1. Dysphagia Resource Center The dysphagia Resource Center is the most comprehensive collection of internet links and general information regarding swallowing and its disorders. http://www.dysphagia.com/

Dysphagia Resource Center Resources for swallowing and swallowing disorders. Below are links to an abundance of web site that contain information regarding swallowing and swallowing disorders. If you don't know where to start, I recommend going to the Tutorial and Article section as it provides lots of information, which is organized alphabetically. VENDOR LIST Anatomy and Physiology Dysphagia Mail List Archive Case Studies Medical Search Engines Please see the awards that have been granted to this web site. Serving the Dysphagia professional since February 1996. "This site blew me away, I nearly choked!" Please send suggestions and comments to ppalmer@dysphagia.com

2. Welcome To Dysphagiaonline.com - Dysphagiaonline.com Provides information about swallowing difficulties for patients and professionals. http://www.dysphagiaonline.com/

Welcome to dysphagiaonline.com Choose your language: English French German Italian ... Dutch This site is supported by an educational grant from Novartis Consumer Health Printer friendly version Download Acrobat Reader Novartis.com Contact ... Help

3. Dysphagia For physicians with some patient information. Includes physiology of swallowing, symptoms, tests, causes, and bibliography. http://www.utmb.edu/otoref/Grnds/Dysphagia-2001-11/Dysphagia-2001-11.htm

TITLE: Dysphagia SOURCE: Grand Rounds Presentation, UTMB, Dept. of Otolaryngology DATE: November 21, 2001 RESIDENT PHYSICIAN: Shashidhar Reddy , MD FACULTY PHYSICIAN: Matthew W. Ryan, MD SERIES EDITORS: Francis B. Quinn, Jr., MD and Matthew W. Ryan, MD Grand Rounds Index UTMB Otolaryngology Home Page "This material was prepared by resident physicians in partial fulfillment of educational requirements established for the Postgraduate Training Program of the UTMB Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery and was not intended for clinical use in its present form. It was prepared for the purpose of stimulating group discussion in a conference setting. No warranties, either express or implied, are made with respect to its accuracy, completeness, or timeliness. The material does not necessarily reflect the current or past opinions of members of the UTMB faculty and should not be used for purposes of diagnosis or treatment without consulting appropriate literature sources and informed professional opinion." Physiology of Swallowing Dysphagia is defined as difficulty swallowing.

4. Evaluating Dysphagia - June 15, 2000 - American Academy Of Family Physicians Complaints of dysphagia (difficult swallowing) are common, especially in aging persons. Stroke is the leading cause of oropharyngeal dysphagia. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000615/3639.html

Advanced Search AAFP Home Page Journals Vol. 61/No. 12 (June 15, 2000) Evaluating Dysphagia MICHAEL R. SPIEKER, CAPT, MC, USN Naval Hospital, Jacksonville, Florida Dysphagia is a problem that commonly affects patients cared for by family physicians in the office, as hospital inpatients and as nursing home residents. Familiar medical problems, including cerebrovascular accidents, gastroesophageal reflux disease and medication-related side effects, often lead to complaints of dysphagia. Stroke patients are at particular risk of aspiration because of dysphagia. Classifying dysphagia as oropharyngeal, esophageal and obstructive, or neuromuscular symptom complexes leads to a successful diagnosis in 80 to 85 percent of patients. Based on the patient history and physical examination, barium esophagram and/or gastroesophageal endoscopy can confirm the diagnosis. Special studies and consultation with subspecialists can confirm difficult diagnoses and help guide treatment strategies. (Am Fam Physician 2000;61:3639-48.) C omplaints of dysphagia (difficult swallowing) are common, especially in aging persons. Approximately 7 to 10 percent of adults older than 50 years have dysphagia, although this number may be artificially low because many patients with this problem may never seek medical care.

5. Dysphagia [NIDCD Health Information] Includes definition, symptoms and signs, causes, treatment, and research http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/voice/dysph.asp

Change text size: S M L Home ... Voice, Speech, and Language Dysphagia On this page: What Is Dysphagia? How Do We Swallow? How Does Dysphagia Occur? What Are Some Problems Caused by Dysphagia? ... Where Can I Obtain Additional Information? What Is Dysphagia? People with dysphagia have difficulty swallowing and may also experience pain while swallowing. Some people may be completely unable to swallow or may have trouble swallowing liquids, foods, or saliva. Eating then becomes a challenge. Often, dysphagia makes it difficult to take in enough calories and fluids to nourish the body. Top How Do We Swallow? Swallowing is a complex process. Some 50 pairs of muscles and many nerves work to move food from the mouth to the stomach. This happens in three stages. First, the tongue moves the food around in the mouth for chewing. Chewing makes the food the right size to swallow and helps mix the food with saliva. Saliva softens and moistens the food to make swallowing easier. During this first stage, the tongue collects the prepared food or liquid, making it ready for swallowing. The second stage begins when the tongue pushes the food or liquid to the back of the mouth, which triggers a swallowing reflex that passes the food through the pharynx (the canal that connects the mouth with the esophagus). During this stage, the larynx (voice box) closes tightly and breathing stops to prevent food or liquid from entering the lungs.

6. Dysphagia, UPMC | University Of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Describes the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of dysphagia. http://dysphagia.upmc.com/

Home Dysphagia Dysphagia is difficulty swallowing. Some people also experience pain. If dysphagia is severe, you may not be able to take in enough fluids and calories to stay healthy. In severe cases, even saliva is difficult to swallow. Read more Overview Diagnosis Treatment Options ... Contact UPMC Supplemental content provided by EBSCO Publishing Terms and Conditions

7. Dysphagia Research Society Organization established to serve researchers and clinicians from different areas of inquiry who share a research interest in dysphagia and swallowing disorders. http://www.dysphagiaresearch.org/

Dysphagia Research Society Home Journal Meetings Membership ... Members Mission The Dysphagia Research Society is organized exclusively for charitable, educational and scientific purposes. In particular, the purposes of the Society are: to enhance and encourage research pertinent to normal and disordered swallowing and related functions to attract new investigators to the field and to encourage interdisciplinary research to promote the dissemination of knowledge related to normal and disordered swallowing to provise a multidisciplinary forum for presentation of research into normal and disordered swallowing to foster new methodologies and instrumentation in dysphagia research and its clinical applications Latest News Membership and 2006 Meeting Information - NEW!! (4 Mar 2005) DRS to meet next in Spring 2006 (21 Feb 2005) 2004 meeting registration - all time high! (21 Feb 2005) Older News... Contact Admin Login

8. Dysphagia Resource Center The dysphagia Resource Center is the most comprehensive collection of internet links and general information regarding swallowing and its disorders. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. MedlinePlus: Dysphagia dysphagia. From the National Institutes of Health; dysphagia (National Institute on Research; Electrical Stimulation Aids dysphagia (American http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/dysphagia.html

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Other health topics: A B C D ... List of All Topics Dysphagia Contents of this page: News From the NIH Overviews Diagnosis/Symptoms ... Information from the Medical Encyclopedia Search MEDLINE/PubMed for recent research articles on Dysphagia You may also be interested in these MedlinePlus related pages: Gastroesophageal Reflux/Hiatal Hernia Digestive System Latest News Detecting Swallowing Problems Prevents Pneumonia (09/05/2005, Reuters Health) From the National Institutes of Health Dysphagia (National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders) Swallowing Disorders (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Overviews Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia) (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Diagnosis/Symptoms Esophageal Muscle Test (Manometry) (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Upper Endoscopy (National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse) Treatment Treatment of Swallowing Problems (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Specific Conditions Oromandibular Dystonia (Dystonia Medical Research Foundation) Swallowing Problems After Head and Neck Cancer (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association) Related Issues Esophageal Spasms (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Clinical Trials ClinicalTrials.gov: Deglutition Disorders

10. Vocatek, Inc. Diet guidelines for people with swallowing disorders. http://www.vocatek.com/

Vocatek, Inc. Professional Products designed for people with speech, language and swallowing disorders Contact Information Telephone F ax Address P.O. Box 2405 Naperville, Illinois 60567-2405 E-mail: mail@vocatek.com

11. Title Of Document Swallowing Disorders Difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia) is common among all age groups, especially the elderly. The term dysphagia refers to the feeling of http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. Dysphagia (Print Version) dysphagia. URL of this page http//www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/dysphagia.html Research; Electrical Stimulation Aids dysphagia (American http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/print/dysphagia.html

To print this page, use the print option from your browser. To close this window, click on the "x" in the upper right hand corner of the window. Dysphagia URL of this page: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/dysphagia.html Latest News Detecting Swallowing Problems Prevents Pneumonia (09/05/2005, Reuters Health) - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_26718.html (*this news item will not be available after 10/05/2005) From the National Institutes of Health Dysphagia (National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders) - http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/voice/dysph.asp Swallowing Disorders (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/swallowing_disorders/swallowing_disorders.htm Overviews Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia) (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) - http://www.mayoclinic.com/invoke.cfm?id=DS00523 Diagnosis/Symptoms Esophageal Muscle Test (Manometry) (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) - http://www.mayoclinic.com//invoke.cfm?id=AN00340 Upper Endoscopy (National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse) - http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/upperendoscopy/

13. SpringerLink - Publication Devoted to swallowing and its disorders. http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00455/index.htm

Articles Publications Publishers Home Publication Dysphagia Publisher: Springer-Verlag New York, LLC ISSN: 0179-051X (Paper) 1432-0460 (Online) Subject: Medicine Issues in bold contain content you are entitled to view. Volume 20 Number 1 / March 2005 Request a sample Volume 19 Number 4 / November 2004 Number 3 / August 2004 Number 2 / May 2004 Number 1 / January 2004 Volume 18 Number 4 / October 2003 Number 3 / August 2003 Number 2 / May 2003 Number 1 / February 2003 Volume 17 Number 4 / December 2002 Number 3 / July 2002 Number 2 / April 2002 Number 1 / February 2002 Volume 16 Number 4 / October 2001 Number 3 / May 2001 Number 2 / March 2001 Number 1 / January 2001 Volume 15 Number 4 / September 2000 Number 3 / May 2000 Number 2 / March 2000 Number 1 / January 2000 Volume 14 Number 4 / August 1999 Number 3 / May 1999 Number 2 / February 1999 Number 1 / January 1999 Volume 13 Number 4 / August 1998 Number 3 / June 1998 Number 2 / February 1998 Number 1 / January 1998 Volume 12 Number 4 / August 1997 Number 3 / May 1997 Number 2 / April 1997 Number 1 / January 1997 First page Previous page Next page Last page Linking Options About This Journal Editorial Board Manuscript Submission Quick Search Search within this publication...

14. Dysphagia Online dysphagia http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. HSC Specialty Food Shop Products for individuals on special diets, including allergy, glutenfree, low-protein, dysphagia, and infant formulas. Owned and operated by The Hospital for Sick Children. http://www.sickkids.on.ca/sfs_site/

16. Dysphagia [NIDCD Health Information] How Does dysphagia Occur? dysphagia occurs when there is a problem with any part of the swallowing process. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

17. SpringerLink - Publication link.springerny.com/link/service/journals/00455/t dysphagia-Dietfinally a site for dietitians and speech language pathologist to share and get new information about the dysphagia diet. http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/journals/00455/

Articles Publications Publishers Home Publication Dysphagia Publisher: Springer-Verlag New York, LLC ISSN: 0179-051X (Paper) 1432-0460 (Online) Subject: Medicine Issues in bold contain content you are entitled to view. Volume 20 Number 1 / March 2005 Request a sample Volume 19 Number 4 / November 2004 Number 3 / August 2004 Number 2 / May 2004 Number 1 / January 2004 Volume 18 Number 4 / October 2003 Number 3 / August 2003 Number 2 / May 2003 Number 1 / February 2003 Volume 17 Number 4 / December 2002 Number 3 / July 2002 Number 2 / April 2002 Number 1 / February 2002 Volume 16 Number 4 / October 2001 Number 3 / May 2001 Number 2 / March 2001 Number 1 / January 2001 Volume 15 Number 4 / September 2000 Number 3 / May 2000 Number 2 / March 2000 Number 1 / January 2000 Volume 14 Number 4 / August 1999 Number 3 / May 1999 Number 2 / February 1999 Number 1 / January 1999 Volume 13 Number 4 / August 1998 Number 3 / June 1998 Number 2 / February 1998 Number 1 / January 1998 Volume 12 Number 4 / August 1997 Number 3 / May 1997 Number 2 / April 1997 Number 1 / January 1997 First page Previous page Next page Last page Linking Options About This Journal Editorial Board Manuscript Submission Quick Search Search within this publication...

18. Swallowing : Food Stuck Without Blockage In Esophagus Vs Throat Lump Information and discussion concerning nonobstructive esophageal dysphagia or difficulty swallowing without actual narrowing or stricture of esophagus. http://www.diagnosishealth.com/swallowing.htm

Home Other Health Articles Health Discussions Disease Information Center Food Stuck Without Blockage in Esophagus vs Throat Lump About the author: Dr . Minocha is a practicing gastroenterologist and author of "Natural Stomach Care: Treating and Preventing Digestive Disorders with Best of Eastern and Western Therapies" Some patients complain that food "sticks", or "hangs up" or "stops" in esophagus. In others, it feels like going very slowly down through the esophagus. Frequently no narrowing or stricture of esophagus is found. This is referred to as non-obstructive esophageal dysphagia Distinction from Globus Swallowing problems related to nonobstructive esophageal dysphagia are different from globus sensation (lump in throat) which is described at the end Causes 1. Neuromuscular : Patients with nonobstructive esophageal dysphagia have some neuromuscular dysfunction involving the esophagus. Some of these have a well-defined motility disorder of esophagus, but no specific treatable abnormality is found in most of cases. 2. Acid Reflux or Heartburn

19. MedlinePlus Dysphagia dysphagia http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

20. Applying Food Science To Dysphagia: Part 1 Food texture is a very important component of dysphagia. Although food rheology has not been extensively applied to dysphagia in the past, http://www.dysphagia-diet.com/webtext1.htm

Applying Food Science To Dysphagia: I. Overview of Texture Don Tymchuck, MS, President Med-Diet Laboratories, Inc. Food texture is a very important component of dysphagia. However, determining, describing and delivering the proper texture of foods and liquids has been a major source of frustration for everyone involved with the patient. The concern for proper hydration, nourishment and patient gratification must be balanced by caution over aspiration and choking. Often these latter two concerns receive the most emphasis, making hydration, nourishment and patient gratification hard to achieve. Frequently the vocabulary used to describe the desired food texture is confusing or misunderstood. And the lack of standardization of the key food texture properties makes it difficult to communicate what the patients should have compared to what they actually get. How would you convey the properties of fresh bread vs. stale bread, or of canned peaches vs. fresh ripe peaches, without having the actual foods on hand? Most of us know it when we see it, but have difficulty adequately describing it to someone else. This is the dilemma faced daily by thousands of people who deal with dysphagia. Fortunately, food science has the tools to deal with this problem. Some food scientists are trained to analyze and measure food texture. These specialists, known as food rheologists, use instruments to objectively measure the many properties of a food that contribute to its texture. For instance, viscosity can be determined using devices, called viscometers, that employ standardized and measurable forces to give reproducible read outs.

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