41. EMedicine - Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsies : Article Excerpt By: Jennifer Seme Uppermiddle trunk brachial plexus palsy involves nerve fibers from C5, C6, andC7 levels. Klumpke palsy results in deficits at levels C8 and T1, http://www.emedicine.com/pmr/byname/neonatal-brachial-plexus-palsies.htm

(advertisement) Excerpt from Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsies Synonyms, Key Words, and Related Terms: brachial plexus injury, obstetric brachial plexus palsy, obstetrical brachial plexus palsy, brachial plexus palsy, brachial plexus birth palsy, birth brachial plexus palsy, traumatic peripheral nervous system injury, congenital brachial plexus palsy, Erb’s palsy, Klumpke's palsy, brachial plexopathy, Duchenne-Erb's palsy Please click here to view the full topic text: Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsies Background: The first known description of neonatal brachial plexus palsy (BPP) dates from 1779 when Smellie reported the case of an infant with bilateral arm weakness that resolved spontaneously within a few days after birth. In the 1870s, both Duchenne and Erb described cases of upper trunk nerve injury, attributing the findings to traction on the upper trunk, now called Duchenne-Erb palsy. In 1885, Klumpke described injury of C8-T1 nerve roots and the nearby stellate ganglion that now bears her name. Many cases of BPP are transient, with the child recovering full function in the first week of life. A smaller percentage of children continue to have weakness leading to long-term disability from the injury. The mainstay of treatment for these children is physical and/or occupational therapy in concert with a regular home exercise program. A select few patients may benefit from surgical intervention in the early stages to improve innervation of the affected muscles. Others benefit from tendon transfers performed later to improve shoulder and, sometimes, elbow function. Numerous other nonsurgical treatments, including electrical stimulation and botulinum toxin injections, also may prove effective in the treatment of children with BPP. In view of the variability in presentation, treatment options, and outcome measures, a multidisciplinary approach to the care of the infant with BPP is recommended.

42. Medical Dictionary: Brachial Plexus Palsy - WrongDiagnosis.com Medical dictionary definition of brachial plexus palsy as a medical term includingdiseases, symptoms, treatments, and other medical and health issues. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/medical/brachial_plexus_palsy.htm

Home Symptoms Diseases Risks ... Dictionary Search our medical database Subscribe to our free Newsletter sample Send this page to a friend Condition Lists By Organ By Symptom By Class By Prevalence ... List A-Z Current chapter: Brachial plexus palsy Next chapters: Brain Aneurysm Brain artery disease Brain attack Brain death ... Feedback Medical Dictionary: Brachial plexus palsy Medical dictionaries: Medical dictionary Medical malpractice dictionary Medical Acronymns/Abbreviations Brachial plexus palsy : Another name for Erb's Palsy (or close medical condition association). Brachial plexus palsy (medical condition): Paralysis of the arm or hand often related to childbirth injury (also Brachial plexus palsy Brachial plexus palsy (medical condition): Erb's palsy or brachial plexus palsy is usually related to injury during childbirth. This is a reasonably common childbirth injury that is caused by damage to the nerves between the spine and the arm or hand. More information on medical condition: Erb's Palsy Introduction: Erb's Palsy Basic Summary for Erb's Palsy Symptoms of Erb's Palsy Dictionary Did we miss something? Please provide

43. Introduction: Erb's Palsy - WrongDiagnosis.com Erb s Palsy Erb s palsy or brachial plexus palsy is usually related to injuryduring childbirth. This is a reasonably common childbirth injury that is http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/e/erbs_palsy/intro.htm

Home Symptoms Diseases Risks ... Diseases Search our medical database Subscribe to our free Newsletter sample Send this page to a friend Condition Lists By Organ By Symptom By Class By Prevalence ... List A-Z Current chapter: Erb's Palsy Next sections Basic Summary for Erb's Palsy Prognosis of Erb's Palsy Symptoms of Erb's Palsy Medical Malpractice and Erb's Palsy ... Statistics about Erb's Palsy Next chapters: Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disorder Chiari Malformation Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy Coffin-Lowry syndrome ... Feedback Introduction: Erb's Palsy Erb's Palsy: Erb's palsy or brachial plexus palsy is usually related to injury during childbirth. This is a reasonably common childbirth injury that is caused by damage to the nerves between the spine and the arm or hand. Researching symptoms of Erb's Palsy: Further information about the symptoms of Erb's Palsy is available including a list of symptoms of Erb's Palsy , or alternatively return to research other symptoms in the symptom center Statistics and Erb's Palsy: Various sources and calculations are available in statistics about Erb's Palsy , and you can also research other medical statistics in our statistics center Contents for Erb's Palsy: Basic Summary for Erb's Palsy Prognosis of Erb's Palsy Symptoms of Erb's Palsy Medical Malpractice and Erb's Palsy ... Diseases Did we miss something? Please provide

44. Brachial Plexus - Wheeless' Textbook Of Orthopaedics Traumatic brachial plexus palsy in the adult. Retro and infraclavicular lesions.Brachial Plexus Injury and RepairSymposium Nerve Repairs for Traumatic http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/brachial_plexus

Duke Orthopaedics presents Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics Site Index A - Z Search Site by Word Home Contact Us My Account Brachial Plexus Work Up for Brachial Plexus Injuries Brachial Neuritis Erb's Palsy Leffert Classification of Brachial Plexus Injuries ... Work Up for Brachial Plexus Injuries - Anatomy: roots: - nerves originating off of roots: dorsal scapular nerve - phrenic (C3,C4, ) (look for elevated hemidiaphram); long thoracic nerve lower root injury trunks: upper trunk injuries - gives off suprascapular nerve; - middle trunk: - lower trunk: cords: lateral cord medial cord posterior cord - Anatomy of Brachial Plexus Injury: - root level avulsions involve both anterior (plexus) and posterior (dorsal sensory) regions, where as plexus injuries spare posterior areas; - see: preganglionic injury - lesions of may be caused by widening of head-shoulder interval;

45. Traumatic Brachial Plexus Palsy In Children - Wheeless' Textbook Of Orthopaedics Traumatic brachial plexus palsy in Children nonbirthrelated Brachial Plexusinjuries in children are rare; - as result, very little has been written http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/traumatic_brachial_plexus_palsy_in_children

Duke Orthopaedics presents Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics Site Index A - Z Search Site by Word Home Contact Us My Account Traumatic Brachial Plexus Palsy in Children - See: Obstetrical Paralysis Shoulder in brachial plexus injuries: - Discussion: - nonbirth-related Brachial Plexus injuries in children are rare; - as result, very little has been written about this topic; - over 50% have assoc head injuries consistent with high-energy trauma; - supraclavicular nerve lesions predominate as in obstetric palsies; - root avulsion is common; - Natural History: - most pts will show some spontaneous recovery; - prognosis is good if there is early, partial recovery before third month; - prognosis is poor when there is a lack of clinical neurologic recovery by the third month following injury; - Surgical Treatment: - prognosis is poor when there is a lack of clinical neurologic recovery by the third month;

46. Birth Injury Lawyers: Brachial Plexus Palsy Birth defect lawyers and medical malpractice attorneys handling brachial PlexusPalsy cases, erbs palsy, cerebral palsy cases, medical negligence cases and http://www.personal-injury.com/practice_areas/Brachial_Plexus_Palsy.asp

dqmcodebase = "/" //script folder location Home Your source for law , information and personal injury lawyers. Auto Accidents Brain Injuries Firestone Tires Ford Explorer Rollovers ... Matrixx Title:* First Name:* MI: Last Name:* Mr. Mrs. Ms. Dr. Email Address:* Home Phone:* (ex. janesmith@yahoo.com) (ex. 555-505-5555) Work Phone: Mobile Phone: (ex. 555-505-5555) (ex. 555-505-5555) Address: City: State: Zip: AL AK AZ AR CA CO CT DE DC FL GA HI ID IL IN IA KS KY LA ME MD MA MI MN MS MO MT NE NV NH NJ NM NY NC ND OH OK OR PA PR RI SC SD TN TX UT VT VA WA WV WI WY (ex. 02052) Case Information: Date of Incident: Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Case Description: Please type here... Comments/Additional Information: To Better Serve You: Please tell us how /where you heard about us? Friend Advertisment Post Board AltaVista AOL Ask Jeeves Excite Fast Google Goto HotBot Infoseek Lycos Mamma Northern Light Sprinks Web Crawler Yahoo! Other search engine Other If you found us using a search engine, please tell us what search term(s) you used to find us? I understand that by filling out this free consultation form I am not forming an attorney client relationship. I understand that I may only retain an attorney by entering into a fee agreement and that by submitting this form I am not entering into a fee agreement. Yes No I agree that the above does not constitute a request for legal advice. I agree that any information that I will receive in response to the above question is general information and I will not be charged for the response to this e-mail question. I further understand that the law for each state may vary, and therefore, I will not rely upon this information as legal advice. I agree that if this matter requires advice regarding my home state, local counsel may be contacted for referral of this matter. I understand that email is not secure and thus I am forming only a semi-confidential relationship.

47. Kids Health Info For Parents : Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy (Erb's Palsy) What is obstetric brachial plexus palsy? The brachial plexus is a large networkof nerves running from the neck to the arm. These nerves provide movement http://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/factsheets.cfm?doc_id=8139

48. Nerve Trauma, Nerve Entrapment And RSD: Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Palsy From B Image diagnosis of nerve disruption in obstetrical brachial plexus palsy. A)Three month old with complete flail arm. Image demonstrates absence of plexus http://www.neurography.com/Images/EntrapmentTraumaRSD/OBPTrauma_files/OBPTrauma.

Nerve Trauma, Entrapment and RSD: Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Palsy from Birth Trauma Image diagnosis of nerve disruption in obstetrical brachial plexus palsy. A) Three month old with complete flail arm. Image demonstrates absence of plexus elements in area of trunks. A hypointense round (r) abnormality proved to be a mass of disrupted scarred scalene muscle partially incorporating shards of nerve remnants. In this situation, nerve grafts can be used to bridge gaps. In addition, neuroplasty or removal of adhesions helps improve recovery. B) Six month old child with persistent upper trunk paresis. Imaging confirmed ball neuromas at C5 and C6 demonstrating complete disruption of upper trunk elements. Early demonstration of complete disruption with terminal nerve neuromas can allow for an earlier decision for restorative surgery and hence better outcomes. HOME IMAGE HOME NERVE COMPRESSION HOME

49. Search Result For "Brachial Plexus Palsy" What is Brachial Plexus/Erb s Palsy?; Information for Adults With Brachial Plexus brachial plexus palsy Foundation; United Brachial Plexus Network http://www.noah-health.org/search/results.php?lang=1&keyword=Brachial Plexus Pal

50. Teens First For Health Info Illnesses Brachial Plexus Palsy brachial plexus palsy usually occurs when a baby is born. When a baby hasbrachial plexus palsy, he or she will not be able to move the affected arm. http://www.childrenfirst.nhs.uk/teens/health/illnesses/brachial_plexus_palsy.htm

51. Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy. Outcome Of Absent Biceps Function At Three Month Background An important prognostic factor in neonatal brachial plexus palsy isthe time interval to biceps muscle recovery. Although the natural history is http://www.ejbjs.org/cgi/content/abstract/86/10/2163

JBJS CME HELP FEEDBACK ... TABLE OF CONTENTS QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) CME: Take the exam for this article: Pediatrics Test 6: Topics in Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery [Supplementary Material] Letters to the Editor: Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited ... Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal ... Reprints and Permissions PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Smith, N. C. Articles by Carter, P. R. Related Collections Pediatric Disease Pediatrics Shoulder Congenital Anomalies ... Physical Exam The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American) The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc. Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy Outcome of Absent Biceps Function at Three Months of Age Nicholas C. Smith, MB Peter Rowan, MB Laurel J. Benson, MD Marybeth Ezaki, MD and Peter R. Carter, MD Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Sydney, Australia

52. Brachial-plexus Palsy In The Newborn -- Jackson Et Al. 70 (8): 1217 -- Journal O Neonatal brachial plexus palsy. Outcome of Absent Biceps Function at Three Monthsof Age Glenohumeral Deformity Secondary to Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy http://www.ejbjs.org/cgi/content/abstract/70/8/1217

JBJS CME HELP FEEDBACK ... TABLE OF CONTENTS QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: This Article Order Full text via Infotrieve Letters to the Editor: Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when Letters to the Editor are posted ... Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal ... Permissions PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Jackson, S. T. Articles by Parrish, N. JOURNAL ARTICLE Brachial-plexus palsy in the newborn ST Jackson, MM Hoffer and N Parrish Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange 92668. Twenty-one patients who had twenty-three brachial-plexus palsies resulting from trauma at birth were studied over a three and one-half year period, between July 1983 and December 1986. The incidence of this group of injuries was 2.5 per 1,000 live births. There were fourteen palsies of the fifth and sixth cervical nerves; eight of the fifth, sixth, and seventh

53. Erbs Palsy Attorneys, Brachial Plexus Palsy Attorneys, Shoulder Dystocia, Injury Erbs Erb s Attorneys – Legal Resource Brachial Plexus, Shoulder Dystocia,Injury, Complication, Paralysis, Traumatic Stretching, Fetal Macrosomia, http://www.consultwebs.com/lawyers/erbspalsylawyers/

Home Attorneys Resources FAQs ... Personal Injury Links Welcome to Erbs Palsy Lawyers (erbspalsylawyers.com.) Sponsored by Consultwebs.com , a Raleigh, North Carolina Web consulting firm, Erbs Palsy Lawyers is intended to provide up to date references and resources for Erbs Palsy Law . The links and resources are provided as a public service for attorneys and consumers. To suggest a link or provide a suggestion about this Erbs Palsy law site, please click here Law firms, visit our " Law Firm Web Audits " site to see if your firm Web site is performing as it should. If you are interested in helping to sponsor Erbs Palsy Lawyers or would like a free site listing, please fill out our

54. CLAVICLE FRACTURE AND BRACHIAL PLEXUS PALSY IN THE NEWBORN: RISK FACTORS AND OUT Since first reported in 1764, brachial plexus palsy and fractured clavicle in In cases of brachial plexus palsy, parents were instructed to passively http://www.kfshrc.edu.sa/annals/166/95-273.html

CLAVICLE FRACTURE AND BRACHIAL PLEXUS PALSY IN THE NEWBORN: RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOME Hassib Narchi, MRCP; Naji Kulaylat, MRCP; Ekuma Ekuma-Nkama, MRCOG Since first reported in 1764, brachial plexus palsy and fractured clavicle in the newborn have been the subject of many publications aiming at defining their causes and looking at their prognosis, with varied and sometimes conflicting findings. We undertook this study in a primary care setting of a developing country, in a population with high parity and a high incidence of diabetes in pregnancy, aiming to determine the incidence of these injuries in infants born in our hospital, to identify possible risk factors in our population and to determine the prognosis for full recovery of affected babies. Material and Methods From the Division of Specialty Services (Dr. Narchi), the Pediatric Unit (Dr. Kulaylat), and the Obstetric and Gynecology Unit (Dr. Ekuma-Nkama), Saudi ARAMCO - Al-Hasa Health Center, Mubarraz. t -test was used to compare means and the corrected chi-squared test was used to compare proportions (Fisher’s exact test for small values). Results Brachial Plexus Palsy 28 (77.7%) within one month, 35 (97.2%) within six months and, including the case who presented late on follow-up, all within 18 months. None required surgery.

55. Fighting For You: Erb's Palsy Attorney - Erb's Palsy Lawyer - Brachial Palsy Law Erb s palsy (sometimes called brachial plexus palsy) is a common example of a Children born with brachial plexus palsies like Erb s palsy can suffer http://www.fightingforyou.com/erbs-palsy-sc-66-15.html

Looking for a specific topic? Home Firm Info Practice Areas Newsletter ... Click here for a free case evaluation Erb's/Brachial Plexus Palsy click here to send an immediate e-mail inquiry. Erb's palsy (sometimes called Brachial Plexus palsy ) is a common example of a birth injury caused by physical trauma to the fetus. The brachial plexus is a nerve bundle located in the shoulder region that controls muscles in the shoulder, arms and hands. During labor and birth, a fetus' shoulder can become lodged or stuck under the mother's pubic bone following the delivery of the head (this condition is known as shoulder dystocia). If the treating physician uses excessive force on the child's head in an effort to dislodge the shoulder (pulls too hard on the head in the direction of one shoulder in an attempt to get the baby out), damage can occur to the nerve bundles located in the shoulder region causing neurological injury. Erb's palsy is the result of damage to the nerves controlling the upper arm and shoulder. The severity of the injury depends on what happens to the nerves. They can become stretched (called praxis) and scar tissue can develop (neuroma). In more severe cases, the nerves tear completely off the spinal cord (avulsion). Children born with brachial plexus palsies like Erb's palsy can suffer paralysis and a loss of sensation and muscle control in their shoulders, arm and hands. Other consequences may include a winged scapula (shoulder blade), downward sloped shoulder, flexed elbow, internally rotated arm, an arm which is shorter and narrower than a healthy arm and possibly a hand which does not function properly. These children often cannot lift their arms above their head and do not have appropriate strength and fine motor coordination. Treatment options include extensive physical therapy and corrective surgeries.

56. Brachial Plexus Injuries Elsewhere on the Web. brachial plexus palsy Foundation A. She likely hasErb s Palsy, a form of Brachial Plexus Injury. http://pediatrics.about.com/od/weeklyquestion/a/04_erbs_palsy.htm

var zLb=9; var zIoa1 = new Array('Pediatric Resources','Pediatric Problem Solver','http://pediatrics.about.com/library/index/blpedi_problem_solver.htm','Ages and Stages','http://pediatrics.about.com/od/agesandstages/','Question of the Week','http://pediatrics.about.com/od/weeklyquestion/'); var zIoa2 = new Array('More Pediatric Resources','Brachial Palsy','http://adam.about.com/encyclopedia/001395.htm','Take a Quiz','http://pediatrics.about.com/library/bl_polls_quizzes.htm','Pediatric Basics for New Parents','http://pediatrics.about.com/library/pediatric_basics/bl_index.htm'); var zIoa3 = new Array('Elsewhere on the Web','Brachial Plexus Palsy Foundation','http://membrane.com/bpp/'); zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a12' About Pediatrics Ages and Stages Newborns and Babies Brachial Plexus Injuries Pediatrics Essentials Baby Names Ideal Body Weight Calculator ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Pediatrics newsletter!

57. Pediatric Infectious Disease - Provides Inpatient And Outpatient Diagnostic And brachial plexus palsy. The brachial plexus is the large bundle of nerve fibersthat come from the spinal cord in the neck to supply sensation and movement http://www.rainbowbabies.org/services/specialties/PediatricNeurologicalSurgery/t

University Hospitals MacDonald Women's Hospital Ireland Cancer Center The Heart Center Site Search: Clinical Services and Programs Pediatric Specialties find a doctor make an appointment family services for families for kids ways to give neonatal intensive care unit hipaa Site Map Pediatric Neurological Surgery specialty overview neurological surgery topics physician staff listing contact Brachial Plexus Palsy Contact Information Mailing Address: Pediatric Neurological Surgery 11100 Euclid Avenue Mail Stop RBC 6035 Cleveland, OH 44106 Telephone: Fax: The pediatric hospital of University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio, is the only hospital in Cleveland dedicated solely to the comprehensive care of children. number one in the Midwest and the Region, ranking #6 among all pediatric programs in America by U.S. New and World Report. 2005 Child Magazine - Best Children's Hospitals

58. Christopher And Dana Reeve Paralysis Resource Center- Provides Resources For Peo brachial plexus palsy Foundation, PrinterFriendly Version to provide fundsfor the research and education of brachial plexus in infants and children. http://www.paralysis.org/Health/Health.cfm?ID=26337&c=89

59. Journal Of Bone And Joint Surgery: Trapezius Transfer In Brachial Plexus Palsy Full text of the article, Trapezius transfer in brachial plexus palsy fromJournal of Bone and Joint Surgery, a publication in the field of Health http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3767/is_200502/ai_n11827197

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Advanced Search Home Help IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports 10,000,000 articles - not found on any other search engine. FindArticles Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Feb 2005 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Featured Titles for AAACN Viewpoint ABNF Journal, The AIDS Treatment News AMAA Journal ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Trapezius transfer in brachial plexus palsy Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Feb 2005 by R¼hmann, O Schmolke, S Bohnsack, M Carls, J ... Wirth, C J Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. CORRELATION OF THE OUTCOME WITH MUSCLE POWER AND OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE Between March 1994 and June 2003, 80 patients with brachial plexus palsy underwent a trapezius transfer. There were 11 women and 69 men with a mean age of 31 years (18 to 69). Before operation a full evaluation of muscle function in the affected arm was carried out. A completely flail arm was found in 37 patients (46%). Some peripheral function in the elbow and hand was seen in 43 (54%). No patient had full active movement of the elbow in combination with adequate function of the hand. Patients were followed up for a mean of 2.4 years (0.8 to 8). We performed the operations according to Saha's technique, with a modification in the last 22 cases. We demonstrated a difference in the results according to the pre-operative status of the muscles and the operative technique.

60. Journal Of Bone And Joint Surgery: Cervical Rib: A Predisposing Factor For Obste Of 42 infants who underwent surgery for obstetric brachial plexus palsy, 28presented with an Erb s palsy, the pathology being restricted to the shoulder http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3767/is_200207/ai_n9140905

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Advanced Search Home Help IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports 10,000,000 articles - not found on any other search engine. FindArticles Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Jul 2002 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Featured Titles for AAACN Viewpoint ABNF Journal, The AIDS Treatment News AMAA Journal ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports cervical rib: A predisposing factor for obstetric brachial plexus lesions, The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Jul 2002 by Becker, M H-J Lassner, F Bahm, J Ingianni, G ... Pallua, N Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Controversy surrounds the aetiology of obstetric brachial plexus lesions. Most authors consider that it is caused by traction or compression of the brachial plexus during delivery. Some patients, however, present without a history of major traction during delivery, and some delivered by Caesarean section also suffer the injury. In our series of 42 infants, 28 had an Erb's palsy, and the remaining 14 presented with a more extensive lesion, involving the lower roots. In five of these, a complete ossified cervical rib was found.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 3     41-60 of 108    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | Next 20