola is a virus, named after a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly http://edcp.org/factsheets/ebola.html

EDCP Mission/Vision General Information on Bioterrorism Bioterrorism Information for Health Care Providers Fact Sheets ... ImmuNet Ebola Virus Hemorrhagic Fever PDF version of this Fact Sheet The disease Ebola virus hemorrhagic fever is caused by a virus Ebola is a virus, named after a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire) in Africa, where it was first discovered. It is spread through direct contact with body fluids of a person who is very ill with Ebola virus hemorrhagic fever. Four varieties of Ebola virus are known to exist: Ebola Zaire (EBOZ), Ebola Sudan (EBOS), Ebola Reston (EBOR), and Ebola Ivory Coast. Ebola virus is transmitted person-to-person by direct contact with infected blood, secretions, organs, or semen An infected person can transmit the disease to others as long as virus particles are left in the blood, which may occur weeks after the person is feeling better. There is potential for an infected person to transmit Ebola to others after fully recovering from the illness.

106. Ebola Fact Sheet Fact Sheet from the World Health Organization about ebola Haemorrhagic Fever http://www.who.int/inf-fs/en/fact103.html

107. The Impact Of Ebola On People And Great Apes The ebola virus is transmitted by direct contact with the bodily fluids or organs Several different forms of the ebola virus have been identified and an http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/where_we_work/africa/problems/ebola.cfm

About WWF How You Can Help FAQ Search breadCrumbs("www.panda.org",">","index.cfm","None","None","None","0"); Navigation hidden Africa Problems Background Bushmeat Ebola Habitat loss Illegal logging Exporters Importers Socio-economic effects Toxics The impact of Ebola on people and Great Apes What is Ebola and how is it transmitted? What are the symptoms of Ebola and how can it be treated? Where does Ebola come from? What is the link between the Ebola outbreaks in humans and great apes in Central Africa? ... Where can more information be found? What is Ebola and how is it transmitted? Ebola haemorrhagic fever is one of the most virulent viral diseases known to humankind, causing death in 50-90% of all clinically ill cases. The Ebola virus is transmitted by direct contact with the bodily fluids or organs of infected persons, or by handling ill or dead apes. The incubation period for the disease is 2 to 21 days. What are the symptoms of Ebola and how can it be treated?

108. CNN.com - Supplies Run Short As Ugandan Authorities Wrestle With Ebola - October CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/africa/10/17/uganda.ebola.02.ap/index.html

world africa Editions myCNN ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web WORLD TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Gates pledges $100 million for AIDS Davos protesters face tear gas ... MORE TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Davos protesters face tear gas MORE ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Supplies run short as Ugandan authorities wrestle with Ebola GULU

109. TED Case Study: Ebola And Trade The ebola virus is a rare and extremely deadly virus which has appeared in ebola is one of the most gruesome and deadly viruses in its effects on its http://www.american.edu/TED/ebola.htm

TED Case Studies Ebola, Trade, and the Environment CASE NUMBER: CASE MNEMONIC: EBOLA CASE NAME: Ebola and Trade IDENTIFICATION LEGAL CLUSTERS GEOGRAPHIC CLUSTERS TRADE CLUSTERS ... OTHER FACTORS I. Identification 1. The Issue The Ebola virus is a rare and extremely deadly virus which has appeared in scattered places around the world, most often in Zaire. It is not known where this virus exists in nature, and Ebola is only obvious when had by humans and monkeys. The virus has affected our trade in monkeys and has also affected our trade in informationor lack of it, because the existence of the virus may be kept secret so it does not scare away tourism (another form of trade). The Ebola virus may also be traded for use in biochemical warfare, although there is no evidence of this. There is also no knowledge of where this virus naturally resides, but it can travel fairly easily. 2. Description The Ebola virus is named after the Ebola River in northern Zaire, which flows a short distance north of Yambuku, a small town where the first person in whom this virus was spotted lived. This case study will first describe Ebola's victims, the virus in particular, and responses to the virus. It will go on to describe the history of the virus, and its relationship to trade. This case study also presents related cases, the type of environmental problem, and the economic impact of Ebola, among other topics. Ebola's victims The Ebola virus causes a severe hemorrhagic fever. This fever occurs most often 7-14 days after infection (with the range of 2-21 days).

110. Congo Health Minister Disease Outbreak Probably Not Ebola CNN http://cnn.com/2001/WORLD/africa/12/10/congo.outbreak.reut/index.html

111. Sci-Tech Today - - ebola Suspected in Equatorial Guinea Posted April 27, 2005 554PM ebola is one of the most deadly viral diseases known, killing 50 percent to 90 percent of http://www.sci-tech-today.com/story.xhtml?story_id=12300002GTFI

112. CNN.com - Officials Suspect New Ebola Case In South Uganda - November 3, 2000 CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/africa/11/03/health.uganda.ebola.reut/index.html

world africa Editions myCNN ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web WORLD TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Gates pledges $100 million for AIDS Davos protesters face tear gas ... MORE TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Davos protesters face tear gas MORE ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Officials suspect new Ebola case in south Uganda KAMPALA, Uganda (Reuters) A second man is ill with suspected Ebola fever in southern Uganda after he helped to nurse a patient who died of the deadly haemorrhagic fever last week, health officials said on Friday.

113. THINKQST\Web\epidemics\ebola The ebola Virus Hemorrhagic Fever first broke out in Zaire in 1976. ebola is a member of the RNA group of viruses, also known as filoviruses. http://library.thinkquest.org/11170/epidemics/ebola.html

The Ebola Virus Hemorrhagic Fever first broke out in Zaire in 1976. Ebola is a member of the [ RNA ] group of viruses, also known as [ filoviruses ]. Most filoviruses are carried in (or hosted by) rodents and small insects called [ arthropods ]. Unfortunately, the natural host(s) for Ebola are unknown. There are two types of Ebola: The Ebola virus of Zaire, which is a threat to humans, and the Ebola Reston, which does not affect humans. The Reston strain, found in Reston, VA, was found to affect only monkeys. However, officials believe Reston could mutate to affect humans. The symptoms of Ebola are very severe. With a 50 - 80% fatality rate, victims' futures are bleak. The symptoms occur in 3 steps: Fever, chills, aching muscles, headaches, and loss of appetite. Vomiting, diarrhea, chest pains, sore throat, and abdominal pain. Blood fails to clot and internal and external bleeding can occur.

114. CNN.com - Health - Relatives, Neighbors Shunning Ugandan Ebola Survivors - Novem CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/HEALTH/11/10/uganda.ebola.ap/index.html

health Editions myCNN Video ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web HEALTH TOP STORIES New treatments hold out hope for breast cancer patients MORE TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Davos protesters confront police MORE ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Relatives, neighbors shunning Ugandan Ebola survivors A patient who recovered from the deadly Ebola virus holds his hospital discharge papers KAMPALA, Uganda

115. Ebola ebola and Marburg Hemorrhagic Fevers (Note ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic Agent and Vector The agents for ebola and Marburg HFs are virions that are http://www3.baylor.edu/~Charles_Kemp/ebola.htm

Back to Infectious Diseases or Refugees Ebola and Marburg Hemorrhagic Fevers (Note: Ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic fevers (HFs) are discussed together because of similarities between them. Last update 11/2001. Primary Distribution : Ebola: The Congo, Sudan, Ivory Coast, Gabon, and most recently, Uganda in East, Central, and West Africa. Marburg: Uganda and Kenya in West Africa (Centers for Disease Control [CDC], 2000; World Health Organization [WHO], 2000). Agent and Vector : The agents for Ebola and Marburg HFs are virions that are members of the Filoviridae family, which is passed human to human through exposure to body fluids or by other means, including handling equipment touched by infected persons. The virus is also transmitted by handling infected animal (primate) tissue. The animal host is not known. Ebola and Marburg HFs are highly contagious, especially in later stages. The CDC has guidelines for management of patients with suspected viral hemorrhagic fever (Centers for Disease Control [CDC], 1996). Ebola and Marburg HFs are considered by the CDC to be Category A biological warfare (BW) agents (CDC, 2000). See bioterror box below. Incubation : 3-16 days.

116. Ebola's Return Leaves Villagers And Researchers Struggling For Answers CNN http://cnn.com/2002/WORLD/africa/01/07/ebola.return.ap/index.html

117. CNN.com - Ebola Outbreak 'not Contained' - Feb. 19, 2003 UN health officials confirmed on Wednesday that a disease outbreak killing scores of people in the Republic of Congo was ebola and warned that the highly http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/africa/02/19/congo.ebola.ap/

The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com Ebola outbreak 'not contained' Ebola is spread through bodily fluids and has a two to 21-day incubation period. Story Tools BRAZZAVILLE, Republic of Congo (AP) U.N. health officials confirmed on Wednesday that a disease outbreak killing scores of people in the Republic of Congo was Ebola and warned that the highly lethal haemorrhagic fever could still be spreading. "We're not suggesting that this is over or even contained. We're treating it as an active outbreak," Iain Simpson, a World Health Organization (WHO) spokesman in Geneva, said. So far, 73 people have been infected, of whom 59 have died, according to WHO investigators. Government health officials in the tiny Central African nation report 80 cases with 67 deaths. The Cuvette West region, where the deaths have occurred, has been quarantined by the government since last week. Blood samples drawn from victims in the region tested positive for the Ebola virus, Josef Mboussa, a top official in Republic of Congo's health ministry, said. The disease is one of the world's deadliest, causing rapid death through massive blood loss in up to 90 percent of those infected.

118. 'Ebola Spell' Teachers Stoned CNN http://cnn.com/2003/WORLD/africa/02/21/health.congo.ebola.reut/index.html

119. CNN - Deadly Ebola Virus Lurks In The Shadows - Oct. 18, 1995 In 1976, ebola climbed out of its primordial hiding place in the jungles of Africa, ebola virus victims usually crash and bleed, a military term which http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9510/emerging_diseases/

Fear among us Deadly Ebola virus lurks in the shadows October 18, 1995 Web posted at: 12:30 a.m. From Correspondent Jim Clancy LONDON (CNN) Fear gripped their faces; uncertainty tortured their minds. The people of Zaire waited outside clinics, churches and in their own homes for treatment for a new horrible disease. But there was no cure. They watched people die, hoping that they would be spared the same violent death. In 1976, Ebola climbed out of its primordial hiding place in the jungles of Africa, and in two outbreaks in Zaire and Sudan it wiped out 600 people. To this day, even the most basic questions about the disease remain a mystery. Ebola virus victims usually "crash and bleed," a military term which literally means the virus attacks every organ of the body and transforms every part of the body into a digested slime of virus particles. "Ebola does in ten days what it takes HIV ten years to accomplish," wrote Richard Preston in his best-selling non-fiction book "The Hot Zone." Dr. Lindsey Martinez of the World Health Organization said that no one knows where Ebola hides in between epidemics. "And the investigations are still going on, looking at the animal reservoir to try and find which animal or insect may be harboring the virus and allowing it to re-emerge from time to time as happened in Zaire," Martinez said.

120. CNN.com - Health - Early Ebola Tests On Patient In Canada Negative - February 7, CNN http://cnn.com/2001/HEALTH/02/07/ebola.canada.02/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Danish Japanese Korean Arabic Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW Early Ebola tests on patient in Canada negative WEB EXCLUSIVE Bill Delaney: Ebola scare in Canada HAMILTON, Ontario (CNN) Health officials in Canada said Wednesday preliminary tests on a woman feared to have the Ebola virus have been negative for the deadly hemorrhagic fever. However, they said viral isolation tests are still being conducted and they have not yet been able to rule out other viruses, such as Lassa or yellow fever, as the cause of her illness. "We're being extremely cautious," said Dr. Mark Loeb of Henderson Hospital, where the woman is being treated. But he emphasized the general public is not at risk. "We've had some results from the laboratory in Winnipeg, showing that the Ebola testing is negative," explained Loeb. "The real implication (is) that this greatly reduces the likelihood that this patient has been infected with the Ebola virus." VIDEO CNN's Elizabeth Cohen has more on the possible Ebola case in Canada Play video (QuickTime, Real or Windows Media)

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