61. Dysphagia Information about dysphagia or difficulty in swallowing. http://seniorhealth.about.com/library/conditions/bl_dysphagia.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a08' About Senior Health Disease and Conditions Digestive Disorders Dysphagia Senior Health Essentials Senior Health Dictionary Senior Health FAQ ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Senior Health newsletter! See Online Courses Search Senior Health What is Dysphagia? People with dysphagia have difficulty swallowing and may also experience pain while swallowing. Some people may be completely unable to swallow or may have trouble swallowing liquids, foods, or saliva. Eating then becomes a challenge. Often, dysphagia makes it difficult to take in enough calories and fluids to nourish the body. What Is Dysphagia? How Do We Swallow? How Does Dysphagia Occur? What Are Some Problems Caused by Dysphagia? ... Where Can I Obtain Additional Information? More Articles... 2001 Articles 2000 Articles 1999 Articles If you have any questions or comments on senior health nutrition, fitness, etc., go to the Senior Health Forum where we are talking about the following: Recent Discussions Options?

62. Dysphagia Treatment More results from seniorhealth.about.com AllRefer Health Swallowing Difficulty (dysphagia, Impaired Swallowing Difficulty (dysphagia, Impaired Swallowing) information center covers causes, symptoms, expectations, home care, signs of concern, and treatment. http://seniorhealth.about.com/library/conditions/bl_dysphagia5.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a08' About Senior Health Senior Health Essentials ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Senior Health newsletter! See Online Courses Search Senior Health How Is Dysphagia Treated? There are different treatments for various types of dysphagia. First, doctors and speech-language pathologists who test for and treat swallowing disorders use a variety of tests that allow them to look at the parts of the swallowing mechanism. One test, called a fiber optic laryngoscopy, allows the doctor to look down the throat with a lighted tube. Other tests, including video fluoroscopy, which takes videotapes of a patient swallowing, and ultrasound, which produces images of internal body organs, can painlessly take pictures of various stages of swallowing. Once the cause of the dysphagia is found, surgery or medication may help. If treating the cause of the dysphagia does not help, the doctor may have the patient see a speech-language pathologist who is trained in testing and treating swallowing disorders. The speech-language pathologist will test the person's ability to eat and drink and may teach the person new ways to swallow. Treatment may involve muscle exercises to strengthen weak facial muscles or to improve coordination. For others, treatment may involve learning to eat in a special way. For example, some people may have to eat with their head turned to one side or looking straight ahead. Preparing food in a certain way or avoiding certain foods may help other people. For instance, those who cannot swallow liquids may need to add special thickeners to their drinks. Other people may have to avoid hot or cold foods or drinks.

63. Association Of Rehabilitation Nurses - Dysphagia dysphagia. The ARNCAT provides real-time assessment results. To survey your competency level in this subject area, click on the button corresponding to the http://www.nurseslearning.com/courses/make_test.cfm?Coursekey=2864

64. Oral Pharyngeal Dysphagia The Biofeedback Foundation of Europe (BFE) was founded to promote a greater awareness of biofeedback among European health professionals and, http://www.bfe.org/protocol/pro06eng.htm

Oral Pharyngeal Dysphagia Application of EMG Biofeedback in the Treatment of Oral Pharyngeal Dysphagia Maggie Lee Huckabee, M.A., CCC/SLP Senior Speech Language Pathologist Dysphagia Specialist Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA Introduction Treatment Protocol Treatment of oral-pharyngeal swallowing impairment relies on accurate diagnosis. Thus any treatment protocol should be preceded by a thorough diagnostic evaluation by a qualified speech language pathologist. Specific exercises for the treatment of neurophysiological deficits have been described in the dysphagia literature(1,10,11). The scope of this protocol does not include an exhaustive description of dysphagic abnormalities and the associated treatment strategies of choice. It will encompass description of those treatment strategies that are appreciably enhanced by biofeedback monitoring. Using MyoDac 2TM / MyoCompTM The MyoComp System, as well as other computer assisted EMG Biofeedback Systems, allows for long-term storage of patient biographical, insurance and medical information on a separate diskette. This is accessed through the database mode on the main menu. In addition, a progress note section enables the therapist to store session information regarding the nature of treatment provided, the patients response to treatment, and other pertinent information. This information can be added to the diskette before or after a session through the monitoring mode on the main menu.

65. ClinicalTrials.gov - Information On Clinical Trials And Human Research Studies: Condition dysphagia. 7. Recruiting, Efficacy of Voice Treatment for Parkinson’s Disease Conditions Parkinson s Disease; dysphagia; Dysarthria http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/search/term=Swallowing Disorders

Home Search Browse Resources ... About Search results for Swallowing Disorders [ALL-FIELDS] are shown below. Include trials that are no longer recruiting patients. 33 studies were found. Recruiting Ultrasound and Videofluoroscopy for Diagnosing Swallowing Disorders Conditions: Deglutition Disorder; Motor Neuron Disease Recruiting Comparison of Two Therapies for Upper Esophageal Sphincter (UES) Dysphagia Condition: Deglutition Disorders Recruiting Electrical Muscle Stimulation to Aid Swallowing in Dysphagia Conditions: Deglutition Disorder; Healthy Recruiting Toronto Bedside Swallowing Screening Test (TOR-BSST) - A Bedside Swallowing Screening for Stroke Patients. Conditions: Cerebrovascular Accident; Deglutition Disorders Recruiting Study of Tongue Pressures Conditions: Deglutition Disorder; Healthy Recruiting Study to Evaluate Palifermin in the Reduction of Dysphagia in Patients with Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Conditions: Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Lung Cancer Recruiting Effects of Age and Age-Related Diseases on Swallowing Condition: Dysphagia Recruiting Conditions: Parkinson's Disease; Dysphagia; Dysarthria

66. Clinical Trial: Electrical Muscle Stimulation To Aid Swallowing In Dysphagia INCLUSION CRITERIA FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PHARYNGEAL dysphagia Evidence of pharyngeal dysphagia placing the patient at risk for aspiration. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/gui/show/NCT00001936

Home Search Browse Resources ... About Electrical Muscle Stimulation to Aid Swallowing in Dysphagia This study is currently recruiting patients. Verified by National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC) August 24, 2005 Sponsored by: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Information provided by: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC) ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of using extrinsic laryngeal muscle stimulation to elevate the larynx in a manner similar to that which occurs during normal swallowing. This research will also determine whether laryngeal elevation will open the upper esophageal sphincter to assist with entry of the bolus into the esophagus. This protocol includes studies in normal volunteers and patients with swallowing disorders. The outcome of this study will be relevant to future use of neuromuscular stimulation for laryngeal elevation in patients with pharyngeal dysphagia. Condition Deglutition Disorder Healthy MedlinePlus related topics: Dysphagia Study Type: Observational Study Design: Natural History Official Title: Feasibility of Neuromuscular Stimulation for Laryngeal Elevation During Swallowing Further Study Details: Expected Total Enrollment: 125 Study start: September 28, 1999

67. U.S. Pharmacist Implications of dysphagia in the Elderly. Concepts to Consider. Mary Ann E. Zagaria, PharmD, MS, CGP Senior Care Consultant Pharmacist and President of MZ http://www.uspharmacist.com/index.asp?show=article&page=8_1410.htm

68. Dysphagia - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Children with dysphagia usually have trouble eating enough, The symptoms that children with dysphagia have may be obvious, or they can be difficult to http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/digest/dysphagi.html

Clinical Nutrition Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Hepatology Liver Transplantation Gastroenterologists ... Transplantation Digestive and Liver Disorders Dysphagia What is dysphagia? Dysphagia is a term that means "difficulty swallowing." It is the inability of food or liquids to pass easily from the mouth, into the throat, and down into the esophagus to the stomach during the process of swallowing. What causes dysphagia? To understand dysphagia, we must first understand how we swallow. Swallowing involves three stages. These three stages are controlled by nerves that connect the digestive tract to the brain. oral preparation stage Food is chewed and moistened by saliva. The tongue pushes food and liquids to the back of the mouth towards the throat. (This phase is voluntary: we have control over chewing and beginning to swallow.) pharyngeal stage Food enters the pharynx (throat). A flap called the epiglottis closes off the passage to the windpipe so food cannot get into the lungs. The muscles in the throat relax. Food and liquid are quickly passed down the pharynx (throat) into the esophagus. The epiglottis opens again so we can breathe. (This phase starts under voluntary control, but then becomes an involuntary phase that we cannot consciously control.) esophageal stage Liquids fall through the esophagus into the stomach by gravity. Muscles in the esophagus push food toward the stomach in wave-like movements known as peristalsis. A muscular band between the end of the esophagus and the upper portion of the esophagus (known as the lower esophageal sphincter) relaxes in response to swallowing, allowing food and liquids to enter the stomach. (The events in this phase are involuntary.)

69. Dysphagia - New York Eye & Ear Infirmary Swallowing problems (dysphagia) have been found to occur in approximately 13 If you wish to inquire about dysphagia services, please call 212979-4340. http://www.nyee.edu/page_deliv.html?page_no=161

70. Dysphagia / Swallowing Disorders - Otolaryngology (ENT) Ear, Nose, Throat Surger dysphagia is the term used for difficulty in swallowing. Although many people experience dysphagia, it is most common among the elderly. http://www.stronghealth.com/services/surgical/ENT/dysphagia.cfm

@import "/css/Strongw3c.css"; Search: Search Help ENT Surgery Our Specialists What is an Otolaryngologist? Choosing a Specialist Conditions We Treat Adenoid Infections Allergies Balance Disorders Cleft Palate ... Vocal Disorders Our Services Allergy Ear Surgery Facial Surgery General Otolaryngology ... Pediatric Surgery Patient Forms Pre-Registration Our New Location at Clinton Woods Home Locations Clinton Woods Greece Highland Hospital Research Research Home Our Researchers Research Program For Medical Professionals Residency Program Resources Helpful Web Sites More Information ENT News Clinical Trials Department of Otolaryngology Conditions We Treat Dysphagia/Swallowing Disorders What Is Dysphagia? Dysphagia is the term used for difficulty in swallowing. Although many people experience dysphagia, it is most common among the elderly. Dysphagia occurs when there is any difficulty in the swallowing process, and can result from many things, such as ill-fitting dentures to neurological problems, such as a stroke. Symptoms of Dysphagia Some are all of the following symptoms may be experienced: The sensation that something is sticking in the throat, or that there is a "lump" in the throat

71. Department Of Speech Pathology & Audiology It is a summary of the student’s major learning in the area of dysphagia I have just completed the Swallowing dysphagia course as an online student. http://www.flinders.edu.au/speechpath/online_dysphagia.htm

Why study at Flinders? Carol Westby at Flinders Bachelor of Speech Pathology Master of Speech Pathology ... Contact Us Dysphagia On-Line Modules of Study Assessment Topic Objectives How to enrol ... Student Feedback Modules of study The topic is organised in four modules of study which can be self paced, but might each take 2-3 weeks to complete. Each module contains three learning activities designed to support a single PBL case (Problem Based Learning). Each case evolves over a series of disclosures, with students determining the learning issues and researching them independently. Many resources for this research are available online, including key research articles. There are several recommended videos, but if these are not obtainable from a local university or library, alternate texts that will achieve a similar purpose can be suggested. There are no set texts but purchase of the CD-ROM, The Dynamic Swallow , is recommended for use in many of the learning activities. Numerous institutions in the UK and elsewhere have this resource, so it may be easy for students to borrow it. We have a very good student price, too (~ 70% discount).

72. Palliation Of Dysphagia Of Esophageal Cancer By Endoscopic Lumen Restoration Tec The presence of dysphagia as a presenting symptom of esophageal cancer The average patient has had significant, easily recognizable dysphagia for at http://www.moffitt.usf.edu/pubs/ccj/v6n1/article7.html

Palliation of Dysphagia of Esophageal Cancer by Endoscopic Lumen Restoration Techniques H. Worth Boyce, Jr, MD, FACP, MACG Proper management of dysphagia due to esophageal carcinoma should include palliative methods. Background: Cure of patients with esophageal cancer has remained rare over the past four decades. The overall five-year survival rate for squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus currently is reported as 12% in whites and 8% in blacks. The five-year survival rate for localized disease at initial staging is only 26% for whites and 13% for blacks. With regional involvement, these rates are 11% and 7%, respectively. Methods: The author reviews the literature on optimal endoscopic lumen restoration techniques, including dilation, thermal laser and chemical ablation, photodynamic therapy, and stents. Procedures for pain relief and nutritional support are also presented. Results: Lumen restoration to relieve dysphagia and provide the opportunity for sustaining reasonable peroral nutrition is an essential element in the overall management. Nonsurgical lumen restoration procedures have much to offer for dysphagia palliation and are briefly reviewed in this presentation. The major options include ablation of intraluminal tumor mass by thermal laser, photodynamic laser, chemical ablation, peroral dilation, and placement of esophageal stents. Most patients require more than one palliative method to sustain lumen patency during the course of their disease.

73. JHHLS - Information On Dysphagia & Other Difficulty In Swallowing Disorders Premier resource for information on dysphagia, cuase of dysphagia, dysphagia treatment and other swallowing disorders that cause difficulty in swallowing. http://www.jewishhome.org/script.asp?SubCatID=65

74. Information About Dysphagia dysphagia may be associated with pain while swallowing. Some people with dysphagia are unable to swallow. dysphagia can occur at any age. http://www.mamashealth.com/dental/dysphagia.asp

Mamashealth.com Home Oral Health Braces Broxism Canker Sore Cavities ... Wisdom Teeth Links Email Mama What is Dysphagia? Dysphagia (pronounced dis-FA-je-uh) is difficulty in moving food or liquid from your mouth to your stomach . Dysphagia may be associated with pain while swallowing. Some people with dysphagia are unable to swallow. Dysphagia can occur at any age. However, it is most common in older adults. Symptoms of Dysphagia? The most common symptoms of dysphagia are: Pain while swallowing Inability to swallow Choking or coughing while eating Sensation of food getting stuck in your throat or chest, or behind your breastbone Pressure or pain in your chest Frequent heartburn Gurgling sound in your throat Unexpected weight loss In infants and children, common symptoms of dysphagia are: Lack of attention during feeding or meals Tensing of the body during feeding Refusing to eat foods of different textures Lengthy feeding or eating times (30 minutes or longer) Food or liquid leaking from the mouth Coughing or gagging during feeding or meals Spitting up or vomiting during feeding or meals Inability to coordinate breathing with eating and drinking Poor weight gain or growth What Causes Dysphagia?

75. Emergency Medicine What are some of the esophageal etiologies of dysphagia? Patients with esophageal dysphagia generally complain that food feels as if it were stuck in their http://www.emedmag.com/html/pre/gic/consults/091503.asp

Dysphagia The authors enumerate oropharyngeal, esophageal, and structural causes of swallowing difficulty and outline a diagnostic approach, pointing out "red flags" and special considerations along the way. By Nasir Hussain, MD, and Bernard Karnath, MD Dr. Hussain and Dr. Karnath are assistant professors in the division of general internal medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston What is the definition of dysphagia? The word dysphagia is derived from the Greek roots dys (with difficulty) and phagia (to eat) and is defined as the subjective sensation of having difficulty swallowing. The feeling of food being stuck in the throat or chest and difficulty initiating a swallow are some of the ways patients describe the feeling. These patients may have a change in voice or a globus or ball-like sensation in the hypopharynx; they may also experience difficulty masticating, coughing while eating, and weight loss and are susceptible to aspiration pneumonia. Odynophagia is pain on swallowing and may be associated with dysphagia. How common is dysphagia? Does the incidence change with age?

76. Electrical Stimulation Aids Dysphagia The use of electrical stimulation to aid dysphagia has gained increasing attention within clinical and research areas of speechlanguage pathology, http://www.asha.org/about/publications/leader-online/archives/2004/040316/040316

@import url( /styles/importmenuA.css ); Skip to: content navigation Our site's pages are optimized for Web browsing software that supports current Web standards, as established by the World Wide Web Consortium (http://www.w3c.org/) . Content is accessible from older or less standards-compliant technologies, but its presentation will not be identical to visitors with standards-compliant software. Read more on our site's changes and accessiblity. Find a Professional Shop My Account Guest Login Search for: Advanced Search Home Site Location: Home About ASHA Publications ASHA Leader Online ... March 16, 2004 Electrical Stimulation Aids Dysphagia see also:  References cite as: by Ianessa Humbert and Christy L. Ludlow The use of electrical stimulation (ES) to aid dysphagia has gained increasing attention within clinical and research arenas of speech-language pathology. With recent advances in technology, the use of ES is becoming more widely available to speech-language pathologists and may be incorporated as a tool in dysphagia rehabilitation along with behavioral therapy in the future. Electrical stimulation is most effective when applied to an intact system of nerves and muscles in patients who have lost the central nervous system control of movement due to brain injury. When ES is applied to the nerve endings in the muscle or to nerves innervating the muscles to produce muscle contractions, it is referred to as neuromuscular stimulation. When ES is applied to the skin (surface stimulation), it will activate sensory fibers in the skin and only those muscles immediately below the skin surface, if enough intensity is applied. Most applications use electrodes inserted into the muscles (intramuscular) and an indwelling controller like a pacemaker to provide the stimulation either under patient or automatic control. Neuromuscular stimulation is used in rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury to control hand movements and bladder function, and is now being developed for sleep apnea and dysphagia (Grill et al., 2001).

77. Dysphagia Conference dysphagia in Degenerative Disease (adult track). Sunday, Feb. 15, 3-4 pm -Current Research and the Future of dysphagia Practice http://www.asha.org/about/news/releases/2004/DysphagiaConference.htm

@import url( /styles/importmenuA.css ); Skip to: content navigation Our site's pages are optimized for Web browsing software that supports current Web standards, as established by the World Wide Web Consortium (http://www.w3c.org/) . Content is accessible from older or less standards-compliant technologies, but its presentation will not be identical to visitors with standards-compliant software. Read more on our site's changes and accessiblity. Find a Professional Shop My Account Guest Login Search for: Advanced Search Home Site Location: Home About ASHA News Room Press Releases Contact: Mona Thomas For Immediate Release: Swallowing Disorders in Children and Adults to Be Focus of Conference in Orlando Experts Will Examine Current Issues, Challenges, and Controversies in Treatment What:  DYSPHAGIA (Swallowing Disorders) IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN, a Health Care Conference, will offer separate session tracks for children and adults.  Highlights: Saturday, Feb. 14, 9:30 am to 12 noon -Behavioral Problems in Children with Feeding and Swallowing Disorders   (pediatric track) -Dysphagia in Degenerative Disease (adult track) Sunday, Feb. 15, 3-4 pm

78. Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing) When systemic scleroderma affects the esophagus, it can cause dysphagia, which is difficulty swallowing. http://www.sclero.org/medical/symptoms/gi/dysphagia.html

www.sclero.org So you'd like to learn more about scleroderma? an Amazon guide by Shelley Ensz, ISN President Our site menu requires pop-ups and javascript enabled. About the ISN Join/Donate Languages Medical Scleroderma Experts Symptoms Newsroom Message Board Support Stories Support Groups SWA Sites to Surf!

79. Dysphagia Program - St. Martha's R. H. Patients with dysphagia following stroke are at high risk for complications of In our hospital when a referral for a patient with dysphagia is received, http://www.theberries.ns.ca/Archives/Dysphagia.html

DYSPHAGIA PROGRAM ST. MARTHA'S REGIONAL HOSPITAL ASSESSMENT THROUGH CLINICAL OBSERVATION AND MODIFIED BARIUM SWALLOW STUDY Patients with dysphagia following stroke are at high risk for complications of aspiration. In our hospital when a referral for a patient with dysphagia is received, a Dysphagia Team member (Speech-Language Pathologist and/or Dietitian) will review the chart, complete a bedside clinical assessment of the patient's level of alertness, oral motor skill, complete test swallows with a variety of food consistencies and determine if further investigation with a modified barium swallow study is indicated. Note that observation of presence or absence of the gag reflex is not used as part of the clinical assessment. TO GAG OR NOT TO GAG Traditionally, presence or absence of a gag reflex has been used as a clinical indicator in determining the patient's readiness and safety in accepting food orally however. THE GAG REFLEX is not elicited during a normal swallow is not protective for the swallow. The protective reflex for swallowing is the cough, which should be triggered when food enters the larynx. The cough reflex is frequently not elicited in dysphagic patients. (See UNRELIABLE COUGH REFLEX below is not elicited when food falls into the pharynx or airway prematurely or in an uncontrolled way [from Logemann, J., (1985) The Diagnosis and Treatment of Dysphagia. Evanston, Ill.]

80. Therapy For Dysphagia Associated With COPD COPD Treatment and Maintenance of dysphagia Introduction causing the dysphagia, as well as the patient’s swallowing physiology. http://www.ucs.louisiana.edu/~ncr3025/roussel/codi531/COPD2.html

Kristi Roya and Allison Latiolais COPD: Treatment and Maintenance of Dysphagia Introduction -To make treatment most effective the clinician must: Understand the patient’s medical problems causing the dysphagia, as well as the patient’s swallowing physiology. The treatment plan must be tailored to the specific diagnosis. Planning Treatment -Respiratory function should be considered. Normal swallowing requires airway closure for a brief period of time-3-5 seconds or more during continuous cup drinking. If a patient’s respiratory function is poor, they may be unable to tolerate even the normal brief duration of airway closure duration. -Some swallowing therapy procedures require modifying airway closure duration, such as super-supraglottic swallowing. -If respiratory function is severely affected, some types of swallowing therapy may need to be postponed until respiration improves. Diet should also be considered: Oral Feeding: If a patient can tolerate a consistency without aspiration they can be fed orally. Nutritional supplements may be needed in addition to food.

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