121. InteliHealth: Cervical Cancer InteliHealth Featuring Harvard Medical School s consumer health information.Breaking health news and updates on the most important and intriguing stories http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/333/20778.html

chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_home_mo_1','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_home-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_comm_mo_2','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_comm-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_dental_mo_3','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_dental-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_drug_mo_4','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_drug-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_askexpert_mo_5','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_askexpert-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_medical_mo_6','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_medical-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_chats_mo_7','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_chats-o.gif'); chrome_imgPreload('gifChr_mid_but_privacy_mo_8','http://img.intelihealth.com/i/C/Chr_mid_but_privacy-o.gif'); Advertisement Cervical Cancer Headlines September 08, 2005 News brought to you by: More News General Health Top News This Week In Health Addiction ... Change Profile and the terms and conditions.

122. Cervical Cancer Penn State Hershey Medical Center provides world class care and services to patients. http://www.hmc.psu.edu/healthinfo/c/cervicalcancer.htm

123. Cervical Cancer - WomensHealthChannel Addresses topics related to cervical cancer including statistics. http://www.womenshealthchannel.com/cervicalcancer/index.shtml

Home Search SiteMap Contact Us ... Medical Store CERVICAL CANCER Overview Causes/Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment ... Prevention CONDITIONS Anemia Back Pain Bladder Control Problems Breast Cancer Bunions Cervical Cancer Cervical Dysplasia ... Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding Eating Disorders Endometrial Cancer Endometriosis Epilepsy ... Urinary Tract Infections VBAC Yeast Infection DIAGNOSTIC TESTS CT Scan MRI Scan RESOURCES Clinical Trials Health Quizzes Glossary Links ... What Is a Nurse Practitioner? What Is an OB/GYN? ABOUT US Healthcommunities.com Pressroom Testimonials Overview Cervical cancer develops in the lining of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus (womb) that enters the vagina (birth canal). This condition usually develops over time. Normal cervical cells may gradually undergo changes to become precancerous and then cancerous. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN ) is the term used to describe these abnormal changes. CIN is classified according to the degree of cell abnormality. Low-grade CIN indicates a minimal change in the cells and high-grade CIN indicates a greater degree of abnormality. CIN may progress to squamous intraepithelial lesion ( SIL ; condition that precedes cervical cancer) or to carcinoma in situ (cancer that does not extend beyond the epithelial membrane). SIL is also classified as low-grade or high-grade. High-grade SIL and carcinoma in situ may progress to

124. GMHC: Cervical Cancer HIV/AIDS Health Treatment Fact Sheets cervical cancer If cervicalcancer is not treated, it will become a lifethreatening disease. http://www.gmhc.org/health/treatment/factsheets/cervcanc.html

home hotline calendar press ... links I am A woman A gay man A bisexual A transgendered person A straight man A lesbian An immigrant Newly diagnosed Worried about HIV I need HIV/AIDS basics Legal issues Treatment fact sheets HIV/AIDS glossary Treatment Issues Statistics Nutrition Register as a client Press information Annual report SNiP Tips Make a donation Treatment Fact Sheets Cervical Cancer Cervical Cancer What is cervical cancer? Cervical cancer is a malignant growth of the cervix. The cervix is the opening of the uterus that leads into the vaginal canal. You can feel it with your fingers, inside of the vagina. It is believed that cervical cancer is caused by a sexually transmitted virus called (Human Papilloma Virus or HPV). Only a few types of HPV cause cancer. Most of the cancer caused by HPV is cancer of the cervix, but HPV may also be responsible for cancer in the vagina, vulva, ano-rectal area (in men or women) and on the penis. When the cells of the cervix become abnormal, it is called "

125. Cervical Cancer CHC Wausau Hospital s Medical Library and Patient Education Center providesresearch services and healthcare information to physicians, http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00042080.html

Main Search Index Definition Description Causes ... Resources Cervical cancer Definition Cervical cancer is a disease in which the cells of the cervix become abnormal and start to grow uncontrollably, forming tumors. Description The cervix is the lower part or the neck of the uterus (womb). It connects the uterus to the vagina (birth canal). Cervical cancer generally begins as an abnormality in the cells on the outside of the cervix. The initial changes that occur in the cells are not cancerous and are referred to as "dysplasia." Over a period of time, more changes may occur that make the cells cancerous. They start to grow uncontrollably and invade the deep layers of the cervix. This is referred to as "invasive cancer." Cervical cancer is a very slow growing cancer. The change in the cells from normal to pre-cancerous to cancerous is very gradual and may take several years to develop. For this reason, routine screening tests for cervical cancer are very important. When detected early, pre-cancers and very early cervical cancers are nearly 100% curable. In the United States, cervical cancer accounts for 6% of all cancers in women. It usually affects women between the ages of 40 and 55 years. Worldwide, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women, with over 400,000 new cases diagnosed each year. The incidence is very high in developing countries. In the last 40 years, there has been a 75% decrease in the number of

126. Grounds For Health Nonprofit organization that provides cervical cancer screening to women living in coffee growing communities of Mexico. http://www.groundsforhealth.com

Home Grounds for Health (GFH) is an international non-profit organization founded to provide health care services to coffee-growing communities in Mexico and Central America. Our goal is to create sustainable and effective cancer screening programs with a primary focus on the early detection of cervical cancer, a leading cause of death among women in these areas. Grounds for Health began as a unique partnership between American companies and the coffee-growing communities where they do business. The idea was born in 1996 when Dan Cox, president of a U.S. coffee company, became interested in giving something back to the local people. While traveling in Mexico with a doctor friend, Dan learned that the rate of cervical cancer in Mexico and Central America were among the highest in the world. Alarmed by this fact and knowing that cervical cancer is both preventable, and when caught early, one of the most treatable cancers, he decided this was a problem he might be able to do something about. Learn more Cervical Cancer in Latin America. Why we should care. Cervical Cancer is the number one cause of cancer deaths in women in Latin America.

127. Encyclopaedia Topic : Cancer Of The Cervix, Section : Introduction However, although CIN can develop into cervical cancer if not treated, cervical cancer can be prevented, because it can be detected in the early stages http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/en.asp?TopicID=92

128. Medicare.gov - Cervical Cancer Information This section of Medicare.gov contains links to websites with information oncervical cancer. http://www.medicare.gov/health/cervical.asp

Search Frequently Asked Questions d Home Screen Reader Version ... Español The Official U.S. Government Site for People with Medicare Help Frequently Asked Questions Mailing List Search Tools ... Search Tools Stay Healthy E-mail This Page Cervical and Vaginal Cancer Screening (Pap Test and Pelvic Exam) Medicare covers Pap tests and pelvic exams to check for cervical and vaginal cancers. As part of the pelvic exam, Medicare covers a clinical breast exam to check for breast cancer. How often is it covered? A Pap test and pelvic exam are covered by Medicare once every 24 months. However, if you are of childbearing age and have had an abnormal Pap test within the past 36 months, or if you are at high risk for cervical or vaginal cancer, Medicare will cover a Pap test and pelvic exam every 12 months. For whom? All women with Medicare Your costs in the Original Medicare Plan? You pay nothing for the Pap lab test. For Pap test collection and pelvic and breast exams, you pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount with no Part B deductible. Are you at high risk for cervical cancer?

129. Cervical Cancer cervical cancer is cancer of the uterine cervix, the portion of the uterus attachedto the top of the vagina. Ninety percent of cervical cancers arise from http://www.healthcentral.com/ency/408/000893.html

Dr. Dean TV Specials Newsletters Home ... Health Tools Search Choose a Health Topic * All Health Topics * Acne Addictions AIDS/HIV Alcohol Abuse Allergies Alternative Medicine Alzheimer's Arthritis Asthma Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD) Backache Bipolar Affective Disorder Birth Control Blood Blood Pressure Bone/Joint/Tendon Bowel Brain Breast cancer Cancer Cerebral Palsy Cholesterol Cramps Crohn's Disease Cysts Dental/Oral Depression Diabetes Diet, Fitness, Looks Disabled/Special Needs Drug Abuse Ear/Nose/Throat Eating/Appetite Eczema Encephalitis Eye/Vision Fatigue Fever Flu Food Poisoning Foot Gallbladder Gastrointestinal Genetic/Congenital GERD/Heartburn Hair Loss Hair/Scalp Headache Hearing Heart Disease, Stroke Heat/Sunstroke Hepatitis Hernia Herpes High Blood Pressure Hormonal Immune Disorders Immunizations/Vaccines Impotence Incontinence/Bladder Infections Injuries Kidney/Urinary Kids Learning Disabilities Liver Lung Cancer Men Menopause, Postmenopause Migraine Mobility/Balance Multiple Sclerosis Muscle Neural Nosebleeds Pain Parasites Pituitary PMS Pregnancy Prostate Cancer Prostate Disorders Psoriasis Psychological Raynaud's Disease Respiratory Reye Syndrome Rheumatoid Arthritis Schizophrenia Seniors Sensory Sexually Transmitted Disease Skin Sleep Speech Disorders Spinal Thyroid Trauma Weight Loss Women Yeast Infections Home Health Encyclopedia Cervical cancer Cervical cancer Injury Disease Nutrition Poison ... Prevention Cervical cancer Definition: Cervical cancer is cancer of the uterine cervix, the portion of the uterus attached to the top of the vagina. Ninety percent of cervical cancers arise from the flattened or "squamous" cells covering the cervix. Most of the remaining 10% arise from the glandular, mucus-secreting cells of the cervical canal leading into the uterus.

130. CCMB > Manitoba Cervical Cancer Screening Program > Welcome Most women who are diagnosed with cervical cancer have never had a Pap smear or The best thing you can do to prevent cervical cancer is have a Pap smear http://www.cancercare.mb.ca/MCCSP/index.shtml

Home CCMB Services Cervical Screening Information Welcome What is a Pap smear? Who is at risk of cervical cancer? When should I go for a Pap smear? Where do I go? ... Reports English Version French Version Welcome! Manitoba Cervical Cancer Screening Program 25 Sherbrook St, Unit 5 Winnipeg, MB R3C 2B1 Monday - Friday 8:00 AM - 4:00 PM Closed holidays E-mail mccsp@cancercare.mb.ca Administration Did you know ... About 66 Manitoba women are diagnosed with cervical cancer every year? Wednesday October 26, 2005 is Pap Test Awareness Day For a list of walk-in sites in the Winnipeg area where no appointment is necessary, please download the poster (532 KB .pdf) The goal of the Manitoba Cervical Cancer Screening Program is to reduce deaths from cervical cancer. The best thing you can do to prevent cervical cancer is have a Pap smear regularly. This is a simple test where a sample of cells is taken from your cervix by your doctor or health provider and sent to a laboratory for examination. They are looking for abnormal cells, known as cervical dysplasia, that may lead to cancer of the cervix. News CCMB Departments CCMB Foundation Special Events ... webmaster@cancercare.mb.ca

131. PR-99-13/ First Cervical Cancer Vaccine - From Pipe Dream To Pipeline cervical cancer is the second most important cancer in women after breast cancer . cervical cancer is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the human http://www.who.int/inf-pr-1999/en/pr99-13.html

Press Release WHO/13 19 February 1999 FIRST There are several strong candidates for the first ever genetically engineered cervical cancer vaccine, according to scientists participating this week in a World Health Organization (WHO) meeting on the current status of development of prophylactic vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. If successful, this vaccine will be the second vaccine against a major human cancer (the other being hepatitis B vaccine which prevents primary liver cancer). There is a huge discrepancy between incidence in developed and developing countries largely due to the availability of screening and treatment facilities in industrialized countries. The proportion of cancers in women attributable to HPV as a whole ranges from 3% to 5% in North America and Western Europe but in Latin America, South-west Asia and sub-Saharan Africa it reaches 20-24%. Cervical cancer is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the human papillomavirus. Infection with HPV usually occurs in the early years of sexual activity but it takes up to twenty years for it to develop into a full blown malignant tumour. Scientists believe that essentially all cervical cancer is caused by infection with a few types of HPV. HPV role in triggering off cervical cancer was discovered in 1983. WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Lyon, France, has been a leader in the epidemiological and laboratory studies needed to understand the disease. Ten years later, researchers in several countries are working on the prototype vaccine.

132. New Scientist Will Cancer Vaccine Get To All Women? - News DEATHS from cervical cancer could jump fourfold to a million a year by 2050,mainly in developing countries. This could be prevented by soonto-be-approved http://www.newscientist.com/channel/sex/mg18624954.500/

Free E-Zine Subscribe to Magazine Customer Service 09 September 2005 HO M E N ... JOBS JOB OF THE WEEK ASSISTANT PROFESSOR University of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz, US California Clinical Cytogenetic Technologist/Technician ... Change address Will cancer vaccine get to all women? 18 April 2005 NewScientist.com news service Debora MacKenzie Related Articles Gel may help cure cervical cancer 26 November 2004 Coming soon: the first cancer vaccines 20 November 2004 Vaccine may protect against cervical cancer 12 November 2004 Search New Scientist Contact us Web Links Bridget Maher, Family Research Council Indian Council of Medical Research Cancer Research UK DEATHS from cervical cancer could jump fourfold to a million a year by 2050, mainly in developing countries. This could be prevented by soon-to-be-approved vaccines against the virus that causes most cases of cervical cancer - but there are signs that opposition to the vaccines might lead to many preventable deaths. The trouble is that the human papilloma virus (HPV) is sexually transmitted. So to prevent infection, girls will have to be vaccinated before they become sexually active, which could be a problem in many countries.

133. Cancer Of Uterine Cervix, The Cancer Information Network cervical cancer is a malignant disease occurs in the uterine cervix of females . The diagnosis of cervical cancer brings with them many questions and a http://www.cancerlinksusa.com/cervix/index.asp

Thank You For Visiting Our Sponsors! Home Support Top 10 Message Board ... Patients' Workbook First Steps After Diagnosis of Cancer The Cancer Patient's Workbook: Everything You Need to Stay Organized and Informed! 50 Essential Things To Do: When the Doctor Says It's Cancer. Top 10 Cancer Sites, Treatment Centers, and Cancer Books for Newly Diagnosed Patients. Cancer Patients: Know Your Rights. ... How You Can Help Your Doctor new! Making a Difference in Your Cancer Treatment with Good Nutrition Anal Cancer Bladder Cancer Brain Tumor ... Pediatric Cancers Welcome to The Cancer Information Network Introduction Cervical cancer is a malignant disease occurs in the uterine cervix of females. This year, about 63,000 people will be diagnosed with this malignancy. The diagnosis of cervical cancer brings with them many questions and a need for clear, understandable answers... In The Spotlight: The Cancer Patient's Workbook: Everything You Need to Stay Organized and Informed "This book gave me hope and guidance, and was definitely a blessing to me especially in the first several weeks after my diagnosis of stage 4 kidney cancer. I would recommend the Cancer Patient's Workbook to any one who has cancer."

134. Cervical Cancer Treatment of cervical cancer during pregnancy may be delayed depending on thestage of Stage 0 cervical cancer is sometimes called carcinoma in situ. http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cancernet/200103.html

Cervical cancer Description Stage Explanation Treatment Option Overview Stage Cervical Cancer ... Overview Of PDQ CancerMail from the National Cancer Institute Information from PDQ for Patients DESCRIPTION What is cancer of the cervix? Cancer of the cervix, a common kind of cancer in women, is a disease in which cancer (malignant) cells are found in the tissues of the cervix. The cervix is the opening of the uterus (womb). The uterus is the hollow, pear-shaped organ where a baby develops. The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina (birth canal). Cancer of the cervix usually grows slowly over a period of time. Before cancer cells are found on the cervix, the tissues of the cervix go through changes in which cells that are not normal begin to appear (known as dysplasia). A Pap smear will usually find these cells. Later, cancer cells start to grow and spread more deeply into the cervix and to surrounding areas. Since there are usually no symptoms associated with cancer of the cervix, a doctor should do a series of tests to look for it. The first of these is a Pap smear, which is done by using a piece of cotton, a brush, or a small wooden stick to gently scrape the outside of the cervix in order to pick up cells. Pressure is sometimes felt and it is usually not accompanied by pain. If cells that are not normal are found, the doctor will need to cut a sample of tissue (this procedure is called a biopsy) from the cervix and look at it under a microscope to see if there are any cancer cells. A biopsy that needs only a small amount of tissue may be done in the doctor's office. A person may need to go to the hospital if the doctor needs to remove a larger, cone-shaped biopsy specimen (conization).

135. Cervical Cancer Screening: Testing Can Start Later And Occur Less Often Under Ne ACOG is a nonprofit organization of women s health care physicians advocatinghighest standards of practice, continuing member education and public http://www.acog.org/from_home/publications/press_releases/nr07-31-03-1.cfm

Find an Ob-Gyn Contact Us About Us ACOG Home Search public website Login to search entire site Advocacy About Advocacy ACOG Legislative Priorities ... [Printer-friendly format] ACOG NEWS RELEASE For Release: July 31, 2003 Contact: ACOG Office of Communications communications@acog.org Cervical Cancer Screening: Testing Can Start Later and Occur Less Often Under New ACOG Recommendations Washington, DC In its most comprehensive revision of Pap test and other cervical cancer screening recommendations in over a decade, The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) has issued a new, evidence-based practice bulletin, "Cervical Cytology Screening." ACOG notes that an increasing number of women will no longer need annual testing for cervical cancer and that screening can also begin later than previously recommended. However, annual pelvic examinations are still advised for women across a broad age range. ACOG's new recommendations differ only slightly from recently revised recommendations of the American Cancer Society (ACS) and the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), but ACOG's new practice bulletin may have a bigger impact on the clinical practices of the nation's obstetrician-gynecologists. "Many of these changes have come about not only because of the technological changes in cancer screening over the years, but also because scientists now have a better understanding of the development of cervical cancer," says ACOG's Vice President for Practice Activities, Stanley Zinberg, MD.

136. CCPW – Cervical Cancer The Coalition of Labor Union Women supports the rights of working women and families. http://www.cluw.org/cervcancer2.html

Coalition of Labor Union Women CLUW.org . . . The new online frontline for working women CLUW.org c e r v i c a l c a n c e r Updated September 7, 2005 HOME ABOUT CLUW PROGRAMS MEMBERSHIP ... LINKS CLUW 1925 K St. NW Suite 402 Washington, DC 20006 info@cluw.org Coalition of Labor Union Women Cervical Cancer Prevention Works CLUW is committed to raising awareness of HPV test for women 30 and older to prevent cervical cancer PAP TESTS STILL A MYSTERY TO MANY WOMEN Improved information, particularly for vulnerable populations, could improve care, reduce cancer This article appears in the June 2005 issue of Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in April 2003 approved a new screening test to help determine which women over age 30 are at a higher risk of developing cervical cancer. This screening method uses a DNA test to detect human papillomavirus (HPV), one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases, in combination with a Pap test. The DNA test identifies the 13 types of HPV most commonly associated with cervical cancer. At its March 2003 National Executive Board meeting, CLUW adopted a resolution of support of FDA approval of annual HPV screening for all women over 30.

137. Info Centre - Book Review : Cervical Cancer Cancer of the cervix, also called cervical cancer, is the leading cause of canceramongst women in Most cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinomas. http://www.cpaaindia.org/infocentre/bookreview_cervix.htm

About Us Activities Casefile Resource ... Chat Transcripts Cancer Brochures Oral Cancer Leukemia Lung Cancer Cervical Cancer Breast Cancer Please click here for free booklet CANCER OF THE CERVIX Cancer of the cervix, also called cervical cancer, is the leading cause of cancer amongst women in India. There are more than 70,000 cases of cancer of the cervix to be found in the country. Cancer is an unwanted purposeless and unchecked growth of any body tissue, with a capability of spreading to other areas. Most cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinomas. Squamous cells are thin, flat cells that form the surface of the cervix. The cervix is the lower, narrow part of the uterus (womb). The uterus, a hollow, pear-shaped organ, is located in the lower abdomen. The cervix forms a canal that opens into the vagina, which leads to the outside of the body. Who is at risk in developing cancer of the cervix?

138. Feministing.com cervical cancer mobilizes MDs. While there have been a hometesting device createdto make pap “cervical cancer shouldn’t be a cause of death anymore. http://feministing.com/archives/001691.html

home about contact donate ... advertise Issues Education Health International Issues Violence Against Women ... Work and the Economy September 2005 Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Archive September 2005 August 2005 July 2005 June 2005 ... April 2004 July 26, 2005 Cervical cancer mobilizes MDs While there have been a home-testing device created to make pap smears cheap and easy abroad in the fight against cervical cancer, doctors in the U.S. have been organizing to make some serious domestic changes, reports the Washington Post. The fact of the matter is that 4,000 women in the U.S. will die from cervical cancer this year, although every death is preventable. In response, a $25 million federal program is going into effect to have communities recruit “patient navigators,” or volunteers (a trusted member of the community who speak their patient’s language) who will push for pap tests and aid the diagnosed. Dr. Stephen McPhee of the University of California put his two cents in: “Cervical cancer shouldn’t be a cause of death anymore...Yet here we are in 2005 dealing with a problem that should have been fixed 25 years ago. It’s a bad reflection on the U.S. health-delivery system.” McPhee started his own program in California working against cervical cancer among Vietnamese immigrants, who have the highest incidence of the disease in the nation.

139. Cervical Cancer Screening Regular screening tests can help women prevent cervical cancer. The Pap smearand the HPV DNA test are two tests available to help detect early warning http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2004/104_cancer.html

FDA Home Page Search FDA Site FDA A-Z Index Contact FDA ... To a Friend FDA Consumer magazine January-February 2004 Issue Cervical Cancer Screening By Linda Bren A Pap smear has long been a part of a woman's routine health care. The Pap can detect cell changes that may lead to cancer of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus, or womb. Women age 30 and older can now opt to get an additional test along with their Pap smear to increase the odds of detecting abnormal, or precancerous, cells before they turn into cervical cancer. This test checks a sample of cervical cells for the presence of the genetic material (DNA) of human papillomaviruses (HPVs). "One of the high risk factors for having cervical cancer is a persistent HPV infection," says Thomas Simms, a Food and Drug Administration biologist who evaluated the HPV DNA test. "Greater than 95 percent of cervical cancers have detectable HPV DNA in them." In March 2003, the FDA approved the HPV DNA test to be used simultaneously with the Pap test to screen for cervical cancer in women age 30 and older. The Hybrid Capture 2 High-Risk HPV DNA, made by Digene Corp. of Gaithersburg, Md., was initially approved in 2000, but only as a follow-up test for women who had abnormal or inconclusive Pap tests. The Tests and What They Mean A woman who visits her doctor to have a Pap test may be offered the HPV DNA test as well. "A woman 30 years and older has an option to choose to have the HPV testing," says Noel Del Mundo, M.D., an FDA gynecologist. Women who have both the Pap and the HPV DNA tests performed will not notice any difference in the procedure. The doctor will collect cervical cells for both tests at the same time by gently rubbing the surface of the cervix with a special collection device. The cells will then be sent to a laboratory for analysis.

140. Virtual Hospital: Cancer: Cervical Cancer And Pap Tests cervical cancer can occur at any age with the peak for cancer in situ (confinedto original The Pap test is very accurate in detecting cervical cancer. http://www.vh.org/adult/patient/cancercenter/cervicalandpaptests/

What You Should Know About Cervical Cancer and Pap Tests Peer Review Status: Internally Reviewed by Cancer Center Staff First Published: 1988 Last Review Date: February 2005 What is the Pap Test? During a Pap test, cells are scraped or brushed off the cervix, and prepared on a slide that can be examined under a microscope. The purpose of the Pap test is to detect changes that may lead to cervical cancer. What Is Cancer of the Cervix? Cancer of the cervix is a malignancy of the cells lining the surface of the cervix. The cervix is the lower, narrow end of the uterus (womb). It opens into the vagina and connects the womb with the vagina. Who Is At Risk? Women who have had sex at an early age, multiple sexual partners, or more than 5 pregnancies have a greater risk of cervical cancer. Also at risk are smokers, and young women whose mothers took DES during pregnancy. Cervical cancer can occur at any age with the peak for cancer in situ (confined to original site) being between ages 30 and 40. The peak for invasive cancer is ages 40-50. What Are the Symptoms?

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