61. High Altitude Cerebral Edema - Storming Media Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is usually a benign and selflimited illness whichbefalls previously healthy individuals who ascend rapidly to high altitude http://www.stormingmedia.us/36/3667/A366761.html

Home About Us Contact Us View Cart ... Medicine and Medical Research High Altitude Cerebral Edema Authors: Allan J. Hamilton Allen Cymmerman Peter McL. Black ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA Abstract: Limitations: APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE Pages: Report Date: MAR 86 Report number: Keywords relating to this report: ACCLIMATIZATION ALTITUDE SICKNESS CARBONIC ANHYDRASE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ... STEROIDS Printed Format - $23.95 Adobe PDF - $8.95 Please check the box for the format you wish to order. Shipping Terms About Electronic Delivery E-Mail a colleague Home About Us Contact Us View Cart ... Advanced Search

62. Edema Of The Brain cerebral edema. •The cerebral hemispheres are seen from the top with the frontal •Severe cerebral edema produces increased intracranial pressure with http://radiology.uchc.edu/eAtlas/CNS/858.htm

Search Frames Search No frames PathWeb Home Feed Back ... About Cerebral Edema Click on Image to Enlarge it Cerebral Edema The cerebral hemispheres are seen from the top with the frontal lobes to the left and the occipital lobes to the right and the cerebellum between the two occipital lobes. The hemispheres show marked flattening of the gyri and narrowing of the gyri indicating cerebral edema. (Description By:Melinda Sanders, M.D. ) (Image Contrib. by:Melinda Sanders, M.D. UCHC ) Edema Etiology May be due to tumor, trauma, infection, metabolic disease, vascular disease or toxins. Pathogenesis There are two types of edema - vasogenic and cytotoxic. In vasogenic edema, seen in infection, vascular disease trauma and tumor, the blood brain barrier is defective and fluid enters the interstitial space. In cytotoxic edema the Na-K pump breaks down as does Calcium transport so fluid enter the cells including neurons. In both cases astrocytes swell.

63. Edema Of The Brain cerebral edema. •This is the base of the brain with the frontal lobes to the left •Severe cerebral edema produces increased intracranial pressure with http://radiology.uchc.edu/eAtlas/CNS/859.htm

Search Frames Search No frames PathWeb Home Feed Back ... About Cerebral Edema Click on Image to Enlarge it Cerebral Edema This is the base of the brain with the frontal lobes to the left and the occipital lobes and cerebellum to the right. There is swelling of the brainstem, wide uncal grooves, and a cerebellar pressure cone indicating severe cerebral edema with transtentorial and foramen magnum herniation which no doubt caused the patient's death. (Description By:Melinda Sanders, M.D. ) (Image Contrib. by:Melinda Sanders, M.D. UCHC ) Edema Etiology May be due to tumor, trauma, infection, metabolic disease, vascular disease or toxins. Pathogenesis There are two types of edema - vasogenic and cytotoxic. In vasogenic edema, seen in infection, vascular disease trauma and tumor, the blood brain barrier is defective and fluid enters the interstitial space. In cytotoxic edema the Na-K pump breaks down as does Calcium transport so fluid enter the cells including neurons.

64. CJNS - Addison's Disease Presenting With Cerebral Edema Results A 16year-old female who presented with cerebral edema of unknown etiologywas eventually diagnosed as having Addison s disease. http://www.cjns.org/23maytoc/addisons.htm

Abstract Close Window Addison's Disease Presenting with Cerebral Edema Caroline Geenen, Ingrid Tein and Robert M Ehrlich Abstract: Background: Increased intracranial pressure with encephalopathy has rarely been reported in Addison's disease. Method: Case Study. Results: Conclusion: Addison's Disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of symptomatic cerebral edema and idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 1996; 23: 141-145 For information about this web site e-mail to: journal@cjns.org

65. NTII - Neurobiological Technologies, Inc. cerebral edema, or swelling in the brain, is a serious complication commonlyassociated with XERECEPT® Clinical Development Timeline in cerebral edema http://www.ntii.com/products/xerecept.shtml

Status Clinical Trials Memantine XERECEPT ... Glossary XERECEPT - For the Treatment of Periturmoral Brain Edema Overview For the tens of thousands of patients with brain tumors, peritumoral cerebral brain edema, or swelling of the brain, is a serious condition that can lead to major physiological and psychological consequences including seizures, muscle weakness, loss of coordination, and double vision. The current treatment for brain edema involves high doses of corticosteroids which may cause serious side effects such as psychosis, muscle wasting, osteoporosis, and vision problems - impairments that can be more debilitating to patients than the neurological deficits directly related to the tumor. In the United States alone, approximately 35,000 patients are diagnosed every year with primary brain tumors, and another 150,000 with metastic brain tumors. XERECEPT is a synthetic preparation of the natural human peptide hormone corticorelin acetate or human Corticotropin Releasing Factor (hCRF), which may present an alternative treatment for brain edema with far fewer side effects thus potentially significantly improving the quality of life for brain cancer patients. NTI has recently initiated a pivotal Phase III clinical program for XERECEPT for the treatment of peritumoral cerebral edema that will include two concurrent Phase III studies. This is considered to be the first controlled study ever for peritumoral brain swelling associated with brain tumors. The U.S. Food and drug Administration has provided orphan drug designation for this indication which in turn provides NTI with seven years of market exclusivity eligibility.

66. COMMON TREATMENT FOR DIABETIC CRISIS IN CHILDREN MAY CONTRIBUTE TO RARE BUT OFTE In all, cerebral edema accounts for 50 percent to 60 percent of diabetesrelateddeaths She is also one of the rare children to develop cerebral edema. http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/news/diabetes_study.html

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: January 24, 2001 CONTACT Carole F. Gan Pager: (916) 762-2089 COMMON TREATMENT FOR DIABETIC CRISIS IN CHILDREN MAY CONTRIBUTE TO RARE BUT OFTEN FATAL COMPLICATION (Sacramento, Calif.) - A common treatment for children in diabetic crisis should be abandoned in most cases because it appears to contribute to a rare but often-fatal complication known as cerebral edema, according to a study by researchers at UC Davis School of Medicine and Medical Center. The study also identifies two simple blood test measurements that can help doctors predict which patients are in greatest danger of developing the potentially deadly complication. The study, the largest and most statistically rigorous examination yet of risk factors for cerebral edema in children with diabetic ketoacidosis, appears in the Jan. 25 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine. The researchers found that bicarbonate, a common treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis, appears to increase the risk of cerebral edema, or swelling of the brain, which can be fatal. In ketoacidosis, toxic levels of acids called ketones build up in the blood. Bicarbonate is often given in the emergency department to reduce these acid levels. "In the past there has been some suspicion that giving bicarbonate can increase risk of cerebral edema, but ours is the first study to show that it can," said Nathan Kuppermann, senior author of the study, a pediatric emergency physician and associate professor of internal medicine at UC Davis. "I imagine doctors in emergency departments and pediatric intensive care units will put this knowledge into effect immediately."

67. Massive Cerebral Edema After Recanalization Post-Thrombolysis -- Cruz-Flores Et Postrecanalization cerebral edema is an uncommon but potentially lethal complication Key Words stroke • reperfusion • ischemic brain edema • cerebral http://jon.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/11/4/447

JOURNAL HOME HELP CONTACT US SUBSCRIPTIONS ... TABLE OF CONTENTS QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: Journal of Neuroimaging, Vol. 11, No. 4, 447-451 (2001) This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager ... Reprints and Permissions PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Cruz-Flores, S. Articles by Boiser, J. R. Massive Cerebral Edema After Recanalization Post-Thrombolysis Salvador Cruz-Flores Saint Louis University Health Sciences Center Daryl W. Thompson Saint Louis University Health Sciences Center Joey R. Boiser Saint Louis University Health Sciences Center Background. Intravenous thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator is an approved and effective therapy for acute ischemic stroke within the first 3 hours from onset. In addition to the risk of hemorrhage, there is a risk of postrecanalization cerebral edema. The authors present the case of a patient with an ischemic

68. Survey Of Anesthesiology - UserLogin Hypertonic Saline Ameliorates cerebral edema Associated With Experimental cerebral edema often accompanies brain tumors and frequently leads to lethal http://www.surveyanesthesiology.com/pt/re/survanes/fulltext.00132586-200308000-0

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69. Medical Image Database, Radiology Teaching Files And Cases, MedPix™: Single Diffuse cerebral edema Factoid 1889 Created 2001-05-05 165333-04 Diffuse cerebral edema is among the most life-threatening of all cerebral insults http://rad.usuhs.mil/medpix/radpix.html?mode=single&comebackto=mode=geo_browse&r

70. RESEARCHERS DEVISE WAY TO DETECT DANGEROUS BRAIN SWELLING IN DIABETIC CHILDREN In addition, the approach identified four cases of cerebral edema among the 69 Therefore, the diagnosis of cerebral edema needs to be made at the http://www.napa.ufl.edu/2004news/diabetesdeaths.htm

More UF News Search UF UF Home Page RESEARCHERS DEVISE WAY TO DETECT DANGEROUS BRAIN SWELLING IN DIABETIC CHILDREN Aug. 17, 2004 Contact Information The research team reviewed medical records from 24 patients ages 1 to 15 who developed cerebral edema due to diabetic ketoacidosis and were cared for at various U.S. hospitals. All the patients had poor outcomes, and their cases were sent to Rosenbloom for his expert review because they were involved in litigation. Records from an additional two patients seen at Shands at UF medical center were added to the review. The researchers also analyzed 69 consecutive episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis in children treated at Shands who were not thought to have developed cerebral edema. They then applied statistical methods to identify the combinations of symptoms most likely to accurately identify the earliest onset of cerebral edema. These signs were incorporated into a bedside evaluation protocol that researchers then used to evaluate patients. They included a slowing of heart rate, altered level of consciousness and age-inappropriate incontinence, along with vomiting, headache or lethargy. The screening method was 96 percent accurate in detecting cerebral edema. In addition, the approach identified four cases of cerebral edema among the 69 patients not recognized to have a problem. All had recovered spontaneously.

71. Redirect - Rediriger In Canada, two (2) pediatric cases describing cerebral edema have been Treatment should be stopped if symptoms compatible with cerebral edema are http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hpfb-dgpsa/tpd-dpt/orthoclone_okt3_nth_e.html

72. R1-Cerebral Edema Associated To Scorpion Sting: A Two Case Sting Report cerebral edema Associated to Scorpion Sting. A Two Case Sting Report. Romero NO (1),Hernández TJM (1). (1) Hospital Del Niño Morelense, Cuernavaca, http://www.jvat.org.br/next/jvat_including_tropical_diseases/next_publications/c

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis. Case report - ISSN 1678-9199. Cerebral Edema Associated to Scorpion Sting: A Two Case Sting Report Romero N. O. (1), Hernández T. J. M. (1) (1) Hospital Del Niño Morelense, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico ABSTRACT: Scorpionism is a public health problem in some places in Mexico. The clinical symptoms of envenomation by scorpion sting are by sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation, developing systemic and local symptoms. The Central Nervous System is one of the organs that are affected. In some cases, cerebral edema develops. In this report we present two pediatric cases with the association of envenomation scorpion sting and cerebral edema. The first case developed severe cerebral edema, which progressed to a fatal outcome; and the other case developed mild cerebral edema with a satisfactory evolution. The pathophysiology of this complication is not well known and probably is the consequence of hypoxia, secondary to the respiratory failure, laryngospasm and seizures that are manifestations of the envenomation scorpion sting. KEY WORDS: cerebral edema, scorpion sting

73. April 30, 1998-Vol29n30: What's The Real Cause Of Mountain Sickness?; Research A potentially lethal brain swelling known as highaltitude cerebral edema.Research conducted at UB suggests that high-altitude cerebral edema is caused http://www.buffalo.edu/reporter/vol29/vol29n30/n1.html

VOLUME 29, NUMBER 30 THURSDAY, APRIL 30, 1998 What's the real cause of mountain sickness?; Research at UB points to leaks in blood-brain barrier, By LOIS BAKER News Services Editor The latest high-tech gear can't protect climbers on Mount Everest from one of the hazards feared most by those who spend time at extreme heights-oxygen deprivation, or hypoxia, resulting in the potentially lethal brain swelling known as high-altitude cerebral edema. Research conducted at UB suggests that high-altitude cerebral edema is caused by a disruption in the blood-brain barrier, the specialized layer of cells in cerebral blood vessels that, under normal conditions, allow only certain substances to pass into the brain's circulation. John A. Krasney, professor of physiology and a specialist in hypoxia, presented the findings April 28 at the 66th annual meeting of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons in Philadelphia. Krasney and colleagues in UB's Hermann Rahn Laboratory of Environmental Physiology have developed an animal model using sheep for studying hypoxia and cerebral edema in an effort to learn more about how and why these conditions develop and their effect on cognitive function. "Brain swelling, and also pulmonary edema [fluid in the lungs], is one of the major problems at high altitude and we don't really know the cause of either," Krasney said. "It is not lack of oxygen per se. At high altitude, the brain has an adequate supply of oxygen because blood flow increases to compensate for the lower concentration of oxygen in the air. Yet people still get sick."

74. In Cerebral Edema Following Stroke, Both Mannitol And Hypertonic Saline May Redu Clinical Question In a stroke patient with significant cerebral edema doesmannitol improve clinical outcome? Clinical Bottom Lines http://www.uwo.ca/cns/ebn/CATs/stroke-cerebral-edema-therapy.htm

In cerebral edema following stroke, both mannitol and hypertonic saline may reduce raised intracranial pressure acutely. Their effect on stroke outcome is not known. Clinical Problem: A 65 year old man who suffered a large MCA territory infarct 72 hours ago develops worsening deficits. A CT scan shows increasing cerebral edema. Clinical Question: In a stroke patient with significant cerebral edema does mannitol improve clinical outcome? Clinical Bottom Lines: 1. The clinical effect of mannitol or HS-HES on stroke outcome is not known. 2. In the short term, mannitol reduced post-stroke raised intracranial pressure in 10/14 (71%) events, while HS-HES reduced it in 16/16 (100%) events. 3. Review of RCTs of other interventions (eg. steroids, IV glycerol) show that they are no better than placebo in improving stroke outcome. 4. Early hemicraniectomy was of some benefit in a small cohort study without randomized controls The Evidence: A single centre RCT of episodes of raised ICP in 9 stroke patients in a neuro-intensive care unit. Initial events of raised ICP were randomized to treatment with hypertonic saline hydroxyethyl starch solution (HS- HES ) or mannitol. In subsequent events the 2 substances were alternated

75. HDCN: Review Of Abstract By Silver Et Al. cerebral edema after rapid dialysis is not caused by an increase in brain organic Neurologic deterioration including seizures, coma, and cerebral edema http://www.hdcn.com/5/512jasil.htm

Cerebral edema after rapid dialysis is not caused by an increase in brain organic osmolytes JASN 12 1995 Silver SM Cerebral edema after rapid dialysis is not caused by an increase in brain organic osmolytes J Am Soc Nephrol (Dec) Neurologic deterioration including seizures, coma, and cerebral edema developing toward the end of dialysis is called the dialysis disequilibrium syndrome (DDS). DDS was initially hypothesized to be caused by slow removal of urea from the brain, establishing a brain to plasma urea gradient that promoted osmotically driven movement of water into the brain ('reverse urea effect'). However, initial studies by Arieff in rapidly dialyzed uremic dogs found an increased brain to plasma osmolality ratio ( Kidney Int 4:177, 1973). This led to the suggestion that cerebral edema was caused by formation of 'idiogenic osmoles' during dialysis. However, Arieff measured tissue osmolality by freezing-point depression, which is now recognized to have limited accuracy. These idiogenic osmoles are now known as organic osmolytes, and are found in regions of the body exposed to osmotic stress (especially the renal medulla and brain). Osmolytes change in an adaptive manner in response to changes in plasma tonicity, allowing cells to survive osmotic stress. The major brain osmolytes are glutamine, glutamate, taurine, and myoinositol. Brain osmolytes are increased during chronic hyponatremia; however, the response is gradual over several days. In contrast, Arieff hypothesized that these compounds increase rapidly, and in a maladaptive direction (since plasma osmolality falls during dialysis). Arieff's hypothesis has now been tested by several groups.

76. AAP Grand Rounds -- Sign In Page Risk factors for cerebral edema in children with diabetic ketoacidosis. cerebral edema was defined as altered mental status and either radiographic or http://aapgrandrounds.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/5/4/34

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... SEARCH QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: This item requires a subscription. If you have an individual print subscription to AAP Grand Rounds , online access is included. Full Text Cerebral Edema, Bicarbonate, and Diabetic Ketoacidosis Krane AAP Grand Rounds. This Article Full Text (PDF) Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited ... Alert me if a correction is posted Services E-mail this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to My File Cabinet ... Download to citation manager PubMed Articles by Krane, E. J. To view this item, select one of the options below: Sign In: Please use your AAP ID Number or Temporary Activation Code for your User Name. User Name Sign in without cookies. Can't get past this page? Help with Cookies. Need to Activate? Password Forgot your user name or password? Sign Up Become a Member - Join the American Academy of Pediatrics. Subscription Information HOME HELP FEEDBACK ... SEARCH

77. AAP Grand Rounds -- Sign In Page Demographic risk factors for clinical cerebral edema include newonset Imaging studies of children in DKA suggest some degree of cerebral edema is http://aapgrandrounds.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/11/5/56

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... SEARCH QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: This item requires a subscription. If you have an individual print subscription to AAP Grand Rounds , online access is included. Full Text The Consensus Conference on Diabetic Ketoacidosis Bratton AAP Grand Rounds. This Article Full Text (PDF) Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited ... Alert me if a correction is posted Services E-mail this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to My File Cabinet ... Download to citation manager PubMed Articles by Bratton, S. L. To view this item, select one of the options below: Sign In: Please use your AAP ID Number or Temporary Activation Code for your User Name. User Name Sign in without cookies. Can't get past this page? Help with Cookies. Need to Activate? Password Forgot your user name or password? Sign Up Become a Member - Join the American Academy of Pediatrics. Subscription Information HOME HELP FEEDBACK ... SEARCH

78. Computed Axial Tomography Scan Demonstration Of Cerebral Edema In Eclampsia Prec The presence of cerebral edema in the occipital lobes are demonstrated by computed A repeat CT scan confirmed the resolution of the cerebral edema. http://www.greenjournal.org/cgi/content/abstract/60/4/529

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... TABLE OF CONTENTS QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: This Article Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager ... Cited by other online articles PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Beeson, J. Articles by Duda, E. Articles Computed axial tomography scan demonstration of cerebral edema in eclampsia preceded by blindness JH Beeson and EE Duda The presence of cerebral edema in the occipital lobes are demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) in a patient presenting with eclampsia preceded by blindness at 36 weeks' gestation. After delivery by cesarean section, the patient's management included the use of mannitol and dexamethasone (Decadron) to reduce the cerebral edema. The patient's vision returned within 24 hours after delivery. A repeat CT scan confirmed the resolution of the cerebral edema. This article has been cited by other articles: T. Kanki, K. Tsukimori, F. Mihara, and H. Nakano

79. Obstetrics & Gynecology -- Sign In Page Computed axial tomography scan demonstration of cerebral edema in eclampsiapreceded by blindness. Obstet Gynecol 1982;60529–32.Abstract http://www.greenjournal.org/cgi/content/full/93/5/821

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... SEARCH QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: This item requires a subscription to Full Text D IFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGES AND VASOGENIC EDEMA IN ECLAMPSIA Kanki et al. Obstet Gynecol. This Article Abstract Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited ... Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Kanki, T. Articles by Nakano, H. To view this item, select one of the options below: Sign In User Name Sign in without cookies. Can't get past this page? Help with Cookies. Need to Activate? Password Forgot your user name or password? Purchase Short-Term Access Pay per Article - You may access this article (from the computer you are currently using) for 1 day for US$20.00 Regain Access - You can regain access to a recent Pay per Article purchase if your access period has not yet expired. Sign Up Subscribe to the Journal - Subscribe to the print and/or online journal.

80. Allnurses.com Nursing For Nurses - Cerebral Edema Without Increased ICP? This is a nursing discussion forum for all nurses in every specialty. http://allnurses.com/forums/archive/index.php/t-18907.html

allnurses.com Nursing for Nurses Critical Care Nursing Neuro Intensive Care PDA View Full Version : Cerebral edema without increased ICP? 07-07-2002, 04:42 PM This question pertains strictly to near drowning. My son suffered an anoxic brain injury 2 yrs ago from a near drowing and nothing was done to relieve the edema or the increased ICP. No drugs...nothing. They didn't even measure is ICP. Told me there was no use since there was nothing they could do and he would probably die by morning anyway. Some trauma docs have such lovely bedside manner. :rolleyes: This was a level 1 pediatric trauma doc. Think he could have had a little more compassion He made the decision on his own that my son wouldn't recieve treatment for his brain injury. I have the doctor's notes. It makes me sick that he was just going to provide supportive measures but no treatment and allow my child to die. :( I do know now that there were things they could have done, but at the time I was not a nursing student....just a mom. He only got the code drugs....epi, atropine, lidocaine, bicarb. No diuretics....no Mannitol...nothing. He did get fentanyl and versed though when the decerebrate posturing started. Another mom of a near drown told me the docs told her that swelling is not the only problem....only if ICP is involved. If increased ICP is involved then there are things they can do like surgery. Since anoxia causes global injury and edema, not localized like a TBI would, how could any surgery or, in this mom's words "techniques" be done that would help?

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