61. Dysmenorrhea . More than half of all girls and women suffer from dysmenorrhea (cramps),......dysmenorrhea is the occurrance of painful cramps during menstruation. http://www.healthatoz.com/healthatoz/Atoz/ency/dysmenorrhea.jsp

62. Home TCM For Common Health Problems dysmenorrhea refers to cyclical abdominal pain which is experienced during or Conventional medicine uses the term primary dysmenorrhea for pelvic pain http://www.aaaom.org/HPDYSMEN.htm

63. Continuity Clinic Notebook: Dysmenorrhea dysmenorrhea. Reda Bassali, MD. Definition Difficult menstrual flow Primary dysmenorrhea. a. Starts 612 m after menarche http://www.mcg.edu/pediatrics/CCNotebook/chapter3/dysmenorrhea.htm

Medical College of Georgia Department of Pediatrics A-Z Index MCG Home Continuity Clinic Notebook: Chapter III. Adolescent Issues Chapter 3 Index A. General B. Skin C. ... Orthopedics D. Genitourinary: Hormonal Contraception for Adolescents Dysmenorrhea Reda Bassali, MD Definition: Difficult menstrual flow Classification: Primary (no uterine abnormality) and Secondary (uterine or ovarian abnormality): e.g. endometriosis, PID, polyps, ovarian cysts, pelvic adhesions. Pathogenesis: Prostaglandins the mediators; anovulatory cycles have less prostaglandins, and therefore, less dysmenorrhea. Symptoms: Pain: spasmodic, crampy, pain in lower abdomen that may radiate to back and thighs; starts with or after the beginning of menstrual flow and lasts 48-72 hours. Systemic symptoms: nausea, vomiting fatigue, nervousness, dizziness, and diarrhea and headaches. Physical Exam: Only need to do a speculum exam if sexually active, if atypical pain or if there is a poor response to therapy; in other words if secondary suspected. Primary Dysmenorrhea: a. Starts 6-12 m after menarche

64. Dysmenorrhea Primary dysmenorrhea without pathological physical findings; Secondary dysmenorrhea - pain occurring prior to or during menses, often more severe than http://www.5mcc.com/Assets/SUMMARY/TP0283.html

Dysmenorrhea DESCRIPTION: Pelvic pain occurring at or around the time of menses. Is a leading cause of absenteeism for women under age 30 Primary dysmenorrhea - without pathological physical findings Secondary dysmenorrhea - pain occurring prior to or during menses, often more severe than primary, having a secondary pathologic (structural) cause System(s) affected: Reproductive Genetics: Not well studied Incidence/Prevalence in USA: 40% of adult females have menstrual pain 10% are incapacitated for 1-3 days each month Predominant age: Primary - teens to early 20's Secondary - 20's to 30's Predominant sex: Female only CAUSES: Primary: Elevated production (2-7 times normal) of prostaglandins and other mediators in the uterus which produce uterine ischemia through: Platelet aggregation Vasoconstriction Dysrhythmic contractions with pressures higher than the systemic blood pressure Secondary: Congenital abnormalities of uterine or vaginal anatomy Cervical stenosis Pelvic infection Adenomyosis Endometriosis Pelvic tumors - especially leiomyomata Synonyms: Menstrual cramps ICD-9-CM: 625.3 Dysmenorrhea

65. American Family Physician: Dysmenorrhea Full text of the article, dysmenorrhea from American Family Physician, a publication in the field of Health Fitness, is provided free of charge by http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3225/is_2_71/ai_n9486470

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Advanced Search Home Help IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports 10,000,000 articles - not found on any other search engine. FindArticles American Family Physician Jan 15, 2005 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Related Searches Women / Health aspects Dysmenorrhea / Diagnosis Dysmenorrhea / Care and treatment Featured Titles for AAACN Viewpoint ABNF Journal, The AIDS Treatment News AMAA Journal ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Dysmenorrhea American Family Physician Jan 15, 2005 by Linda French Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Primary dysmenorrhea, which is defined as painful menses in women with normal pelvic anatomy, usually begins during adolescence. It is characterized by crampy pelvic pain beginning shortly before or at the onset of menses and lasting one to three days. Dysmenorrhea also may be secondary to pelvic organ pathology. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea is highest in adolescent women, with estimates ranging from 20 to 90 percent, depending on the measurement method used. (1-3) About 15 percent of adolescent girls report severe dysmenorrhea, (1,4) and it is the leading cause of recurrent short-term school absenteeism in adolescent girls in the United States. (2,5) A longitudinal study (6) of a representative cohort of Swedish women found a prevalence of dysmenorrhea of 90 percent in women 19 years of age and 67 percent in women 24 years of age. Ten percent of the 24-year-olds reported pain that interfered with daily function. Most adolescents self-medicate with over-the-counter medicines, and few consult a physician about dysmenorrhea. (1-3)

66. Townsend Letter For Doctors And Patients: Menstrual Cramps, ; An Alternative App dysmenorrhea is best classified as primary or secondary. In primary dysmenorrhea, painful menstrual cramps occur that have nothing to do with any physical http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0ISW/is_2002_April/ai_84211196

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Advanced Search Home Help IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports 10,000,000 articles - not found on any other search engine. FindArticles Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients April 2002 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Related Searches Dysmenorrhea / Alternative treatment Alternative medicine / Technique Diet in disease / Research Vitamins in human nutrition / Health aspects ... Medicine, Herbal / Products Featured Titles for AAACN Viewpoint ABNF Journal, The AIDS Treatment News AMAA Journal ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Menstrual Cramps, ; An alternative approach - Dysmenorrhea - Women's Health Update Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients April, 2002 by Tori Hudson Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it.

67. Dysmenorrhea How To Relieve Cramps These are PMS, which occurs prior to the onset of flow, and dysmenorrhea, Primary dysmenorrhea is unrelated to any underlying medical condition. http://www.uspharmacist.com/oldformat.asp?url=newlook/files/Cons/sep00cyp.cfm&pu

68. Beaumont Hospitals - Dysmenorrhea dysmenorrhea is a menstrual condition characterized by severe and frequent menstrual cramps and dysmenorrhea may be classified as primary or secondary. http://www.beaumonthospitals.com/pls/portal30/cportal30.webpage?l_recent=P01516

69. Contraception Online Slides - Dysmenorrhea, Adolescents, Adolescence, Noncontrac Symptoms of dysmenorrhea* may decrease with increasing age and childbirth, The functional impact imposed by severe dysmenorrhea was evident from school http://www.contraceptiononline.org/slides/slide01.cfm?q=dysmenorrhea

70. Dysmenorrhea: Health Topics: UI Health Care The term dysmenorrhea means pain with menstruation. The pain is usually dull or cramping and is felt About 10 percent of women have severe dysmenorrhea. http://www.uihealthcare.com/topics/womenshealth/wome3321.html

Health Topics Category Index Health Topics for Womens Health Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Gynecologic Oncology Program ... Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Send comments and questions to staff@uihealthcare.com University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa Dysmenorrhea The term dysmenorrhea means pain with menstruation. The pain is usually dull or cramping and is felt in the lower abdomen or back. The cramps come in waves caused by uterine contractions. The pain may last only a few hours, one day, or for the entire period. Cramping begins just before or at the onset of the menstrual flow. Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and frequent bowel movements with cramps. Dizziness, fainting, and paleness may also occur. About 10 percent of women have severe dysmenorrhea. These women may have partial or total disability during their periods. Menstrual pain is caused by the release of a hormone called prostaglandin. The hormone is responsible for the normal functions of the uterus during menstruation. Other muscles in the body release this same hormone when injured. Exercise does not increase a woman's risk for severe dysmenorrhea. In fact, exercise can reduce the discomforts caused by a woman's monthly period. Female athletes report less than normal pain with their periods. It is safe to exercise, train, and compete while having a period.

71. OBGYN.net: Women's Health - Dysmenorrhea (Painful Menstrual Cramps) OBGYN.net Women s Health Medical Conditons dysmenorrhea (Painful Menstrual Cramps) This page has moved in 5 seconds your browser will be automatically http://www.obgyn.net/women/conditions/hc-dysmeno.htm

OBGYN.net Women's Health Medical Conditons - Dysmenorrhea (Painful Menstrual Cramps) This page has moved in 5 seconds your browser will be automatically redirected to http://www.obgyn.net/conditions/conditions.asp please update your bookmarks.

72. OBGYN.net - "Influence Of Dysmenorrhea On Sympathetic Activity During Different OBGYN.net Medical Professionals page, contains daily news, events calendar, clinical information, and links to featured sections, articles, http://www.obgyn.net/displayppt.asp?page=/english/pubs/features/presentations/ba

73. Dysmenorrhea dysmenorrhea (DISmen-o-REE-ah) is the medical term for menstrual cramps. There are two types of dysmenorrhea primary dysmenorrhea and secondary http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/0100/0101.asp?index=4148&

74. Dysmenorrhea Types of dysmenorrhea There are two types of dysmenorrhea primary and Primary dysmenorrhea is severe, disabling cramps without underlying illness. http://ww3.komotv.com/global/story.asp?s=1230081

75. Dysmenorrhea- Health Encyclopedia And Reference dysmenorrhea Symptoms, Treatments and Medications. http://www.healthcentral.com/encyclopedia/408/80/Dysmenorrhea.html

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76. UpToDate Primary Dysmenorrhea In Adults For clinical purposes, dysmenorrhea is divided into two broad categories primary and Primary dysmenorrhea refers to the presence of recurrent, crampy, http://patients.uptodate.com/topic.asp?file=gen_gyne/7414

77. UpToDate Primary Dysmenorrhea In Adolescents INTRODUCTION — Primary dysmenorrhea refers to recurrent, crampy lower abdominal Secondary dysmenorrhea refers to painful menstruation in the presence of http://patients.uptodate.com/topic.asp?file=pediendo/6967

78. Toys In Babeland - Dysmenorrhea Painful menstruation, which may include headaches, backaches, bloating and cramping. http://www.babeland.com/sexinfo/glossary/dysmenorrhea

@import url(http://www.babeland.com/BabelandBlue.css); Skip to content. Babeland Stores How To ... glossary order online or by phone Dysmenorrhea Painful menstruation, which may include headaches, backaches, bloating and cramping. Dysmenorrhea Painful menstruation, which may include headaches, backaches, bloating and cramping. Sometimes a symptom of endometriosis Created by webmaster Last modified 2005-06-21 12:52 AM shop for toys sex info events about us ... rss Unauthorized use of these materials is prohibited. Search Shop What's New Vibrators Dildos Harnesses ... newsletter Zagat Survey Best Shopping Experience Sign up for our bi-monthly newsletter! Enter your email address below Order by Phone Zagat Survey Best Shopping Experience

79. Dysmenorrhea Delicious Living Magazine s Website provides news, answers and information regarding natural and alternative health and integrative medicine, with detailed http://www.deliciouslivingmag.com/healthnotes/healthnotes.cfm?org=nh&lang=EN&Con

80. Dysmenorrhea Aimed at women and produced by the Health Education Board for Scotland (HEBS). Patient Education Handout Publication Type; dysmenorrhea; http://omni.ac.uk/browse/mesh/D004412.html

low graphics Dysmenorrhea broader: Pelvic Pain Period pains : a self-help guide This leaflet explains the causes of period pain or dysmenorrhoea, and what can be done to prevent it in the short and long term. Aimed at women and produced by the Health Education Board for Scotland (HEBS). Patient Education Handout [Publication Type] Dysmenorrhea Painful periods (dysmenorrhoea) This brief patient information leaflet (PIL) on dysmenorrhoea is published here by PRODIGY (Prescribing RatiOnally with Decision-support In General-practice studY), which is based at the Sowerby Centre for Health Informatics, University of Newcastle and funded by the NHS Executive. It explains the causes, symptoms, and treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea (period pain not due to an underlying disease), and how this differs from secondary dysmenorrhoea (period pain due to an underlying cause). Patient Education Handout [Publication Type] Dysmenorrhea Prodigy guidance : dysmenorrhoea This clinical guidance on the management of primary dysmenorrhoea is produced and made available by Prodigy. Prodigy is a project that aims to support GPs during a patient consultation, and is funded by the Department of Health (DoH) and developed by the Sowerby Centre for Health Informatics at Newcastle (SCHIN). This guidance was last revised during February 2003 and is due for review in 2006. Practice Guideline [Publication Type] Dysmenorrhea Prodigy quick reference guide : dysmenorrhoea This quick reference guide summarises the key management options, supporting information and prescription details for dysmenorrhoea. Issued in June 2005 by PRODIGY (Prescribing RatiOnally with Decision-support In General-practice studY), which is based at the Sowerby Centre for Health Informatics, University of Newcastle and funded by the NHS Executive. The guide is in PDF requiring Adobe Acrobat Reader.

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