61. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis Dysregulation In Depersonalization Disorder Nine subjects with DSMIV depersonalization disorder (DPD) without lifetime PTSD or current major depression and nine healthy comparison (HC) subjects http://www.nature.com/npp/journal/v25/n5/full/1395731a.html

@import "/npp/style.css"; SEARCH Advanced search Journal home Current Issue Advance Online Publication ... Keyword index For authors Editorial Board Instructions for authors Aims and scope Indexed in ... Online Submission Customer Services Subscription information Journal prices Order sample issue Purchase articles, ... Contact NPG Brief Report Neuropsychopharmacology Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis Dysregulation in Depersonalization Disorder Daphne Simeon MD, Orna Guralnik Psy.D, Margaret Knutelska MA, Eric Hollander MD and James Schmeidler Ph.D Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY USA Correspondence: Dr Daphne Simeon, Psychiatry Box 1229, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York NY 10029, Tel.: 212-241-7477, Fax: 212-427-6929, E-mail: daphne.simeon@mssm.edu ABSTRACT Background: The purpose of this preliminary study was to investigate HPA axis function in dissociation. Methods: Nine subjects with DSM-IV depersonalization disorder (DPD), without lifetime Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) or current major depression, were compared to nine healthy comparison (HC) subjects of comparable age and gender. Results: DPD subjects demonstrated significant hyposuppression to low-dose dexamethasone administration and significantly elevated morning plasma cortisol levels when covaried for depression scores, but no difference in 24-hour urinary cortisol excretion. Dissociation scores powerfully predicted suppression whereas depression scores did not contribute to the prediction. Conclusions: Primary dissociative conditions, such as depersonalization disorder, may be associated with a pattern of HPA axis dysregulation that differs from PTSD and merits further study.

62. Dissociative Disorders From DSMIV 300.6 depersonalization disorder. A. Persistent or recurrent experiences of feeling detached from, and as if one is an outside observer of, one s mental http://hometown.aol.com/boyym/DSM.html

htmlAdWH('93212823', '728', '90'); Main Other Support Dissociative Disorders from DSMIV 300.12 Dissociative Amnesia (formerly Psychogenic Amnesia) A. The predominant disturbance is one or more episodes of inability to recall important personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness. B. The disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of Dissociative Identity Disorder, Dissociative Fugue, Post traumatic Stress Disorder, Acute Stress Disorder, or Somatization Disorder and is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a neurological or other general medical condition (e.g., Amnestic Disorder Due to Head Trauma). C. The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. 300.13 Dissociative Fugue (formerly Psychogenic Fugue) A. The predominant disturbance is sudden, unexpected travel away from home or one's customary place of work, with inability to recall one's past. B. Confusion about personal identity or assumption of a new identity (partial or complete).

63. IPsychotherapist - Psychiatric And Illnesses Resources Directory - Depersonaliza depersonalization disorder Information, tips, articles, and direct links to other highly recommended resources. http://www.ipsychotherapist.com/PsychResources/40_Depersonalization_Disorder.sht

The iPsychotherapist Resources Directories: HOME PAGE PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESSES DIRECTORY CLINICAL RESOURCES DIRECTORY PSYCHOTHERAPISTS DIRECTORY Search the Web Site Search Index Dissociative Disorders : Depersonalization Disorder Links: Index Page New Links Editor Picks Hot Links ... Modify a Link Powered By: Hot Links SQL 2

64. MPD And Dissociative Disorders depersonalization disorder. Depersonalization feelings may occur as a symptom Depersonalization is only considered to be a diagnosable disorder when it http://www.traumahelp.org/mpd_and_dissociative_disorders.htm

MPD and DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS Fr J Mahoney (This was written before DSM IV and the name change to "DID" and was used to orient hospital personnel to the Dissociative Disorders) THE PROCESS OF DISSOCIATION Dissociation can be described as a common process of psychologically "separating" from some aspect of a human experience. Behavior, affect, sensations, or knowledge of the event can be "distanced" during the actual experience. Dissociation may be experienced when performing a well-known task (such as driving a familiar route) or going through an emotional trauma (such as feeling "numbed" when confronted by tragedy.) Dissociative Disorders occur when the process of dissociation is chronic or severe enough to interfere with a person's ability to live their life. When a person's consciousness, sense of identity, or behavior are found to be seriously disrupted, they may be entering the range of the continuum of dissociation where a disorder is present. THE DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM III-R) lists 4 Dissociative Disorders: (1) psychogenic amnesia; (2) psychogenic fugue; (3) depersonalization disorder: and (4) multiple personality. In addition, there is a catch-all category covering atypical dissociative presentations.

65. Diagnosing Dissociative Disorders d) depersonalization disorder . e) dissociative disorder not otherwise specified depersonalization disorder. This is scored by DSMIV rules. http://www.rossinst.com/dddquest.htm

Like all psychiatric disorders, the gold standard for diagnosing trauma-related disorders is the clinical interview. Throughout psychiatry, standarized methods of history taking are also employed for systematic clinical assessment and research - these are called structured interviews. In the trauma field there are several structured interviews in use, including the Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule (DDIS), developed by Dr. Ross. Data from the DDIS appear in many of the scientific papers listed under Publications on this web site. The full text and scoring rules of the DDIS appear below. Clinical diagnoses should not be made using the DDIS alone. The DDIS should not be used for making clinical or research diagnoses by persons who are not mental health professionals or who are not acting under the supervision or in consultation with qualified mental health professionals. The DDIS has been placed on this web site as an educational service only. The Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule - DSM-IV Version The Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule (DDIS) is a highly structured interview which makes DSM-IV diagnoses of somatization disorder, borderline personality disorder and major depressive disorder, as well as all the dissociative disorders. It inquires about positive symptoms of schizophrenia, secondary features of DID, extrasensory experiences, substance abuse and other items relevant to the dissociative disorders.

66. Depersonalization Disorder? Or Something Physical? What Should I Do? Patient medical question and answer from The Mental Health Forum. Health topic area and articles about misc. Topics ,anxiety. http://www.medhelp.org/forums/mentalhealth/messages/32847.html

Questions in The Mental Health Forum are currently being answered by Roger L. Gould, M.D., affiliated with U.C.L.A., and author of the Mastering Stress and Depression program. depersonalization disorder? or something physical? what should I do? Forum: The Mental Health Forum Topic: Misc. Subject: depersonalization disorder? or something physical? what should I do? From To Post sdsd fever. I'm concerned that I might have depersonalization disorder or a physical problem with my brain. I don't have health insurance right now and can't afford a doctor...can you please provide any help or any answers? I just don't know what to do about it. Thanks for your help in advance. Forum-M.D.-RG sdsd What you are suffering from is a form of anxiety and you can several different kinds of help with this, including talk therapy and medication for anxiety. If you don't have insurance you might be eligible to get help at a community clinic so try your nearest university hosptial or community mental health center. You can always ask your family doctor to prescribe some anti-anxiety medications as a short term solution. anxietyridden I understand your problem all to well.

67. Past Forward: Depersonalization Disorder (Mental Body Imbalance) If you found this page, you already know you have depersonalization disorder. Here is why = http://www.healpastlives.com/pastlf/karmdict/kdepersn.htm

KARMIC DICTIONARY: Mind's Karmic Signals Depersonalization Disorder (Mental Body Imbalance) To Make an Appointment for a Session, click here! For Quick Access: [For How We Can Help] Short Description Causes Symptoms ... Case History Short Description: Depersonalization Disorder: (Mental Body Imbalance) In Depersonalization Disorder, an advanced Soul incarnates into physical body where the mental component of the inner energy bodies is "detached" from the all the other bodies. This enables the advanced Soul to break down disempowering thought patterns "inherited" from many past lifetimes. Causes: Those who contract Depersonalization Disorder are very old Souls with unusually strong mental energies. These energies are so strong as to be resistant to the normal evolutionary processes of karma and reincarnation. In other words, these Souls will reincarnate time and again only to run into the same blocks to their spiritual progress thrown up by their overmastering minds. Contracting this disorder becomes a "last ditch" effort by the old Soul to overcome "their mental blocks". So they agree to being largely detached from their mental body in the lifetime of depersonalization to effect real spiritual change and growth.

68. Depersonalization Disorder - St. Joseph Mercy, Ann Arbor Michigan depersonalization disorder St. Joseph Mercy Health System Hospitals serving Ann Arbor, SE Michigan, Washtenaw County, Livingston County, Wayne County, http://www.sjmercyhealth.org/13367.cfm

@import url(default.css); Online Health Information Health Information - Rare Diseases and Disorders Back to Health Library Print This Page Email to a Friend National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. Depersonalization Disorder Synonyms Disorder Subdivisions General Discussion Resources ... For a Complete Report Important It is possible that the main title of the report Depersonalization Disorder is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and disorder subdivision(s) covered by this report. Synonyms Depersonalization Neurosis Disorder Subdivisions None General Discussion Depersonalization disorder is a psychiatric disorder affecting emotions and behavior. It is characterized by an alteration in how an affected individual perceives or experiences his or her unique sense of self. The usual sense of one's own reality is temporarily lost or changed. A feeling of detachment from, or being an outside observer of, one's mental processes or body occurs such as the sensation of being in a dream. Resources National Mental Health Consumers' Self-Help Clearinghouse 1211 Chestnut Street Suite 1207 Philadelphia, PA 19107-6312

69. BrainPhysics: OC Spectrum Disorders depersonalization disorder Listed in the DSMIV-TR as a disassociative depersonalization disorder frequently occurs during other disorders such as http://www.brainphysics.com/spectrum.php

Psychotherapy Discussion Board About OCD Feature: HOCD ... Support this Site Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders There are many other disorders that have qualities involving repetitive thoughts and behaviors, akin to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). These disorders are sometimes called as Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (OC Spectrum Disorders) because of these similarities. Not only that, but some experts believe that these disorders may all have similar underlying neurobiological causes as OCD. Neuroimaging studies taken of the brain show similar activity between OCD and certain OC spectrum disorders. As well as having similarities to OCD, OC Spectrum Disorders are also very comorbid with OCD and vice versa. OC Spectrum Disorders Tourette's Disorder (also known as Tourette's Syndrome): A tic disorder that appears before the age of 18. Symptoms consist of multiple motor tic (such as twitching for no reason) and vocal tics (such as swearing for no reason) that occur, although not necessarily at the same time. Tics are recurrent physical movements or vocalizations with no apparent cause. Many studies have reported OCD symptoms in 50 per cent of Tourette's disorder sufferers, with some studies showing rates as high as 74 per cent. Studies have shown that 6 per cent of OCD sufferers have Tourette's Disorder, with as many as 35 percent having some symptoms. Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Trichotillimania: Classified as an Impulse Control Disorder. People with Trichotillimania cannot stop themselves from pulling hair from their body, which results in noticeable hair loss. People with trichotillimaia will pull hair from any part of their body, but the most common pulling takes place with scalp hair, with eyebrow and eyelash pulling also being very common. Some people will pull hair from numerous parts of their body and some people from only one part. The hair pulling is often described as a compulsion that is disturbing to the person, much in the same way as someone suffering from OCD being distressed by a compulsion.

70. DragonPack.Com® Mental Health Pages: Dissociation And Dissociative Disorders depersonalization disorder is the diagnosis given to people who repeatedly experience a change or loss of their reality so extreme that it impairs their http://www.dragonpack.com/mentalhealth/dissociation/index.shtml

We subscribe to the HONcode Principles WebMaster eMail Arrived Through Search? front door Arrived Through Webring? Dissociation and Dissociative Disorders Dissociation can be summed up with the word disconnection. The disconnection can be mental, emotional, or physical and it can be a separation from feelings, current experiences, past experiences, actions, and so on. The disconnection can be partial or complete, therefore, most professionals believe that dissociation exists on a continuum ranging from normal and mild, as in daydreaming, to abnormal and extreme, as in multiplicity. At the most extreme end of that continuum, disconnecting from the self or circumstances can help one survive an actual or perceivably unlivable situation and/or get in the way of their ability to function in day-to-day life. Dissociative Disorders Dissociative Identity Disorder (Multiple Personality) Dissociative Amnesia Dissociative Fugue Depersonalization Disorder ... Dissociative Disorder Not Otherwise Specified There is no medication for dissociation, although some symptoms of dissociation can be successfully reduced or eliminated by various medications if deemed necessary, prescribed, and monitored by a qualified professional. There is much debate about preferred methods of treatment for the dissociative disorders themselves (especially Dissociative Identity Disorder) within the professional community. Most professionals seem to agree, however, that the ultimate goal of treatment for dissociatives whose levels of disconnection fall outside the realm of normalcy is to greatly reduce their tendencies to dissociate.

71. Genesis Health System - Detailed Disease Info - Dissociative Disorders depersonalization disorder is a disturbance in which the patient s primary depersonalization disorder, DDNOS, and DID are usually chronic conditions. http://www.genesishealth.com/micromedex/detaileddisease/00045600.aspx

Advanced Search About Us Contact Us FAQs Dissociative disorders Definition The dissociative disorders are a group of mental disorders that were first classified separately in the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-III ) in 1980. DSM-IV (1994) defines the distinctive feature of dissociation as "... a disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment." All dissociative disorders are defined as causing significant interference with the patient's general functioning, including social relationships and employment. Description In order to have a clear picture of these disorders, the reader should first understand dissociation. Dissociation is a mechanism that allows the mind to separate or compartmentalize certain memories or thoughts from normal consciousness. These split-off mental contents are not erased. They may resurface spontaneously or be triggered by objects or events in the person's environment. Dissociation is a process that occurs along a spectrum of severity. It does not necessarily mean that a person has a dissociative disorder or other mental illness. A mild degree of dissociation occurs with some physical stressors; people who have gone without sleep for a long period of time, have had "laughing gas" for dental surgery, or have been in a minor accident often have brief dissociative experiences. Another commonplace example of dissociation is a person becoming involved in a book or movie so completely that the surroundings or the passage of time are not noticed. Another example might be driving on the highway and taking several exits without noticing or remembering. Dissociation is related to

72. Log In Problems Patients with depersonalization disorder experience episodes in which they have depersonalization disorder cannot be diagnosed if it is part of another http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/468728

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73. Alt.support.dissociation FAQ 2/4 2.2.3 depersonalization disorder depersonalization disorder is either a persistent or recurring depersonalization disorder is caused by severe stress; http://www.faqs.org/faqs/dissoc-faq/part2/

alt.support.dissociation FAQ 2/4 There are reader questions on this topic! Help others by sharing your knowledge From: tina@tezcat.com (Discord) Newsgroups: alt.support.dissociation alt.abuse.recovery alt.sexual.abuse.recovery alt.support.personality ... http://www.issd.org/ Rate this FAQ N/A Worst Weak OK Good Great Related questions and answers Usenet FAQs Search Web FAQs ... RFC Index Send corrections/additions to the FAQ Maintainer: tina@tezcat.com (Discord) Last Update June 15 2004 @ 00:24 AM

74. Diagnoses Associated With Self-injury depersonalization disorder. Depersonalization is a variety of dissociation A diagnosis of depersonalization disorder is made when a client suffers from http://www.palace.net/~llama/psych/diag.html

Diagnoses associated with self-injury In the DSM-IV, the only diagnoses that mention self-injury as a symptom or criterion for diagnosis are borderline personality disorder, stereotypic movement disorder (associated with autism and mental retardation), and factitious (faked) disorders in which an attempt to fake physical illness is present (APA, 1995; Fauman, 1994). It also seems to be generally accepted that extreme forms of self-mutilation (amputations, castrations, etc) are possible in psychotic or delusional patients. Reading the DSM, one can easily get the impression that people who self-injure are doing it willfully, in order to fake illness or be dramatic. Another indication of how the therapeutic community views those who harm themselves is seen in the opening sentence of Malon and Berardi's 1987 paper "Hypnosis and Self-Cutters": Since self-cutters were first reported on in 1960, they have continued to be a prevalent mental health problem. (emphasis added) To these researchers, self-cutting is not the problem, the self-cutters are. However, self-injurious behavior is seen in patients with many more diagnoses than the DSM suggests. In interviews, people who engage in repetitive self-injury have reported being diagnosed with depression, bipolar disorder, anorexia, bulimia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, many of the dissociative disorders (including depersonalization disorder, dissociative disorder not otherwise specified, and MPD/DID), anxiety and panic disorders, and impulse-control disorder not otherwise specified. In addition, the call for a separate diagnosis for self-injurers is being taken up by many practitioners.

75. Disorders.htm depersonalization disorder Some information on treatments. Mental Health Net depersonalization disorder Symptoms Dissociative Amnesia http://www.fidnet.com/~weid/disorders.htm

PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS: Click on a category for information. Back to Weid's Psychlinks page ADDICTION DISORDERS IMPULSE CONTROL DISORDERS ANXIETY DISORDERS ... STRESS Can't find it from what's given? Try these: Search Engines Links to Mental Health Sources Search Engines The PsychCrawler Search Engine Cyberpsych : If it is in this field, you will find some information here. ShakeyNet: Your Mental Health Resource on the Web : An easy to read site of various links and information. Online Dictionary of Mental Health : Has a little of everything. Coping with Mental Illness Coping links and Coping With A Major Mental Illness Rights of Mentally Ill Individuals BACK TO TOP LINKS: You can start here. Mental Health Resources - From The Mining Company : A good place to search Psychological Problems : You can find all types of information here. Mental Health Net - Mental Disorders Index : This place has everything. Online Psych : Incredible site with links to EVERYTHING! : Thi site is designed to provide links to the most pertinent Web sites on the net related to psychology. Information for both public and professional consumption is available. Information on Specific Mental Disorders, Their Diagnosis and Treatment"

76. Journal Of Clinical Psychopharmacology - Fulltext Volume 25(3 Abstract depersonalization disorder (DPD) remains one of the few disorders depersonalization disorder is a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental http://www.psychopharmacology.com/pt/re/jclnpsychopharm/fulltext.00004714-200506

77. Journal Of Clinical Psychopharmacology - Abstract Volume 25(3 colon; depersonalization disorder (DPD) remains one of the few disorders in modern depersonalization disorder is a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of http://www.psychopharmacology.com/pt/re/jclnpsychopharm/abstract.00004714-200506

78. Insight Into Dissociative Disorders “As for dissociative disorder, depersonalization disorder, and dissociative identity disorder, there is quite a distance between these three. http://bipolar.about.com/od/relateddisorders/a/dissociative.htm

var zLb=0; zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a27' About Bipolar Disorder Related Disorders Insight into Dissociative Disorders Bipolar Disorder Essentials What Is Bipolar Disorder? What Causes Bipolar Disorder? ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Bipolar Disorder newsletter! See Online Courses Search Bipolar Disorder Stay up to date! Compare Prices Email to a friend ... Print this page Most Popular Red Flags to Bipolar Disorder Mania Warning Signs Bipolar Celebrities SSRI Discontinuation 1 ... Axl Rose What's Hot What? ME? I'm Bipolar? Service Dogs BuSpar Side Effects Going off Meds, Part 1 ... Lithium History / How It Works adunitCM(150,100,'x55') Insight into Dissociative Disorders From Your Guide to Bipolar Disorder FREE Newsletter. Sign Up Now! The essential feature of the Dissociative Disorders is a disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. The disturbance may be sudden or gradual, transient or chronic. The disorders are: Dissociative Amnesia (formerly known as Psychogenic Amnesia) Dissociative Fugue Dissociative Identity Disorder (formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder) Depersonalization Disorder Dissociative Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) “The term dissociative disorder is generally used when the client or patient has symptoms for the disorder, but does not meet the criteria for a specific disorder. So, that is why it is stated as "just" Dissociative Disorder.

79. Ask The Expert The mean age at onset of depersonalization disorder was 16.1 years (SD = 5.2). The illness had a chronic course that was usually continuous but sometimes http://www.mhsource.com/expert/exp1041502b.html

Select One Contact CME? Order? Register? Place an Ad? Print Pages? More... ADD/ADHD Alcoholism Alzheimer's Anorexia Anxiety Bipolar Disorder Borderline Bulimia Children Compulsive Dementia Depression Dissociation Drug Abuse Eating Disorders Fear Forgetfulness Hyperactivity Mania Manic-Dep Mood Disorder Narcissistic Neurology Obsessive OCD Panic Paraphilias Phobia Personality Psychosis PTSD Schizophrenia Seasonal Mood Sexual Issues Social Phobia Suicidal Tic Disorders Violence Dissociative States Q. Somato-dissociative states are well-known. However, if one experiences an "out-of-body" state for weeks, is that considered to be a more serious condition? How do clinicians measure the seriousness of dissociative states? A. What you are describing is usually termed a depersonalization experience. Depersonalization experiences appear to be quite common; e.g., about half of all adults may have experienced a single, brief episode, usually under extreme stress or danger. (In younger populations, transient depersonalization experiences may be associated with substance abuse or intoxication). These transient states (lasting minutes, hours, or perhaps a day or two) do not necessarily indicate a psychiatric disorder. However, when depersonalization becomes persistent or recurrent, is accompanied by significant distress or impairment in function; and is not due to some other psychiatric or medical disorder, we usually diagnose Depersonalization Disorder (DD). This may involve "...a persistent or recurrent...feeling of detachment or estrangement from one's self...the individual may feel like an automaton or...[like]...an outside observer of one's mental processes, one's body, or parts of one's body." (DSM-IV).

80. Clinical Consult In Depression - October 2004 No treatment guidelines for the treatment of depersonalization disorder exist, depersonalization disorder is not an uncommon disorder (Simeon et al., http://www.mhsource.com/depconsult/oct2004.html

Clinical Consult in Depression Questions and Answers October, 2004 by Rakesh Jain, M.D. Q. What criteria do you use to determine if a patient who has been disabled by a major depressive disorder is ready to return to work? A. Major depression and disability tend to go hand-in-hand, as evidenced by the fact that depression is the world's 4th leading cause of human disability and, in 16 years, is expected to climb to No. 2 (Murray and Lopez, 1996). Because of two issues germane to major depression-its very high prevalence rates (Kessler et al., 2003) and the disability it causes (Simon et al., 2001)-physicians are frequently faced with the vexing question of when is a patient ready to return to work. There are usually three overarching questions a physician should pose to begin such an evaluation: Is the patient at such a point in recovery that there is a good likelihood of success at work? Is the patient's mental health currently such that they can endure the usual stress of work? Is the patient likely to function adequately at work (and is there a supportive work environment)? The answers to the above three questions should all be yes. Two more questions should be posed next. The answers to both should be no in order to proceed with a return-to-work evaluation.

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