1. Cholesteatoma: A Serious Ear Condition Public service brochure including causes, symptoms and treatment. http://www.sinuscarecenter.com/choleaao.html

Cholesteatoma: A Serious Ear Condition This brochure is a copy of an American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Public Service Brochure. This site maintainted by Peter J. Casano, M.D., What Is a Cholesteatoma? A cholesteatoma is a skin growth that occurs in an abnormal location, the middle ear behind the eardrum. It is usually due to repeated infection, which causes an ingrowth of the skin of the eardrum. Cholesteatomas often take the form of a cyst or pouch that sheds layers of old skin that builds up inside the ear. Over time, the cholesteatoma can increase in size and destroy the surrounding delicate bones of the middle ear. Hearing loss, dizziness, and facial muscle paralysis are rare but can result from continued cholesteatoma growth. How Does It Occur? A cholesteatoma usually occurs because of poor eustachian tube function as well as infection in the middle ear. The eustachian tube conveys air from the back of the nose into the middle ear to equalize ear pressure ("clear the ears"). When the eustachian tubes work poorly perhaps due to allergy, a cold or sinusitis, the air in the middle ear is absorbed by the body, and a partial vacuum results in the ear. The vacuum pressure sucks in a pouch or sac by stretching the eardrum, especially areas weakened by previous infections. This sac often becomes a cholesteatoma. A rare congenital form of cholesteatoma (one present at birth) can occur in the middle ear and elsewhere, such as in the nearby skull bones. However, the type of cholesteatoma associated with ear infections is most common.

2. Ear Surgery Information Center-Cholesteatoma Symptoms of cholesteatoma include hearing loss and recurring discharge from The CAT scan will guide the ear surgeon as to how far the cholesteatoma has http://www.earsurgery.org/cholest.html

Ear Surgery Information Center CHOLESTEATOMA by Mark J. Levenson, MD, FACS Cholesteatoma Mastoid Tympano mastoidectomy Congenital cholesteatoma A perforation of the ear drum will generally heal without surgery. In some cases, however, instead of normally healing, the skin of the ear drum can grow through the hole into the middle ear. If infection is present, the skin will continue to grow into the middle ear and will become a tumor of the ear termed a cholesteatoma. Cholesteatomas are NOT a form of cancer. They are benign tumors. As they grow, they can look like an onion peel of white skin formed into a ball. They can destroy the bones of hearing as they grow, especially when the ear is infected or if water gets into the middle ear with other infections. Symptoms of cholesteatoma include hearing loss and recurring discharge from the ear. Pus or unpleasant smelling fluids coming from the ear are common. A surgical microscope is necessary to make a proper inspection and cleansing of the condition, especially when there is infection. A history of recurring ear infections after colds, or the entrance of water into the ear from swimming, require the ear to be examined regularly for this condition.

3. Cholesteatoma A Serious Ear Condition cholesteatoma A Serious Ear Condition http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

4. Ear Surgery Information Center-Cholesteatoma Surgery The cholesteatoma is completely removed microscopically. If a regrowth ofcholesteatoma is found, the tumor is again removed and reconstruction may be http://www.earsurgery.org/surgcho.html

Ear Surgery Information Center THE SURGERY Some cholesteatomas which are very small can be removed through the ear canal. Most cholesteatomas require that an incision be made behind the ear to expose the tumor adequately. The cholesteatoma is completely removed microscopically. Hearing reconstruction is often delayed because it is necessary to rebuild the bones of hearing at a future date. In more extensive cholesteatomas, the tumor may have eroded through the bony wall which separates the middle ear from the mastoid. This may require a more radical operation, removing the wall separating the middle ear from the mastoid. The result is a so-called open cavity which requires life-long follow-up. In the past, ear surgeons believed that this operation had to be performed in ALL cholesteatomas involving the mastoid. However, today, most ear surgeons agree that the open cavity, or radical mastoid operation should be reserved for only the most invasive and destructive cholesteatomas. In less extensive cholesteatomas, especially when infection is well controlled before surgery, an intact canal wall operation is the favored procedure. This operation preserves the wall between the middle ear and mastoid. The principal advantages of the intact canal wall operation are a more normal canal and ear drum, and a greater possibility of hearing restoration. In addition, most patients with the intact canal wall operation can allow water in the ear.

5. Defeating Deafness : Hearing Research Trust : Defeating Deafness, The Medical Ch Defeating Deafness tinnitus, glue ear, hearing aids, cochlear implants, cholesteatoma, presbyacusis, otosclerosis http://www.defeatingdeafness.org/

@import url(styles/ddnew.css); ask a question glossary site map links ... It's good to talk For all your questions about deafness and hearing loss, call our Freephone information line: Did you know? Around 1.1 million people are exposed to potentially damaging noise levels in the workplace. Help defeat deafness There are many different ways you can help us in our work. Keep up to date Subscribe to our free email newsletter for the latest news from Defeating Deafness and the world of hearing research. Donate Frequently asked questions Are there any treatments for tinnitus? What is glue ear? ... What causes age-related hearing loss? Print this page Email this page to a friend Text-only version PRESS RELEASE Ear-o-pain Many of us will be taking to the skies this month for our annual break. But painful ears during landing can mean a far from happy start to the holidays. To make flying less stressful this summer, we're able to offer some good advice. CURRENT PROJECTS News from our research teams To date, Defeating Deafness, which is supported entirely by voluntary contributions, has awarded over £6 million in research grants. Our current research projects offer the prospect of radical improvements in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of all forms of hearing impairment. [Photo ©Widex] NEWS Crucial gene for inner ear development revealed Defeating Deafness researcher Professor Karen Steel, working with an international team, has established one of the genes responsible for the development of the sensory regions in the inner ear - a discovery that could ultimately lead to a treatment for deafness.

6. Ear Surgery Information Center-Cholesteatoma cholesteatoma Mastoid Tympano mastoidectomy Congenital cholesteatoma. A perforation of the ear drum will generally heal without surgery. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. Cholesteatoma A cholesteatoma is a skin growth that occurs in an abnormal location, the middleear behind the eardrum. It is usually due to repeated infection, http://www.entnet.org/healthinfo/ears/cholesteatoma.cfm

ENT LINK ENT Health Information Ears Cholesteatoma Cholesteatoma What Is A Cholesteatoma? A cholesteatoma is a skin growth that occurs in an abnormal location, the middle ear behind the eardrum. It is usually due to repeated infection, which causes an ingrowth of the skin of the eardrum. Cholesteatomas often take the form of a cyst or pouch that sheds layers of old skin that builds up inside the ear. Over time, the cholesteatoma can increase in size and destroy the surrounding delicate bones of the middle ear. Hearing loss, dizziness, and facial muscle paralysis are rare but can result from continued cholesteatoma growth. Causes Of Cholesteatoma A cholesteatoma usually occurs because of poor eustachian tube function as well as infection in the middle ear. The eustachian tube conveys air from the back of the nose into the middle ear to equalize ear pressure ("clear the ears"). When the eustachian tubes work poorly perhaps due to allergy, a cold or sinusitis, the air in the middle ear is absorbed by the body, and a partial vacuum results in the ear. The vacuum pressure sucks in a pouch or sac by stretching the eardrum, especially areas weakened by previous infections. This sac often becomes a cholesteatoma. A rare congenital form of cholesteatoma (one present at birth) can occur in the middle ear and elsewhere, such as in the nearby skull bones. However, the type of cholesteatoma associated with ear infections is most common. Cholesteatoma Symptoms Initially, the ear may drain, sometimes with a foul odor. As the cholesteatoma pouch or sac enlarges, it can cause a full feeling or pressure in the ear, along with hearing loss. (An ache behind or in the ear, especially at night, may cause significant discomfort.) Dizziness, or muscle weakness on one side of the face (the side of the infected ear) can also occur. Any, or all, of these symptoms are good reasons to seek medical evaluation.

8. Cholesteatoma The initial signs of a cholesteatoma are drainage from the ear canal cholesteatoma A cholesteatoma can form in the middle ear in three http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. Www.entnet.org/cholesteatoma.html http://www.entnet.org/cholesteatoma.html

10. Cholesteatoma A cholesteatoma is a skin growth that occurs in an abnormal location, the middle ear behind the eardrum. It is usually due to repeated infection http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. Cholesteatoma The initial signs of a cholesteatoma are drainage from the ear canal and A cholesteatoma is a benign growth of skin in an abnormal location such as the http://www.earsite.com/tumors/cholesteatoma.html

Cholesteatoma The initial signs of a cholesteatoma are drainage from the ear canal and hearing loss. A cholesteatoma is a benign growth of skin in an abnormal location such as the middle ear or petrous apex. The latter is an area of bone located deep to the inner ear. Normally, squamous epithelium or skin lines the entire ear canal and the outer surface of the eardrum. The outermost layer of skin is actually composed of dead cells which are constantly being sloughed off and expelled with earwax. A major component of these dead cells is a protein called keratin. Normal Cholesteatoma The problem occurs when the dead cells accumulate in the middle ear and can not be expelled. Typically an infection occurs with intermittent drainage from the ear. As this ball of dead cells acumulates it produces enzymes which cause the destruction of bone. Complications from untreated cholesteatoma Erosion of the ossicles or bones behind the eardrum can lead to a conductive hearing loss. The bone over the facial nerve can also be destroyed and a facial paralysis can result. The inner ear is composed of a bony labyrinth which can also be partially destroyed. This can lead to a sensorineural hearing loss and dizziness. The infection can also spread into the veins carrying blood from the brain to the heart. This large vein called the lateral venous sinus can obstruct and cause excessive fluid to accumulate within and around the brain leading to a condition called hydrocephalus. The infection can also spread to the covering of the brain and cause meningitis. In rare circumstances, a brain abscess can result.

12. Cholesteatoma A Serious Ear Condition What is a cholesteatoma? A cholesteatoma is a skin growth that occurs in an abnormal location, the middle ear behind the eardrum. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

13. Procedure Two cholesteatoma. As the eustachian tube becomes dysfunctional, negative pressureis generated in the middle ear and the eardrum starts to retract inward. http://www.earsite.com/tumors/procedure_two.html

Cholesteatoma As the eustachian tube becomes dysfunctional, negative pressure is generated in the middle ear and the eardrum starts to retract inward. An accumulation of dead skin within a retracted pocket of the eardrum can erode adjacent bone and lead to a draining ear and hearing loss. Back To Cholestatoma Home

14. Cholesteatoma cholesteatoma links dedicated to informing patients, students, and hearing healthcare providers. Contains summary of each link to notify you what http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. EMedicine - Middle Ear, Cholesteatoma : Article By Peter S Roland, MD Middle Ear, cholesteatoma cholesteatomas have been recognized for decades asa destructive lesion of the skull base that can erode and destroy important http://www.emedicine.com/ent/topic220.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Middle Ear Middle Ear, Cholesteatoma Last Updated: August 7, 2003 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: keratoma, cholesteatoma, middle ear cholesteatoma, canal-wall-down otologic surgery, canal-wall-up otologic surgery, canal-wall-down technique, canal-wall-up technique, ear lesion, ear mass, congenitally acquired cholesteatoma, primarily acquired cholesteatoma, secondarily acquired cholesteatoma, congenital cholesteatoma, primary cholesteatoma, secondary cholesteatoma, chronic middle ear fluid, conductive hearing loss, tympanic membrane retraction, tympanic membrane trauma, tympanic membrane injury, acute otitis media, AOM, OM, acute OM, tympanic membrane perforation, painless otorrhea, otorrhea, hearing loss, deafness AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Indications Relevant Anatomy And Contraindications ... Bibliography Author: Peter S Roland, MD

16. Grand Rounds Archives PEDIATRIC cholesteatoma A. Paul Vastola, MD October 7, 1993 Jansen C. cholesteatoma in children. Clin Otolaryngol 1978;3349352. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

17. EMedicine - Cholesteatoma : Article By Peter S Roland, MD cholesteatoma For decades, cholesteatoma has been recognized as a destructivelesion of the skull base that can erode and destroy important structures http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic384.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Pediatrics Otolaryngology Cholesteatoma Last Updated: January 20, 2004 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: keratoma, middle ear cholesteatoma, primary cholesteatoma, primary acquired cholesteatoma, secondary cholesteatoma, secondary acquired cholesteatoma, otorrhea, tympanic membrane perforation, TM perforation AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Peter S Roland, MD , Chair, Professor, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Peter S Roland, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha American Academy of Otolaryngic Allergy American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery American Otological Society , and Texas Medical Association Editor(s): Orval Brown, MD

18. Bobby R. Alford Department Of Otorhinolaryngology And The Bobby R. Alford Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Communicative Sciences home page is a comprehensive resource containing department http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

19. Cholesteatoma And Chronic Mastoiditis cholesteatoma and Chronic Mastoiditis cholesteatoma is an epithelial cyst (made from the tissue and cells that make skin). http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

20. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Cholesteatoma cholesteatoma is a type of cyst located in the middle ear. cholesteatoma canbe a congenital (present at birth) defect, but it more commonly occurs as a http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001050.htm

@import url(/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Cholesteatoma Contents of this page: Illustrations Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors Symptoms ... Prevention Illustrations Tympanic membrane Definition Return to top Cholesteatoma is a type of cyst located in the middle ear. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Cholesteatoma can be a congenital (present at birth) defect, but it more commonly occurs as a complication of chronic ear infection . Long-term inflammation and malfunction of the eustachian tube leads to chronic negative pressure in the middle ear. This pulls a portion of the eardrum (tympanic membrane) inward, creating a sac or cyst that fills with old skin cells and other debris. The cyst becomes chronically infected. The cyst typically continues to fill with debris over time and may erode the mastoid bone and the bones of the middle ear. Symptoms Return to top drainage from the ear , usually chronic hearing loss in one ear pain or numbness in the ear or around the ear dizziness Signs and tests Return to top Inspection of the ear may show a pocket or perforation (opening) in the eardrum, often with drainage. The deposit of old skin cells may be visible with an otoscope.

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